The Transportation & Aviation Industry

THE TRANSPORTATION and AVIATION INDUSTRY

(updated December 2014)

UNIT OBJECTIVES:

1. Identify the major modes of transportation for tourism.

2. Identify the influences of government regulations or political positions on transportation for tourism.

3. Analyze the issues and trends that will have impacts upon transportation for tourism.

TOPICS: 1. Conceptual Framework

2. Land-based Transport

3. Water-based Transport

4. Air Transport

5. Government regulations or political influences on transport for tourism

6. Future Trends

TRANSPORTATION: DEFINITION

Transportation is a pre-condition for travel. It is a fundamental component of the tourism industry.

Transport if frequently neglected in the analysis of tourism, often being relegated to a passive element of the tourist experience.

TRANSPORTATION AND TOURISM Proceedings of the Eastern Asia Society for Transportation Studies, Vol. 5, pp. 1767 - 1777, 2005

EDEN SORUPIA, PhD Candidate from the Faculty of Architecture, Building and Planning The University of Melbourne

Transportation links the various destinations and ferries people, goods, and services.

Tourism is all about travel; and the role of transportation in its operation is vital.

TRANSPORTATION AND TOURISM Proceedings of the Eastern Asia Society for Transportation Studies, Vol. 5, pp. 1767 - 1777, 2005

EDEN SORUPIA, PhD Candidate from the Faculty of Architecture, Building and Planning The University of Melbourne

Transportation is an integral part of the tourism industry.

It is largely due to the improvement of transportation that tourism has expanded.

TRANSPORTATION AND TOURISM Proceedings of the Eastern Asia Society for Transportation Studies, Vol. 5, pp. 1767 - 1777, 2005

EDEN SORUPIA, PhD Candidate from the Faculty of Architecture, Building and Planning The University of Melbourne

The advent of flight has shrunk the world, and the motor vehicle has made travel to anywhere possible. This reality coupled with changing work patterns and innovative marketing has driven international mass tourism through the years.

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TRANSPORTATION AND TOURISM Proceedings of the Eastern Asia Society for Transportation Studies, Vol. 5, pp. 1767 - 1777, 2005

EDEN SORUPIA, PhD Candidate from the Faculty of Architecture, Building and Planning The University of Melbourne

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CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

Transport for

Tourism

Transport as Tourism

LAND BASED TRANSPORT

http://www.slideshare.net/altheamurielpineda/landbased-transport-governance-in-the-philippines-focus-on-metro-manila

LAND BASED TRANSPORT

The Car

Rail Travel

Cycling

On Foot

Other References: 1. Land based Transport http://www.slideshare.net/altheamurielpineda/landbased-transport-governance-in-the-philippines-focus-on-metro-manila

2. Railways http://www.mb.com.ph/government-readies-plan-for-6-b-

north-south-commuter-rail-project/Rail system

http://www.mb.com.ph/government-readies-plan-for-6-b-

north-south-commuter-rail-project/

http://www.urbanrail.net/as/mani/manila.htm

http://www.pnr.gov.ph/

WATER-BASED TRANSPORT

Cruising

Ferries

Pleasure Craft

AIR TRANSPORT

Scheduled airlines offer a safe, convenient, reliable, frequent and relatively consumer oriented product.

Airlines attract business travelers who appreciate the speed and flexibility between various flights, especially on popular routes as well as leisure passengers who enjoy the ability or arrive quickly and without spending time and money en route.

AIR TRANSPORT

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AIRLINES

Scheduled airline: operate on the basis of their published rates.

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Charter services: do not operate according to published timetables, nor are they advertised or promoted by the airlines themselves.

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Air taxi services: privately chartered aircraft accommodating between 4 to 18 people, used particularly by business travelers.

THE SUCCESS OF LOW COST CARRIERS

• Operation from secondary airports at major cities or from regional airports

• Standardized fleet, initially of one aircraft type

• Maximized aircraft capacity

• Minimized in-flight costs

• Reduce sales and distribution cost

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POLITICAL INFLUENCES

Border Control

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The need for visa and transit visa

Please Read http://www.rappler.com/business/special-report/world-economic-forum/58485-asean-common-visa-world-economic-forum

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Custom Control

Source: https://philippines.visahq.com/customs/

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The Philippines is using e-passport now because we want to keep up with the world standards of travel documents. Unlike the MRP which only has the minimum ICAO standards in travel documents, the ePassport is the world standard in travel documents. As an ICAO member, the Philippines is obligated to improve the security of its travel documents. By issuing of e-passports, the Philippines is giving its citizens a world-class consular service. Other countries will also honor and accept this kind of passport because of the biometric technology. More than 60 countries all over the world are already using e-passports.

Government Regulations

Please Read these Sources: http://www.ofwguide.com/article_item-1192/What-You-Need-to-Know-About-the-E-Passport.html http://www.philstar.com/pinoy-worldwide/2013/12/27/1272506/dfa-old-passports-phased-out-2015

GOVERNMENT INTERVENTION OF PNOY:

NEDA identified the following measures to improve the country’s market access and connectivity:

1. Renegotiate air service agreements

2. Reduce foreign carrier operation costs in the Phils.

3. Simplify border formalities / procedures for key growth markets

4. Upgrade secondary international airports; and

5. Improve sea and road transportation services

GOVERNMENT REGULATION: Passenger Bill of Rights

1. Offloaded Baggage 2. Overbooked Flights

GOVERNMENT REGULATION: Passenger Bill of Rights

3. Airline Promotions 4. Check-in

Please check out these other sources: http://www.gov.ph/summary-of-the-rights-of-air-passengers/ http://www.rappler.com/business/17691-air-passenger-right-bill-out-in-time-for-christmas-traffic

GOVERNMENT REGULATION: Passenger Bill of Rights

3. Flight Cancellations 4. Flight Delays

FUTURE TRENDS

• Efficiency

• Globalization and integration

• Environment policies

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Climate change and alternative future transport

When thinking of the warming of the planet, the erratic weather patterns and

the natural disasters that will likely occur and are occurring already, we can describe global climate change as one of the worst disasters to hit the humanity.

Furthermore, destinations should expect climate change to have an impact on tourists’ purchasing trends. We will gradually see new means of transport gaining ground to the detriment of air traffic: Will tourists be willing to fly across the ocean if they consider the carbon footprint of their flights?

Travelers may opt for journeys made by train, boat or coaches especially that these modes are nowadays offering more comfort, great web accessibility and timetables suitability. In addition, shorter trips within the same continent or the same geographical region will more likely outweigh the long ones.

Please Read 1. About airline deregulation in Asia found in “The Heavens Are Not Free” Chapter 3 ASEAN Coming Together in the Skies page 58 – 73 SOURCE: http://www.helvidius.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/06/Airline-Deregulation.pdf

2. Air traffic/service agreements

http://www.infrastructure.gov.au/aviation/international/bil

ateral_system.aspx

http://www.routesonline.com/news/29/breaking-

news/240567/revised-air-service-agreement-opens-

door-to-more-flights-between-japan-and-philippines/

3. On Rethinking the Role of Transportation in Tourism

http://www.easts.info/on-line/proceedings_05/1767.pdf

/#.VIZpbjGUdqV

Please Read 5. On unique Filipino modes of transportation

http://www.tripsiders.com/blog/10-unique-modes-

transportation-philippines/#.VIZpbjGUdqV 6. On sustainable tourism transportation http://books.google.com.ph/books?id=st-

PAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA269&lpg=PA269&dq=sustainable+tourism+transportat

ion&source=bl&ots=l0KI1Js__1&sig=L5Hk8JkTlcBwDCweVQwqHdE9zyg&

hl=en&sa=X&ei=KRKDVO6LCcPVoATQwoJQ&ved=0CGwQ6AEwCTgK#v

=onepage&q=sustainable%20tourism%20transportation&f=false

http://www.sewta.gov.uk/uploads/documents/107/original/Sustainable_Tran

sport_within_Tourism_-_July_2012.pdf?1349968257

7. On Bike Tourism

http://bicycletouringpro.com/blog/history-of-bicycle-

touring/

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Please Read 8. On Defunct Airlines in the Philippines https://airlinenewsphilippines.wordpress.com/defunct-airlines-in-ph/

9. List of airports https://airlinenewsphilippines.wordpress.com/xxx/ 10. The government’s economic policy under PNOy http://www.iiss.org/en/events/events/archive/2014-0f13/february-e91c/fullerton-lecture-purisima-3d1d

AIR-BASED TRANSPORTATION SOURCES:

COMMERCIAL FLIGHT HISTORY: http://www.space.com/16657-worlds-first-commercial-airline-the-greatest-moments-in-flight.html

COMMERCIAL FLIGHT TIMELINE:

http://www.burnsmcd.com/Aviation-Special-Report/Article/Timeline-of-Commercial-Aviation

ICAO LIST OF AIRLINES AND THEIR OWNERSHIP

http://www.icao.int/sustainability/Documents/PrivatizedAirlines.pdf