The Unique Properties of a Novel Fast Fusing Cyclohexanoate Plasticizer
The Unique Properties of a Novel Fast Fusing Cyclohexanoate
Plasticizer
Discussion
• What are Fast Fusing Plasticizers?
• What are Cyclohexanoates Fast Fusing Plasticizers?
• How are Cyclohexanoates unique in the markets of:
– Automotive Synthetic leather
– Automotive Foam applications
– Wear Layer Flooring
– Wire and Cable
• Conclusions
3
Four Types of Plasticizers
1. General Purpose
• Phthalate vs Non-phthalate
2. High Solvating
• Phthalate vs Non-phthalate
3. Specialty – for specific performance attributes
• Low Temperature Flexibility
• Outdoor Weathering
• FDA approvals
• Flame Retardancy
4. Secondary
• Primarily used to improve processing
or lowering cost
4
What is a high solvating plasticizer?
• Generally faster fusing
• Highly efficient
• Used for ease of processing
• Help to compatibilize resin systems
High Solvator Phthalates• Diisobutyl Phthalate• Butyl Benzyl Phthalate• C7-9 Alkyl Benzyl Phthalate
High Solvator Non-Phthalates • Benzyl Cyclohexanoates• Benzoates • Alkyl Sulfonic Esters
5
What is a Benzyl Cyclohexanoate?
Santicizer Platinum P-1700MW – 460.9
Structure: Cyclohexanoate, Benzyl Ring, Alcohol
Santicizer Platinum P-1400MW – 318.4
Why use Santicizer® Platinum P-1400 or Santicizer® Platinum P-1700?
Both products are fast fusers.
Santicizer Platinum P-1400 - ease of manufacturing.
• Viscosity stability.
Santicizer Platinum P-1700 – performance
• Retention of properties
• Longer term permanence attributes
– Better Compatibility
– Reduced Exudation
– Better Extraction Resistance
– Lower Volatility
6
Not only is a fast fuser to aid in processing, but Santicizer
Platinum P-1700 has many performance attributes,
specifically when looking at permanence.
7
Why is Santicizer Platinum P-1700 Unique in the Market today?
To show these unique attributes we looked at 4 different applications:➢ Automotive Synthetic Leather➢ Automotive Foam➢ Wear Layer flooring➢ Wire and Cable
Test scenarios include:A general purpose plasticizer relevant to the application
Santicizer Platinum P-1700Santicizer Platinum P-1400DPGDBAlkyl Sulfonic Ester Monobenzoate
Automotive Synthetic Leather
9
Formulation used:
10
Synthetic Leather – Viscosity Stability of Plastisol
The Santicizer Platinum P-1700 is comparable in viscosity stability to the other fast fusing plasticizers tested except the IDB, which acts more like a reducing solvent.
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
Cereplas OTM OTM/Santicizer PlatinumP-1700
OTM/Santicizer PlatinumP-1400
OTM/DPGDB OTM/Alkyl Sulfonic Ester OTM/IDB
(cp
s)
Viscosity Stability
initial 1 day 7 day
11
Synthetic Leather – Fusion Characteristics – Rheometer method
When compared to the 100% OTM, all plasticizers show faster fusion time and temperature.
178
147
120
147140
167
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
Cereplas OTM OTM/SanticizerPlatinum P-1700
OTM/SanticizerPlatinum P-1400
OTM/DPGDB OTM/Alkyl Sulfonic Ester OTM/IDB
Tem
pe
ratu
re (
°C)
Tim
e (
s)
Fusion Time and Temperature
Time temperature
12
Synthetic Leather – Fogging – EN 14288
Better
Santicizer Platinum P-1700 when blended with the Cereplas OTM performs well for fogging at both 1 and 16 hrs. and with in the 60-90% range as specified
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
110
Cereplas OTM OTM/Santicizer PlatinumP-1700
OTM/Santicizer PlatinumP-1400
OTM/DPGDB OTM/Alkyl Sulfonic Ester OTM/IDB
% R
efle
ctan
ce
Fogging
Fogging1 hr
Fogging16 hrs
13
Synthetic Leather – Tensile and Elongation – Before and After Heat Age
Fast Fusers show no differences in elongation before and after heat age except for the IDB, which became brittle.
356.4
329.4
369.9
323.7
350.6 357.6369
353.1 349.2
327.2
362.1
286.6
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
Cereplas OTM OTM/Santicizer Platinum P-1700
OTM/Santicizer Platinum P-1400
OTM/DPGDB OTM/Alkyl Sulfonic Ester OTM/IDB
% E
lon
gati
on
Elongation Before and After Heat Age
Initial After Heat Age
Automotive Foam
15
Formulation used:
16
Automotive Foam - Expansion
Santicizer Platinum P-1700 has a similar expansion percentage to the other fast fusers tested.
6 8 8 10 4 8
60 5868 66
58 60
116
136 130122
114 110
188 192 188 182174
158
0
50
100
150
200
250
Cereplas OTM OTM/SanticizerPlatinum P1700
OTM/SanticizerPlatinum P1400
OTM/DPGDB OTM/Alkyl SulfonicEster
OTM/IDB
Exp
ansi
on
rat
e (%
)
Expansion test at 200°C-Initial thickness 0.5mm-
40 Seconds 60 Seconds 80 Seconds 120 Seconds
17
Automotive Foam - Density
Cereplas OTMOTM/SanticizerPlatinum P1700
OTM/SanticizerPlatinum P1400
OTM/DPGDBOTM/Alkyl
Sulfonic EsterOTM/IDB
40 Seconds 0.830 0.889 0.858 0.847 0.880 0.825
60 Seconds 0.624 0.623 0.583 0.611 0.595 0.565
80 Seconds 0.452 0.442 0.411 0.416 0.445 0.408
120 Seconds 0.343 0.293 0.271 0.319 0.306 0.317
0.000
0.100
0.200
0.300
0.400
0.500
0.600
0.700
0.800
0.900
1.000
gr/m
l
Specific Gravity
18
Automotive Foam – Density – 500 µm
100% Cereplas OTM
60% Cereplas OTM
40% Santicizer Platinum P-1700
60% Cereplas OTM
40% Santicizer Platinum P-1400
60% Cereplas OTM
40% DPGDB
60% Cereplas OTM
40% Alkyl Sulfonic Ester
60% Cereplas OTM
40% IDB
19
Automotive Foam – Density – 200 µm
100% Cereplas OTM
60% Cereplas OTM40% Santicizer Platinum P-1700
60% Cereplas OTM40% Santicizer Platinum P-1400
60% Cereplas OTM40% DPGDB
60% Cereplas OTM40% Alkyl Sulfonic Ester
60% Cereplas OTM40% IDB
Wear Layer Flooring
21
Formulation used:
22
Wear Layer Flooring – Processing Volatilities
All Fast Fusers except the IDB looked OK for processing volatilities.Anything less than 0.3% is acceptable.
Better
0.12
0.18
0.23 0.22
0.07
0.77
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
DOTP DOTP/Santicizer PlatinumP-1700
DOTP/Santicizer PlatinumP-1400
DOTP/DPGDB DOTP/Alkyl Sulfonic Ester DOTP/IBD
% L
oss
Processing Volatilities% Loss
23
Wear Layer Flooring – Carbon Volatility – ASTM D-1203
The Santicizer Platinum P-1700 has the lowest Carbon Volatility after 1 and 6 days
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
DOTP DOTP/Santicizer PlatinumP-1700
DOTP/Santicizer PlatinumP-1400
DOTP/DPGDB DOTP/Alkyl Sulfonic Ester DOTP/IBD
% L
oss
Carbon Volatility
1 day 6 days
24
Wear Layer Flooring – Direct Desorption, Indoor Air quality
The Santicizer Platinum P-1700 shows the lowest SVOC compared to the other fast fusers tested.
107
168
257
898
550
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
DOTP DOTP/SanticizerPlatinum P-1700
DOTP/SanticizerPlatinum P-1400
DOTP/DPGDB DOTP/Alkyl SulfonicEster
DOTP/IBD
% S
VO
C
Direct DesorptionSVOC
25
Wear Layer Flooring – Stain Testing
Santicizer Platinum P-1700 performs equally to the other fast fusers tested for stain resistance.
0 – no stain1 – trace2 – moderate3 – severe stain4 – very severe stain
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
4.5
DOTP DOTP/Santicizer PlatinumP-1700
DOTP/Santicizer PlatinumP-1400
DOTP/DPGDB DOTP/Alkyl Sulfonic Ester DOTP/IBD
Stain Testing
Iodine Blue Sharpie Brown Shoe Polish Yellow Mustard
Wire and Cable
27
Formulation used:
28
Wire and Cable – Water Sensitivity - ASTM D-1239
The Santicizer Platinum P-1700 has the lowest percent water absorbed.
1.01
0.88
1.22
1.64
1.47
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1.2
1.4
1.6
1.8
Cereplas OTM OTM/Santicizer Platinum P-1700
OTM/Santicizer Platinum P-1400
OTM/DPGDB OTM/Alkyl Sulfonic Ester
% A
bso
rpti
on
Water Sensitivity% Absorption
29
Wire and Cable – Congo Red Degradation Time
Santicizer Platinum P-1700 is equal to the trimellitate control for degradation time.
330 330 330 330
280
250
260
270
280
290
300
310
320
330
340
Cereplas OTM OTM/Santicizer Platinum P-1700
OTM/Santicizer Platinum P-1400
OTM/DPGDB OTM/Alkyl Sulfonic Ester
Tim
e (m
inu
tes)
Congo Red at 200°Cmethod DIN 57472
(minutes)
30
Wire and Cable – Kerosene Extraction
The Santicizer Platinum P-1700 has the lowest percent loss for Kerosene Extraction.
32.85
1.92
12.18
5.23
16.33
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
Cereplas OTM OTM/Santicizer Platinum P-1700
OTM/Santicizer Platinum P-1400
OTM/DPGDB OTM/Alkyl Sulfonic Ester
% L
oss
Kerosene Extraction% loss
31
Wire and Cable – ASTM 2 Oil Extraction
Santicizer Platinum P-1700 shows no concerns with ASTM Oil 2, where as the Cereplas OTM showed a percent loss, and the Alkyl sulfonic ester actually
showed a weight gain.
-0.25
-0.20
-0.15
-0.10
-0.05
0.00
0.05
0.10
0.15
0.20
0.25
Cereplas OTM OTM/Santicizer Platinum P-1700
OTM/Santicizer Platinum P-1400
OTM/DPGDB OTM/Alkyl Sulfonic Ester% L
oss
ASTM Oil 2% Loss
32
Conclusions
Santicizer Platinum P-1700 is a unique, fast fusing, cyclohexanoate plasticizer.
Santicizer Platinum P-1700 uniqueness comes from its ability to fuse fast but also to have properties with exceptional permanence, extraction resistance, and volatility.
Whether it is in a:• synthetic leather formulation with exceptional fogging, • automotive foam with excellent structure and density, • low volatility for flooring applications• exceptional wire and cable extraction applications
Santicizer Platinum P-1700 shows it versatility.