The Triumph of Industry Chapter 4
The Triumph of Industry Chapter 4 Technology & Industrial Growth Section 1.
Dec 16, 2015
Welcome message from author
This document is posted to help you gain knowledge. Please leave a comment to let me know what you think about it! Share it to your friends and learn new things together.
Transcript
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- The Triumph of Industry Chapter 4
- Slide 3
- Technology & Industrial Growth Section 1
- Slide 4
- Thomas Edisons bright ideas Peter Loader @ TLT 1 of 10
- Slide 5
- An important Thursday He noticed that Tom's forehead was unusually wide and his head was bigger than normal. He made no secret of his belief that Toms brains were scrambled! Thomas Edison was born on Thursday February the 11th, 1847 in the town of Milan, Ohio. When Thomas was seven his teacher finally lost his patience with his constant questions. 2 of 10 Peter Loader @ TLT
- Slide 6
- What do you do when you get home from school? 3 of 10 Peter Loader @ TLT
- Slide 7
- Edisons first important invention was the phonograph. A machine that could record and reproduce sound. But his greatest success was the development of the electric light. So when you turn on the light and listen to music think of Thomas Edison. Maybe you turn the lights on and play Eminem ! 4 of 10 Peter Loader @ TLT Music
- Slide 8
- Peter Loader @ TLT 7 of 10 The first movie star While working on the phonograph, Thomas began working on a device that, "does for the eye what the phonograph does for the ear", this was to become motion pictures. Thomas first demonstrated motion pictures in 1891, and began making "movies" two years later.
- Slide 9
- Early Edison Movies Edison loved Hip Hop
- Slide 10
- STEEL Taking an invention and turning it into an industry
- Slide 11
- Scottish immigrant Andrew Carnegie became the King of Steel, producing the majority of Americas steel.Andrew Carnegie Andrew Carnegie
- Slide 12
- This is how he did it.
- Slide 13
- Examples: railroads, skyscrapers, nails, pins The Steel Industry 1850s The Bessemer Process allowed steel to be produced cheaply.Bessemer Process Therefore, the steel industry grew rapidly. Henry Bessemer Bessemer converter At Station Square
- Slide 14
- Steel Production Raw Materials Example: Iron Ore Melting Hot air is pumped into a furnace, melting iron at 1600 degrees Celsius. (2,912 degrees F) Refining Impurities are removed and alloys are added from the molten metal through the use of a ladle. Casting The liquid steel is cast into billets and slabs. Rolling The billets and slabs are heated and rolled into finished products. 1 23 4
- Slide 15
- Caption reads: "Forty-Millionaire Carnegie in his Great Double Role. As the tight- fisted employer he reduces wages that he may play philanthropist and give away libraries, etc. Andrew Carnegie in his Great Double Role This cartoon originally appeared in the July 9, 1892 edition of The Saturday Globe, a pro- union weekly out of Utica, New York.
- Slide 16
- Making Steel Bill Nye the science guy ; )
- Slide 17
- RAILROADS AND INDUSTRY
- Slide 18
- Railroad growth Rapid Growth
- Slide 19
- - Once the gauge, or width, of tracks was standardized, railroads formed a network, or system of connected lines. Growth of Railroads Top: Railroads in 1890 Right: Railroads in 1918
- Slide 20
- - The railroads opened up the country to settlement and growth. Effects on Industry: - The railroad industry created thousands of new jobs. Examples: steelworkers, lumberjacks, miners, railroad workers Anti-railroad propaganda
- Slide 21
- - This forced many small railroad companies out of business. Abuses: - Railroad companies offered rebates, or discounts, in order to keep or win customers. - In order to end competition and keep prices high, railroad companies agreed to divide up business in an area and set high prices. This was known as pooling.
- Slide 22
- - Cornelius Vanderbilt was one of the richest men in America, and the most powerful railroad baron.Cornelius Vanderbilt - Railroad companies began to consolidate, or combine, in order to compete with large companies, such as Cornelius Vanderbilts.
- Slide 23
- - Large companies bought smaller ones or forced them out of business. Cornelius Vanderbilt and James Fisk are shown in a race for control of New York's rails. Vanderbilt unsuccessfully tried to take over the Erie R.R. by buying out its stock.
- Slide 24
- The Rise of Big Business Section 2
- Slide 25
- Corporations- A new business model Old school- Family owned business New school- Corporation only risk to inventors is what they invested
- Slide 26
- Vertical and Horizontal Integration Vertical-buy every aspect of making a car Horizontal- Buy every company that makes cars
- Slide 27
- Mass Production The development of Mass Production allowed business to produce goods quickly and inexpensively. Mass Production often relied on machinery taking the place of hand tools
- Slide 28
- Old School Production Hand Made
- Slide 29
- New School-Mass Production Assembly Line
- Slide 30
- Mass Production-Lucy Style Sweet
- Slide 31
- Labor Unions Workers fight to end exploitation.
- Slide 32
- The Rise of Labor Unions 1 st were called trade unions Began as a way to provide help in bad times Goals: shortened workdays higher wages better working conditions End child labor
- Slide 33
- Tools of the Union: Collective Bargaining: negotiations between representatives of labor and management to reach agreement on wages, benefits and conditions Arbitration: allowing outside referee to decide issues between sides Strike: refusal to work until demands are met
- Slide 34
- Labor Unrest: 1870-1900
- Slide 35
- Labor Unions.... Key Organizations:
- Slide 36
- Knights of Labor: Opened membership to all workers Advocated 8 hr. day/ equal pay for equal work Preferred arbitration to strikes Under Terence Powderly, expanded membership in 1880s Terence Powderly
- Slide 37
- Workers Organize Knights of LaborKnights of Labor formed in 1869 as the first labor union in the nation. Goal #1: Shorter work day Goal #2: End child labor Goal #3: Equal pay for men and women
- Slide 38
- American Federation of Labor: A craft union led by Samuel Gompers Advocated collective bargaining with threat of strikes Focused on better pay and benefits More associated with violence Samuel Gompers
- Slide 39
- AF of L Goals o Catered to the skilled worker. o Represented workers in matters of national legislation. o Maintained a national strike fund. o Evangelized the cause of unionism. o Prevented disputes among the many craft unions. o Mediated disputes between management and labor. o Pushed for closed shops.
- Slide 40
- American Railway Union: Founded by Eugene V. Debs Included skilled and unskilled workers Led way to the foundation of the American Socialist Party Won successful strike in 1894/ then faded Eugene V. Debs
- Slide 41
- Some Strikes Turned Violent: Haymarket Square: 1886- confrontation between striking workers and police resulted in several deaths Homestead Strike: 1892- steel workers against Carnegie fought hired thugs Pullman Strike: 1894- Debs workers were attacked by strike breakers resulting in President Cleveland sending out troops Sketch of tension leading to violence during the Pullman Strike
- Slide 42
- Haymarket Riot Demonstration in 1886 for an eight-hour workdaystrikes in many cities At Chicago factory, police broke up a fight between strikers and scabs (workers who replace striking workers)several workers killed Led to a protest rally in Chicagos Haymarket Squarebomb thrown at police, several killed American public begins to associates unions with violence & radical ideas
- Slide 43
- Homestead Strike: 1892 Andrew Carnegies partner Henry Frick attempted to cut workers wages at Carnegie Steel: Union at plant in Homestead, PA called a strike Frick used the Pinkertons (a private police force known for their ability to break strikes)led to shootout with strikers Following a failed assassination attempt of Frick by radicalunion called off the strike
- Slide 44
- Homestead Strike Andrew Carnegie and the Homestead Strike History.com Video Andrew Carnegie and the Homestead Strike History.com Video
- Slide 45
- The Corporate Bully-Boys: Pinkerton Agents
- Slide 46
- Pullman Strike: 1894 Railway workers strike that spread nation-wide Eugene V. Debs called for a boycott of Pullman cars after company refused to bargain with workers Marked a shift in the federal governments involvement with labor employer relations: federal troops were sent in to end the strike
- Slide 47
- A Company Town: Pullman, IL A Company Town: Pullman, IL
- Slide 48
- Pullman Cars A Pullman porter
- Slide 49
- The Pullman Strike of 1894
- Slide 50
- Management vs. Labor Tools of Management Tools of Labor scabs P. R. campaign Pinkertons lockout blacklisting yellow-dog contracts court injunctions open shop boycotts sympathy demonstrations informational picketing closed shops organized strikes wildcat strikes
- Slide 51
- Gains of Unionism: Limited work hours Regulated work conditions Preserved rights to collective bargain Rise of violence led public to distrust unions and fear threat of communism (Red Scare)
Related Documents
