8/13/2019 The Vampire Book (Gnv64)
1/95
8/13/2019 The Vampire Book (Gnv64)
2/95
8/13/2019 The Vampire Book (Gnv64)
3/95
8/13/2019 The Vampire Book (Gnv64)
4/95
8/13/2019 The Vampire Book (Gnv64)
5/95
8/13/2019 The Vampire Book (Gnv64)
6/95
8/13/2019 The Vampire Book (Gnv64)
7/95
SALLY REGAN
VampireBook
The
8/13/2019 The Vampire Book (Gnv64)
8/95
LONDON, NEW YORK,
MELBOURNE, MUNICH, AND DELHI
Project editor Jenny Finch
Senior art editorStefan Podhorodecki
Designers Keith Davis, Johnny Pau, Yumiko Tahata
Editorial assistant Jessamy Wood
Managing editor Linda Esposito
Managing art editor Diane Thistlethwaite
Publishing manager Andrew Macintyre
Category publisher Laura Buller
Creative retouching Steve Willis
Picture research Nic Dean
DK picture library Lucy Claxton
Production editor Maria Elia
Senior production controller Angela Graef
Jacket designer Yumiko TahataJacket editor Mariza OKeeffe
Design development manager Sophia M Tampakopoulos Turner
Consultant Professor Glennis Byron
First published in the United States in 2009 by
DK Publishing, 375 Hudson Street, New York, New York 10014
09 10 11 12 13 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1175774 07/09
Copyright 2009 Dorling Kindersley Limited
All rights reserved under International and Pan-American Copyright Conventions.
No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmittedin any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or
otherwise, without the prior written permission of the copyright owner.Published in Great Britain by Dorling Kindersley Limited.
DK books are available at special discounts when purchased in bulk for
sales promotions, premiums, fundraising, or educational use. For details, contact:DK Publishing Special Markets, 375 Hudson Street, New York, New York 10014
A catalog record for this book is available from the Library of Congress
ISBN: 978-0-7566-5551-8
Design and digital artworking by Stefan Podhorodecki
Hi-res workflow proofed by MDP, UKPrinted and bound by Leo, China
Discover more atwww.dk.com
8/13/2019 The Vampire Book (Gnv64)
9/95
WHAT IS A VAMPIRE?Vampire 10
Creation: A Vampire is Born 12Appearance: Slobbering Ghouls
to Sinister Beauties 14
Thirst for Blood 16
Powers: The Dark Gift 18
Shape-Shifting 20
The Life of the Dead 22
Apotropes: To Deliver you from Evil 24
How to Destroy a Vampire 28
MYTHS AND LEGENDSBlood Demons: Spirits from
the Ancient World 32
Fairy Folk of Celtic Lore 34African Tales of Terror 36
Ghouls: Fearsome Flesh Eaters 38
Kali: Hindu Goddess of Destruction 40
Blood-drinking Witches of Southeast Asia 42
Jiangshi: Chinese Hopping Ghosts 44
Flying Fire and Caribbean Crones 46
Gods and Monsters of
South and Central America 48
Contents
THE RISE OF THE VAMPIRE54Good vs. Evil: Revenants and
the Christian Church
56Vampires of Eastern Europe
58Vampire Hysteria hits Europe
60The Strange Case of Mercy Brown
62Gothic Horror: The First Vampire
Literature
64Bram Stoker and the Most Influential
Horror Story Ever Written
68Vlad the Impaler: The Real Dracula
70Elizabeth Bathory: The Blood Countess
THE MODERN MYTH74A Century of Screen Horror
76Dark Angels: Vampires Come of Age
78Child Vampires
80Vampire Hunters
82Falling in Love with the Undead
86Vampires are Forever
88More to explore
90Glossary
92Index and credits
8/13/2019 The Vampire Book (Gnv64)
10/95
8/13/2019 The Vampire Book (Gnv64)
11/95
The name vampire arouses both fear and fascination. Traditionally adead person who leaves their grave at night to suck the blood of theliving, these creatures have taken many forms over the years. However,they all continue to share some basic traits. They thirst for blood and
have unusual powers and strengths. There are perils they must avoid,and signs that give away their deadly secret.
What is a
Vampire?
8/13/2019 The Vampire Book (Gnv64)
12/95
10
ampires are forever. They are theundead:immortals who walk the Earth undetected,
seeking blood to sustain their unnatural existence.Their origins are lost in the mists of time.
From the earliest civilizations, they have
been whispered about inmythand
legend. They have
appeared in many guises.
Ancient cultures all over
the world feared spirits
and demons that thirsted
forbloodand broughtdeath and despair. In many
places, these beings were
strongly associated with
witchcraft and sorcery.Chroniclers in the Middle Ages
wrote of revenantscorpsesrising from their graves to seek blood
and spread misfortune. The folkloreof Eastern Europe called them
strigoi, and belief in theserestless corpses was so strong that panic
would overtake any community that
suspected there was one in their midst.
V
Vam
8/13/2019 The Vampire Book (Gnv64)
13/95
11
As word of these creatures spread, they were
recast in the imagination of 19th-century writers
and calledvampires. These mindlessmonsters became the cruelbut charismatic aristocrat
of theGothicnovel. Anenigmatic stranger with
slicked-back hair and a
long black cape, he had
superhuman powers and sharp
fangs, and became a favoritemovie villain. But vampires
continue to evolve. Possessing
amazing powers and ethereal
beauty, todays vampires
walk a different path. They canfight theircravingfor human
blood and blend in with human
society. Highly accomplished, yet
tormented and aloof, they hold a
powerful appeal for those who guess
their secret. Their legend may be as
old as fearitself, but vampirescontinue to fascinate and thrill us to this day.
This is their story
pire
8/13/2019 The Vampire Book (Gnv64)
14/95
12
CreationThere are three main ways of becoming a vampireby birth, by death, or by bite. In folklore, the waythat a person entered the world, and the way that theylived, died, and were buried, made thedifference between eternal rest oreternal roaming. Today, it is thebite that counts.
A VAMPIRE IS BORN
SEALED WITH A KISSThe modern method of vampire creation isthe classic act of a vampire biting into hisvictim to feed. As he draws blood, the biteturns the victim into one of his own kind.Typically, the vampire bites into an area of the
body where a main artery is near the surfaceusually the neck or wristthough in tales offolklore, it could also be on the thorax or abovethe heart. Two small puncture marks are the onlyevidence of the vampires visit, but victims willsoon notice telltale signs of their fate. Their breathstarts to smell, they look pale, recoil from religiousartifacts, and become more active at night. Mostvictims waste away, until they die and are rebornas a new vampire. Sometimes the vampires
bite merely kills his victim, unless the victimalso tastes the vampires blood in return.
8/13/2019 The Vampire Book (Gnv64)
15/95
13
DAMNED BEFORE BIRTHA baby may seem too innocent to be labeled a vampireeven before it has drawn its first breath, but in the folkloreof many parts of the world, pregnancy was fraught withdanger. If the mother saw a black cat, ate too much salt, orwas looked at by a witch, her baby was at risk of becoming
a vampire. There were also other factors to worry amother. If the baby was born the illegitimate childof an illegitimate child, the seventh son of aseventh son, or with teeth, too much hair, ora caul (membrane) over its head, it wasalmost certainly destined for vampirismafter death. A baby conceived or bornon certain holy days would also causeits parents great anxiety.
UNCERTAIN DEATHA persons life, death, and manner of burial were crucialfactors in determining vampire status in many parts of theworld. Anyone committing suicide was doomed, since manyreligions viewed this as an unforgivable sin. Murderers,robbers, and other criminals were also seen as vulnerable to
vampiric resurrection. Many cultures took the manner oflaying a person to rest very seriously. If burial took place tooquickly, or without the proper rituals, this was a cause forconcern. In Romania, burying a person face up, or not deepenough, could result in them becoming a vampire.
8/13/2019 The Vampire Book (Gnv64)
16/95
14
Appearance
Vampires of old were putrid beastsugly, decaying corpsescovered in dirt from the grave. But, refined by the imaginations ofnovelists and filmmakers, vampires grew increasingly human,
until in the 20th century they emerged as a kind of superhumanunnaturally beautiful and fatally appealing.
SLOBBERING GHOULS TO SINISTER BEAUTIES
A NOVEL IDEA
The fiction of the 19th centurypainted a different picture: suddenlyvampires got class. With sunkencheeks, flowing hair, long darkfingernails, and white fangs, theywere aristocratic gentlemen with skinlike marble and a hungry look. Withhis diabolical smile and piercing gaze,the vampire was still a figure of terror,but now he was taking his place in
human society and using charm to snarehis victims.
DEAD UGLYIn the folklore of Eastern Europe, which is thoughtto be the origin of the modern vampire myth,blood-drinking undead beings were described asshort, fat, and sweaty, with pointed ears, ratliketeeth, and rancid, stinking breath. Their bloated,rotting bodies would be dressed in rags andsmeared with filth from the grave. Blood wouldprobably trickle from their mouths. More likezombies from a horror movie, their return
from death had stripped these revenants ofall their recognizably human qualities.
8/13/2019 The Vampire Book (Gnv64)
17/95
15
GOLDEN OLDIESporting a dark suit and a longblack cape that opened out like abats wings, the vampire became astaple of horror movies in the 20thcentury. Usually an icy nobleman witha thick foreign accent, his fangs werelonger, and his eyes cold and glassy,turning red with anger. Though thiswell-worn archetype may now seemcorny, to audiences at the time thesecharacters had huge appeal, and in thestories they often used charisma to beguilevictims of the opposite sex.
TODAYS VAMPIRETodays vampire could hardly be more differentfrom the mindless ghouls of old. Modernvampires disguise their superhuman abilities tofit seamlessly into human society and look justlike usexcept for being flawless in every way.There are few clues to their true nature, thoughtheir eyes change color when they lust for
blood. Those same eyes may betray theirangst at an inner struggle over the life theyvebeen blessed or cursed with.
8/13/2019 The Vampire Book (Gnv64)
18/95
16
ThirstVampires are blood-drinking creatures whose very existencedepends on satisfying their thirst. Without a ready supply ofblood, they will perish. The deep, physical craving for this crimsonliquid is the one characteristic that all vampires share.
ESSENCE OF LIFE
Since ancient times, people have recognizedblood as the very essence of life. Egyptianprinces bathed in blood to revive their mentalpowers, ancient Romans drank the blood ofgladiators, believing that it passed on thepotency of these fierce fighters, and theAztecs of Central America worshipped theirSun god with offerings of blood. The idea thatblood was needed in order to sustain lifemade it natural to assume that living
spiritsthe undeadwould also need bloodand would take it from the living.
THE THIRSTThe vampires insatiable desire for blood isknown as the thirst. All vampires need todrink fresh blood to sustain their unnaturalexistence. Without it, they age, weaken, andlose their powers. Starved for too long, a
vampire would eventually suffer a kind of livingdeathconscious, but too weak to function.The vampires need for blood is oftendescribed as being like a powerful addictionthe physical cravings for the salty, metallicsubstance and the feeling of strength that itprovides are almost impossible to resist.
FEEDING FRENZY
Historically, vampires were linked to frenziedkilling sprees. Their need for blood explainedto early populations why their cattle weredying and why so many people perished inoutbreaks of disease. To ingest a victimsblood, the vampire makes an incision with hisrazor-sharp fangs at a point on the bodywhere a blood vessel is close to the surface.After feeding, vampires gain strength, andsome even grow younger. With some restraint,
a vampire can return to the same victim timeand again before he or she finally dies.
MODERN TASTESHuman blood gives the vampire the moststrength. The blood of rats, pets, cattle, orany other animal would be enough to keepa vampire alive but would not satisfy theircraving. In the modern era, some vampires
have developed a conscience and a desireto live peacefully in human society. Byshunning human blood and denying theircraving, they battle against their very nature.By choice, these tormented souls try tomake do with animal blood, but it is apoor substitute.
FOR BLOOD
8/13/2019 The Vampire Book (Gnv64)
19/95
17
8/13/2019 The Vampire Book (Gnv64)
20/95
18
Powers THE DARK GIFT Though doomed to spend eternity killingfor blood, vampires are endowed with arange of extraordinary powers. Sometimescalled the dark gift, each vampires setof special abilities is different, but there
are some skills that all vampires share.
IMMORTALITYMost vampires are immortalthey do not age
and die as humans do. Many are also resistant to
conventional weapons and the ravages of disease.
On the rare occasion that a vampire is wounded,
he or she heals very quickly and feels no pain.
CREATINGNEW VAMPIRES
Some vampires can create more of their kind simply
by feedingtheir victim dies a mortal death but is
reborn as one of the undead. If the creator vampire
desires it, the new vampire will be enslaved, and only
freed if the master is weakened or destroyed.
SUPERHUMANA vampire possesses physical strength that no
human can equal. Their sheer might, paired with
the fact that they never tire, makes them
extremely difficult to match in physical combat.
Time means increased powervampires get
even stronger as they age.
STRENGTH
8/13/2019 The Vampire Book (Gnv64)
21/95
19
LIGHTNING SPEED
Vampires move with supreme grace and agility.Sometimes they move too fast for the human eye toregister, seeming to appear out of nowhere. They candefy gravity by climbing up or down the steepest wallsor by leaping vertically from a standing start. Some
vampires can even fly.
MIND
POWERS
Using the hypnoticpower of their eyes,some vampires cancontrol the thoughtsof humans andanimals, compellingthem to do their
bidding. Some vampires
can mind read, while others use telekinesisto move objects by willpower alone.
ENHANCED SENSESVampires are equipped with an acute sense of hearing,smell, and sight. Their hearing is as sharp as a wolfseven in the noisiest of cities. An enhanced sense ofsmell allows them to track their prey, but it also makesstrong odors repellent. Super-sensitive eyes allow themto see clearly in total darkness.
Control of the elements is a usefultricka fleeing vampire can summon a
storm to cover her tracks. Other magical abilitiesinclude the power to cast spells, turn base metalsinto gold, and shape-shift into other forms.
MAGICAL ABILITIES
8/13/2019 The Vampire Book (Gnv64)
22/95
20
A
batswoopsdownfrom
ove
rhead.
A
wolf
lurksintheshadows,
eyesglinting
withmenace.
The
vampirec
anphysicallychange
intomanyshapes,
butthe
batandthewolf
arehisfa
voriteforms.
Asabat,
he
can
flit
hiswayto
the
bedside
ofhis
victim
undetected.
Likethevampire,
bats
haveasinisterappearance
and
onlyemergeat
night.
Toourancestors,
thesightofbatsflittinge
erilyacrossthesky
may
have
echoed
vampire
myths.
The
legend
was
reinforced
by
the
discoveryin
South
America
ofthe
vamp
ire
bat,
which
uses
razor-sharpteeth
tofeedonthebloodoflivingcreatures.
Appearing
as
a
wolf,
the
vampire
maystr
ike
even
more
fear
into
the
hearts
ofhis
intended
victims
he
can
use
the
animalsspeedandsensestohuntthemdown.
A
fangedand
dangerouspredator,
thewolf
isthevam
piresnaturalally.
In
anurbansetting,
avampiremayeven
chooseto
take
the
morefamiliarform
ofadog.
r e o t
n e ,
s
8/13/2019 The Vampire Book (Gnv64)
23/95
21
Vampirescanalso
morphinto
mic
e,
rats,
oranyother
anima
lthatwill
help
them
escape
destruction.
Some
cultur
esbelievethatwhenavamp
ireisdestroyed,
no
bugs
mustbeallowed
to
escape
from
thebody,
lest
thevampiresurviveinadifferent
form.
And
it
is
notonly
animals
tow
atch
outfor.
Even
the
greenfogrollingacrossthe
lawnmaybecause
for
disquiet.
Vampirescan
disperse
into
dust,
mist,
orvaporinordertoslipthrough
keyholesorcracks
indoors.
8/13/2019 The Vampire Book (Gnv64)
24/95
THE
8/13/2019 The Vampire Book (Gnv64)
25/95
23
LifeDead
THE
OF THE
The vampires way of life has changed a great deal over the centuries.No longer restricted to emerging at night from dirty coffins to
terrorize cattle and villagers, the options are now more varied. Thereis the chance to use impressive powers, mix with humans, and evenenjoy their company. Some vampire traits, however, never change.
A t
8/13/2019 The Vampire Book (Gnv64)
26/95
24
n fl h r r en
ir .. I ,,r f .. r
a r h tt i , s i roy e .
ApotropesFolklore tells of many charms and tricks to ward offvampires. Apotropes are objects or substances,such as garlic, that work to repel evil. Other
tactics, like the scattering of seeds, usea knowledge of the vampires weaknessesto stop him in his tracks.
TO DELIVER YOU FROM EVIL
sa r i n g iloll ,, v r l
r . ilve t s h on u t c actualll l v mp r , tl s r rt...
s ,, s,, r use i o r a c ,
l i i e l l t.
ug t to ot cts n
r n e t e f .. g ound
n ,, t e c , l t o lll e
p r r c i ...
sa rin n g ot n f
t e su rr- e sitive ri ns ho h o d. u ll
r rel c n t on ,tr ularl s ..
Dv t ng.. r ,s, lt,, d fo ere t . lle c pell o co t e
n c o s eor at .
tt t
8/13/2019 The Vampire Book (Gnv64)
27/95
25
l a r t nall u lep s e t nce s
ir .. we , nly isfe n t an f a u l ver.
n water is also a u oes. T ann t
e p .
re i o rr i ts, t
u r r p te ss . pr se
r e on Je , i. r s o f
t t
i ....
e ,n u d t.. T
p rr n ,, a r l r l fr r
c l p l c l oro n . Eu ,, , r ,
lac t or pl c r put n r e sa t
p i s...
tt ta r a ett i o e sth
mpir wl boun t u tana le ea h. reoc t ,, l
nt nue
e cs ape.
es ar tf ve i . lis due o i
f et r I tl r r
r m n e t t
V TION tales, vamp r n e r
us n ta ,, e e e l l ... se lf
,, g
, o s..
8/13/2019 The Vampire Book (Gnv64)
28/95
figt
l ia
a,ths
8/13/2019 The Vampire Book (Gnv64)
29/95
m
dey oagsy.Beyond Good and Evil, Friedrich Nietzsche
HOW TO
D
8/13/2019 The Vampire Book (Gnv64)
30/95
28
Vampires may seem indestructible, with theirastonishing supernatural abilities. But with a cool
head, the well-equipped hunter can end an evilvampires undead life for good.
A VAMPIRE
HOW TODestroy
8/13/2019 The Vampire Book (Gnv64)
31/95
29
8/13/2019 The Vampire Book (Gnv64)
32/95
8/13/2019 The Vampire Book (Gnv64)
33/95
Many folktales around the world tell of the restless deadsouls doomed towalk the Earth seeking blood to sustain their existence. In the past, deathwasnt necessarily seen as the end of life, but as the beginning of a newexistence. This was a comfort to those left behind, but it also left a lingeringdoubt as to what the dead might get up to. As well as reanimated corpses,
many other supernatural blood drinkers are found in myths and legends.From ghouls and ghosts, to witches and fairies, these unearthly creaturesall terrorized the living, bringing with them sickness and death.
Myths andLegends
s goddess, become eganto stopthe aveherblood.tedand edasa
8/13/2019 The Vampire Book (Gnv64)
34/95
Blood
Demons
Beliefinmythicalblood-drinkingcreature
sgoes
backatleast5,000
yearstothepeoplesof
ancientMesopotamia.
TheancientEgyptians,
Greeks,
andRomansalsohadmythsofdemonic
femaleswhopreyedonhumanlifeforce.
S
PIRITSFRO
MTHEANCIENTWORLD
32
LI
LITH
In
ancientMesopotamia,Lilith
was
a
winged
spirit
ofvengeance,a
storm
de
mon
who
brought
plagu
e
and
de
structionandcoulddrainmenslives
withakiss.Shewaslateradoptedinto
earlyHebrew
traditionasthefirstwife
of
Adam.Insomestories,she
refuses
to
submit
to
Adam
and
fle
es
the
Ga
rden
ofEden
to
roam
the
world,
suckingthebloodofinfants.
SEKHMET
An
ancientEgyptian
warg
Sekhmetwas
said
to
have
drunk
on
human
blood
and
b
destroy
allofhumanity.To
s
slaughter,
theS
un
god
Ra
ga
red-colored
be
erto
imitate
Sekhmetthenb
ecameintoxica
was
pacified.S
he
is
portraye
womanwithalionshead.
EKIMMU
TheEkimmuisfound
inthemythology
ofAssyria,a
state
established
in
Mesopotamia
around
2,000
BCE.The
spirit
ofadead
pers
onunableto
find
peace,its
name
me
ans
thatwhich
was
snatched
away
.It
is
described
asapersonwhodied
uncaredforand
wasnotgivenaprop
erburial.
had
the
ofabird.
king
the
amed
for
rixcomes
owl.
8/13/2019 The Vampire Book (Gnv64)
35/95
33
LAMIA
In
ancientGreece
and
Rome,Lamia
wa
s
a
feared
demon.Originally
a
princesswhosechildrenwerek
illed
by
arival,griefturnedherinto
am
onster.
Ha
lf-woman,
half-snake,
she
took
blo
odthirsty
revenge
by
eating
small
childrenand
suckingmensblood.She
had
the
abilityto
remove
hereyesto
res
tthem,andthenplacethemb
ackin
the
ir
sockets.
STRIX
From
ancientRome,the
Strix
faceofawoman
andthebodyo
It
roamed
the
darkness
drink
blood
ofsleepe
rsand
wasbla
spreadingdiseas
e.ThenameStr
fromt
heLatinw
ordmeaningo
MORMO
The
Greek
deityHecate,goddess
of
magic
and
crossroad
s,had
companions
from
the
underw
orld
called
the
Mormolykiai.
These
shadowy
beings
preyedontheyoung
andfrail.Theywere
namedafterawoman
calledMormowho
lostherown
children
and
took
her
vengeanceonotherinfants.
8/13/2019 The Vampire Book (Gnv64)
36/95
8/13/2019 The Vampire Book (Gnv64)
37/95
f
8/13/2019 The Vampire Book (Gnv64)
38/95
36
AfricanOn the African continent, blood-drinking and
flesh-eating creatures come in many different guises.Most are not undead, but living souls who dwellunrecognized in their unfortunate communities.
ADZEIn southeastern Ghana, people of theEwe tribe believed sorcerers livingamong them were hosts to a vampirespirit known as the Adze. Resemblinga firefly, it would drink coconut waterand palm oil, but most of all it soughtthe blood of young children. If caught,it would quickly revert to human form.
TALES OF TERROR
OBAYIFOA witchlike person who lived secretlyamong the Ashanti people of Ghana,
the Obayifo becomes a glowing ballduring the hours of darkness, whenshe seeks the blood of children. A badharvest would also be blamed on theObayifoshe is obsessed with foodand likes sucking the juice out of fruitand vegetables.
ASANBOSAMThis creature was said to live deep inthe forests of southern Ghana. It lookedalmost human but had hooks on itslegs and ferocious iron teeth. Danglingfrom trees, it would snatch up passers-by, who were usually hunters, to feast
on their blood. In some regions, theAsanbosam attacked sleeping villagersby biting them on the thumb.
IMPUNDULU
8/13/2019 The Vampire Book (Gnv64)
39/95
IMPUNDULUThe Zulu and Xhosa tribes of SouthAfrica believed in a creature called theImpundulu, or lightning bird. This
giant black-and-white beast is said tosummon thunder and lightning with itswings and talons. It was usually theservant of a witch, who would use itsunquenchable thirst for blood todestroy her enemies.
ZOMBIESThese terrifying creatures are incrediblystrong and rip their victims apart before
consuming their flesh. They are foundin Voodooa religion that developedon the Caribbean island of Haiti and isbased on the spiritual beliefs of westAfrican peoples. In Voodoo tradition,zombies are corpses that have beenreanimated by priests to becomemindless servants, doomed to toilforever under the will of their master.
SOUL EATERSFolklore of the Hausa tribe of westAfrica tells of witches called soul eaters,who preyed on their victims life force.The soul eater could shape-shift intoanimals so peculiar looking that theywould startle any onlooker to the point
where their soul would leap out of theirbody and be gobbled up. The soullessvictim would then waste away.
8/13/2019 The Vampire Book (Gnv64)
40/95
38
OutoftheA
rabianDesertcamemonsterscalledghouls.
Thesediabolica
lspiritshadaninsatiableappetiteforbloodand
flesh.N
octurnal,
withregenerativep
owersthatmadeth
emdifficult
tokill,theysharedmanytraitswithvampires.Apersonwasthought
tobecomeaghoulafterdeathasa
resultoflivingawickedlife.
DESERTDEMON
GhoulsweresaidtobetheoffspringofIblis,
theIslamicequivalent
ofSa
tantheirname
comesfromanArabicwordm
eaningdemon.
InfolktalesfromtheArabian
Peninsula,ghouls
rangedfrom
mindlessbeaststothosethat
passed
as
humans
during
the
day,living
seeminglynormall
ivesbutco
mingouta
tnight
tohunt.Allweresaidtoha
vetheabilityto
shape-shift
intoanyform,especiallyfavoring
scavengerssuchasthehyena
.Strongandfast,
theyexperiencednopain,d
id
notage,a
nddid
notrequireairtobreathe.Theonlywaytokill
themwaswithasharpblow
tothehead.
WEARYTRAVELERS
Travelersplanningtocrossthevast
expanse
oftheArabianDesertneede
dtobewaryof
ghouls.T
heseevilspiritscouldmaterializeout
ofnowhereandcommandth
emindsoftheir
victims,l
uringwearymenawa
yfromthesafety
oftheir
group.They
would
then
attack
ferociouslywithtoothandclaw.Greatlyfeared,
ghoulswereoftenassociated
withthespread
ofdiseasesome
believed
that
even
the
touchofaghoulc
ouldbedeadly.
Ghou
ls
F
EARSOMEFLES
HEATERS
8/13/2019 The Vampire Book (Gnv64)
41/95
39
GRAVEYARD
SHIFT
Traditionally,ghoulsweresaidtoliveunderground
orincreeksand
ditches.T
heypreferedtoeat
freshmeat,espe
ciallythat
ofchildren,
butif
thiswasinshorts
upply,theywouldgatherin
cemeteriestofea
sto
ncorpses.
8/13/2019 The Vampire Book (Gnv64)
42/95
8/13/2019 The Vampire Book (Gnv64)
43/95
40 41
The Hindu deity Kali is the goddess of destruction and pestilence and is famedfor her taste for blood. She inspires fear but is also honored as representing
time and change. She is just one of many blood drinkers in Indian mythology.
Kali HINDU GODDESS OF DESTRUCTION
GODDESS OF DESTRUCTIONOften depicted as a woman with four arms, fangs, anda long tongue, Kali is a terrifying figure. In one hand sheclutches a sword, while with another she holds the headof a slain giant. Around her neck she wears a necklace
of skulls. She is often depicted standing on Shiva, hercompanion deity. The story goes that Kali was fightingthe demon Raktavija, but every drop of his blood thatspilled on the battlefield turned into a new demon, untilthe battlefield was filled with thousands of them. Todefeat Raktavija, Kali sucked the blood straight from hisbody and devoured the demons. Drunk on her success,Kali got carried away and started destroying everythingin sight, so Shiva threw himself beneath her feet inorder to stop the destruction.
MYTH TO RELIGIONKali is just one of many bloodthirsty creatures inIndian mythology, originating in the magic andsuperstition of ancient traditions. Hinduismwhichdeveloped in the Indus Valley (in modern-day Pakistan)and spread across India around 1000 BCEwas tolerantand accepting of these long-held folk beliefs andenabled them to spread thoughout the land. Somecreatures, like Kali, were incorporated into the religionand became ferocious gods. Others live on in folktraditions.
GRAVEYARD GHOULSIndian tradition tells of many flesh-eating ghouls thatlurk in burial grounds. In Hindu mythology, Vetalas (alsoknown as Baital) are spirits that live in recentlydeceased corpses. At night they search for the blood
of sleeping, drunk, or mad women. They look like oldwomen, deformed by discolored skin and poisonedfingernails. Bhutas are wandering souls that also live ingraveyards. They are thought to be the spirits of deadpeople who did not receive proper funeral rites. Theycan shape-shift into bats and attack the living to causedisease. Rakshasas are man-eating spirits, firstdescribed in the Atharva Veda (a Hindu religious text).They appear in many guises, usually as a half-human,half-animal creature covered in blood.
FEMALE FRIGHTSFemales who seek vengeance from beyond the graveproliferate in Indian mythology. The Churel wasbelieved to be a woman who had died in pregnancyduring the important Divali festival. She returns tosuck the blood of her relatives. The Churel is agruesome sight, with feet pointing backward and aprotruding black tongue. Another fearsome femalewas the Masani. Inhabiting burial grounds, this spiritwas black in appearance, due to the ash from herfuneral pyre. She hunted at night, attacking anyonewho passed by. Though there are many ghoulishspirits in Indian mythology, some are not entirely evil.The Pisacha, for example, are demons that eat corpses,but they can also restore the sick to health if enticed.
BLOODDRINKING
8/13/2019 The Vampire Book (Gnv64)
44/95
42
Across southeast Asia, blood-drinking creaturesare strongly associated with black magic. Darktales abound of beautiful but bloodthirsty witchesand sorcerers slaves.
OF SOUTHEAST ASIA
Witches
8/13/2019 The Vampire Book (Gnv64)
45/95
43
Ji hi
8/13/2019 The Vampire Book (Gnv64)
46/95
44
SPLIT SOULAccording to Chinese belief, each person has twosouls: the higher soul, or hun, and the lower soul, orpo. After death, the hunascends to join the spirit
world. But if a person lived a bad life, their powouldremain earthbound, trapped in the body, which wouldbe reanimated as a jiangshi. Liars, cheats, and thosewho committed suicide were particularly vulnerable.What happened after death was also significant,however. A blameless person who was not given aproper funeral could become a jiangshi, and an animalleaping over the corpse could also condemn theunfortunate soul to join the ranks of the undead. Theutmost care had to be taken when preparing thebody for burial, lest the deceaseds spirit was sullied:even leaning over a body was considered risky.
BOUND TO HOPThe name hopping ghost stems from the Chinesetradition of burying the dead in special garments thattied the legs together. The creature, having risen fromthe dead in its funeral garb, would then have to hop
to move around. Another explanation is that the deadwere often transported from the towns where theyworked back to the place of their birth. Carriedupright on bamboo stretchers, the corpses appearedto be bobbing up and down.
FEROCIOUS FIENDThe jiangshis appearance ranged from humanlike togruesome, with a long black tongue and eyeballshanging out of their sockets. Jiangshi were said to be
blind, foul-smelling, and entirely covered with longgreen or white hair. Their incredibly long eyebrowscould be used to lasso their victims, who would thenbe ripped limb from limb and devoured.
VANQUISHING A VAMPIREMany folk tales and legends featured the jiangshiusually, unsuspecting travelers would disturb thecreatures rest and meet a horrible fate. There wereways to keep the creature at bay, though. Loudnoises, such as thunder, could kill them. Straw andchicken blood would repel them, garlic burned theirskin, and piles of sticky rice would snare them. Theyliked to count, so red peas were a useful distraction.Many stories featured a mythical figure called ZhongKui, who battled the fearsome jiangshi. Cheated outof first place in his civil service exams, he was saidto have committed suicide in front of the Imperial
Palace. The emperor honored him with an imperialburial, and out of gratitude Zhong Kui s spirit promisedto rid the world of ghosts and demons with hismagic sword. His fierce image is often painted onChinese houses as a talisman of good luck.
Jiangshi CHINESE HOPPING GHOSTS Covered in hair, with razor-sharp talons and daggerlike teeth,these lost souls are often called Chinese vampires. Named jiangshi,or hopping ghosts, they would attack at night, leaping from theirgraves to suck the life force from their hapless victims.
8/13/2019 The Vampire Book (Gnv64)
47/95
45
l i i
8/13/2019 The Vampire Book (Gnv64)
48/95
46
Flying
Fire
The islands of the Caribbean have many myths of creatures that
feed on blood, but the most common is the legend of the vampirewitch. During the day, she lives unnoticed in the community, butat night, she transforms to wreak terror on her neighbors.
AND CARIBBEAN CRONES
SKINLESS HAGIn Jamaica, she is known as Olhigue, or
old suck. During the day, Olhigue lookslike a frail old woman, but at night thisseemingly harmless spinster sheds her skinand turns into a flying ball of fire on thelookout for blood, particularly that of newbornbabies. Once she has located her prey, thehideous creature shifts back into an oldwoman, but without her skin, and sucks thebabys blood. If anyone in the communitysuspected a woman was such a creature,
the children would cry ole higue at her andmake chalk marks on her door. A trap wouldbe set beside the cot of potential victimsa simple heap of rice grains and the scentof a spice called asafoetida. Together theseitems could cast a spell on the witch,compelling her to count each grain of rice. Ifdawn broke before she could return to herskin, the enraged locals would pounce onher and beat her to death.
PACT WITH THE DEVILGrenadas version of the monster is calledthe Lagaroo or Loogaroo. The Lagaroo is inleague with the Devil. She can perform magic,but only if she pays the Devil in blood every
night. She is forced to seek the blood ofothers, because if she gave her own she
would die. She looks like a sweet old grandmain daylight hours, but at night she sheds herskinusually leaving it under a Devil Tree,a silk cotton treeto become a flying ball offlame that haunts the night. After she hascollected enough blood, she can return to herskin and change back into human form. Ifher skin is taken away from the Devil Tree sothat she cannot find it, she will perish.
SALT HER SKINTrinidads vampire witch is called a Soucouyant.This old woman also sheds her skin at nightand travels as a bright ball of light, searchingout sleeping victims. Two little bite marks leftside by side on the skin are a telltale sign ofa nocturnal visit by a Soucouyant. If you knowthe identity of the crone, the solution issimple. After she leaves her house at night,
her skin must be taken and rubbed with saltand pepper. The agony this causes leads herto cease her evil doings. Otherwise, the onlyrecourse is to beat the flying flame violentlywith sticks. The next morning a womanlooking battered and bruised would berevealed as the Soucouyant.
8/13/2019 The Vampire Book (Gnv64)
49/95
47
MonstersGODS AND
8/13/2019 The Vampire Book (Gnv64)
50/95
48
MonstersFor the ancient peoples of South and CentralAmerica, blood-drinking creatures held greatpower. For some, these strange beings
were the remnants of evil spirits whowere hostile to mankind. For others,they were important deities,to be feared andworshipped.
OF SOUTH AND CENTRAL AMERICA
CIHUATETEOThe Aztecs of Mexico believed in a vampire spiritcalled Cihuateteo. A woman who had died inchildbirth, she returned after death to plague theliving, especially infants. People would leave herofferings of blood in the hope that she wouldspare their children.
ASEMAThe Asema of Surinam was a kind of livingvampire, an old man or woman who could takeoff its skin and become a ball of light at night.After it found its sleeping victim, it would revertto human form to feed on his or her blood.
8/13/2019 The Vampire Book (Gnv64)
51/95
49
JARACACAThe Jaracaca of Brazilian mythology does drink
blood, but it prefers human milk. Taking on the
form of a snake, it slides through the jungle
unobserved and stalks nursing mothers. Its spit
and venom cause insanity, so it is greatly feared.
LOBISHOMENTiny in stature, the Lobishomen of Brazilian
folklore resembled a bald-headed monkey. A kind
of blood-sucking werewolf, it was hunch-backedwith bloodless lips, yellow skin, and black teeth.
Padded feet helped it creep up quietly on the
women it would attack.
CAMAZOTZThe Maya of Central America worshipped a deity
called Camazotz. He had the body of a man and
the head and wings of a bat and presided over
the cycle of crops. Powerful and malignant, he
was thirsty for blood and lurked in caves.
PISHTACONative to Peru, the Pishtaco does
not immediately feed off blood. First
it gorges on fat, and only when sateddoes it move on to drink blood. This
creature operated at night and could
take on the form of a vampire bat.
8/13/2019 The Vampire Book (Gnv64)
52/95
hl
hse
oulao,a s
tr.
8/13/2019 The Vampire Book (Gnv64)
53/95
a oh
h o nt
r l
ue
The Vampire: His Kith and Kin, Montague Summers
8/13/2019 The Vampire Book (Gnv64)
54/95
8/13/2019 The Vampire Book (Gnv64)
55/95
The vampire that we are familiar with first took shape in the folklore ofEastern Europe. Isolated village communities blamed the spread ofdisease and crop failure on the undead, who they believed rose fromtheir graves to suck the blood of the living. Stories of hysterical
villagers digging up and staking bodies began to spread west, sparkingthe imagination of writers and poets. In the fiction of the 19th century,the slobbering ghoul of myth was transformed into the cruel Countamonster with a more human face, but with an intent just as evil.
Vampire
Rise of the
d l
8/13/2019 The Vampire Book (Gnv64)
56/95
54
PAGAN BELIEFSFolk belief in the vengeful dead had
existed in Europe long before the Christian
Church came to prominence, and it was
often linked to witchcraft and sorcery. In
the Middle Ages, many peasants still held
to these pagan ideas. The Church wanted
to end paganism and witchcraft andbegan to absorb elements of these
beliefs, explaining them instead as the
work of Satan.
Good vs.EvilIn Medieval Europe, death and disease were often attributedto revenantsthe dead who rise from their graves. As the ChristianChurch gained in strength, it explained these undead creatures asthe work of the Devil. By incorporating them into Christian teachingsabout sin and the afterlife, the Church strengthened beliefs in therestless dead and emphasized the triumph of good over evil.
REVENANTS AND THE CHRISTIAN CHURCH
POWER OF THE CROSS
8/13/2019 The Vampire Book (Gnv64)
57/95
55
WILLIAM OF NEWBURGHStories of revenants were committedto print by many Christian chroniclers.One of these was William of Newburgh,a 12th-century English churchman andhistorian. In his History of EnglishAffairs,he included accounts of peoplereturning from the dead to plague
their neighbors.
SACRED RITESThe Christian faith involves bloodrituals of its own. When Christianscelebrate the Eucharist, or HolyCommunion, they eat bread and drinkwine that represent the body and bloodof Jesus Christ. This commemorates
the Last Supper and is thought tobestow Gods grace upon believers.
POWER OF THE CROSSThe Church believed it alone had
the power to rid communities ofrevenants. Priests were uniquelyplaced to fight these minions ofthe Devil. The crucifix, symbolizingthe Christian faith and theresurrection of Jesus Christ, andholy water, blessed by a priest,were all that were needed to forceout evil.
8/13/2019 The Vampire Book (Gnv64)
58/95
Vampire
s
Inthe16thand17th
centuries,
thecoun
triesofEasternEuropewererife
with
myths
ofblood-
drinking
revenants.
These
horrifi
c
reanimated
corpseslatercametobeknownasva
mpires.
InRomania
andSlovakia,
beliefinthem
was
sostrong
thatgravesweredesecrat
edandbodies
stakedinaneffort
torootthemo
ut.O
FEASTERNEUROPE
56
H whyapersonwould
seventhsonbornto
oomedtoanafterlife
withteethoracaul
imilarlyfated.Others
werethosewithred
des,andthosewho
8/13/2019 The Vampire Book (Gnv64)
59/95
THERESTLESSDEAD
Inther
uralc
ommunitiesofRomania
andSlovakia,p
eople
helds
trong
beliefs
about
thew
alking
dead.When
misfortune,disease,orfoodshortagesstruck,these
wereo
ftenattributedtothedecea
sedwho,unableto
restin
theirgraves,h
adrisenuptoinflicte
vilontheir
neighbors.Knownvariouslyasstrig
oiandmoroi,these
creaturesweresaidtoprowlatn
igh
tandfeedonblood.
Littlem
orethanreanimatedcorpses,t
heywerebloated
andsw
ollenwithreddishskinand
staringeyes.
Once
human,indeaththesepeopleha
dbecomehideous-
looking
monsters.Whensomeone
wassuspectedof
beingavampire,
localswoulddig
upthebody.
Ifthe
corpse
seemedsuspiciouslyfresh-lo
oking,ortherewere
trickles
ofbloodatt
hemouthand
nose,thiswastaken
asconfirmation.F
rightenedvillagers
wouldthrusta
stake
throughthebodyorremovethehe
artandburnit.
57
PRE
VENTIONBETTERTH
ANCURE
InRo
mania,arelativeofthedece
asedwouldcarrywine
and
breadtothegravetoapp
easethecorpseand
preventvampiricactivity.Slovakia
nswouldsendelderly
wom
entothecemeterytostick
fivehawthornpegsor
oldknivesintothegrave,oneat
thepositionofthe
dece
asedschestandtheotherfo
ura
teachlimbtopin
downavampireattemptingto
risefrom
thegrave.
Weig
hingtheeyesdownwithc
oins,
tyingthemouth
closed,orstuffingthemouthwithgarlicwerealso
commonpractices.Ifthisfailed
,thepeasantswould
send
foradhampir.S
aidtobehalf-vampire,h
alf-human,
dham
pirswereuniquelycapableo
fcombattingvampires
andwouldusestakes,d
ecapitatio
n,g
arlic,holysymbols,
andfiretodestroythemonster.
FA
TEWORSETHANDE
ATH
Th
ereweremanytheoriesas
tow
be
comeavampire.I
nRomania,thes
aseventhsonwasthoughtt
ob
edo
as
oneoftheundead.Babiesborn
(m
embrane)overtheirheadsweresi
wh
owerethoughtt
obesuscep
tible
hair
andblueeyes,
criminals,suicid
did
notreceiveaproperfunera
l.
VAMPIRE
Hysteria
8/13/2019 The Vampire Book (Gnv64)
60/95
58
Vampire legends were everywhere in Eastern Europe,but the outside world only began to take an interest whenthe stories were officially investigated and reported innewspapers. The gruesome tales soon spread, andEurope went vampire crazy.
HITS EUROPEHysteria
8/13/2019 The Vampire Book (Gnv64)
61/95
59
8/13/2019 The Vampire Book (Gnv64)
62/95
60
8/13/2019 The Vampire Book (Gnv64)
63/95
8/13/2019 The Vampire Book (Gnv64)
64/95
62
GOODLADY
DUCAYNEM E BRADDON1896
CARMILLA
SHERIDAN LE FANU1872
VARNEYTHE VAMPIREOR, THE FEAST OF BLOOD
JAMES MALCOLM RYMER1840
THE BRIDEOF THE
ISLESJ R PLANCH1820
THEVAMPYRE;
A TALEJOHN POLIDORI1819
8/13/2019 The Vampire Book (Gnv64)
65/95
63
Gothic Horror THE FIRST VAMPIRE LITERATURE
The vampire stories that emerged from Eastern Europe inthe 18th century fed the rumor mills in Paris and London. But itwasnt until the early 19th century that vampires first
appeared in fiction, satisfying the publics appetite for Gothichorror. No longer bloated corpses, these vampires werearistocratic, pale, and romantic.
A VAMPYRIC TALEThe first vampire novel was dreamed up in 1816 during aghost-writing session near Lake Geneva, Switzerland, betweenwriter Mary Shelley and Romantic poet Lord Byron. Shelleycame up with Frankenstein, which became another classic ofthe horror genre, while Byron began a tale of an aristocrat whodies in Turkey and promises to return from the dead. Byronnever finished the work, but his physician, Dr. John Polidori,did. Published in 1819, The Vampyre featured Lord Ruthven, anobleman with a thirst for blood and more than a trace ofByrons own dashing but dangerous persona.
RUTHVEN TREADS THE BOARDSPolidoris tale was adapted for the stage in 1820 byJ. R. Planch as The Vampire, or The Bride of the Isles. Amongthe many embellishments of the story, the setting wastransferred to Scotland and Lord Ruthven appeared on stagein a kilt and tam-o-shanter. A specially built trapdoor, stillknown in the theater as a vampire trap, allowed the vampireto rise up from his tomb through the stage floor, terrifying an
audience unused to such technical tricks.
THE NEVERENDING STORYThe next landmark vampire story was a serialized publicationthat ran to 868 pages, divided into 220 chapters. Issued in luridcolors, it told of the distinctly repetitive adventures of Sir FrancisVarney. In each chapter, Varney tries to seduce an innocent girl,before the locals realize he is a vampire and go after him.Eventually, Varney commits suicide by jumping into a volcano.
The first literary vampire to have fangs, Varney was
also the first to shape-shift into a wolf, have hypnotic powersand superhuman strength, and be virtually indestructible.
FEMME FATALEIn 1872, Irish writer Sheridan Le Fanu offered a new take on thegenre by making his lead character female. Carmilla appears tobe young but is actually a 200-year-old aristocrat. She befriendsa young girl named Laura, who slowly wastes away. Family and
friends finally put two and two together, and after locatingCarmillas tomb, they strike her head from her body and stakeher through the heart. Possessed of amazing strength, Carmillacan shape-shift, stalking her prey in the form of a black cat. Ina twist that soon became familiar in vampire fiction, Le Fanuslead character was at once horrifying and intensely desirable.
GOOD LADY, BAD BLOODLETTINGMary Elizabeth Braddons short story Good Lady Ducayne,
published in 1896, brought the vampire tale right up to date.Young Bella Rolleston, who needs a job but has no qualifications,is hired as a companion to the amiable Lady Ducayne. Heremployers previous companions have mysteriously wastedaway and died, while the ancient lady seems to thrive. On avisit to Italy, Bella, too, begins to weaken. Fortunately, her friendStafford realizes that Lady Ducayne has been siphoning off theyoung girls blood to keep her alive, using the new medicalprocess of transfusion to transfer their blood into her ownveins in an attempt to become young and beautiful again.
8/13/2019 The Vampire Book (Gnv64)
66/95
64
B
ram Stoker was born in Ireland in 1847.He was a sickly child, and his imaginationwas fired up by the gruesome folk taleshis mother would tell at his bedside to
amuse him. As an adult, he moved to Londonand became the business manager of the famousLyceum Theatre. To the outside world, he was ajovial man, but inside he was preoccupied with
disturbing thoughts. It is said that anightmare of being attacked bythree vampiric women gave him
the idea for a novel...
Stoker had already written afew horror stories, but thiswas to be very different.He spent years reading
everything he could onvampiresfrom folk myths to
novels such as The Vampyre and Carmilla. Hetraveled to the English seaside town of Whitby,
where he talked to local fishermen aboutshipwrecks. In Whitbys library, he found a bookon the old Romanian state of Wallachia, whichmentioned the Carpathian Mountains and thebloody history of Vlad the Impaler. All the whilehe was surrounded by theatricality, working atthe Lyceum with the famous Victorian actor, SirHenry Irving, whose physical characteristics andmannerisms inspired Stokers central character.
Draculawas finally published in June 1897. Toldthrough a series of letters and diary entries, thestory revolved around Count Dracula, abeautifully dressed aristocrat who lives in agloomy castle. He is a creature from the past,more than 400 years old, who claims to be adescendent of Attila the Hun. Drawing onEastern European myths, Stoker made hisblood-drinking villain repelled by garlic andreligious artifacts, able to shape-shift, onlycapable of entering a house when invited, andvulnerable to a stake through the heart. From
his own imagination, Stoker endowed hiscreation with enormous strength and the abilityto crawl up walls.
When the book was first released, it received amixed response. Some reviewers found itdistasteful, and Stoker made little money fromit in his lifetime. But with its transition tothe stage, and subsequently film, the
book became a huge success. Bythe 1940s, it had sold more than amillion copies, and since then ithas never been out of print. Bymaking the myth morebelievable to a modernaudience, Bram Stokercatapulted the vampire to awhole new level of fame.
BRAM STOKERAND THE MOST
INFLUENTIAL HORROR STORY EVER WRITTEN
Londons Lyceum Theatre
Bram asa boy
DRACULA: THE STORY IN BRIEF
8/13/2019 The Vampire Book (Gnv64)
67/95
65
Bram Stokers novel opens with the journey ofyoung lawyer Jonathan Harker, who has been sentto visit the mysterious Count Draculaat his castle in remote Transylvania.While helping him finalize thepurchase of a house in England,Jonathan is at first charmed by theCount. However, he soon finds that he
is imprisoned in the creepy castle andthat his host is, in fact, a vampire.
With the young lawyer incarcerated,Dracula sets off for England onboard a ship called theDemeter. Onthe journey, all the crew perish in unexplainedcircumstances and the ship runs aground on theEnglish coast at Whitby, Yorkshire, where
Jonathans fiance Mina Murray and her friendLucy Westenra happen to be staying. Lucy fallsprey to the vampire and, on her return toLondon, begins to waste away. Her fianc,Arthur Holmwood, and two former suitors,
Dr Seward and QuinceyMorris, are determined to
save her and callon the assistanceof Professor VanHelsing. When Lucydies, Van Helsing realizesthat she has become a vampire and
helps the men put an end to her.
In Dr Sewards asylum, locatednear Carfax Abbey, Draculas newhome, the inmate Renfield begins toact in increasingly strange ways.
Van Helsing, Mina, Jonathan (who has escapedfrom Transylvania), Arthur, Quincey, and Sewardcome together to hunt for the vampire. But the
malevolent Count has made Mina his next victim.The men pursue Dracula back to Transylvania,where in a final battle they stab him through theheart and decapitate him killing him once andfor all and freeing Mina from his clutches.
__________________________________________ ___________________________________________ .___________________________________________ _________________________________________
Count Dracula:A nobleman and powerful vampire.
Jonathan Harker:A young lawyer from London, he is
sent to Transylvania to advise Dracula on a property deal.
Mina Murray: Jonathans fiance, later his wife.
Lucy Westenra: Minas best friend. She falls under
Draculas spell and becomes one of the undead.
professor Abraham Van Helsing: A Dutch scientist
and vampire expert, he leads the fight against Dracula.
Dr. John Seward:The doctor who runs the asylum that
becomes the headquarters for the vampire-fighting team.
Arthur Holmwood: Becomes Lucys fianc and finances
the vampire hunt.
Quincey P. Morris:A rich young American. He is in love
with Lucy and is committed to the fight against Dracula.
R. M. Renfield:An inmate in Dr. Sewards insane asylum.
He hails Dracula as his Master.
List of key characters
Carfax Abbey, where Dracula sets up home
The evilCount
8/13/2019 The Vampire Book (Gnv64)
68/95
e h
8/13/2019 The Vampire Book (Gnv64)
69/95
o. y
tbiI eltn
t ps
ssf ranthstsrh
Dracula,Bram Stoker
ImpalerVLAD THE
8/13/2019 The Vampire Book (Gnv64)
70/95
68
ImpalerRuler of the mountainous principality of Wallachia, aregion of modern-day Romania, Vlad Dracula was abloody tyrant who struck fear into the hearts of hisown people. Bram Stoker used his name for his famousfictional villain, though many believe the novel owesVlads violent legend even more.
VLAD THE BADBorn in 1431, Vlad Dracula had a turbulent upbringing,spending much of his boyhood as a hostage of theOttoman Empire. He came to the throne in 1448, buthis reign was interrupted twice before his death in1476. He is regarded as one of the cruelest rulers inhistory, coming to be known as Vlad Tepes (pronouncedtse-pesh), which means the impaler.
THE REAL DRACULA
MURDEROUS PRINCEDuring his reign, Vlad massacred anyone who got in
his way, including women, children, and the sick. As
his nickname suggests, his favorite method of dealing
with his enemies was to impale them on blunt wooden
stakes. It is said that he killed thousands in this way.
8/13/2019 The Vampire Book (Gnv64)
71/95
69
TWO SIDES TO THE TALEDespite these bloody tales, Vlad is remembered as a
national hero in Romania. He defended his territory
against the onslaught of foreign powers and, while
bloodthirsty, was said to have been a just ruler. During
his reign Wallachia, was almost crime-free as his
subjects knew they would pay a terrible price for any
misdemeanors. According to one legend, Vlad left a
golden cup by a fountain in a public square. Many
used it, but it was never stolen.
BathorELIZABETH
8/13/2019 The Vampire Book (Gnv64)
72/95
70
y THE BLOOD COUNTESSIn the 1600s, tales emerged of amurderous Hungarian aristocrat.For years, Countess ElizabethBathory maintained theappearance of normality,while inside her castleshe was torturing andmurdering manyinnocent girls.
NOBLE BIRTHElizabeth Bathory came from
one of the richest and most
powerful families in the
Kingdom of Hungary. She was
descended from Transylvanian
aristocrats and at the age of
15 married Count Ferenc
Ndasdy, a Hungarian militaryleader. The couple lived in
Csejthe Castle in northwest
Hungary (in present-day Slovakia).
With her husband often away,
Elizabeth was left to manage the
business affairs of the estate.
BLOOD BATHLegend has it that Elizabeth was a vain
woman and used all kinds of oils to
preserve her skin. One day, the story goes,
she hit a servant girl and drew blood, which
then dripped onto her skin. As she wiped it
away, she thought the skin looked fresher and
younger. So it was that the Countess developed
her obsession with blood and concocted a vile
scheme to obtain it in huge quantities.
ACCOMPLICESWith the help of a small group of servantssomeof whom were said to have links with witchcraft andsorcerythe Countess lured peasant girls from thesurrounding countryside to the castle with the promise of
k O i id th i l bj t d t i h t t
8/13/2019 The Vampire Book (Gnv64)
73/95
71
work. Once inside, the girls were subjected to inhuman torturebefore being brutally murdered. When the supply of local girls
began to run out, Elizabeth offered to teach social graces toyoung women from noble families. The disappearance
of poor servant girls had passed largely unnoticed,but when ladies began to go missing, word of
the suspicious happenings spread, eventuallyreaching King Mathias of Hungary.
GRUESOME DISCOVERYA raid on the castle in late December1610 uncovered an underground torturechamber, its walls spattered withblood, with bones and other humanremains on the ground, along withthe clothing and belongings ofmissing girls. Elizabeth wasaccused of killing 80 girls, though
there was speculation that shewas responsible for many moredeaths. As a noblewoman, shewas never tried for her crimes,though her accomplices wereexecuted. Instead, she waswalled up in her bedroom inCsejthe Castle, where she wasfound dead four years later.
LEGENDElizabeth Bathorys crimes areshocking enough, but over theyears they have been embellishedand turned into gruesome legend.In many retellings, the number of
victims slaughtered reaches morethan 600, and the Countesss sadism
is explained as a lust for blood, which
she bathes in and even drinks. That thishorror story involves a Transylvanian
aristocrat has led many people to speculatethat Bram Stoker may have read about
Elizabeth Bathory and used her story asinspiration for his novel. Though there is no proof
of this, there is always a possibility that the characterof Dracula was in fact based on a woman.
8/13/2019 The Vampire Book (Gnv64)
74/95
8/13/2019 The Vampire Book (Gnv64)
75/95
Dracula dragged vampires into a new era. They were still deadly, but ratherthan repulsive they became suave and sophisticated. Since then, vampireshave continued to evolve. They are younger, more attractive, and moremorally complex. They have gained new powers and can defy many of the oldcharms and tricks that once kept them at bay. In the fiction of the 21st
century, some vampires are battling their very nature to resist their cravingfor human blood in order to live side by side with humans.
ModernMyth
The
Some of the very first horror movies ever made were about
HorrorA CENTURY OF SCREEN
8/13/2019 The Vampire Book (Gnv64)
76/95
74
Some of the very first horror movies ever made were aboutvampires, and many featured Dracula, or a characterbased on the famous Count. Since the days of black-and-white movies, screen vampires have changed many timesto suit the audience of the day.
NOSFERATU1922
Consideredone
ofthe
scariest-ever Dracula movies,
thisGermanclassicwas the
first film to be based on
BramStokersnovel.However,
themoviewasmadewithout
thepermission of Stokers
estate, so the namesof the
characterswerechangedand
vampiresbecamenosferatu.
Max Schrek starred as the
creepyCountOrlok,whohad
agrotesque,ratlikeappearance
andnoneofDraculascharm.
DRACULA1931This was the first vampire talkie.DirectedbyTodBrowning,itstarredBela Lugosi as the Count, whoseHungarianaccent,cape,andslicked-back hair became Dracula clichs.Lugosis Dracula was elegant anddebonairanddidnthavefangs.
8/13/2019 The Vampire Book (Gnv64)
77/95
75
HOUSEOFDRACULA1945InthisAmericanmovie,DraculaliveswithFrankensteinsmo
nsterandtheWolfman.PlayedbyJohnCarradine,Dracula is seeking a cure for hisaffliction. In a scientific twist, hisvampirism is attributed to strangeparasitesinhabitinghisbloodstream.
DRACULASDAUGHTER1936Thefirstactual sequeltoaDracula
movie picks up the story a few
moments after Draculaends.Directed
by Lambert Hillyer, it features the
Countsdaughter,whohasinherited
her fatherslove of blood.
VAMPYR1932Based loosely on Sheridan Le Fanu
s
short story Carmilla, Vampyr is a
French-German art movie telling the
storyofanoldwomanrevealedtobea
vampireinleaguewiththevillagedoctor.
Shemeetsher endbybeingstakedwithanironpole.
HORROROFDRACULA1958Starring Christopher Lee, the firstcolorversionofStokersnoveltookDraculafromcastletobachelorpadand reached a new generation offans.Leeworespeciallensesthatturnedhiseyesred.
BRAMSTROKERS
DRACULA1992Inatwistontheoriginal book,MinafallsinlovewithDracula,freeinghimfromhiscursesothathecandieinpeace.GaryOldmansDraculaappearsinturnhandsomeandyoungandthenwizenedwithage, transformingintoahideousgreenmonsterwhenangry.
DRACULA1979SubtitledAlovestory, thisadaptationalteredmuchoftheplotofthenovelto play up the romance. Lucy andCount Dracula have an ill-fated loveaffair. To make him more believable,FrankLangellasCounthadnof
angsorcoloredcontactlenses.
8/13/2019 The Vampire Book (Gnv64)
78/95
76
DarkAngels VAMPIRES COME OF AGE
8/13/2019 The Vampire Book (Gnv64)
79/95
77
gVampires today are almost unrecognizable as the samecreatures that featured in so many old Dracula movies.
In the 21st century, vampires are no longer thepersonification of evilthey have evolved into complexbeings with hearts, minds, and consciences.
VAMPIRES COME OF AGE
ChildVampires
8/13/2019 The Vampire Book (Gnv64)
80/95
78
ChildVampires
The idea that a childs innocence could be corrupted by vampirismwas once inconceivable. Now, young vampires are everywhere.But while some are vicious, others are making friends, tacklingbullies, and trying to behave themselves.
LONELINESS
For a child vampire, the innocence of childhoodis cut short pretty quickly. As well as beingforced by their nature to feed on blood, theyhave to deal with the realization that whiletheir minds will grow up, their bodies neverwill. In the movie Let the Right One Inbasedon the novel by John Ajvide LindqvistEli(pictured opposite) is a centuries-old vampirechild who lives in a suburb of Stockholm,Sweden. Although Eli has come to terms with
being a vampire, she lives an isolated and sadexistence. Befriending bullied Oskar, a childwho shares her loneliness, she emboldenshim to stand up to his tormentors.
TRAPPEDOne of the firstand most chillingchildvampires was Claudia in Anne Rices VampireChronicles. Claudia has the appearance of ayoung girl. She makes the most of herchildlike appearance and pretends to befrightened and lost. When humans try andhelp her, she kills them. Claudia has a childs
lack of control over her hungershe kills
when she feels like it. Yet, in fact, she is awoman trapped inside a childs body. Hermind matures, but her body does not.Claudia realizes that she will never change,or grow up, yet desperately wants to. ForClaudia, this leads to great unhappiness.
TEENAGE ANGSTNot all child vampires are trapped in this
way or behave like brats who cant controltheir hunger. Many young vampires representthe very oppositeabsolute freedom. Theyhave broken free of controlling parents andcan take care of themselves. These teenagevampires obey no rules but their own, andparents and other authority figures arerarely present. These vampires grow andchange, while struggling with relationshipsand their own identity. From Angel, theyoung vampire in Buffy the Vampire Slayer,to Edward Cullen in Twilight, they are tryingto do the right thingcontrolling themselveslest they endanger others.
8/13/2019 The Vampire Book (Gnv64)
81/95
79
H
VAMPIRE
8/13/2019 The Vampire Book (Gnv64)
82/95
80
Although these days vampires may have a conscience, those whochoose the dark path pose a huge menace. The vampire hunteror
slayeris our protector in the struggle of good over evil. Asvampires have evolved, so too have those who stalk and stake them.
Hunters
8/13/2019 The Vampire Book (Gnv64)
83/95
81
8/13/2019 The Vampire Book (Gnv64)
84/95
82
Falling inLove
8/13/2019 The Vampire Book (Gnv64)
85/95
83
Fllg inL
Vampires in literature have long been figures of fantasyinspiring
a mixture of horror, awe, and fascination. Todays vampire hero isincreasingly sympatheticless of a murderous villain and morean object of affection, possessing all the powers and instincts of apredator, but with an unmistakably human heart.
TWILIGHT
The vampires in Stephenie Meyers Twilightseries have captured the hearts of many readers.The central family of vampiresthe Cullenshave chosen to drink only animal blood and livein human society. The Cullens appeal is basedon their aloof manner and the air of mysterysurrounding them, their artistic accomplishments,andnot leasttheir astonishing physicalbeauty. This series of four novels is based onthe life of Bella Swan, a teenager who moves to
Forks, Washington, and falls in love with thegorgeous Edward Cullen, who happens to be avampire. He tries to resist his feelings towardBella, constantly waging war against his baserinstincts. While he loves her and doesnt want toharm her, Edward is also deeply attracted to thescent of Bellas blood. He is a 17-year-old whohas been alive since 1901 and behaves like
an old fashioned gentleman. He opens cardoors, pulls out chairs, and defends a girls
honor in front of classroom bullies. What girlcould resist?
FORBIDDEN LOVECharacters like Edward Cullen have transformedthe vampire from satanic monster into modern-day hero. This transformation began when avery different take on the vampire appeared.
Lestat in Interview with a Vampireis one of theboldest and most attractive vampires in fiction.
In Anne Rices novels, he is described as tall,
with blond hair and gray eyes that absorb thecolors blue or violet from surfaces around them.Lestat is known for being rash, rebellious, andseductive. Characters like Lestat are dangerous,but their menace only adds to their appeal,perhaps because we humans are naturallyattracted to things that are forbidden.
INHUMAN HEARTTHROBS
With vampires like these, its easy to see whyhumans fall in love with them. They arentdemons hissing at crucifixes, seducing girls andturning them from righteousness to evil. Thesevampires have a sense of right and wrongwhats more, they can defy death, obliteratetheir enemies, and stay up all night, all whilstlooking impossibly handsome. Their centuries-old eyes gaze out from youthful bodies,fascinating us with their strangeness. They have
an air of mystery and power and are capableof deep emotions. Vampires can be especiallyappealing to those who feel different,resonating in particular with adolescents, whooften feel alienated, misunderstood, and alone.Vampires show very human characteristicssuch as neediness, vulnerability, and pridebuthave superhuman capabilities. Today, there aremany who are happy to accept the vampires
heart as something more than a receptacle fora wooden stake.
WITH THE UNDEAD
8/13/2019 The Vampire Book (Gnv64)
86/95
ot
d pE ie
yy y e
nf
Twilight,Stephenie Meyer
8/13/2019 The Vampire Book (Gnv64)
87/95
ampires are
forever.
They change and adapt
with each new generation,
i i th ti E l t l
V
8/13/2019 The Vampire Book (Gnv64)
88/95
86
mirroring the times. Early tales
of revenants, for example,
were often connected to religion
and spiritual beliefs. They reflectedpeoples concerns about death and the
afterlife. Then, with the many advances
in science during the 20th century, came scientific
explanations for the vampires conditionit was
caused by parasitesin thebloodor was the result
of some genetic mutation. Deceptively similar to humans,
vampires remain araceapart. In some tales, vampires inhabit
their own mythic world, which makes little reference to human
history. In others, the vampire becomes an entirely separate species,
one that has evolved alongside our own. But it is thisdifference
that gives vampires their unique appeal and staying power, since it lets us
delve into the possibilities, with a thrillor two along the way. Vampire
stories help us explore our fears surrounding death, love, compulsion, andthe need to belong. They help us deal with concerns and indulge our fantasies.
As long as we have fears and ideas, the vampire will continue to adapt. The vampires
evolution is far from over. . .
8/13/2019 The Vampire Book (Gnv64)
89/95
Vampiresareforever
Fiction
Charnas, Suzy McKeeThe Vampire Tapestry, Orb Books,2008
door to Oskar. There is something odd
about her, and she only comes out atnight Made into an award-winning
Swedish film, directed by Tomas
Alf d
vampire state is described as both
a curse and a blessing. Starting withInterview with the Vampire (1976),
the 10-book series ends with
Bl d C ticl (2003)
More to explore
8/13/2019 The Vampire Book (Gnv64)
90/95
88
2008Vampire Edward Weyland finds himself
too involved with the demands of
modern society and is forced to
hibernate to recover his wild mentality.
Curtis Klause, AnnetteThe Silver Kiss,Delacorte PressBooks for Young Readers, 2007Zoe is 16 and facing bereavement: her
mother is dying of cancer, and her father
seems to be excluding her from her
mothers hospital bedside. Isolated by
fear, Zoe meets the enigmatic Simon, a
vampire who has an uncanny ability to
recognize her feelings.
Elrod, P. N.
The Vampire Files, Ace Trade, 2003Investigative journalist Jack Fleming is
murdered. He awakens to find himself
a vampire and sets about tracking down
his killer.
Hahn, Mary DowningLook for Me by Moonlight, Graphia,2008Cynda, staying with her father and his
new wife in their supposedly hauntedMaine inn, falls in love with a mysterious
and handsome guest. But things get
difficult when she discovers Victor is
a vampire and the murderer of the girl
who haunts the inn.
King, StephenSalems Lot, Pocket, 2000Salems Lot is short for Jerusalems Lot,
a small town in Maine, New England,where a vampire named Kurt Barlow
opens a shop and sucks the blood of the
locals, turning them into vampires.
Lindqvist, John AjvideLet the Right One In,St MartinsGriffin, 2008 (U.S.)A new girl called Eli has moved in next
Alfredson.
Martin, George R. R.Fevre Dream, Bantam, 2004A good-hearted vampire from Louisiana
called Joshua tries to persuade his fellow
vampires to change their ways.
Matheson, RichardI Am Legend, Tor Books, 2007In this disaster novel, a disease has
caused everyone on Earth to become
a vampireexcept the protagonist,
Robert Neville.
Mead, RichelleVampire Academy, Razorbill, 2007St. Vladimirs Academy is a boarding
school where vampires are educated in
the ways of magic, and half-human teens
train to protect them. Rose Hathaway is a
dhampir, a bodyguard for her best friend
Lissa, a Moroi Vampire Princess.
Pike, ChristopherThe Last Vampire, Simon Pulse, 1994In this six-part series, Alisa Perne is the
last vampire. Beautiful and brilliant, she
hunts alone, living among humans,sucking their blood. But someone is
stalking her and wants her dead.
Rees, CeliaBlood Sinister, Scholastic Books, 2007Sixteen-year-old Ellen is dying, and
no one knows why. Sent to visit her
grandmother, she learns some startling
truths when she discovers the diary of
her great-grandmother and reads thestory of her life, which appears strangely
linked to her own.
Rice, AnneThe Vampire Chronicles, BallantineBooks, 1976The most influential vampire novels since
Bram Stokers Dracula, in this series the
Blood Canticle (2003).
Saberhagen, FredThe Dracula Tape, Baen, 1999In this response to Bram Stokers classic,
Count Dracula is a good guy who
recounts his version of events.
Schreiber, EllenVampire Kisses, HarperTeen, 2005Sixteen-year-old Raven, an outcast
who always wears black and hopes to
become a vampire some day, falls in
love with the mysterious new boy in
town. She is desperate to find out if he
can make her dreams come true.
Shan, Darren
Cirque du Freak, Little, Brown YoungReader, 2004A 12-book saga featuring Darren, a young
boy who becomes a half-vampire and is
apprenticed to an older vampire.
Somtow, S. P.Vampire Junction,Diplodocus Press,2005A young vampire, Timmy Valentine,
survives the destruction of his town byMount Vesuvius to become a modern
rock star.
Vande Velde, VivianCompanions of the Night, Sandpiper,2002After a late night visit to a laundromat,
Kerry helps a young boy accused of
being a vampire escape from a group of
vigilantes; the trouble is, he really doesturn out to be one of the undead.
8/13/2019 The Vampire Book (Gnv64)
91/95
AdamIn the Christian Bible, the first mancreated by God.
corpseA dead body.
crucifix
Hapsburg EmpireThe empire of the powerful Hapsburgdynasty, a ruling house of Europe. First
established in the 13th century at its peak
Glossary
8/13/2019 The Vampire Book (Gnv64)
92/95
90
apotrope (adj., apotropaic)Objects, such as amulets and talismans,
that are displayed to ward off evil.
aristocratSomeone born into the aristocracy (the
ruling class).
art filmAn independent movie intended to be
considered for its artistic worth, rather
than for its commercial value.
asafoetidaA dried gum that comes from the giant
fennel plant. It has a very pungent garlic
smell when raw.
Attila the HunThe emperor of the Huns (a people
based in modern-day Hungary) from
434 to 453 CE. Attila was a fierce
warrior, with a reputation for cruelty.
AztecsA people from central Mexico of the 14th,
15th, and 16th centuries, who practiced
human sacrifice.
BansheeA fairy of Irish mythology who wails to
foretell the deaths of great men.
Black DeathOutbreak of bubonic plague that killed
millions around the world in the mid-14th
century. Bubonic plague is a deadly
disease caused by the bacteria Yersiniapestisthat results in black swellings in
the armpits and groin and is passed
to humans by the fleas that live on
infected rats.
caulA thin, filmy membrane that sometimes
covers a baby when it is born.
cruc xAn ancient symbol of Jesus on the cross.
It shows the death of Jesus by crucifixion
and is said to scare off vampires.
dark giftA term used in Anne Rices Vampire
Chroniclesto describe the condition of
being a vampire.
deityA god or goddess.
demonAn evil spirit or monster.
fairyA mythical creature often taking human
form, described as having magic powers.
fangsLong pointed canine teeth, used for biting
and tearing. In vampires, the fangs are
the upper canines, used for piercing the
skin of victims to allow their blood to be
sucked out.
folklore
The collection of popular tales andbeliefs, often passed on through word of
mouth, that reflect the history or culture
of a group of people.
Garden of EdenIn the Bible, the place where the first man
and woman, Adam and Eve, lived.
garlicA bulblike plant related to the onion.
GothicAn elaborate architectural style that
flourished during the Middle Ages, used
in many castles of that period. The style
was revived in the late 18th century and
gave its name to a genre of English
fiction that featured tales of mystery or
horror in a dark and macabre setting.
established in the 13th century, at its peak
it controlled the modern-day countries
of Austria, Hungary, Czech Republic,
Slovakia, Slovenia, Croatia, and parts
of many others.
HebrewThe Jewish Holy Language, dating from
around the 6th century BCE.
hypnoticRelating to hypnosiswhen someones
words or actions make you fall into a
trance so that you follow their
suggestions and commands.
immigrantSomeone who is new to a country or area
and chooses to settle there permanently.
immortalLiving in a spiritual or physical form for
all time.
Kingdom of HungaryA state in central Europe that was
established around 1000 and included
Hungary as well as part of modern-day
Romania, Ukraine, and Croatia.
legendA story from the past, sometimes one
popularly supposed to have a historical
basis but which is not verifiable.
MayaA civilization of Mexico and Central
America that existed until conquered by
the Spanish in the early 16th century.
MesopotamiaThis region of southwest Asia between
the Tigris and Euphrates rivers is now in
modern Iraq and Syria. Considered the
cradle of civilization, it was home to
some of the worlds earliest civilizations.
mythA traditional story, often involving
the supernatural.
mythicalExisting only in myths and folktales.
speciesA particular kind of animal or plant.
Members of the same species share
common characteristics.
stakeA wooden stick with a sharp point.
Summers, Montague(18801948)
VoodooA religion practiced in Haiti and the
southern United States, combining the
spiritual beliefs of West African peoples
with Roman Catholicism.
WallachiaA principality situated to the south ofthe Carpathian Mountains, now a part
of Romania. It lasted from the 14th to
8/13/2019 The Vampire Book (Gnv64)
93/95
91
occultInvolving magic and the paranormal.
Ottoman EmpireAlso known as the Turkish Empire, this
was a vast empire that existed between
the 13th and 20th centuries. At its height,
it spanned three continents, including
much of southeastern Europe, the Middle
East, and North Africa.
predatorSomething that hunts, then feeds on,
its prey.
principalityA state ruled by a prince or princess.
regenerativeAble to heal and replace lost or
damaged tissuesto heal wounds
and grow back organs and limbs.
resurrectionComing to life again; returning from
the dead.
revenantA person that has returned from the
dead, including ghosts, zombies, and
vampires. Term used especially in
Medieval Europe to refer to the undead.
Rhode IslandThe smallest state in New England, U.S.A.
shape-shiftThe ability to transform from onephysical form into another.
ShivaHindu god of destruction.
sorcererSomeone who practices magic.
(18801948)Famous vampire expert who wrote
exhaustively on the subject.
supernaturalThings that occur or exist beyond the
realms of scientific understanding.
talkieA motion picture with a synchronized
soundtrack. The first films were silent
there was no technology available to hear
what the actors were saying.
tam-o-shanterA Scottish bonnet worn by men, named
after a character from a famous poem
by Robert Burns. It is made of tartanwool with a bobble in the middle.
TransylvaniaA part of modern-day Romania,
encompassing the Carpathian Mountains.
tuberculosisOften shortened to TB, this infectious
disease used to be very common and
was frequently fatal. It attacks the lungs,
and symptoms include a fever, night
sweats, bloody phlegm, and weight loss.
quarryA person or animal that is being hunted.
undeadBeings that are technically dead, but
behave as if they are alive.
vampire batBats, native to South America, whose
food source is blood. They are active
at night and will sometimes attack
sleeping humans.
R t st t t t
the 19th century.
zombieA dead person who is brought back to
life as a reanimated corpse or mindless
being by voodoo sorcerers, traditionally
from West Africa and Haiti.
A
Abhartach 35Adze 36
Africa 3637
Americas 16, 20, 4849, 6061
CCalmet, Dom Augustin 58
Camazotz 49
Caribbean islands 37, 4647
Carmilla(novel) 63, 64, 75
Carradine, John 75
Cathain 35
cattle 16Celtic legends 3435
Central America 16, 48, 49
ch ti i see
see also Hungary; Romania;
Slovakia; Wallachia
Europe, Western 5859, 63
Ewe tribe 36
eyes 15, 19
Ffairy folk 3435fangs 11, 16
female vampires
fictional 63, 65, 75
invitation 25, 64
Ireland 3435
Irving, Henry 64
JJamaica 46
Jaracaca 49
Jesus Christ 55jiangshi 4445
K
Index
8/13/2019 The Vampire Book (Gnv64)
94/95
92
Angel (fictional character) 78
animals
drinking blood of 16, 23, 77, 83
shape-shifting into 2021, 37, 38,
41, 63
used to track vampires 28
apotropes 2425, 28, 43, 44,
46, 57
appearance 11, 12, 1415, 74,
75, 77
Arabian Desert 3839
artistic talents 23
Asanbosam 36
Asema 48
Ashanti people 36
Asia, Southeast 4243
Assyria 32
Aswang 43Aztecs 16, 48
Bbabies
as vampires 12, 43, 57
as victims 32, 42, 43, 46, 48
Baobhan Sith 34
Bathory, Elizabeth 7071
bats 20, 41, 49
bells 24
Bhutas 41
bites 13, 16
Black Death 54
Bladeseries 81
blood, thirst for 1617, 23
Braddon, Mary Elizabeth 63
Brazil 4849
Brown, Mercy 6061
Buffy: The Vampire Slayer(film and series) 78, 81
bullets, silver 24, 81
Burach Bhaoi 35
burial customs 13, 44, 57
Byron, Lord 63
charms, anti-vampire see
apotropes
children and infants
as vampires 12, 43, 57, 7879
as victims 32, 36, 42, 43, 46, 48
China 4445
Church, Christian 13, 5455
methods of repelling vampires24, 25
Churel 41
Cihuateteo 48
Claudia (fictional character) 78
Communion, Holy 55
corpses 1011, 37, 41, 57
counting, obsession with 24, 44,
46
creation of vampires 1213, 18, 57
cross, sign of the 25, 55Csejthe Castle 7071
Cullen, Edward (fictional character)
78, 83
DDearg-Due 34
decapitation 28
demons 3233, 38, 41
devil 46, 5455dhampirs 57, 81
disease 16, 54, 61
dogs 21, 28
Dracula (novel) 6467, 68, 69, 71
films based on 7475
Dracula, Vlad see Vlad the Impaler
Draculas Daughter(film) 75
Dragon, Order of the 69
drama, Gothic 63
EEgypt, ancient 16, 32
Ekimmu 32
Eucharist 55
Europe, Eastern 1011, 14, 28,
5657, 58
dhampirs 57, 81
and Dracula 64
, ,
mythical 3233, 34, 35, 37,
4041, 42, 43, 4647, 48
films, horror 15, 7475, 78
fire 24, 28
Flckinger, Johann 58
flying 19
Frankenstein (novel) 63
Ggarlic 24, 43, 44, 57, 64
Ghana 36
ghouls 3839, 41
Glaistig 34
goddesses 3233, 4041
Good Lady Ducayne
(short story) 63
Gothic novels 11, 14, 6265
grains 24
graves and graveyards 23, 39, 41
prevention of vampires 57
signs of vampires 28
Greece, ancient 33
Green Lady 34
Grenada 46
HHapsburgs 58Haiti 37
Hausa tribe 37
hawthorn 25
hearing 19
Hinduism 41
holy water 25, 28, 55, 81
homes 23
Horror of Dracula(film) 75
House of Dracula(film) 75Hungary