The universe

THE UNIVERSE

What do you know about it?

1. Could you explain what the Universe is?2. How old is it?3. How was it formed?4. What is in the Universe? 5. Which units of measurement do we use to study the Universe?6. What do scientists think about the Universe’s future?

WHAT IS IN THE UNIVERSE?

STARS

• Celestial bodies which produce light due to nuclear reactions in their core.

• Our star is called The Sun, and it is middle-aged.

• It was formed 4.500 million years ago.

• It is made up of hydrogen.• It will die as soon as all its

hydrogen run off.

PLANETSCelestial bodies which orbit a star. Our planet is called The Earth.

•It is 4.500 million years old.•It takes 365 days to orbit the Sun.•It is also known as “The Blue Planet” because the great amount of water it contains.

SATELLITES• The satellite which

orbits the Earth is called The Moon.

• Cellestial small bodies which orbit a planet.

• They do not produce light, but they can be seen because of light from the stars.

WHAT IS THE UNIVERSE LIKE?

THE SOLAR SYSTEM• It is made up of a star (The Sun), and the planets which orbit

it. Besides, we can find moons, asteroids and comets.

Orbit Speeds

Relative Size

ASTEROIDS

• Rocky bodies smaller than planets and with no spherical shape.

• In our system they are located between Mars and Jupiter.

• Sometimes they get out of their orbit, travelling through the space, and colliding planets or moons.

COMETS

• Cosmic snow balls of frozen gases, rocks and dust.• When they orbit closer to the Sun, they heat up and

spews dust ang gases into a giant glowing head.

GALAXIES• They are groups of systems

(stars and planets orbiting them).

• Our galaxy is called Milky Way.

• It is a spiral-shaped galaxy.• The Solar Sistem is found in

the Orion Arm.• There are about 300.000

millions stars in the Milky Way.

THE SOLAR SYSTEMPLANETS

INNER PLANETS

• They are made up of rocky material.• They are nearer the Sun than outer planets.• They are Mercury, Venus, Earth and Mars.• They are smaller than outer planets.

OUTER PLANETS

• They are made of gas.• They are farther away

from the Sun.• They are bigger than

inner planets.• They are Jupiter, Saturn,

Uranus and Neptune.

HOW DO PLANETS MOVE?

Rotation – Revolution

CONSTELLATIONS• A constellation is a

group of stars that, when seen from Earth, form a pattern.

• Actually, they are really far apart in space.

• The stars in the sky are divided into 88 constellations.