The Space-Time Puzzle at RHIC Instead of slowly burning QGP Log Dt~ R/v def >>R

1/6/02 Gyulassy-1

The Space-Time Puzzle at RHIC

Instead of slowly burning QGP Log R/vdef >>R

Evidence for Sudden freezeout R !

Amazingly independent of 1< KEcm< 100 AGeV

Yet there is Huge v2~0.15 out to 6 GeV, transverse flow , hadro equilibration, pbar > pi-, …

1/6/02 Gyulassy-2

AGS-SPS-RHICPion

Interferometry

• Central AuAu (PbPb)

• Why saturation?

• Why no rise in space or

temporal homogeneity?

STAR Preliminary

Z-Axis

Y-Axis

X-Axis

Sou

rce

Z-Axis

Y-Axis

X-Axis

P1

P2

q

K

BeamAxis

1/6/02 Gyulassy-3

Amazingly Weak Energy

dependence• Rout and Rside are energy

independent within error bars.• Smooth energy dependence in

Rlong

• No immediate indication of very different physics

• Fit Rlong to:

• AGS: A = 2.19 +/- .05• SPS: A = 2.90 +/- .10• RHIC: A = 3.32 +/- .03

Tm

A

-

M. Lisa et al., PRL 84, 2798 (2000)R. Soltz et al., to be sub PRCC. Adler et al., PRL 87, 082301I.G. Bearden et al., EJP C18, 317 (2000)

1/6/02 Gyulassy-4

HBT radii at 2 AGeV

M. Lisa

1/6/02 Gyulassy-5

Images of --emitting sources (scaled ~ x1014)

3 fm

x ’

y

2 AGeV

x

zS=47°

x ’

y

4 AGeV

x

zS=37°

x ’

y

6 AGeV

x

zS=33°

Large, positivetilt angles

35.1x~

y~

2

2

similar to naïveoverlap: b~5 fm

1/6/02 Gyulassy-6

PHENIX and STAR at RHIC

Amazing!

Hydro+UrQMDSoff, Bass, Dumitru (PRL 86)

1/6/02 Gyulassy-7

Rout/Rside vs. kT at AGS

1/6/02 Gyulassy-8

PION INTERFEROMETRY OF QUARK - GLUON PLASMA.

By S. Pratt (Minnesota U.). 1986.

Published in Phys.Rev.D33:1314-1327,1986

PION INTERFEROMETRY IN ULTRARELATIVISTIC HEAVY ION COLLISIONS.

G. Bertsch, M. Gong, M. Tohyama, Phys.Rev.C37:1896-1900,1988.

Why we expected more Rout>>Rside ?t

xQGP

HadronGas

Combustion TheoryVan Hove (83)GKMS (84)

Deflagration(Q->H Burn Front) vdef~dH/4dQ

t~R/vdef

Qout

Qside

IFF

1/6/02 Gyulassy-9 D. Rischke , MG, NPA 613(97)397

Continuous Cross Over vs First Order Bag Model Equation of State

QGP EOS

1/6/02 Gyulassy-10

D. Rischke, MG NPA 613(97)397

The QGP Stall

T=0 P=/3

0=20 GeV/fm3 evolved with hydro

QGP

Stall

~R

1/6/02 Gyulassy-11

P=/3T/Tc=0

D. Rischke, MG, NPA 613(97)397

Pratt-Bertsch C(qside,qout)

T/Tc=0.1Side

Out

qside

qout

1/6/02 Gyulassy-12

Rout/Rside

D. Rischke, MG NPA 613(97)397

T=0

T=Tc/10

P=/3

th R/10

QGP->ResonancesQGP-> Pions

1/6/02 Gyulassy-13

th 01/3T

QGP->ResonancesQGP-> Pions

Effect of Rapid Thermalization

Tf=Tc

NULLSolutions!!

1/6/02 Gyulassy-14

• long-lived dissipative hadronic phase dominates correlation signal dissipative hadronic phase: unavoidable consequence of thermalized QGP

IF strong incoherent resonance dynamics applies

Soff, Bass, Dumitru nucl-th/0012085

Dissipative Hadronic FSI distort pion lenses

1/6/02 Gyulassy-15

B.R. Schlei (QM 99) nucl-th/9904067

Predicted

1/6/02 Gyulassy-16See D. Teany, E. Shuryak

The Thorn in Hydro’s side

1/6/02 Gyulassy-17

Useful cartoon showing why HBT in AA is not easy to unfold

MANY 8D x-p correlated geometries give same HBT radii

P.Kolb, U. Heinz

1/6/02 Gyulassy-18

P.Kolb, U. HeinzHydro (x,y,t,K) Correlated Geometries

1/6/02 Gyulassy-19

Denes Molnar’s Parton Cascade

Diffuse correlated geometries

Rside

Rout

Rlong

Rout<Rside is possiblexout

xside

1/6/02 Gyulassy-20Fits are NOT explanations but convenient summary of data

1/6/02 Gyulassy-21

Corrections

P.Filip

??

Are Systematic Experimental Errors Under Control?

1/6/02 Gyulassy-22

More work on Coulomb correction needed

Better to show Uncorrected data andcompare to corrected theory !

P.Filip

sysR 1fm

1/6/02 Gyulassy-23

Systematic Theory HBT Errors

p

x

ClassicalTransportTheory

Wigner Wavepacket

thR ~1fm

See alsoS. Pratt …Padula,Gavin MG

NPB 329 (90) 357

x p /2

1/6/02 Gyulassy-24

D. Teany, E. Shuryak

Given th expR R ~2 fm Hydrodynamic HBT is surprisingly good agreement with Rout,side !

However, Rlong is tooo longg!

1/6/02 Gyulassy-25

New Attemps at sudden hadronization: Non-equilib Polyakov

L(A)

V(L)

But does this reallysolve RlongIs short? U.Heinz

Is it consistent with smalle-b-e fluctuations?

1/6/02 Gyulassy-26

Closing Remarks: (Sorry no time for Event-by-Event fluct)

•RHIC HBT has posed a serious thorn in theory side

•V2, flow, hadron ratios are consistent with EULER hydro up to pT~2 GeV, but hydro fails at AGS, SPS Yet HBT pattern is ~uniform in energy

•High pt>2GeV tails reveal jet quenching through very dense opaque matter

• Yet hadronization is of short duration (only marginally consistent with hydro Rout,side)

• Bjorken flow seems dead with short Rlong! Is Landau resurrecting?

•Are we on wrong hydro/transport track? Non-equilib classical fields? Inhomogeneous turbulence?

• Also need to go back to basics and review HBT assumptions