The Solaris Network Environment (Presentation

THE SOLARIS NETWORK

ENVIRONMENT

SOLARIS OPERATING ENVIRONMENT

The network topologies

Network topology is the overall scenerio of network and arrangement in which nodes on a network are connected to each other. It defines in two types:

LAN (local area network)

WAN(wide area network)

LAN’s (Local Area Networks)

Set of hosts in same building connected by a high speed medium such as Ethernet.

Eg . Network setup in a building A LAN might be a single IP network or a

collection of networks or subnets that are connected through high speed switches and routers.

WAN’s (Wide area networks)

WAN is a network that covers a potentially vast geographical area.

Eg . Internet

A WAN makes use of third party service providers for interconnection such as different ISP’s.

Network protocols

A network protocol is the part of network that we configure but can’t see.

It controlls data transmission b/w systems across the network.

Network models These are abstract common structure used

to describe communication b/w systems. The two network models are : 1. ISO/OSI model ( International

Standards Organisation/Open Systems Interconnections)

2. TCP/IP model (Transmission Controll Protocol/Internet protocol)

1. ISO/OSI model

: Utilities such as TELNET and FTP opertate at this layer.

: It allows incompatible in the application layer to communicate via the session layer.

It handles security and creation of the sessions.

TCP operates at this layer

Manages the delivery of data via the data link layer and is used by the transport layer.

It performs error checking and retransmit frames that are not received correctly

Describes the network Hardware

Application layer

Presentation layer

Session layer

Transport layer

Network layer

Data-link layer

Physical layer

2. TCP/IP Model

Application

ApplicationPresentation

Session

Transport Transport

Network Internet

Data link Network interface

Physical Physical

Fig :2-The five protocollayers of theTCP/IP layeringmodel

Layer 1: Physical: Layer 1 deals with the network

hardware .

It corresponds to the physical layer in the OSI model.

Layer 2: Network Interface.

This layer specifies how to organize data into packets called frames and how to address the machines in a LAN.

It corresponds to the data link layer in the OSI model.

Layer 3: Internet.

This layer specifies the format of data packets called IP datagrams and is responsible for delivering these datagrams across the Internet.

This layer corresponds to the network layer in the OSI model.

Layer 4: Transport.

This layer has protocols that specify end-to-end (application-to-application) communication.

It corresponds to the transport layer in the OSI model.

Layer 5: Application.

This layer corresponds to layers 6 and 7 in the OSI model that are presentation layer and application layers.

Encapsulation & decapsulation

A header is added to each segment that is received on the way down the layers is k/as ENCAPSULATION.

A header is removed from each segment that is received on the way up through the layers is k/as DECAPSULATION.

ethernet It defines the physical components a

machine uses to access the network and the speed at which network runs.

An Ethernet network has three main components: data packets, media, and media access (MAC) mechanism.

Ethernet uses a protocol called CSMA/CD, which stands for Carrier Sense Multiple Access with collision detection

Network hardware:

NIC’s : The computer hardware that allows you to

connect a computer to a network is k/as network interface card.

On an Ethernet network, a hardware address is burned into a NIC, but the IP address is not. That means if you change the NIC of your computer, the hardware address of your machine changes.

HUBS AND SWITCHES :

HUB : Each computer is connected to a different port

on the hub. A hub receives signal on one port and repeats it on all other ports.

SWITCHES: As opposed to a hub, a switch repeats a

received signal only on a port to which the intended recipient of the data is connected. When a switch is powered up, it starts off acting like a hub.

ROUTERS :

A router is a machine that forwards packets from one network to another.

A hub connects computers and a router connects networks.

Ipv4 addressing IP (version 4) addresses are 32-bit numbers. Each IP address has a structure—that is, it’s

composed of two parts, netid and hostid. All the computers on the same network (e.g.,LAN) have the same netid but different hostids.

Netid is assigned by RIR’s and hostid is assigned by local network administrator.

IP addresses are assigned by special organisations k/as Regional internet registeries(RIR’s).

Class A addresses

Class A network number falls in the range of 0 to 127.

By………………..

Mayuresh kumar bhardwaj

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