The Troubled Church - Chapter 13:iv - [Image source: 20selling%20indulgences.gif]

The Troubled Church

- Chapter 13:iv -

[Image source: http://www.augustana.edu/religion/lutherproject/95THESES/church%20selling%20indulgences.gif]

The papacy came underthe influenceof the French monarchy in 1305 whena French

archbishop was elected Pope Clement V.

[Image source: http://www.cathedrale-saint-bertrand.org/images/chronologie/clement-v-.jpg]

In order to avoid the civil wars

ravaging Italy, the pope moved his court to the city of Avignon

in southern France.

[Image source: http://www.rpglibrary.org/setting

s/roughmagic/images/avignon-map_lg.jpg]

During the period from 1305 to 1377

when the papal court remained

in Avignon, only French

cardinals were appointed.

[Image source: http://www.coloradocollege.edu/dept/RL/images/My%20Pictures/Europe/France/Avignon-Roger%20Broders.jpg]

This period of exile is knownas the Babylonian Captivity.

[Image source: http://historic-cities.huji.ac.il/france/avignon/maps/braun_hogenberg_II_13_m.jpg]

Many people feared the

church would become

corruptedby worldly power and

neglect their spiritual duties.[Image source:

http://asv.vatican.va/immagini/visit/p_nob/p_nobile_sala1_12.jpg]

“Here reigns the successors of the poor fisherman of Galilee;

they have strangely forgotten their origin,

I am astounded . . . To see these men

loaded with gold and clad in purple,

boasting of the spoils of princes and

nations.”

Pope Gregory XI left Avignonand returned to Rome in 1377.

[Image source: http://www.traditioninaction.org/SOD/SODimages3/125_Catherine_GregoryXI.jpg]

Upon Gregory’s death, an Italian mob forced the College of Cardinals to elect an Italian pope.

[Image source: http://wwwimage.cbsnews.com/images/2005/03/21/image681840x.jpg]

The cardinals later declared the election invalid and elected another pope, who took up residence in Avignon.

[Image source: http://w3.u-grenoble3.fr/adcuefe/images/avignon/ppont.jpg]

The period from 1377 to 1417 when there were

two popes is referred to

as the Great Schism.

[Image source: http://wps.ablongman.com/wps/media/objects/262/268312/art/figures/KISH219.jpg]

In 1409 a council was held in Pisa to unite the Church under one pope.

[Image source: http://www.eotvoscollegium.hu/~veghal/potenza/kepek/pisa/pisa9.jpg]

The result was for a brieftime there were three popes.

[Image source: http://accordionguy.blogware.com/Photos/2005/05/monkey_knife_fight_preview.jpg]

The Great Schism ended

when Martin V was elected

pope in1414 at the Council of

Constance in Germany.

[Image source: http://members.aol.com/VATICANSPY/matin.jpg]

This period of disunity led people increasinglyto transfer their loyalty to their monarchs.

[Image source: http://cache.eb.com/eb/image?id=91416&rendTypeId=4]

Common people

especially disliked simony –

the sellingof church positions.

English scholar John Wycliffe criticized the Church’s wealth, corruption, and

papal claims to absolute authority.[Image source: http://www.artchive.com/artchive/b/brown/brown_wycliffe.jpg]

John Wycliffe(circa 1330-84)

• English philosopher, theologian, and religious reformer-a forerunner of the Protestant Reformation

• translated the Bible into English

Wycliffe’s beliefs

• believed in a direct relationship between humanity and God

-no need of priestly mediation• believed Christians could govern

themselves without the aid of popes and prelates

Additional beliefs of John Wycliffe

• denounced as unscriptural many beliefs and practices of the church

• held that the clergy should strive to imitate evangelical poverty

• disavowed serfdom and warfare

Some of Wycliffe’s followers – the Lollards – destroyed icons and ridiculed the Mass.

[Image source: http://www.exclassics.com/foxe/foxe088.gif]

Bohemian religious leader

Jan Hus(circa 1372-1415)

attempted to reform the

Roman Catholic Church.

[Image source: http://www.ceskatelevize.cz/specialy/nejvetsicech/img/osobnosti/hus.jpg]

He was accused of

heresy by the Council of Constance,

and burned at the stake.

[Image source: http://cache.eb.com/eb/image?

id=81671&rendTypeId=4]

“In the truth of the Gospel which I have

written, taught, and prospered, I die willingly

and joyfully.”

[Image source: http://www.dieausberlin.de/public/brandenburg/geschichte/images/498px_jan_hus_1415.jpg]

“When dealing with heretics, one is not obligated to keep his word.”

- the Pope

[Image source: http://www.coxandforkum.com/archives/07.07.09.Indulgences-X.gif]