The stem Julia Guillen Tete Aguilar Gaby Rivas Moo Raymundo
Feb 24, 2016
The stem Julia GuillenTete AguilarGaby Rivas
Moo Raymundo
The Stem
• A stem is one of two main structural axes of a vascular plant.
Stems (gaby )• In most plants stems are located
above the soil surface but some plants have underground stems
• A stem develops buds and shoots and usually grows above the ground. Inside the stem, materials move up and down the tissues of the transport system.
• The term shoots is often confused with stems; shoots generally refer to new fresh plant growth and does include stems but also to other structures like leaves or flowers
Parts of the Stem (juls)• The stem is normally divided into nodes and
internodes.• Main stem: the most important one in the plant• Secondary stem: grow from the main stem• The nodes: hold buds which grow into one or
more leaves, flowers, cones or other stems etc. • The internodes: distance one node from another. • Buds: are the responsible for plant growth;
either new stems, flowers or leaves.• - parts of the buds• Main terminal bud: is in charged of the upwards
growing of the plant• Secondary terminal bud: come out from the tip
of secondary stems, they make the secondary stem grow
• Lateral buds: are placed on the stem nodes, leaves and flowers arise from it
Functions (moo)• Stems have four main functions which are:
• Support for and the elevation of leaves, flowers and fruits. The stems keep the leaves in the light and provide a place for the plant to keep its flowers and fruits.
• Transport of fluids between the roots and the shoots in the xylem and phloem.
• Storage of nutrients. • The production of new living tissue. The
normal life span of plant cells is one to three years. Stems have cells called meristems that annually generate new living tissue.
• xylem is one of the two types of transport tissue, phloem being the other
Types of stems (tete)Herbaceus stems• Annual plants: plant with a year life-time.
Weeds generally belong to this group.• Vivacious plants: plants with aerial stems
lasting a single season, but keeping underground structures from wich new stems spring again next season.
Ligneous stems• Trees: in this case we call the stems
trunks.• Shrubs: they grow from one to five meters
tall and their branching begins at soil level• Bushes: they grow shorter than one meter
tall.