The state of knowledge: socioeconomic and environmental impacts of wood energy value chains in Sub-Saharan Africa Dr. Phosiso Sola, East Africa DRYDEV Program Coordinator, World Agroforestry Centre (ICRAF) [email protected]Dr. Paolo Cerutti, Senior Scientist, Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR), Wen Zhou, Research Officer, Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR) Co-authors: Denis Gautier, Miyuki Iiyama, Jolien Shure, Audrey Chenevoy, Jummai Yila, Vanessa Dufe, Robert Nasi, Gillian Petrokofsky, and Gill Shepherd TICAD IV Side Event: The Future of Wood-Based Energy 25 th August 2016 World Agroforestry Centre, Nairobi
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The state of knowledge socioeconomic and environmental impacts of wood energy value chains in sub saharan africa
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The state of knowledge: socioeconomic and environmental
impacts of wood energy value chains in Sub-Saharan Africa
Dr. Phosiso Sola, East Africa DRYDEV Program Coordinator, World Agroforestry Centre (ICRAF) [email protected]
Dr. Paolo Cerutti, Senior Scientist, Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR),
Wen Zhou, Research Officer, Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR)
Co-authors:
Denis Gautier, Miyuki Iiyama, Jolien Shure, Audrey Chenevoy, Jummai Yila, Vanessa Dufe, Robert Nasi, Gillian Petrokofsky, and Gill Shepherd
TICAD IV Side Event: The Future of Wood-Based Energy
Why this systematic map?• >70% of people in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) rely
on woodfuel as their primary household energy source
• Woodfuel value chains are often associated with detrimental health and environmental impacts
• Lack of sound evidence and limited understanding of impacts woodfuel policy interventions are not based on the best available evidence
Objectives and Research Questions
• Provide a balanced and comprehensive review of the role and impacts of woodfuel value chains across SSA.
• Primary review question: • “What are the socio-economic, health, and environmental impacts of
woodfuel supply and demand in Sub-Saharan Africa?”
Methodology
Peer-reviewed protocol (Cerutti et al. 2015) “What are the socio-economic, health, and environmental impacts of woodfuel supply and demand in Sub-Saharan Africa?”
Searches conducted on Web of Science, CAB Abstracts, and Scopus
separate impacts of woodfuel interventions from other activities
History of woodfuel productionProperty rights and tenure
Infrastructure developmentWoodcutting
Lack of employmentGovernance
FireUrbanisation
Livestock grazingLocationGender
Biophysical factorsAgriculture expansion
0 10 20 30
Number of studies
Cont
extu
al fa
ctor
s
Discussion and Conclusion• Renewed interest in the topic since 2000
• Presence of trade-offs between socioeconomic outcomes (largely positive) and health and environmental outcomes (largely negative)
• 40% of the studies did not meet the quality assessment criteria of this systematic map
• Most studies did not meet the methodological standards• inadequate baseline information • lack of comparators • limited geographic scope
• No concrete evidence differentiating the impacts of woodfuel value chain from other activities
• Major limitation – accessing non digitalised literature especially pre 1980
Implications for Research
• Urgent need to design and undertake research using robust methodologies • At appropriate scales in order to make
substantial conclusions • Use of appropriate comparators for rigor
and reliability of results• Long-term studies with corresponding
baseline studies of initial socio-economic and environmental conditions
Implications for policy• Woodfuel will remain important to millions of people (70-90%) in SSA, and
thus should be a priority for national and international policy and development strategies
• Woodfuel use does have impacts on the environment and livelihoods; however, policy formulation must also consider contextual factors as equal or even greater determinants or sources of impact
• Policy formulation should adopt a multisectorial approach across health, environment, and livelihood issues
• Important to recognize trade-offs between socioeconomic and environmental outcomes