Seoul National University Seoul National University Prof. Sang Prof. Sang - - im im , , Yoo Yoo Lecture Contents Lecture Contents The thermodynamic description of mixtures The thermodynamic description of mixtures 5.1 5.1 Partial molar quantities Partial molar quantities 5.2 5.2 The thermodynamics of mixing The thermodynamics of mixing 5.3 5.3 The chemical potentials of liquids The chemical potentials of liquids 5. Simple mixtures 5. Simple mixtures
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Seoul National UniversitySeoul National University Prof. SangProf. Sang--imim, , YooYoo
Lecture ContentsLecture Contents
The thermodynamic description of mixturesThe thermodynamic description of mixtures
5.15.1 Partial molar quantitiesPartial molar quantities5.25.2 The thermodynamics of mixingThe thermodynamics of mixing5.35.3 The chemical potentials of liquidsThe chemical potentials of liquids
5. Simple mixtures5. Simple mixtures
Seoul National UniversitySeoul National University Prof. SangProf. Sang--imim, , YooYoo
5.1 Partial molar quantities
Thermodynamic description of mixturesThermodynamic description of mixtures
(a) Partial molar volume
The change in volume per mole of a substance added to a large volume of the mixture
- it varies with composition (see Fig. 5.1)
- definition: for a substance J
where p , T and amount of other components (n’) are constant
- for a binary mixture,
Provided the composition is held constant by the addition ofA and B, the total volume, V = nAVA + nBVB
',, nTpJJ n
VV ⎟⎟⎠
⎞⎜⎜⎝
⎛∂∂
=
BnTpB
AnTpA
dnnVdn
nVdV
AB ,,,,⎟⎟⎠
⎞⎜⎜⎝
⎛∂∂
+⎟⎟⎠
⎞⎜⎜⎝
⎛∂∂
=
BBAA dnVdnV +=
Seoul National UniversitySeoul National University Prof. SangProf. Sang--imim, , YooYoo
',, nTpJJ n
VV ⎟⎟⎠
⎞⎜⎜⎝
⎛∂∂
=
- Molar volumes are always positive but partial molar volumes can be negative!(see Fig. 5.2 & 5.5)