U(D5E71D)x+#!&!/!=!} SAN FRANCISCO — Three blocks from Mark Zuckerberg’s $10 million Tudor home in San Francisco, Jake Orta lives in a small, single-window studio apartment filled with trash. There’s a child’s pink bicycle helmet that Mr. Orta dug out from the garbage bin across the street from Mr. Zuckerberg’s house. And a vacuum cleaner, a hair dryer, a coffee machine — all in working condition — and a pile of clothes that he carried home in a Whole Foods paper bag retrieved from Mr. Zuckerberg’s bin. A military veteran who fell into homelessness and now lives in government subsidized housing, Mr. Orta is a full-time trash picker, part of an underground economy in San Francisco of people who work the sidewalks in front of multimillion-dollar homes, rum- maging for things they can sell. Trash picking is a profession more often associated with shan- tytowns and favelas than a city at the doorstep of Silicon Valley. The Global Alliance of Waste Pickers, a nonprofit research and advoca- cy organization, counts more than 400 trash picking organizations across the globe, almost all of them in Latin America, Africa and southern Asia. But trash scavengers exist in many United States cities and, The Trickle-Down Economics of Trash Picking By THOMAS FULLER Jake Orta searching through a garbage bin outside Mark Zuckerberg’s home in San Francisco. JIM WILSON/THE NEW YORK TIMES Continued on Page 24 For months, former Vice Presi- dent Joseph R. Biden Jr. hewed to a tortoise-like strategy for the 2020 presidential race: Repeat- edly delaying his final decision, he hoped to skirt a long stretch of campaigning as a front-runner with a target on his back. That approach carried risks. Mr. Biden missed the chance to re- cruit top-level aides, including for- mer Obama advisers, women and people of color, because he had not formalized his campaign. He left urgent questions about his poli- tical vulnerabilities lingering, and he has not deployed researchers to review his vast record, because he has not hired any. Still, the former vice president persisted with his unrushed strat- egy — until this past week, when it appeared to backfire in striking fashion. Mr. Biden has faced accusations from multiple women who came forward to complain that his pen- chant for close physical contact made them feel uneasy. Rival Democrats demanded that he ac- count for his treatment of the women, and President Trump lobbed taunts that offered a pre- view of how he might attack Mr. Biden Tiptoes Toward a Run, And Stumbles By JONATHAN MARTIN and ALEXANDER BURNS Continued on Page 23 Politicians have had strong opinions on what the Federal Reserve should and shouldn’t do throughout its 105-year history. They have pushed for lower interest rates and easier money, or for this or that policy on bank regulation or consumer protec- tion. They have summoned Fed leaders to the White House or Congress to persuade and cajole. In that sense, there is nothing new in President Trump’s ag- gressive approach to the Fed. This week, he called for lower interest rates and new quantita- tive easing, and he signaled an intention to appoint two vocal supporters, Stephen Moore and Herman Cain, to the board of governors. What makes Mr. Trump’s approach to the Fed so unusual is that he has repeatedly, publicly undermined a Fed chief he ap- pointed (Jerome H. Powell), and, if successful, he would put two officials with a background in partisan politics in the inner sanctum of Fed policymaking. (Mr. Moore was a founder of the Club for Growth, which supports conservative candidates for office, and Mr. Cain ran for presi- dent.) “It’s more overtly political than anything we’ve seen since at least the ’80s, and historically when we’ve had political appoint- ments and interventions in the Fed, there have been unintended consequences that last,” said Julia Coronado, president of MacroPolicy Perspectives and a former Fed staffer. “It may be expedient in the near term, but what’s good for the next year or two may not be good for the next decade.” All presidential appointees to the Fed’s board of governors come with their own political What’s on the Line if the Fed Becomes a Partisan Battlefield By NEIL IRWIN President Trump wants to put Herman Cain in the inner sanctum of Fed policymaking. MOLLY RILEY/ASSOCIATED PRESS Continued on Page 25 NEWS ANALYSIS Late Edition VOL. CLXVIII . . No. 58,290 © 2019 The New York Times Company NEW YORK, SUNDAY, APRIL 7, 2019 Last May, an elderly man was admitted to the Brooklyn branch of Mount Sinai Hospital for ab- dominal surgery. A blood test re- vealed that he was infected with a newly discovered germ as deadly as it was mysterious. Doctors swiftly isolated him in the inten- sive care unit. The germ, a fungus called Can- dida auris, preys on people with weakened immune systems, and it is quietly spreading across the globe. Over the last five years, it has hit a neonatal unit in Venezue- la, swept through a hospital in Spain, forced a prestigious British medical center to shut down its in- tensive care unit, and taken root in India, Pakistan and South Africa. Recently C. auris reached New York, New Jersey and Illinois, leading the federal Centers for Disease Control and Prevention to add it to a list of germs deemed “urgent threats.” The man at Mount Sinai died af- ter 90 days in the hospital, but C. auris did not. Tests showed it was everywhere in his room, so inva- sive that the hospital needed spe- cial cleaning equipment and had to rip out some of the ceiling and floor tiles to eradicate it. “Everything was positive — the walls, the bed, the doors, the cur- tains, the phones, the sink, the whiteboard, the poles, the pump,” said Dr. Scott Lorin, the hospital’s president. “The mattress, the bed rails, the canister holes, the win- dow shades, the ceiling, every- thing in the room was positive.” C. auris is so tenacious, in part, because it is impervious to major antifungal medications, making it a new example of one of the world’s most intractable health threats: the rise of drug-resistant infections. For decades, public health ex- perts have warned that the over- use of antibiotics was reducing the effectiveness of drugs that have lengthened life spans by curing bacterial infections once com- monly fatal. But lately, there has been an explosion of resistant fungi as well, adding a new and frightening dimension to a phe- nomenon that is undermining a pillar of modern medicine. “It’s an enormous problem,” said Matthew Fisher, a professor of fungal epidemiology at Imperi- al College London, who was a co- author of a recent scientific re- view on the rise of resistant fungi. “We depend on being able to treat those patients with antifungals.” Simply put, fungi, just like bac- teria, are evolving defenses to sur- vive modern medicines. Yet even as world health lead- ers have pleaded for more re- straint in prescribing antimicrobi- al drugs to combat bacteria and fungi — convening the United Na- tions General Assembly in 2016 to manage an emerging crisis — gluttonous overuse of them in hos- Fungus Immune to Drugs Quietly Sweeps the Globe Lethal Infection Adds Alarming Dimension to Dangers of Overusing Medicines By MATT RICHTEL and ANDREW JACOBS DEADLY GERMS, LOST CURES A New Public Health Threat A slide with inactive Candida auris taken from a patient. MELISSA GOLDEN FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES Continued on Page 1 Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu said he would start to extend Israeli sovereignty over the West Bank if given a fourth consecutive term. PAGE 8 INTERNATIONAL 4-16 Netanyahu Vows Annexation It may take officials two years to iden- tify what could be thousands of migrant children who were separated from their families at the border. PAGE 20 NATIONAL 17-24 More Pain for Split-Up Families Ernest F. Hollings was a revered popu- list who evolved into a social moderate during a time of racial turmoil in South Carolina. He was 97. PAGE 26 OBITUARIES 25-27 A Senator for 38 Years Two programs that have never reached the championship game will play for the N.C.A.A. men’s basketball title on Monday night. PAGE 1 SPORTSSUNDAY It’s Virginia vs. Texas Tech David Brooks PAGE 1 SUNDAY REVIEW RIO DE JANEIRO — Even in death the haggling went on. Christian Esmério was going to be the one — his family had been sure of it. He was 15 and towering, a soccer player with an easy smile that belied his prowess between the goal posts. Already there was talk of contracts, and of buying a home for his parents, who had poured all their sav- ings into the dream that their son might be the next great Brazilian soccer export — the next Ronaldo, Ronaldinho or Neymar. Now, his father stood in a daze of grief outside a Rio office building, surrounded by lawyers. Just days earlier, Christian had burned to death in a fire at the youth acad- emy of one of South America’s most fa- mous soccer clubs, Flamengo. He was one of 10 players killed. The deaths lifted the veil over interna- tional soccer’s biggest production line, and raised sweeping questions about a brutal apparatus that chews up untold numbers of young Brazilian boys for every star it mints. But for the moment, as lawyers sparred over how much money families of the play- ers killed in the blaze should get, there was just one simple question: What was Chris- tian worth? “Dreams” uttered Rafael Stivel, who runs a for-profit talent scouting operation, and he let out a sigh. Mr. Stivel’s group had posted a note on Facebook mourning three of its graduates who had died in the fire at Flamengo. Since then, the messages had been pouring in. They were not condolences. The Face- book post had inadvertently acted as an advertisement — a signal to ambitious par- ents that Mr. Stivel’s organization could get their boys into not just any club, but the great Flamengo. They wanted Mr. Stivel to give their boys a chance. The soccer world in Brazil is populated by a variety of actors, some drawn by glory, but almost all attracted by the A scout discovered Maradoninha, 11, two years ago. His family moved 1,200 miles to enable him to get first-class training. DADO GALDIERI FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES Fire Destroyed 10 Lives, but Not the Illusion Dreams of Soccer Riches Survive Brazil Disaster By TARIQ PANJA and MANUELA ANDREONI Continued on Page 1 Today, sunshine mixing with some clouds, mild, high 64. Tonight, cloudy, periodic rain, low 53. Tomor- row, a brief shower or two, high 72. Details in SportsSunday, Page 10. $6.00