The Sign Post Winter Edition 2011

8/2/2019 The Sign Post Winter Edition 2011

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Tkcrl~ Lbkrkmc >?00

Rhl Vkdc _mvr Vlr |p ~m`b i`~jl~v gm~ {m|~vlag! i`jl {m|~vlag vkdcpmvrv: fmcvkbl~ tlaa rhl hkdht`{ rhl ~m`b n{ thkfh {m| tlcr (El~lik`h 605>0+

G`~ltlaa rm N~kr`kcv Tlag`~l

Rhl ^lr|~c mg rhl @pmvrmakf I`cral

Rhl~l kv Cmrhkcd Clt \cbl~ rhl V|c

Emhc T{fakggl rhl _~kcfl ^lvrm~l~

Kcrl~p~lrkcd rhl Blfakcl `cb Gàa mg L|~mpl

Rhl Hln~lt Ikcb )Vlr5 Rhl \ckwl~và A`t mg Dmb m~ rhl Kcrl~c`rkmcà Dmb mg I`c

Vlf|~kcd ` Am`c mc ^kdhrlm|vclvv

@ Tmi`cv Kcrki`rl Lin~`fl tkrh rhl Vl~plcr

Kcrl~p~lrkcd n`vkf gmmbv

Fam|b kc rhl vj{

Rhl Vkdc _mvr kv `c lxpmvkrm~{ cltv ilbk|i blvkdclb rm lxpa`kc! kcgm~i! blvf~knl `cb bl kcl rmpkfà kvv|lv `cb r~|rhv rh`r `~l ~lalw`cr rmrhl fmii|ckr{ mg nlaklwl~v tl vl~wl! thm vh`~l ` fmiimc kcrl~lvr kc |vkcd rhl Vf~kpr|~lv rm |camfj pl~vmcà! vmfkà `cb damnà phlcmilc`#Tl bm cmr `bhl~l rm rhl p~`frkflv `cb imbl~c p~mrmfma mg i`kc )vr~lì ilbk`: clkrhl~ bm tl akikr m|~vlawlv n{ blcmikc`rkmcà bmfr~kclv# M|~h|cdl~ kv gm~ rhl akwkcd `cb `frkwl r~|rh rh`r vlr vm|av g~ll# H`wkcd bkvfmwl~lb rh`r ` ~la`rkmcvhkp tkrh Dmb nl`~v cm ~lvlina`cfl tkrh rhl ~lak)dkmc n|kar n{ ilc! tl `~l fmiplaalb rm akwl `cb amwl Hki g~lla{#

Rhl @rr`fj mc Gìka{

Rh~m|dh rhl ^lgkcl~v Gk~l


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I`c{ tkaa nl `t`jlclb rm rhl g`fr rh`r ~lak)dkmc m~ rhl m~d`ckulb fh|~fh kv cmr tm~jkcdgm~ rhli `cb ~lvpmcb `ffm~bkcd rm rhl blvk~lvmg rhlk~ hl`~r# Kc N~kr`kc! P|llc Laku`nlrh tkaaflaln~`rl hl~ bkìmcb e|nkall mg 7? {l`~v mcrhl N~krkvh rh~mcl kc Gln~|`~{! nlgm~l rhl

c`rkmc `cb rhl tm~ab vlr rhlk~ l{lv mc rhlv|iil~ Ma{ipkfv thkfh tkaa àvm r|~c N~kr`kckcrm `c `rr~`frkmc mg fh`mv#

Rhl b~ì`rkf fh`cdlv rh`r `~l f|~~lcra{ mcdm)kcd! tkaa d`kc imilcr|i `v rhl {l`~ p~md~lvv)lv! n|r rhl imvr ~`bkfà fh`cdl lcwkv`dlb kvrhl vpk~kr|à mcl# Fmcg~mcr`rkmcv tkaa nlfmilrhl cm~i `v plmpal r~{ rm hmab mc rm rhlk~~lakdkmcv! nl kr vlag i`bl m~ m~d`ckulb# Hmtlw)l~! rhmvl tkrh rhl g`krh kc Jkcd Elv|v! tkaa kcbrhlivlawlv kc rhl ikbvr mg r|~imka tàjkcdnlvkblv vrkaa t`rl~v# Gìkaklv mg g`krh tkaa r`jlrhlk~ pa`fl `cb hmilv tkaa nl mplc gm~ glaamt)vhkp `cb Dmba{ clrtm~jkcd# Rhmvl thm h`wll`rlc g~mi rhl r~ll mg rhl jcmtalbdl mg dmmb`cb lwka tkaa kcb rh`r rhl{ `~l iàcm|~kvhlb!gm~ rhl r~ll t`v clwl~ il`cr rm v|vr`kc akgln|r rm ~mn kr mg krv vpk~kr|à lvvlcfl# ^lakdkm|v!lfmcmikf `cb pmakrkfà jcmtalbdl tkaa cmr nà`cfl rhl n|bdlr `cb kr tkaa cmr n`ka m|r rhlc`rkmcv rh`r `~l f~kppalb kc blnr# M|~ dlcl~`)rkmc h`v |c~kwàlb `fflvv rm ` w`vr f`fhl mg kcgm~i`rkmc `cb vrkaa {lr tl v|ggl~ gm~ a`fj mg

rhl jcmtalbdl rh`r v|vr`kcv wkvkmc `cb akgl#Rhl Am~b h`v tlkdhlb m|~ lb|f`rkmcà v{vrli`cb gm|cb kr a`fjkcd kc kcrlaakdlcfl# Tkjkplbk`kv vr~|ddakcd rm i`kcr`kc `c mcakcl p~lvlcflthkfh v{inmakulv m|~ |kfj kx ilcràkr{b~`tkcd rm ` famvl# Tl tl~l t`~clb rh`r jcmtalbdl tm|ab kcf~l`vl! n|r rhl d~l`rclvvmg jcmtalbdl kv hmt tlaa tl |vl kr rm al`~c mg rhl dam~{ mg Dmb# @v {m| ~l`b Rhl Vkdc _mvr!m|~ ~lt`~b gm~ rhl ~lvl`~fh p|r kcrm rhkv kv)v|l! kv rh`r l`fh pl~vmc tkaa ~lr|~c rm vl`~fh)kcd hkv-hl~ vm|a tlkdhkcd hmclvra{ rhl n|~)

blcv f`~~klb kc rhl hl`~r! `cb `vjkcd Dmb gm~d|kb`cfl rm nà`cfl g`krh `cb tm~j tkrh e|vr tlkdhrv# Kr kv rkil rm t`jl |p! cb vilaa rhlvimjl nlf`|vl kr kv rhl mca{ fh`cfl tl h`wlmg blrlfrkcd thl~l rhl k~l kv `nm|r rm gàa# I`{Dmb nalvv {m| àa `v {m| ~l`b rhkv#

Gm~ i`c{ ~m|cb rhl tm~ab! ` clt {l`~!àt`{v fmilv tkrh d~l`r lxplfr`rkmcv! ~lvma|)rkmcv! tkvhg|a rhkcjkcd! `cxklr{ m~ gl`~# Gm~ rhlN~kbl mg Fh~kvr! rhkv {l`~ `v rhl {l`~ nlgm~l kr `cb rhl {l`~v rm fmil! kv `nm|r vr`cbkcd k~i kcrhl g`krh rh`r t`v blakwl~lb |crm rhl v`kcrv# @vnlaklwl~v! tl bm cmr h`wl rhl a|x|~{ rm gl`~th`r rhl tm~ab gl`~v gm~ tl `~l cmr mg rhltm~ab lwlc rhm|dh tl akwl kc kr# V`{kcd rhkv! tlàvm bm cmr h`wl rhl a|x|~{ mg nlkcd kdcm~`cr rmrhl rkilv `cb rhl vl`vmcv tl `~l akwkcd kc `cbth`r àa rhl ~`pkb fh`cdlv rh`r `~l r`jkcd pa`flil`cv gm~ rhl fmiimc )tlàrh mg Kv~`la `cb rhlN~kbl#

R~`pplb kc ` pl~plr|à blnr f~kvkv rhl c`rkmcvmg rhl tm~ab i|vr lxplfr bkwkcl kcrl~wlcrkmcìkbvr rhl fmcg|vkmc h`r rhl Am~b tkaa pm|~

m|r |pmc rhl damnà vphl~lv mg kc a|lcfl# @r rhl r|~c mg >??; `cb rhl nldkcckcd mg >?0?!th`r t`v mca{ p~lwkm|va{ vh`jkcd nld`c rm gàa`cb tl f`c lxplfr ` im~l ~`pkb blfakcl mg rh`r thkfh kv i`ci`bl rm fmcrkc|l krv r|inal# @p~lp`~lb N~kbl kv rhl mcl thm h`v gm|cb nà)`cfl `cb n~`wl~{ gm~ rhl rkilv `hl`b kc rhlakwkcd `cb `frkwl Tm~b mg Dmb# Rhl 0> kc >?0>!kv v{inmakf mg `pmvrmakf dmwl~cilcr thl~lkcrhl dmwl~cilcr mg akdhr tkaa |arki`rla{ ~kvl |prm e|bdl rhl dmwl~cilcr mg ckdhr# Rhl r~`cvk)rkmcv nlrtllc rhl rtm dmwl~cilcrv tkaa nlcmrhkcd vhm~r mg t`~ kc rhl hl`wlca{ pa`flv `cbrhl l`~rh tkaa glla rhl kip`fr kc bkwl~vl t`{v#

Rhl g`frv mc rhl d~m|cb kv rh`r rhl L|~m )umcl kv~`pkba{ hl`bkcd n`fj kcrm ` ~lflvvkmc thkfhtkaa h`wl ` bmikcm lgglfr mc àa rhl c`rkmcvthm `~l ilinl~v mg rhl L|~mpl`c \ckmc `cbrhl \ckrlb C`rkmcv# Rhl lfmcmikf! `cb pmakrkfàkcrl~c`rkmcà ~|al mg a`t rh`r rhlvl rtm vkvrl~m~d`cku`rkmcv pkmcll~v! vr`cbv nlcl`rh `fam|b mg t~`rh rh r tkaa p|vh rhl c`rkmcv thm`~l nmrh ilinl~v mg rhl L\ `cb \C rm ~`kvl |p

`cb `vj |lvrkmcv `cb r`jl `frkmc kc lxr~kf`r)kcd rhlivlawlv g~mi rhl vr~mcdhmab lxl~rlb n{rhl L\ )\C i`fhkcl# Rhl jkcdbmi mg Dmb `cbrhl ~|al mg Hkv Fh~kvr! bmlv cmr h`wl `c{ àrl~)c`rkwlv! kr lxkvrv n{ krvlag! clwl~ cldmrk`rlv!gm~dl àak`cflv! i`jl-ìlcb r~l`rklv m~ m~)fhlvr~`rlv fmcgl~lcflv m~ v|iikrv rm jllp |p`ppl`~`cflv# Kr kv ` jkcdbmi rh`r lxkvrv gm~gìka{! `cb krv Rm~`h kv rhl kcvr~|frkmc n{thkfh `c{ mrhl~ jkcdbmi rh`r tkvhlv rm p~mv)pl~ tkaa h`wl rm bhl~l rm# Rhl ~lakdkm|v! lfm)cmikf `cb pmakrkfà v{vrliv `frlb |pmc g~mi

rhl jkcdbmi mg b`~jclvv `~l kfjal `cb p~lgl~)lcrkà kc rhlk~ lxlf|rkmc mg e|vrkfl! vkipa{ nl)f`|vl |cakjl rhl Jkcdbmi mg Dmb! e|vrkfl kv cmr rhl gm|cb`rkmc mg rhlk~ rh~mclv# Rhl~lgm~l! gm~rhmvl thm `~l cmr fàalb n{ rhl cìl mg Dmb!>?0>! tkaa nl ~lilinl~lb gm~ bllp ikvl~{#

Rh~m|dhm|r rhl {l`~! nmrh rhl nkd `cb viàafm|cr~klv tkaa nl fhmmvkcd clt al`bl~v! `cb

n`vlb mc rhl fm~~|prkmc kc rhl wmrkcd v{v)rli mg l`fh c`rkmc! vmil al`bl~v tkaa r`jlrhl hkdh pa`fl mg rhlk~ c`rkmcv {lr `d`kc! rmrhl blr~kilcr mg rhlk~ plmpal `cb rhli)vlawlv# Rhl ~kmrv rh`r n~mjl m|r kc >?0?)00tkaa g`bl |kfja{ kc akdhr mg rhl lxp`cvkmc kcp~mrlvrv! `c`~fh{! mff|p`rkmcv `cb p~mp`)d`cb` rh`r tkaa n~l`j m|r rhkv {l`~#

@v tl blawl kcrm rhl ièm~ rhlilv mg rhkvkvv|l mg Rhl Vkdc _mvr! tl tkaa nl ammjkcd `r rhl p~mphlrkf p`rrl~cv `cb hkvrm~kf rkil)akclv rm n~kcd vmil fa`~kr{ rm rhl vl`vmccmt |pmc |v# Kc I`~fh (>?0>+ thkal rhl^|vvk`cv lalfr rhlk~ p~lvkblcr! rhl K~`ck`cvtkaa wmrl gm~ ` >;? ilinl~ Ièakv (` pa`fl mg vkrrkcd+ `cb fhmmvl 87 @{`rmaa`hv rm vkr kcrhl @vvlina{ mg Lxpl~rv# Th`r bmlv rhkvil`c= Tlaa mc rhl v|~g`fl kr vplaav r~m|nalgm~ Kv~`la! `cb àa thm v|ppm~r Kv~`la! n|r nlcl`rh rhl v|~g`fl kr àvm i`~jv ` vpk~kr|àfal`cvkcd `cb `t`jlckcd gm~ rhl vmcv mg rhlvm fàalb @~`n Vp~kcdv! rm fmil rm rhl ~làk)u`rkmc rh`r rhl |cbl~rmclv mg Kvaì rh~l`r)

lcv rhl tlag`~l mg rhmvl thm `~l I|vakiv `vkr bmlv rhmvl thm `~l cmr mg Kvaì#

@v rhl vmwl~lkdc blnr f~kvkv r`jlv ` r|~c gm~rhl tm~vr! `cb r`jlv ` d~l`rl~ rmaa mc rhli`vvlv! `v |v|à rhl n`cjl~v p|aakcd rhlvr~kcdv mg rhl pmakrkfk`cv tkaa ~li`kc nlhkcbrhl vflcl thkal rhl p|nakf vlfrm~ vr`dlvim~l vr~kjlv# Im~l plmpal tkaa nlfmil |c)lipam{lb ìkbvr rhl kcf~l`vl kipalilcr`)rkmc mg `|vrl~kr{ il`v|~lv! ~lvr~kfrkmcv! ~ld)|a`rkmcv `cb aldà b~kwla àa vl~wkcd rhl lg)gm~rv mg rhl kcrl~c`rkmcà ~|al mg L\)\C a`t#Rhl akglvr{al mg rhl fh|~fh tkaa fh`cdl `v rhlVpk~kr mg rhl Am~b fmilv bmtc rm kcrl~~|pr rhl ~ld|a`~ fh|~fh wkltkcd `cb p~md~ìv#Rhl falwl~ i`~jlrkcd `cb pv{fhmamdkfà vpkcph~`vlv àmcdvkbl rhl h{pl~ )fmcgl~lcflvtkaa cmr h`wl rhl vìl lgglfr#

>?0>5 Nlcl`rh ` Fam|b mg T~`rh m~ rhl ^lkdc mg ^kdhrlm|vclvv


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Kc rhl gk~vr kvv|l mg rhl Vkdc _mvr! tl rmabm|~ ~l`bl~v mg rhl _~mphlrkf Gm~lf`vr gm~rhl {l`~v Z>?0? )>?0>Y `cb cmrlb rh`r kr h`vnllc ~lwlàlb rh`r rhl 0> p~mphlrkf nmmjvmgrlc ~lgl~~lb rm `v rhl Ikcm~ p~mph)lrv ZHmvl` Ià`fhkY hlab tkrhkc rhli! rhl

gm~lf`vr gm~ 0> {l`~v ZHmvl` (>??0+) Ià`fhk(>?0>+Y# Vkcfl rhl ~lwla`rkmc! tl h`wl nllc`nal rm bkvfl~c ièm~ tm~ab vhkgrv kc `b)w`cfl mg rhlk~ mff|~~lcfl tkrh d~l`rl~ kc)vkdhr rh`c i`c{ mg rhl vm|~flv f|~~lcra{`w`ka`nal m|rvkbl mg Vf~kpr|~l# Rhl c|inl~rtlawl vp`cv rhl Hln~lt Vf~kpr|~lv `v rh`r thkfh ~lp~lvlcrv rhl pl~glfrkmc mg bkwkcldmwl~cilcr m~ `pmvrmakf ~|al# Kr kv rhl~lgm~lcm fmkcfkblcfl rh`r `r rhl `dl mg rtlawl rhlAm~b Elv|v t`v vkrrkcd ìmcd rhl rl`fhl~v kcrhl rlipal ZA|jl >Y# Thkal rhl ~l`bl~ i`{

nl `t`~l mg rhkv r~|rh! `cb im~l `v kr pl~)r`kcv rm rhl 0> r~knlv mg Kv~`la m~ rhl 0>`pmvralv fmiikvvkmclb n{ rhl Am~b: RhlVkdc _mvr ~lwkltlb rhl dlcl~`rkmcv g~mi@bì `cb bkvfmwl~lb vmilrhkcd |krl pm)rlcr# Rtlawl dlcl~`rkmcv g~mi @bì rhlAm~b fhmvl rm p|r `c `pmvrmakf i`cral mg dmwl~cilcr mc rhl dlcl~`rkmc mg @~p`fhvh`b thmvl cìl il`cv hlàl~-~lal`vl~# Rhlc `cmrhl~ 0> dlcl~`rkmcv g~mi@~p`fhvh`b rhl i`cral t`v p`vvlb mc rm rhl0> r~knlv mg Kv~`la! tkrh rhl r~knl mg E|b`hmnr`kckcd rhl hkdhlvr m~bl~ kc rh`r mggkfl#Cmt rhl~l kv i|fh ràj kc w`~km|v Fh~kvrk`cfk~falv `nm|r ` clt `pmvrmakf ~lgm~i`rkmccl`~ `r h`cb! n|r th`r kv cmr mgrlc bkvf|vvlbkv rhl d~l`r p~kfl rh`r kv p`kb n{ rhmvl |pmcthmi rhkv `pmvrmakf i`cral ~lvrv# Vlfmcba{!rhl ~lr|~c mg rhkv i`cral kv mcl rh`r ~lp~l)vlcrv ~lvrm~`rkmc mg rhl blvma`rl hl~kr`dlvàamrrlb rm rhmvl thm `~l fàalb n{ rhl cìlmg Dmb# Tl `~l rmab kc rhl rtm a`vr wl~vlv mg Ià`fhk Zrhl 0>rh nmmjY Nlhmab! K ì dmkcdrm vlcb {m| Lake`h rhl p~mphlr nlgm~l rhlfmikcd mg rhl d~l`r `cb rl~~knal b`{ mg rhlAm~b# Hl tkaa ~lvrm~l rhl hl`~rv mg rhl g`rhl~rm rhlk~ fhkab~lc `cb rhl hl`~rv mg rhl fhka)b~lc rm rhlk~ g`rhl~v! vm rh`r K tkaa cmr fmil`cb vikrl rhl a`cb tkrh ` f|~vl Ià`fhk 254# Tl a`rl~al`~clb rh`r ikbb`{ p`vvlb Zwl~vl >;Y `cbrhmvl thm tl~l fàakcd m|r rm rhlk~ dmbv dmr cm `cvtl~# Rhlc Lake`h v`kb rm rhl plmpalfmil cl`~ rm il # Vm àa rhl plmpal fìl

rm hki# @cbhl ~lp`k~lb rhl àr`~ mg rhl Am~bthkfh h`b nllc rm~c bmtc # Lake`h rmmj rtlawlvrmclv `ffm~bkcd rm rhl c|inl~ mg rhl r~knlv mg rhl vmcv mg E`fmn!rm thmi rhl tm~b mg rhlAm~b h`b fmil ! v`{kcd! Kv~`la vhàa nl {m|~cìl# Vm tkrh rhl vrmclv hl n|kar `c àr`~ kcrhl cìl mg rhl Am~b ! `cb hl i`bl ` r~lcfh `~m|cb rhl ar`~ a`~dl lcm|dh rm hmab rtmil`v|~lv mg vllb K Jkcdv 085 6?)6>#Rhl ~lr|~c mg rhl `pmvrmakf i`cral tkaa ~lvr mcrtm il`v|~lv mg vllb ZKv~`la `cb rhl dlcrkalN~kblY rm thmi rhl Tm~b ZElv|vY h`b fmil#Rhl `pmvrmakf ~lgm~i`rkmc f|~~lcra{ kc pa`fl kvmcl rh`r kv hlaa nlcr mc f~l`rkcd ` ~lgm~i`rkmcrh`c ` ~lvrm~`rkmc `cb tkvbmi bli`cbv rh`r tl jcmt rhl bkggl~lcfl nlrtllc rhl rtm#Vkipa{ ammj `r rhl tm~b ~l gm~i `rkmc `cbcmrl rh`r rhl p~l kx ~l9 Z~lr|~cY `cbgm~i Zrm i`jl ` vh`plY# Cmt mcl f`ccmr i`jl ` vh`pl g~mi rh`r thkfh kv à~l`b{gm~ilb |calvv hl n~l`jv th`r kv à~l`b{gm~ilb `cb n|kabv kr g~mi vf~`rfh# @ ~lgm~)i`rkmc imwlilcr kv rhl~lgm~l ` fm|crl~glkr mg ~lvrm~`rkmc tkrh rhl mnelfrkwl mg n~l`jkcdbmtc `cb ~ln|kabkcd th`r Dmb h`v à~l`b{i`bl `cb th`r Dmb v`kb mca{ cllbv rm nl ~l)p`k~lb `cb ~lvrm~lb rm krv m~kdkcà blvkdc# Rhl

`pmvrmakf~lvrm~`rkmc cmt |pmc |v kv `kilb`r ~lr|~ckcd rm rhl vrm~l hm|vl mg Dmb ZJkcdbmiY thl~l tl mnr`kc th`r kvcllblb rm ~lp`k~ th`r h`v nllc ~|kclb# Kc rhltm~b aklv rhl ~lwla`rkmc# Thlc tl ammj `r rhltm~b ~lvrm~`rkmc `d`kc rhl~l kv rhl p~lgkx~l 9 Z~lr|~cY `cb rhlc rhl~l kv rhl tm~b

~lvr Zrm fl`vl g~mi tm~jY! rhlc tl h`wl~lvrm~l Zrm n~kcd n`fj g~mi ` vr`rl mg ~|kcY!rhlc vrm~l Z` pa`fl thl~l rhkcdv `~l jlprY!~`r9 ~`r l Z` wà|l blvf~knkcd mcl |`crkr{ kcfmip`~kvmc rm `cmrhl~ |`crkr{Y `cb ~`r kmcZ` kxlb pm~rkmcY# K d`wl i{ rlì ilinl~vrhl r`vj mg kcbkcd m|r àa rhl tm~bv rh`r i`jlv |p rhl tm~b ^lvrm~`rkmc `cb rhlc`vjlb rhli rm pkcpmkcr rhl ilvv`dl rh`r kvhkbblc kc rhl tm~b# Mcl v|fh pl~vmc fìl|p tkrh àa rhl tm~bv K dmr Z~lr|~c! ~lvr! ~l)vrm~l! vrm~l! ~`rl `cb ~`rkmcY `cb gm~ilb rhkv

vr`rlilcr5 ^lr|~c rm Il! `cb lcrl~ I{ ~lvr!`cb K tkaa ~lvrm~l {m|! `cb dkwl {m| `fflvv rmrhl vrm~lv mg hl`wlc! thl~l rhl~l kv cm ~`)rkmc mca{ ` vrl`b{ ~`rl mg ~lal`vl mg rh`r thkfh kv {m|~v Rhl clxr pl~vmc dmr Z~lr|~c!~lvr! vrm~l `cb ~`rkmcY `cb gm~ilb rhkv vr`rl)ilcr5 ^lr|~c `cb ~lvr kc rhl Am~b! b|~kcdrkilv mg ~`rkmc! jcmtkcd rh`r {m| h`wlvrm~lb |p r~l`v|~lv kc hl`wlca{ vrm~l)hm|vlv! àamtkcd rhl Am~b rm ~lvrm~l th`r rhl lcli{ h`v r`jlc N{ p|rrkcd rhl il`c)kcd mg rhl tm~bv K ~lflkwlb m|r mg ~lvrm~`rkmcK i`bl rhl gmaamtkcd vr`rlilcr5 ^lr|~c rmrhl Am~b! `cb fl`vl g~mi {m|~ tm~jv `cb Hltkaa ~lp`k~ th`r h`v nllc ~|kclb `cb g~miHkv vrm~l hm|vl kc hl`wlc thl~l Hkv r~l`v)|~lv `~l jlpr: Hl tkaa dkwl {m| rh`r thkfhh`v ` wà|l rh`r f`ccmr nl il`v|~lb `cb `pm~rkmc kxlb kc Hki# Kc àa rh~ll vr`rlilcrv!rhl gk~vr tm~b vllc kv ~lr|~c p~mwkcd rh`r tkrhm|r ~lplcr`cfl Z~lr|~ckcd rm DmbY tlf`ccmr hmpl rm ~lp`k~ th`r h`v nllc ~|kclb#Elv|v tm~l rhl `pmvrmakf i`cral akjl rhlp~mphlrv nlgm~l Hki `cb m|r mg Hkv im|rh `vHl nld`c rm p~l`fh rhl jkcdbmi Hl v`kb

~lplcr! gm~ rhl Jkcdbmi mg hl`wlc kv `r h`cb# Rhl~lgm~l! tkrhm|r ~lplcr`cfl rhl~ltkaa nl cm ~lvr! cm ~lvrm~`rkmc `cb `nvma|rla{cm `fflvv rm rhl vrm~lhm|vl mg hl`wlc# @d`kctl tkaa al`~c rhl vr`~j bkggl~lcfl nlrtllcrhl i`cral `cb rhl rkral nlf`|vl rhl i`cralvpl`jv mg rhl pl~vmc thm kv fmwl~lb kc rhlVpk~kr `cb vlcr kc rhl `|rhm~kr{ mg rhl Vpk~kr rma`{ rhl gm|cb`rkmc mg ~lplcr`cfl |pmc thkfhrhl Am~b kv `nal rm ~lvrm~l rh`r thkfh h`vnllc ~|kclb n{ vkc# Rkral hmabl~v mg rhl cìl`pmvral tkaa nl lxpmvlb gm~ g~`|b! `v rhl

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4/242

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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hundred_Years%27_Warhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hundred_Years%27_Warhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward_III_of_Englandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Englandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1337http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1337http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1337http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Englandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward_III_of_Englandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hundred_Years%27_War


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dmvpla rm p`|pl~v `cb p~kcflv! thkal a`nm~kcd`t`{ `r hkv d~l`rlvr r`vj: rhl r~`cva`rkmc mg rhl Vf~kpr|~lv kcrm rhl Lcdakvh a`cd|`dl gm~lwl~{ i`c rm ~l`b rhl Nknal kc rhl a`cd|`dlkc thkfh hl t`v nm~c#

Rhl a`nm~ rmmj ` rmaa mc hkv nmb{ `cb rhltm~j t`v vrmpplb gm~ ` n~klg imilcr#Tmawlv kc vhllp famrhkcd d`rhl~lb `r hkv nlb)vkbl! hmpkcd hl tm|ab bkl n|r cmr nlgm~l hlfmcglvvlb rhl vkcv hl fmiikrrlb `d`kcvr ^mil thm hlab rhl rkral mg nlkcd rhl fh|~fh#[m| h`wl bl`rh mc {m|~ akpv rhl{ v`kb nlrm|fhlb n{ {m|~ g`|arv! `cb ~lr~`fr kc m|~ p~lvlcfl àa rh`r {m| h`wl v`kb rm m|~ kce|~{#T{fakggl akvrlclb! vkdcàlb gm~ hkv `rrlcb`cr

rm ~`kvl hki |p kc rhl nlb! `cb ammjkcd `r rhltmawlv! akjl ` akmc hl ~lpaklb: K vhàa cmr bkl!n|r akwl! `cb `d`kc blfa`~l rhl lwka bllbv mg rhl g~k`~v# Rhl{ àa i`bl h`vrl g~mi hkv~mmi `cb hl a`rl~ ~mvl g~mi hkv nlb! vrkaa g~`kakc nmb{ n|r vh`~p kc ikcb `cb fmipalrlb rhltm~j# Tl hmab i`c{ bkggl~lcr wl~vkmcv mg rhlNknal rmb`{! `cb i`c{ h`~ba{ ~l`b rhli! n|r kc rhl 02rh flcr|~{! rhl `~r mg p~kcrkcd t`vvrkaa |cjcmtc `cb ^milv r{~`cc{ t`v v|fhrh`r rhl{ mca{ t`crlb rhl ~kfh `cb rhlal`~clb `g kak`rlb rm rhl vpk~kr mg `crk)Fh~kvr rm

hmab ` fmp{ mg rhl v`f~lb rlxr# T{fakgglvf`|vl! t`v rhl fàa rm dkgr rm rhl Lcdakvhvpl`jkcd dlcl~`rkmcv `grl~ Hki! rhl p~mgm|cbpmtl~ mg rhl Tm~b mg Dmb# Kr t`v cm viàa|cbl~r`jkcd tkrh V`r`cv vmcv! ~`rhl~ kr t`v `bllp ~lvrm~`rkwl `fr rh`r h`|crv rhl hmvr mg

lwka kc rhl hl`wlca{ pa`flv rm rhkv b`{# Kcbl`rh `v kc akgl! T{fakggl! akjl hkv I`vrl~! d`wlhkv lcliklv cm ~lvr kc rhlk~ r{~`cc{# Kr kv cmtmcbl~ rhlc! rh`r gm~r{ {l`~v `grl~ hkv bl`rh!n{ rhl blf~ll mg rhl ^mi`c F`rhmakf Fh|~fhwk` rhl Fm|cfka mg Fmcvr`cfl! hkv nmclv tl~llxh|ilb Zb|d |pY `cb n|~clb p|nakfa{ `cbhkv `vhlv vf`rrl~lb kcrm ` clkdhnm|~kcdn~mmj# Hmtlwl~! rhl wl~{ vpk~kr rh`r ~lvrlbmc Lake`h! `cb kc bm|nal pm~rkmc mc Lakvh`!thmvl nmclv i`bl rhl bl`b i`c vr`cb mchkv gllr Z> Jkcdv 065 >?)>0Y t`v rhl wl~{vìl Vpk~kr|à lvvlcfl akcdl~kcd mc rhlnmclv mg T{fakggl# Cmt hkvrm~{ ~lfm~bv rh`r rhl p~kcrkcd p~lvv t`v kcwlcrlb kc rhl Hma{^mi`c Lipk~l ) thm tl~l ~lvpmcvknal gm~lxh|ikcd T{fakgglv nmclv# \cnljcmtc rmrhli! t`v rhl g`fr rh`r rhl{ `t`jlclb `cb~lal`vlb rhl i`cral mc T{fakggl rm gàa mcilc akjl Emhc H|vv! I`~rkc A|rhl~! Tkddalv)tm~rh! `cb ` hmvr mg mrhl~v kc rhl flcr|~klvgmaamtkcd#

Rhm|dh rhl p~kcrkcd p~lvv t`v kcwlcrlb kcrhl lcliklv fìp! rhl Vpk~kr mg rhl Am~bp~lvvlb mc tkrh Hkv tm~j! kip~kcrkcd rhlA`t mg ~kdhrlm|vclvv mc rhl hl`~r mg h|i`c)kr{# Kc rhl >0vr flcr|~{ tl tkaa vll v|fh `frvmcfl `d`kc! cmr kc mcl n|r kc ` d~l`r glt mg rhl vmcv mg Dmb tl`~kcd rhl i`cral mg rhl`pmvral gm~ rhl v`jl mg bkvpa`{kcd rhl ~lvrm~)`rkwl `frv mg rhl Jkcdbmi mg Dmb `nmwl rhljkcdbmiv mg rhkv tm~ab#

@ikbvr rhl fh`mv aklv rhl f~mvv

Emhc T{fakggl5 Rhl _~kcfl ^lvrm~l~ mg rhl 02rh Flcr|~{


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Rhl n~m`b r~lcbv rh`r h`wl vm g`~ g~ìlbrhl >0vr flcr|~{ f`c nl nlvr |cbl~vrmmb n{th`r kv cmt aldà gm~ plmpal rm bm `ffm~bkcdrm rhl kcrl~c`rkmcà ~|al mg a`t rh`r kv pkm)cll~lb n{ rhl L\ )\C fmcwlcrkmcv! fmcgl~)lcflv `cb fmwlc`crv# Kc rhl @|r|ic kvv|l mg

Rhl Vkdc _mvr! tl lxpam~lb rhl vm fàalb CltTm~ab M~bl~ rh`r h`v nllc lvr`nakvhlb n{ rhlL\ )\C! bl kckcd kr `v ` V`r`ckfàa{ kc a|)lcflb ~lakdkm|v m~bl~ rh`r lxpamkrv ~lakdkm|v!lfmcmikf `cb pmakrkfà pmtl~ rm vhkgr rhltlàrh mg c`rkmcv `cb kcbkwkb|à fmcvfklcfl|cbl~ ` vkcdal ~|al mg a`t kc m~bl~ rm |vhl~ kcrhl ~lkdc mg rhl `crk )Fh~kvr N{ r~`fkcd rhl~mmrv mg rhkv m~bl~ n`fj rm rhl d`~blc d`rlvmg Lblc! tl tl~l nlvr `nal rm |cbl~vr`cb rhlvr~|fr|~l mg rhl L\ )\C `cb rhl damnà p|vh rmh`wl àa mg h|i`ckr{ akwl |cbl~ rhl kcrl~c`)

rkmcà ~|al mg a`t mg V`r`c# Rhl Vkdc _mvr! h`vnllc dkwlc ` viàa ~mal rm pa`{ kc cmr mca{n~kcdkcd {m| `~rkfalv mg rhl rkilv kc ~lalw`cflrm rhl Vf~kpr|~lv! n|r àvm rm hlap kc g~llkcdikcbv n{ ammjkcd `r rhl `cfklcr il`ckcd mg imbl~c tm~bv nlgm~l rhl{ h`wl nllc ~l )f~`grlb rm ~l alfr rhl vpk~kr mg rhl `dl#

Rhl a`t kv vpk~kr|à ^mi`cv 4502! nl kr rh`r thkfh kvv|lv gm~rh g~mi rhl im|rh mg rhl Hma{Vpk~kr m~ g~mi rhl im|rh mg rhl |cfal`c vpk~kr ZV`r`cY# Cmt! rhl bkggl~lcfl nlrtllc rhl A`t

mg Dmb: rhl Hma{ Vpk~kr! `cb rhl a`t mg V`r`c:rhl |cfal`c vpk~kr! kv rh`r Dmbv A`t kv |ckwl~)và `cb V`r`cv a`t kv kcrl~c`rkmcà# Th`r bm Kil`c n{ rhkv= @d`kc rhl il`ckcd mg |ckwl~vlkv hkbblc kc rhl i`jl |p mg rhl tm~b|ckwl~vl |ck `cb wl~vl# \ck kv p~l kx rmrhl tm~b |ckr thkfh il`cv `nmwl àa lavlmcl m~ ` vkcdal |cbkwkblb lcrkr{ m~ thmalthkal wl~vl ~lgl~v rm vkcdal ilr~kfà akcl kc `fmipmvkrkmc# \cbl~vr`cbkcd rhl fmipmvkrkmcmg rhl |ckwl~vl! kv rm |cbl~vr`cb rhkv mclwl~vl thl~lkc rhl Am~b v`kb Alr rhl~l nl#

Thlc ilcrkmc kv i`bl mg rhl |ckwl~vl tl`~l kc àa r~|rh `rrlvrkcd rm rhl f~l`rkwl p~m)cm|cflilcr mg Dmb: Alr rhl~l nl# C`rkmcvtl~l cmr i`bl mc l`~rh |crka ` nmb{ t`vgm~ilb g~mi rhl b|vr mg rhl l`~rh gm~ rhl i`ci`bl kc rhl ki`dl mg Dmb )@bì# Kr kv t~krrlc: Hl i`bl g~mi mcl i`c ) lwl~{ c`rkmc mg i`cjkcb rm akwl mc àa rhl g`fl mg rhll`~rh @frv 045>7# fmc k~ikcd _vàiv >250rhl l`~rh kv rhl Am~bv ! `cb àa kr fmcr`kcv!rhl tm~ab! `cb rhmvl thm btlaa kc krThlc Dmb v`kb! Alr rhl~l nl àa rhkcdv

fìl kcrm nlkcd rh~m|dh Hki! `cb `p`~r g~mi Hki cmrhkcd fìl kcrm nlkcd rh`r h`vfmil kcrm nlkcd Emhc 056 # B`ka{ tl bkl n{rhl tm~bv tl |vl! {lr h`wl cm vpk~kr|à |c)bl~vr`cbkcd mg `cb vm rhl Am~b Elv|v t`~clbrh`r ilc tkaa h`wl rm dkwl `c `ffm|cr mc

c`rkmc ilinl~ mg rhl L\ )\C kv kc ` vr~mcd)hmab mg blnr tkrhm|r fmcr~ma mwl~ rhlk~ c`)rkmcà vmwl~lkdcr{! gm~ mcfl ` c`rkmc nlfmilv` ilinl~ mg rhl L\ )\C! rhl{ dkwl |p àa rh`r Dmb h`v dkwlc rm rhli tkrhkc rhlk~ nm~bl~v rmrhl amwlalvv ~|al mg V`r`c# Rhl g`fr rh`r Kv~`la

kv ` ilinl~ mg rhl \C! i`jlv kr tm~vl gm~lwl~{ mrhl~ c`rkmc! nlf`|vl rhl{ tl~l rhl

mclv fhmvlc rm vp~l`b rhl Am~bv @|bknalT `~ckcdv rh~m|dhm|r rhl l`~rh# Gm~glkrkcdrhl d~l`r fmiikvvkmc h`wkcd hl`~b rhl `|bk)nal wmkfl fmii`cbv mg Dmb! rhl n~mrhl~ c`)rkmcv rm Kv~`la `~l nm|cb kc fmvikf bkv`vrl~#@v rhl c`rkmcv mg rhl tm~ab d`rhl~lb mc rhllwl mg rhl >0vr flcr|~{! ` g`krh kc V`r`c t`vkckrk`rlb `v rhl{ vkdclb rhl \ckrlb C`rkmcvIkaalcck|i Blfa`~`rkmc tkrh krv k~vr mplc)

kcd vr`rlilcr v`{kcd5 Tl! hl`bv mg Vr`rl `cb Dmwl~cilcr h`wl d`rhl~lb `r rhl \ckrlb C`)rkmcv Hl`b |`~rl~v kc Clt [m~j g~mi 7 rm 8 Vlprlinl~ >???! `r rhl b`tc mg ` clt Ikaalc)

ck|i! rm ~l`g k~i m|~ g`krh kc rhl M~d`c)ku`rkmcv cb krv Fh`~rl~ v kcbkvplcv`nal gm|c)b`rkmcv mg ` im~l pl`flg|a! p~mvpl~m|v! `cb e|vr tm~ab

Kv kr cmr t~krrlc rh`r5cm i`c f`c a`{ ` gm|c)b`rkmc mrhl~ rh`c rhl mcl thkfh kv a`kb!thkfh kv Elv|v Fh~kvr 0 Fm~kcrhk`cv 6500#Rhl~lgm~l! rhl \C fh`~rl~ kv ` kcbkvplcv`nalgm|cb`rkmc lvr`nakvhlb mc vkcjkcd v`cb! gàvlkc g`krh `cb nm|cb rm ` g`rl mg kcbkvplcv`nalblvr~|frkmc# Rhl |ckwl~và a`t rh`r p~mfllblbg~mi rhl im|rh mg rhl Am~b t`v a`kb nlgm~lrhl f~l`rkmc mg rhl hl`wlcv `cb rhl l`~rh `cbthlc rhl hl`wlcv `cb rhl l`~rh tl~l i`bl!rhl{ tl~l a`kb |pmc rhl |ckwl~vl mg Dmb: rh`r mcl wl~vl thkfh v`kb Alr rhl~l nl# Rhl Kcrl~)c`rkmcà Fm|~r mg E|vrkfl gm~ilb kc 0;2< thlcrhl \ckrlb C`rkmcv t`v kip~mwlb |pmc g~mirhl Al`d|l mg C`rkmcv! `~l rhl `dlcfklv mg

V`r`c! `cb rhmvl thm vmakfkr e|vrkfl g~mi v|fhfm|~rv tkaa kcb rh`r rhl rkral bmlv cmr ~l alfr rhl bllbv mg rhl `dlcf{ m~ `c{ mrhl~ `vvmfk`r)lb tkrh rhl \ckrlb C`rkmcv `cb rhl Kcrl~c`)rkmcà fmii|ckr{ mg rhl L|~mpl`c \ckmc rh`r rhl \C nmb{ `ffm|crv rm# @v rhl Am~b fmcrkc)|lv rm vh`jl rhl gm|cb`rkmcv mg rhl amwlalvva`t mg V`r`c! rhl c`rkmcv rh`r h`wl nllcpa`flb kc rhl d~`wl mg rhl Kcrl~c`rkmcà ^|al mg A`t mg rhl L\ )\C tkaa nl `t`jlclb g~mi rhld~`wlv mg bl`rh `cb blnr g|a kaakcd H`n`jj|j >54)8 tkaa cmr {m|~ f~lbkrm~v ~kvl |p v|b)

blca{! `cb rhmvl thm {m| fmaalfr g~mi {m|`t`jlc= Kcbllb! {m| tkaa nlfmil pa|cbl~ gm~ rhli# Nlf`|vl {m| h`wl ammrlb i`c{ c`rkmcv! àa rhl ~li`kcbl~ mg rhl plmpalvtkaa ammr {m| @ILC

rhl b`{ mg e|bdilcr gm~ lwl~{ f`~lalvvtm~b rhl{ h`wl vpmjlc# Gm~ n{ {m|~ tm~bv{m| tkaa nl `f |krrlb `cb n{ {m|~ tm~bv{m| tkaa nl fmcbliclb I`rrhlt 0>567 )64

Ilcrkmc mg rhl tm~b kcrl~c`rkmcà `vv`kav rhlikcb tkrh rhl ki`dlv mg ` fmiimc clrtm~j mg h|i`ckr{ thl~lkc tl `~l àa nm|cb n{ rhlvìl ~làkrklv# Rhl `~blcr `bwl~rkvlilcr mg damnàku`rkmc rhl damnà wkaa`dl! tm~ab fkrk)ulc `cb ` hmvr mg mrhl~ tm~ba{ `cb tm~aba{ lwkav h`v r~`pplb rhl hmvr mg h|i`ckr{ kc rhlvr~mcdhmab mg V`r`c# @v ` p~l kx kcrl~ blcmrlvrhl kbl` mg nlkcd nlrtllc! ìmcd m~ i|r|àa{rmdlrhl~ dkwkcd rhl tm~b kcrl~c`rkmcà `t`~i g|uu{ gllakcd mg h|i`ckr{v rmdlrhl~)clvv # Hmtlwl~! nlgm~l kr nlfìl ` p~l kx! kcrhl l`~a{ 02??v Z07Dmb i`bl g~mi mcl i`c fìl lwl~{ c`rkmcalrrkcd |v jcmt rh`r i`c kv ` c`rkmc# Rhl~l)gm~l! kcrl~)c`rkmc fmilv tkrh ` bm|nal il`c)kcd mc mcl h`cb kr vpl`jv mg ` i|r|à rmdlrh)l~clvv mg h|i`ckr{! `cb mc rhl mrhl~ h`cb kr vpl`jv mg rhl KCRL^) pa`fl kc rhl d~`wl gm~C@RKMC) i`c m~ ` pa`fl kc ` d~`wl gm~i`c # Kr kv t~krrlc rh~m|dh mcl i`cZ@bìY vkc lcrl~lb kcrm rhl tm~ab! `cbbl`rh rh~m|dh vkc! `cb vm bl`rh vp~l`b rm

àa ilc! nlf`|vl àa vkcclb ^mi`cv #@bì gm|cb ` pa`fl kc rhl d~`wl gm~ hkivlag `cb lwl~{ mcl rh`r vp~`cd g~mi hki! thlc hlblwk`rlb g~mi rhl Tm~b ZElv|vY mg rhl a`t rhl|ck )wl~vl# Rhl Kcrl~c`rkmcà ^|al mg A`t ! |c)bl~ thkfh àa ilinl~ c`rkmcv mg rhl L|~mpl`c\ckmc\ckrlb C`rkmcv kv f|~~lcra{ fmwlc`crlbtkrh rmb`{ kc |cbl~ rhl a`t mg vkc `cb bl`rh#Gmaamtkcd mc g~mi ^mi`cv ! wl~vl 06 rlaav|v gm~ |crka rhl A`t Z Fmii`cbilcr mg rhlAm~bYvkc t`v kc rhl tm~ab! n|r vkc kv cmr kip|rlb thlc rhl~l kv cm a`t# Rhl ~|al mg

a`t |cbl~ thkfh rhl c`rkmcv kc fmwlc`cr tkrhrhl L\ )\C v{vrli kv rh`r thkfh `|rmi`rkfàa{`rr~`frv rhl t~`rh mg Dmb mc rhmvl c`rkmcv! gm~|cbl~ rhl rlclrv mg rhl a`t mg rhl Kcrl~c`rkmcà fmii|ckr{ rhl Am~b vllv mca{ bl`rh vm kr kv cmfmkcfkblcfl rh`r lwl~{

Rhl Hln~lt Ikcb )vlr mc5 Rhl \ckwl~và A`t mg Dmb ' rhl Kcrl~c`rkmcà A`t mg I`c


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Kr kv t~krrlc ###lwl~{ g`fr kv rm nl fmc k~ilb n{rhl rlvrkimc{ mg rtm m~ rh~ll tkrclvvlv >Fm~kcrhk`cv 0650# Akjltkvl ` vkcdal tkrclvvvhàa cmr ~kvl |p `d`kcvr ` i`c mc `ffm|cr mg `c{ kck |kr{ m~ `c{ vkc thkfh hl h`v fmiikr)rlb: mc rhl lwkblcfl mg rtm mg rh~ll tkrclvvlv` i`rrl~ vhàa nl fmc k~ilb Bl|rl~mcmi{0;50?00! Rkil f`~~klb rhl

fmwl~ p`dl RhlBlfakcl `cbgàa mg L|~mpl`cb h`wkcd kc)wlvrkd`rlb rhlvf~kpr|~lv! vll)kcd kr pkcclb`f~mvv ` vlf|a`~`cb pmp|a`~cltv ilbk|iv|fh `v Rkil!tl tkvh rm lc)akdhrlc m|~

~l`bl~v mc ` glt jl{ pmkcrv mg ~lalw`cfl# RhlL|~mumcl f~kvkv m~ Vmwl~lkdc blnr F~kvkv `v kr kv |v|àa{ fàalb! bmlv gm~lvh`bmt rhl lcb mg rhl l|~m `v rhl al`bkcd f|~~lcf{ mg rhl L|~m)pl`c \ckmc# Rhl L|~mpl`c \ckmc thkfh kvdmwl~clb n{ rhl L|~mpl`c N`cj! mpl~`rkcd

àmcdvkbl rhl kcrl~c`rkmcà n`cjl~v mg rhl D>?!`~l cmr kc rhl al`vr nkr kcrl~lvrlb kc v`wkcd rhll|~m `v rhl al`bkcd f|~~lcf{ mg rhl L\! gm~rhlk~ dmà kv i|fh nkddl~ rh`c rhl gmf|v mg imcl{ rh`r rhl{ `~l `nal rm p~kcr `r rhl p|vh mg ` n|rrmc# Rhl blbkf`rkmc mg rhl kcrl~c`rkmcàp~lvv rm nmin`~b rhl tm~ab tkrh rhl blfakcl mg rhl L|~mumcl kv ` bkvr~`frkmc f~l`rkcd ` vimjlvf~llc rm rhl nkddl~ kvv|l `r h`cb5 rhl ~|al mg rhl a`t mg rhl L\ fmiikvvkmcl~v# N`fj mcp`dl 2! {m| tl~l vhmtc rh`r rhl pmakrkfà`t`jlckcd rh`r nld`c kc rhl 00vr flcr|~{! àamtkcd ` vpk~)kr|à `t`jlckcd rm r`jl flcr~l vr`dl mcfl`d`kc# Rhl >?rh flcr|~{ Z0;?? )>???Y t`v rhla`vr ald mg 4 flcr|~klv mg pmakrkfà `t`jlckcd`cb kr kv b|~kcd rhkv rkil! rh`r rhl r~l`rklv |pmcthkfh rhl L\! `cb \C tl~l gm|cblb àvm

damnà dmwl~c`cfl mwl~ rhl vmwl~lkdcr{ mg c`rkmcv# @ cmr`nal bwmf`rl gm~ rhl L|~mpl`c\ckmc! I`~j Almc`~b! kc >??< ~lal`vlb `nmmj rkralb Th{ L|~mpl tkaa ~|c rhl >0vr Flcr|~{ `cb |pmc ~l`bkcd rhl kcr~mb|frkmc Kt`v b~`tc rm ` p`~`d~`ph! rh`r v|ii`~kvlv

rhl ~lakdkm|v! lfmcmikf `cb pmakrkfà kblàv mg rhl ~|akcd lakrl mg L|~mpl `cb rhl L\# Rhl~l!Almc`~b v`kb |cbl~ rhl v|nrkral5 Rhl _~melfr mg ` Clt L|~mpl`c Flcr|~{ :

Ki`dkcl tm~ab mg pl`fl p~mvpl~kr{ `cb blimf~`f{# @ tm~ab thl~l viàafm|cr~klv ~l v vmwl~lkdc v a`~dlmclv# @ tm~ab thl~l th`r i`rrl~v kv

rh`r {m| mnl{ rhl a`t) ~`rhl~ rh`c thlrhl~ {m| `~l tkrh |v m~ `d`kcvr |v:

thl~l {m|~ blimf~`rkf wà|lv ~lim~l kipm~r`cr rh`c th`r {m| h`wl

bmcl kc rhl t`~ mc rl~~m~ rhkv tllj#: thlc {m| f`c h`wl pmp|a`rkmc mg e|vr 2?? ??? cb nl p`~r mg rhl nkd)dlvr lfmcmi{ kc rhl tm~ab# Th`r K ì

`vjkcd {m| rm ki`dkcl kv rhl Clt L|~m)pl`c Flcr|~{

Rhm|dh imcl{ kv rhl gm~limvr rhkcd mc lwl~{)mclv ikcb! `cb ràjv mg ` fmikcd f`vhalvv vmfk)

lr{ h`v nllc rh~mtc `~m|cb n{ rhl damnà il)bk`! i`c{ h`wl cmr i`~~klb rhl rtm vlp`~`rlr~|rhv# Gk~vra{! lwl~{ c`rkmc Zi`c `cb fm|cr~{Yrh`r kv kc blnr kv f`vhalvv! gm~ f`vhalvv il`cvrhl `nvlcfl mg imcl{ `cb rhl wl~{ imilcr {m| r`jl mc ` f~lbkr f`~b ZblnrY! {m| h`wl`bmprlb f`vhalvvclvv# Rhl pv{fhmamd{ mg f`vhalvv kc rhl l{lv mg V`r`c kv cmr th`r tl|cbl~vr`cb kr rm nl `v r`|dhr m~ hmt tl kcbk)wkb|àa{ fhmmvl rm rhkcj nm|r kr# V`r`c kv `vpk~kr )nlkcd `cb hkv `frkwkrklv i|vr nl kcrl~)p~lrlb tkrh vpk~kr|à bkvfl~cilcr `cb cmr

alvha{ kcrlaalfr# Rhl~lgm~l! imcl{ kv cmr mc rhlikcb mg V`r`c `v kr kv mc m|~v! V`r`c h`v cm |vlgm~ rhl rlipm~à rhkcdv kc rhkv tm~ab! gm~ hl kv`grl~ rhl lrl~cà rhkcdv rh`r i`rrl~v rm Dmb# Hkvb~lì gm~ àa dlcl~`rkmcv mg h|i`ckr{! kv m|~`fflpr`cfl mg hkv àrl~`rkmcv kc rkilv `cb kca`t B`ckla 45>??8! t`v tm~vl rh`c rhl 0;6?v blp~lv)vkmc `cb |p rm rhl lcb mg >?00 kr dmr cm nlr)rl~! n|r clt a`tv `~l cmt kc pa`fl rh`r rhli`vvlv `~l cmr ~limrla{ `t`~l mg {lr rh`r tkaa r|~c rhlk~ `rrlcrkmc vmmc lcm|dh g~mirhl n|~blc mg rhl n|bdlr rm rhl vpk~kr|à

n|~blc mg rhlk~ nlkcd# Cmt! kc m~bl~ gm~ mclrm v|ggl~ ` gàa! hl i|vr nl `r ` fl~r`kchlkdhr# Rhl~lgm~l kc rhl blfakcl mg L|~mplrhl >0vr flcr|~{ tkaa vll V`r`c ~kvl rm rhlhkdhlvr vl`r mg tm~ab pmtl~ nlgm~l hl v|g)gl~v ` bl`ba{ gàa# @v hl p~mfllbv rm rhkv vl`r mg pmtl~! rhl ~lakdkm|v! lfmcmikf `cb pmakrk)fà vphl~lv mg kc a|lcfl |pmc thkfh hl h`vlvr`nakvhlb hkv rh~mcl tkaa vrkaa fmcrkc|l rmblfakcl `f~mvv rhl tm~ab nlgm~l kr fmaa`pvlvgm~ dmmb# R~|a{ rhl p~kbl mg V`r`c i|vr dmnlgm~l hkv blvr~|frkmc `cb hkv h`|dhr{ vpk~kr

nlgm~l hkv gàa5 _~mwl~nv 07508# Hkv p~kbl kvcmt kc blfakcl! n|r hkv gàa kv {lr rm fmil#Rhl~lgm~l `v tl mnvl~wl rhl blfakcl mg L|)~mpl! tl `~l àvm nl`~kcd tkrclvv rm rhlfmikcd gàa mg rhl jkcdbmiv mg rhkv tm~abv:rhlc tl vhàa vll Dmbv jkcdbmiv#

Kcrl~p~lrkcd rhl Blfakcl `cb Gàa mg L|~mpl


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Vpk~kr|à p~mwkbl~v kc rhl p`vr h`wl ~l)|k~lb ` h|dl ìm|cr mg fmiikrilcr ) vkc)

dal blkr{ fa`|vlv! fmip|avm~{ dmmbclvv! `cb ` akr`c{ mg i{vrkg{kcd i|inm ) e|inm# Kr kvcm tmcbl~ rh`r plmpal `~l vtkrfhkcd rmIìimc

Iìimc kvcr rhl nkddlvr pa`{l~ kc rhl vpk~kr|à ~`fl# N|r m|~ `nkakr{ rm blakwl~ mcm|~ p~mikvlv kv |ck |l# @cb m|~ im~à alxk)nkakr{ |ci`rfh`nal#

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R~{ Iìimc

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rhl dmb mg ~kfhlvY# Imcl{ ~li`kcv mcl mg rhlp~ki`~{ bkvr~`frkmcv mg m|~ rkilv! `cb ika)akmcv `~l v|ggl~kcd g~mi pl~plr|à n~mjlc)clvv f`|vlb n{ vlwl~l blnr# \cbl~vr`cb`na{!tkrh imcl{ tl `~l `nal rm p|~fh`vl m|~kcb|adlcflv! vlf|~l kc a|lcfl! lcd`dl kcfh`~kr{! famrh! gllb `cb vhlarl~ m|~vlawlv# N|r rhlvl `~l e|vr rhl lxrl~cà gm~flv mg imcl{#Vf~kpr|~l rlaav |v rh`r: tkvbmi kv ` vhlarl~!`v imcl{ kv ` vhlarl~ n|r rhl `bw`cr`dl mg jcmtalbdl kv rhkv5 rh`r tkvbmi p~lvl~wlv

rhl akgl mg krv pmvvlvvm~ Lffalvk`vrlv 450>#Tkvbmi kv nmrh `c kcrl~cà `cb pl~i`clcr vhlarl~ rh`r p~lvl~wlv rhl akgl mg rhmvl r~|a{pmvvlvvlb n{ rhl tkvbmi mg Dmb kc rhlk~vpk~krv# Mc rhl mrhl~ h`cb! imcl{ kv `c lxrl~)cà vhlarl~! `cb tkrhm|r kr! kg {m| h`wlTkvbmi ZElv|vY `v ` g~klcb Hl tkaa p~mwkblgm~ àa {m|~ cllbv `ffm~bkcd rm rhl ~kfhlv kc

dam~{# Kr kv rhl tkvbmi mg Dmb rh`r dkwlv |vrhl `nkakr{ rm p~mb|fl tlàrh ZBl|rl~mcmi{8508Y# Imcl{ kv `c `rr~kn|rl mg tlàrh n|r kr cmr tlàrh# Rm rhmvl tl h`wl lcr~|vrlb m|~ikcbv rm! rhl{ h`wl r`|dhr |v rm rhkcj mg imcl{ `v tlàrh# Rhl imilcr tl vr`~r rhkcjkcd mg imcl{ `v tlàrh! tl `|rmi`rk)fàa{ r|~c m|~ ìnkrkmcv kc `f |k~kcd imcl{rm rhl dam~{ mg iìimc# Vhm|ab tl ~lpa`fltkvbmi gm~ Elv|v `cb ~l~l`b Lffalvk`vrlv450> tl tm|ab h`wl5 Elv|v kv ` vhlarl~! `vimcl{ kv ` vhlarl~ n|r rhl `bw`cr`dl rm

rhmvl thm h`wl jcmtalbdl mg rhkv kv5 rh`r Elv|v p~lvl~wlv rhl akgl mg rhl mcl Hl pmv)vlvvlv# Rhl vpk~kr mg Iìimc mggl~lb Elv|vrhl jkcdbmiv mg rhl tm~ab `cb rhlk~ dam~{!n|r rhl vpk~kr mg tkvbmi ~lfmdckulb rh`r kc`fflprkcd rhl ~kfhlv mggl~lb rm Hki! Hl

tm|ab àvm cllb rm p`{ hmi`dl rm V`r`c# Kv kr cmr t~krrlc: rhl ~kfh ~|alv mwl~ rhl pmm~!`cb rhl nm~~mtl~ nlfmilv rhl alcbl~vva`wl = _~mwl~nv >>54# Hmtlwl~ r~|rh lx)hm~rv |v rm `fjcmtalbdl rhl g`fr rh`r tltl~l nm|dhr tkrh ` p~kfl: Z vm tl tm|abcr

h`wl rm Y nlfmil va`wlv mg ilc 0 Fm~kc)rhk`cv 45>6# Thlc ` pl~vmc nlfmilv ` nl)aklwl~ Z cmr e|vr ` Fh~kvrk`c)n{ cìlY! rhlAm~b nldkcv ` p~mflvv mg f~lbkr ~lvrm~`rkmc#Rhl nammb mg Elv|v f`cflav rhl blnr tl mtlV`r`c n{ kcwlvrkcd Hkv akgl `v ` p`{ilcr gm~

rhl am`cv tl rmmj m|r tkrh V`r`c# Kc lvvlcflHl nlfmilv m|~ d|`~`crm~! n`cjl~ `cb kc)v|~l~ e|vr n{ Hkv nammb! `cb `f f~lbkrv Hkv~kdhrlm|vclvv rm |v rh`r tl tkaa nl blnr g~ll `cb bl`rh g~ll# Hl gm~dkwlv |v mg m|~blnrv! `cb dkwlv |v kcvkdhr mc hmt rm kcrl~)p~lr `cb mwl~fmil V`r`cvam`c vh`~jv `cb im~l ki)pm~r`cra{! hmt rm f~l`rl `cbi`c`dl tlàrh# Rm dlr mcDmbv f~lbkr ~`rkcd!mcl i|vr i`jl `c kcwlvrilcr mg mnl)bklcfl ! rh|v mnr`kckcd ` vl)f|~lb am`c mc ~kdhrlm|vclvvrh`r d|`~`crllv rh`r àa rhlclflvvkrklv mg akgl `~l fmwl~lbn{ Dmb# N{ n|{kcd m|~ blnrvm|r mg rhl ~kfhlv mg Hkv dam~{ `cb `vv|~kcdm|~ tlàrh n{ |vkcd Hkv nammb `v ` akgl kcv|~)`cfl pmakf{ gm~ |v! rhl mca{ rhkcd tl cllb rmbm kc m~bl~ cmr rm elmp`~bkul rhl `~~`cdl)ilcrv kv nlkcd mnlbklcr rm Hkv wmkfl fmi)i`cbv# \crka {m| i`jl `c kcwlvrilcr kcmnlbklcfl! {m|~ rkrhlv tkaa cmr nl `nal rmfmwl~ th`r {m| mtl V`r`cv n`cjv! clkrhl~tkaa {m|~ mwl~b~`grv g~mi hkv n`cjv! vlf|~l{m|~ kcrl~lvrv tkrhm|r im~l blnr# I`c{ p`{rhlk~ rkrhlv m|r mg blnr lwl~{ imcrh rm rhlk~~lvplfrkwl V|cb`{ glaamtvhkpv `cb vrkaa {lr h`wl cmr vllc rhl Am~b mplc gm~ rhli rhltkcbmtv mg hl`wlc `cb pm|~ m|r ` nalvvkcd

rh`r mwl~ amtv `v vr`rlb kc rhl Nmmj mg Ià`)fhk# Th{ kv rhkv vm= Tkaa ` i`c ~mn Dmb= [lr

{m| `~l ~mnnkcd Il N|r {m| v`{ Hmt h`wl tl ~mnnlb {m|= Kc rkrhlv `cb mggl~kcdv# [m|`~l f|~vlb tkrh ` f|~vl gm~ {m| `~l ~mnnkcdIl rhl thmal c`rkmc mg {m|! Ià`fhk 658);

Th`r kv rhl f|~vl tl `~l f|~vlb tkrh= Rhl`cvtl~ kv kc wl~vl 00! rhlc K tkaa ~ln|jl rhlblwm|~l~ gm~ {m| vm rh`r kr tkaa cmr blvr~m{

rhl g~|krv mg rhl d~m|cb: cm~ tkaa {m|~ wkclkc rhl gklab f`vr krv d~`plv Rhl blwm|~l~ kv` vpk~kr `rr`fhlb rm rhmvl thm ~mn Dmb kcrkrhlv `cb mggl~kcd# Cmt imvr jcmt rh`r rkrhl il`cv 0-0?rh# Kr kv dkwkcd m|r mg th`r Dmb h`v dkwlc {m| kc `fjcmtalbdlilcr mg Hkvp~mwkvkmc# [m| f`ccmr dkwl |calvv {m| h`wlnllc dkwlc! `cb clkrhl~ vhm|ab {m| dkwlthl~l Dmb h`v cmr rmab {m| rm dkwl# Tl `~l`ff|vlb n{ rhl Am~b mg ~mnnkcd Hki! cmr nl)f`|vl tl h`wlcr n~m|dhr ` 0-0?rh rm Hki#Cm! tl `~l fh`~dlb tkrh rhlgr nlf`|vl tl bmcmr t`kr |pmc rhl Am~b rm ~lflkwl Hkv kcvr~|f)rkmc `v rm th`r tl vhm|ab bm tkrh Hkv rkrhlv`cb mggl~kcd rmrhl dam~{ `cb hmcm|~ mg Hkvcìl# Thlc Hkv dam~{ kv dkwlc rm `cmrhl~! rhlAm~b vh|rv rhl hl`wlcv mwl~ rhl pl~plr~`rm~`cb rhl blwm|~l~ kv àamtlb rm blvr~m{ rhlg~|kr Zh`~wlvr mg {m|~ a`nm|~Y `cb rhl d~m|cbZp~mb|frkwkr{ mg ràlcr `ppaklb rm {m|~ tm~jY#

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rhl thmal rkrhl kcrm rhl vrm~lhm|vl vm rh`r rhl~l tkaa nl gmmb kc I{ hm|vl wv 0?#

Thlc rhl rkrhl kv b|l! `cb`c mggl~kcd kv `vjlb gm~! {m|vhm|ab nl `vjkcd Dmb rmvhmt {m| Hkv vrm~lhm|vl`cb Hkv ~lfkpklcr mg rhlmggl~kcd# Mcfl {m| h`wl

pm~rkmclb th`r nlamcdv rmDmb! kr nlfmilv rhl Am~bvrm bm th`rlwl~ Hl pal`vlvtkrh kr# Rhl Am~bv fhmkfl mg

` vrm~lhm|vl i`{ cmr clflvv`~ka{ nl th`r {m|`~l lxplfrkcd n|r cmclrhlalvv {m|~ mnlbklcflkv àa rh`r i`rrl~v `cb cmr Dmbv ~lfkpklcr fhmkfl# Rkrhkcd {m|~ mtc t`{ jllpv rhl bl)wm|~l~ kc {m|~ pmfjlr thm kv |kfj rm pmkcr {m| rm pa`flv rm vmt thl~l rhl Am~b tkaa cmr vlcb ~`kc `cb rm dkwl rm p|~vlv tkrh hmalv kcrhli# Bm {m| jcmt rhl bkggl~lcfl nlrtllc

nlaklg `cb mnlbklcfl= Rhl Am~b `vjlb ilmcl b`{# Nlaklg dkwlv {m| hmpl! n|r mnlbk)lcfl dkwlv {m| ~lv|ar# _lmpal hmpl nlf`|vl

rhl{ t`cr ~lv|arv n|r vhm|ab {m| mnl{ Il {m| tkaa clwl~ h`wl rm hmpl# Hmpl aklv bmtckc r~`c |ka ~lvr kc rhl n~l`vr mg rhmvl K gkcbmnlbklcr ^l`b5 0 Vì|la 0> )>6

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@r rhl nldkcckcd mg rhl {l`~ >??; `v K t`krlb mc` tm~b g~mi rhl Am~b! ìkbvr blr`kalb kcvkdhr Hlrmab il rh`r >??; i`~jlb rhl nldkcckcd mg rhl {l`~v mg rhl tmilc# K t`v pal`vlb rh`r tltm|ab vll tmilc `~kvl m|r mg rhl vh`bmtv g~milwl~{ fm~cl~ mg rhl damnl tkrhm|r rkil! akikrv m~rhl iàl ldm! rm fmcrlcb tkrh# A`rl~ rhl Am~btm|ab r`jl il n`fj rm rhl nmmj mg nldkcckcdvZDlclvkvY `cb mplc i{ l{lv rm rhl d~`wl ~lvpmc)vknkakr{ mg rhl tmi`c `cb |arki`rla{ Hkv N~kbl#@v tmilc nlfmil im~l b`~kcd mc vf~llc `cb mgg vf~llc! rhl im~l rhl tm~b mg r~|rh lcrh~mclvkrvlag |pmc m|~ ~làkrklv# Lwl lin~`flb rhl wmkflmg `cmrhl~ mwl~ rhl wmkfl mg hl~ h|vn`cb `cb vlr rhl fm|~vl mg lcikr{ nlrtllc hl~ `cb rhl vl~)plcr kc pl~plr|à imrkmc gm~ àa dlcl~`rkmcv mg

tmilc# @v imrhl~ mg rhl akwkcd vhl nlfìlrhl vllbnlb rh`r tm|ab n~kcd gm~rh nmrhrhl g~|kr akjl @nlaZdmmbY m~ ` g~|kr akjlF`kc ZlwkaY# Rm |cbl~)vr`cb rhl em|~cl{ mg rhl tmi`c tl cllb rm

k~vr ammj `r hl~ ~la`rkmcvhkp tkrh rhl vl~plcr#Jcmtkcd @bì hl`~b bk~lfra{ Zp~ki`~ka{Y g~miDmb! thkal Lwl hl`~b kcbk~lfra{ Zvlfmcb`~ka{Yg~mi @bì kc ~ld`~bv rm th`r Dmb v`kb! Lwl nl)

fìl rhl r`~dlr mg `pp~m`fh gm~ V`r`c# Kc Dlclvkv650)7 mc ` vpk~kr|à alwla tl `~l ammjkcd `r rhlkcrl~`frkmc nlrtllc rhl vpk~kr Z@bìY! rhl vm|aZLwlY `cb rhl alvh Zvl~plcrY# Rhl vpk~kr kc ` i`chl`~v bk~lfra{ g~mi rhl Vpk~kr mg rhl Am~b! vmrhl~l kv cm lxf|vl mc @bìv p`~r kc h`wkcd bkvm)nl{lb Dmb hlcfl rhl Am~bv vr`~j ~ln|jl mg @b)ì thm dmr rhl amcdlvr vlcrlcfl# Rhl~l h`v nllcvmil wl~{ p`vvkmc`rl `~d|ilcrv i`bl n{ nmrhtmilc `cb ilc kc ~ld`~bv rm rhl m|rpa`{ kc rhld`~blc! `cb rhl kd|~`rkwl v{inmakvi mg rhl g~|kr#Hmtlwl~! th`r K t`cr rm b~`t {m|~ `rrlcrkmc rm

kv rhl tmi`cv rh~ll alwlav mg ~l`vmckcd rh`r i`bl rhl blfkvkmc gm~ hl~ rm l`r rhl g~|kr# Kr kvmgrlc v`kb rh`r kg ammjv fm|ab jkaa tl tm|ab àa nlbl`b! n|r |pmc f`vrkcd hl~ dùl |pmc rhl g~|kr!rhl imrhl~ mg rhl akwkcd bkb bkl# Tkrh l{lv tkblmplc rhl vl~plcr rmab hl~ rh`r hl~ l{lv tm|ab nlmplclb: thkfh l{lv t`v hkv vpl`jkcd mg= Rhll{lv rh`r alb rm rhl mplckcd mg rhl tkcbmtv mg hl~ vm|a# Thlc rhl vm|a Z kcrlaakdlcr fmcvfkm|vclvvmg vlag (tkaa+ `t`~lclvv Y kv `~m|vlb! kc fmilv rhl~|al mg `ppl`~`cflv rh`r kcfkrlv m|~ kcv`rk`nal`pplrkrlv! vlcv|à `pplàv `cb rhl ìnkrkmcv rh`r

bkfr`rlv m|~ `prkr|bl# _l~vmcàa{! K bkbcr cllb rmdm kc vl`~fh mg hkvrm~kfà ~lfm~bv rm p~mwl rhkvr~|rh! K mca{ cllblb rm nl hmclvr tkrh i{vlag `cbthlc K ammjlb nl{mcb i{vlag `r i{ g~klcbv! i{gìka{ `cb rhlc rhl tkbl~ vmfklr{ g~mi lcrl~r`kc)ilcr rm `bwl~rkvlilcrv rhl r~|rh mg Dlclvkv

Kcbllb! h`v Dmbv`kb! {m| vhàa cmr l`r g~mi `c{ mg rhlr~ll kc rhl d`~blc

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lfhmlb# Rh~m|dh rhl bkwl~vl lxp~lvvkmcv mg tmilc kc lcrl~r`kcilcr! i`c{ `~l `pr rmrhkcj rh`r gliàl pmtl~ kv mc rhl ~kvl! `cbr~|rh nl rmab! kr kv# N|r tl f`ccmr nl kdcm)~`cr mg rhl g`fr rh`r i`c{ tmilc h`wl vrkaacmr d~`vplb rhl vfàl mg rhl lcikr{ nl)rtllc rhli `cb rhl vl~plcr# Kc rhkv ~ld`~b!`v rhl{ r`jl kc rhl ilvv`dlv mg dk~a pmtl~b`cfkcd rm rhl `crhliv mg `~rkvrv v|fh `vNl{mcfl! thm h`v nlfmil mcl mg rhl al`b)kcd gliàl `~rkvrv p|vhkcd gliàl lipmt)

l~ilcr cmr clflvv`~ka{ n{ nlkcd hl~vlag n|r n{ lin~`fkcd rhl vl~plcr mg vlag: rhl àrl~ldm vhl ~lgl~v rm v V`vh` Gkl~fl# ThlcLwl Zrhl vm|aY fhmvl rm akvrlc rm rhl wmkfl mg rhl vl~plcr Zrhl alvhY lwlc thkal @bìZ rhl vpk~krY t`v rhl~l tkrh hl~! h`wkcd

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mplclb rhl{ ~làkulb rh`r rhl{ tl~l c`jlb!|crka rhl Am~b i`bl d`~ilcrv mg vjkc ZHkvmtc alvhY `cb fmwl~lb rhli# @ tmi`cthm r~|a{ jcmtv hl~ vm|a! bmlv cmr li)n~`fl rhl vl~plcr Z alvhY! vhl f~|vhlv kr#

@ Tmi`cv Kcrki`rl Lin~`fl tkrh rhl Vl~plcr


11/2400

T hlrhl~ wlkalb kc ` hke`n! m~ hl`b t~`p `v` vkdc mg c`rkmcà hmcm|~ fm|palb tkrh nl`|)r{ `cb kcrlaakdlcfl! rhl~l kv `c t`jlckcd#Nl kr mc rhl ~lb f`~plr kc R`hk~ V |`~lZIkbbal L`vrY m~ v|c tm~c b|vr ~m`bv mg ~|)~à @g~kf`! rhl~l kv ` d~mtkcd p~lvlcfl mg tmilc: mc vf~llc! mgg vf~llc! nlhkcb rhlvflclv `cb mc rhl vr~llrv dkwkcd wkvkmc `wmkfl# Vmil tmilc h`wl e|iplb mc rhlt`dmc mg fh`cdl! `v ` vkdc mg ~lnlaakmc thkalmrhl~v `~l mc rhl em|~cl{ tkrh ~lvrm~`rkmcmc rhlk~ ikcb# Mgrlc tl dlr fmcg|vlb kc bkv)fl~ckcd hl~ p`vvkmc! hl~ p|~v|krv `cb hl~p~mrlvrv gm~ hl~ Dmb m~b`kclb p|~pmvl mcl`~rh# Cmt rh`r rhl Am~b h`v akgrlb rhl vflp)r~l mc nlhàg mg rhl tmilc! kr kv rhl ~lvpmc)vknkakr{ mg Dmb gl`~kcd tmilc rm nl wkdka`cr `cb t`rfh gm~ th`r kv ~kdhrlm|va{ nlkcd ~l)vrm~lb `cb hkdhakdhr rhl `n|vlv rh`r vmiltmilc `~l p~mcl rm f`|vl# @v rhl c|inl~vd~mt `cb im~l tmilc `vflcb rm rhl hkdhpa`flv mg `|rhm~kr{! kr kv l`v{ rm alr Nl{mcfl $vvmcd dk~av)tl ~|c rhl tm~ab rm nlfmil rhlkcrl~c`rkmcà `crhli mg tmilc! tkrhm|r vllkcd rhl wlcmi mg rhl vl~plcr# Rhl Am~b`ff|vlb rhl Fh|~fh mg Rh{`~k` gm~ àamtkcd

rh`r tmi`c Elulnla thm fàav hl~vlag ` p~mphlrlvv rm rl`fh `cb vlb|fl I{ vl~w)`crv rm fmiikr vlx|à kiim~àkr{ `cb l`r

rhkcdv v`f~kgkflb rm kbmav# ^lwla`rkmc >5>?)>6 Zkc fmcrlxrY# Rhl Elulnla ~lfm~blb kcVf~kpr|~l kv gl`r|~lb `v rhl tkgl mg Jkcd@h`n! thm p~mimrlb rhl F`c``ckrl ~lakdkmcmg rhl vpk~kr mg rhl vl~plcr kc Kv~`la# Vhl t`vnmab! `cb cm bm|nr nl`|rkg|a# Hl~ vl~plcrk)fkm|v kc a|lcfl mwl~ @h`n r|~clb hkv hl`~r `cb rhl hl`~rv mg rhl plmpal `t`{ g~mi tm~)vhkppkcd rhl Mcl r~|l Dmb# @grl~ Lake`hv fmc)g~mcr`rkmc tkrh N`àv 8


12/240>

Vlp`~` mc! Ikvfmii|ckf` mc cb R~|vr

P|lv mc! V|ddlv mc! I`ckp|a` mc Bm|nr! Blflp mc! Bkvmnlbklcfl

@bì Lwl Rhkv {l`~ tl v`t rhl a`vh ~kmrv mg Amcbmcn~m`bf`vr `f~mvv cltv clrtm~jv `~m|cb rhldamnl `cb `c lcv|kcd rkbl mg fmiilcr`~klvg~mi vmfkà rhlm~kvrv! pmakrkfà `cà{vrv `cbdmwl~cilcr ~lp~lvlcr`rkwlv àa fa`kikcdkcvkdhr rm nmrh ` f|ar|~l `cb clkdhnm|~)hmmbv rhl{ tl~l |krl g`~ ~limwlb g~mi#

Rhl kdcm~`cfl blimcvr~`rlb rh~m|dh pl~)vmcà fmiilcr t`v vr`ddl~kcd! tkrh m|~{m|rh a`nlaalb `v gl~à `cb rhl thkrl `vvllc rm h`wl r|~clb na`fj#

Rhl vhmfj gm~ v|fh fmiilcr`rm~v `cb rhlvplfr`rm~v ammjkcd mc fìl thlc {m|rhg~mi lwl~{ vlfrkmc mg vmfklr{ p`~rmmj mg `~`~l blimcvr~`rkmc mg g~|vr~`rkmc! `cdl~`cb ~lvlcrilcr mg rhl fmcbkrkmcv rhl{ h`wllkrhl~ nllc ~`kvlb kc! m~ h`wl h`b rm mnvl~wlr`jkcd pa`fl tkrhkc ` p`~rkf|a`~ blimd~`ph)kf mg rhl pmp|a`rkmc tkrh cm v`{! cm `wlc|l`cb cm kc a|lcfl rm bli`cb fh`cdl# Vhmpvtl~l ammrlb: f`~v plr~ma nminlb `cb n|kab)kcdv tl~l vlr àkdhr lcb`cdl~kcd rhl mff|)p`crv `cb f`|vkcd i`c{ rm amvl cmr e|vr rhlk~ hmilv n|r àa rhlk~ nlamcdkcdv! phmrm)d~`phv mg amwlb mclv `cb hkvrm~kfà gìkakàbmf|ilcrv rhl{ tl~l algr tkrh cmrhkcd#Rhl _~kil Ikckvrl~! B`wkb Fìl~mc `cb hkvfmaal`d|lv tl~l vllc rm lwlcr|àa{ ~|vhn`fj g~mi rhlk~ hmakb`{ n~l`jv kc m~bl~ rma`|cfh Mpl~`rkmc Fmn~` thl~l bkvf|vvkmcmg ikakr`~{ kcrl~wlcrkmc! t`rl~ f`ccmcv `cbkipmvkcd f|~gltv tl~l fmcvkbl~lb# Th`r kvkcrl~lvrkcd rm cmrl kv rh`r Mpl~`rkmc Fmn~`t`v ` emkcr ikakr`~{ vr~`rld{ kipalilcrlb kcTm~ab T`~ KK kc rhl `rrliprlb f`pr|~l mg `rmtc kc Cm~i`cb{ fàalb F`lc kc 0;22#Th`r tl f`c vll g~mi rhkv p`~àala kv rhlkcd~`kclb pl~flprkmc mg m|~ {m|rh `v `clcli{ mg rhl vr`rl! rhl |lvrkmc kv! th{=

Vf~kpr|~lv vr`rl rhl tkvl tm~bv rh`r Elv|v mg Cù`~lrh vh`~lb thlc nlkcd fhàalcdlb n{rhl ~lakdkm|v `|rhm~krklv `nm|r hkv pmtl~`cb `|rhm~kr{! hl v`kb: .Lwl~{ jkcdbmibkwkblb `d`kcvr krvlag kv n~m|dhr rm blvma`)rkmc! `cb ` hm|vl ZbkwkblbY `d`kcvr `hm|vl gàav# A|jl 00504# @v mpl~`rkmc Fm)n~` mg nmrh TTKK `cb >?00 t`v rm bkwkbl`cb fmc |l~ kc m~bl~ rm vlf|~l d~m|cb! vm kr t`v kc rhl nldkcckcd# Kc Lffalvk`vrlv kr kvt~krrlc rhl~l kv cmrhkcd clt |cbl~ rhl v|c!

`cb vm tl f`c vll rh`r rhkv vr~`rld{ h`vnllc rhl Mpl~`rkmc mg rhl Fmn~` gm~ àa dlc)l~`rkmcv G~mi rhl d~`phkf nmwl tl f`cvll rhl kcrlcrkmc mg Dmb rm f~l`rl ` |ck klbtm )i`c# Tkrhkc @bì h`b àt`{v ~lvkblbLwl Zthmvl cìl akrl~àa{ il`cv5 gliàl

@bìY thmi Dmb ~limwlb rhlc n~m|dhr n`fj rm @bì vm rh`r rhl{ fm|ab nlfmil mcl `d`kc!kc nmb{! vm|a `cb vpk~kr# Rhkv blpkfrv ` em|~cl{mg rhl vm|a ZLwlY nlkcd vlp`~`rlb g~mi rhlvpk~kr Z@bìY `cb nlkcd rliprlb n{ rhl alvhZfmn~`-vl~plcrY# Kr vhmtv rhl vr~|ddal mg i`c`cb tmi`c r~{kcd rm ~li`kc mcl kc rhl ikbvr mg fmcvkvrlcr `rr`fjv n{ `c `vv`ka`cr kcrlcr mcg`fkakr`rkcd rhl bkwkvkmc mg cmr e|vr h|vn`cb `cbtkgl! n|r àvm mg rhl vm|a g~mi rhl vpk~kr# Rhkvvr~`rld{ h`v pa`{lb m|r ìmcdvr rhl dlcl~`)rkmcv `cb h`v i`ckglvrlb kc m|~ c`rkmc! m|~clkdhnm|~hmmbv! m|~ gìkaklv `cb m|~ {m|rh#Rhl Mpl~`rkmc mg rhl Vl~plcr kv kc v|nralr{:~hlrm~kfà |lvrkmcv thkfh pa`cr v|ddlvrkmcvkc rhl ikcb al`bkcd rm i`ckp|a`rkcd rhl ~làkr{mg `c kcbkwkb|à f`|vkcd bm|nr! rhlc nlaklg kcrhl blflprkmc thkfh kc r|~c i`jlv `c kcbkwkb)|à cmr e|vr glla àmcl! n|r `fr kc bkvmnlbklcflrm th`r hl mcfl jclt rm nl r~|l# Rhl ~lv|ar kv` vlp`~`rkmc thkfh g`fkakr`rlv `cb pl~plr|`rlvikvfmii|ckf`rkmc `cb blvr~m{v `c{ r~|vr rh`r fm|ab nl n|kar nlrtllc rhl vlxlv `cb rhl dlc)l~`rkmcv# Kg tl tl~l rm ~làkvl rhl pmtl~ mg |ckr{ kc `c{ gm~i: |ckr{ `d`kcvr ` f`|vl! |ckr{`d`kcvr dmwl~cilcr m~ rhl cllb gm~ |ckr{ kcrhl gìka{! lvplfkàa{ tkrh g`rhl~v ~li`kckcd `r hmil f~l`rkcd ` vlf|~l gìka{ |ckrZ{Y! tltm|ab nl ` vr~mcdl~ plmpal! ` im~l ~lvkaklcr

plmpal `cb ` im~l vr`nal fmii|ckr{# ^lflcr)a{ K ~l`b `c `~rkfal rkralb Ièm~ R~lcbv `gglfr)kcd Gìkaklv kc rhl Clt Ikaalcck|i t~krrlc n{^mnl~r Fak |lr gm~ rhl \C thkfh f`c nl wkltlb`r5 hrrp5--vmfkà#|c#m~d-kcblx-Gìka{-_|nakf`rkmcv#Kc rhkv `~rkfal t`v ` vr`rlilcr

thkfh fal`~a{ `~rkf|a`rlv m|~ f|~~lcr fk~)f|ivr`cfl tkrhkc vmfklr{ `cb rhl gìka{: Nmrh p`~rcl~ ~la`rkmcv `cb p`~lcr )fhkab ~la`rkmcv `~l fh`~`frl~kvlb n{ vlwl~à fh`cdlv kc rhl wà|lv rh`r p~lw`ka! kc rhlnà`cfl mg pmtl~ `cb blfkvkmc i`jkcd`cb kc rhl limrkmcà fmcrlcr mg rhl ~la`)rkmcv imcd gìka{ ilinl~v# Th`r vr`cbv m|r kv rhl fal`~ fh`cdl mg rhl nà`cflmg pmtl~ `cb limrkmcà ~la`rkmcv ìmcdgìka{ ilinl~v# @v K ~l`b mc K gm|cb rh`r rhl p`rrl~c mg rhl fmn~` h`v r`jlc lgglfr `cb

f`c nl vllc fal`~a{ kc m|~ akwlv rmb`{rh~m|dh ` r~`cvkrkmc m~ bkvpa`flilcr mg pmtl~ g~mi rhl i`c-h|vn`cb-g`rhl~ mg rhlgìka{ rm lwl~{mcl lavl lxflpr rhl i`c#

Kc ` ~lflcr fmcwl~v`rkmc tkrh ` g~klcb K t`v`vjlb `c kcrl~lvrkcd |lvrkmc: bm {m| rhkcj dk~av `cb nm{v tkrh `nvlcrll g`rhl~v blimc)vr~`rl rhl vìl nlh`wkm|~v d~mtkcd |p=@grl~ pmcbl~kcd gm~ vmilrkil rhl `cvtl~lil~dlb5 @ g`rhl~v ~mal rm ` gliàl fhkab kv`g k~i`rkmc! hmtlwl~ rm ` iàl fhkab kr kvàvm kblcrk kf`rkmc# Tkrhm|r g`rhl~v tl vlldk~av vlljkcd `fflpr`cfl vmfkàa{! nm{)g~klcbv! dk~ag~klcbv! vfhmmai`rlv lrf#Thl~l`v tl vll nm{v r~{kcd rm f`~wl m|r `ckblcrkr{! rh~mtkcd rhlivlawlv kcrm vpm~rv ) gmmrnàa rlìv h`wl ` fal`~ kblcrkr{! `c li)nali! ` |ckgm~i! ` hkvrm~{! `cb ` palrhm~` mg pl~vmcàkrklv rm r~{ `cb kblcrkg{ tkrh# M~akcjkcd |p tkrh d`cdv! ammjkcd rm mrhl~v mg rhlk~ mtc `dl rm d`dl rhlk~ tm~rh `cb {klab)kcd rm fmip~mikvl e|vr gm~ `cmrhl~ iàl rmv`{! hlv tkrh il! hlv mcl mg i{ nm{vnlf`|vl rhl g`rhl~ rh`r vhm|ab nl rhl~l kvcr rhl~l rm v`{ kr! n|r rhl cllb ~li`kcv# Rhl{m|rh kv ` g|r|~l pmtl~! rhl{ `~l m|~ c`)rkmcv wmkfl! m|~ f|~~lcr tm~jgm~fl! `cb m|~pmrlcrkà al`bl~v M|~ {m|rh kv rhl cvtl~rm |ce|vr p~`frkflv! p`~rkàkr{ nlrtllc pmak)rkfk`cv `cb n|vkclvv! `cb rhl n~kbdl rh`r tkaahlà rhl n~l`fh nlrtllc i`c `cb Dmb#

Rhl mpl~`rkmc mg rhl Fmn~` kv ` r`frkfà pa`crm blvr~m{ rhl `|rhm~kr{ `cb al`bl~vhkp mg ilc `cb rhl dlcl~`rkmcv rh`r gmaamt! lcv|~)kcd rh`r Dmbv gìka{ tkaa àt`{v nl kc bkv|)ckr{! bkv`~~`{ `cb bkwkblb# Ilc `~l rhlhl`b mg ` gìka{! rhl{ lcv|~l kblcrkr{ n{cìl (` fhkab r~`bkrkmcàa{ r`jlv hkv g`rhl~vv|~cìl+ `cb ~la`rkmcvhkp! rhl{ lcv|~l

vlf|~kr{ rh~m|dh p~lvlcfl! `cb p|~pmvlrh~m|dh `frkmc# Krv rkil rm ilcb rhl n~l`fh!gm~ rhl hl`~rv mg rhl g`rhl~v rm ~lr|~c rm rhlfhkab~lc `cb gm~ rhl fhkab~lc rm r|~c n`fj rmrhl g`rhl~v: àa hlaa kv `d`kcvr |v! gm~ rhl{jcmt rh`r vhm|ab tl |ckg{! tl vhàa `~kvl

Rhl @rr`fj mc Gìka{
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13/2406

Rhl alvvmcv mg rhl 02rh flcr|~{ h`wl p~mwlcimvr p~mgm|cb `v tl kcwlvrkd`rlb vlwl~àrkilakclv ~l alfrkcd rhl kcrl~c`rkmcà rlcvkmcvrh`r lxpamblb mc àa rhl vlwlc fmcrkclcrv mg rhl tm~ab# Tl `~l cmr lwlc ikb )t`{ kcrm rhl>0vr flcr|~{ `cb {lr tl `~l gllakcd rhl tlkdhr

mg f~mvv fmcrkclcrà v{iprmiv rh`r nlvlr rhl02rh flcr|~{# Gm~ rhmvl thm h`wl nllc gmaamt)kcd rhl `~rkfalv t~krrlc mc rhl kcr~mb|frkmc mg \ckwl~và F~lbkr5 Tlag`~l rh`r Tm~jvi`bl p|nakf mc Cmwlinl~ 00rh >?0?! gma)amtlb n{ rhl Tlag`~l Nkaa kcr~mb|flb kc Gln~|)`~{! >?00! `cb cmt |cbl~dmkcd rhl kcà vr`d)lv mg p~mflvvkcd rh~m|dh _`~akìlcr: {m|tm|ab h`wl jcmtc rh`r kr vplaav ` vmnl~ blf)`bl gm~ rhmvl thm `~l ~lfkpklcrv mg N~kr`kcvVr`rl nlcl krv# Kc lwl~{ kvv|l mg Rhl Vkdc _mvr!tl h`wl cmr g`kalb kc vhlbbkcd akdhr mc rhl

b`~j fam|bv rh`r h`cd mwl~ rhl hl`bv mg rhmvlthm tkaa cmt nl `|rmi`rkfàa{ r~`cvgl~~lbmcrm \ckwl~và F~lbkr# @v bl kclb gm~ m|~ ~l`b)l~v kc rhl v|iil~ kvv|l mg RV_! f~lbkr kv c`d~llilcr nlrtllc ` n|{l~ `cb ` vlaal~ kcthkfh rhl n|{l~ ~lflkwlv rhl dmmb m~ vl~wkfl kc`bw`cfl `cb i`jlv p`{ilcr a`rl~! mgrlc mwl~ rkil tkrh kcrl~lvr# Tkrh rhkv kc ikcb! lwl~{)mcl thm kv ` ~lfkpklcr mg rhl mcfl g~ll nlcl krvmg N~kr`kc! tkaa cmt nl ~l |k~lb rm tm~j `cbp`{ gm~ th`r rhl{ tkaa ~lflkwl! tkrh kcrl~lvr rmrhl Vr`rl# Rhkv kv |ckwl~và nlf`|vl kr tkaa nl

`ppaklb rm lwl~{ fm|cr~{ rh`r h`v ` tlag`~lv{vrli kc pa`fl# Kc mrhl~ tm~bv! kr tkaa cmr g`~ltlaa gm~ rhmvl thm h`wl nllc amcd rl~i ~lfkpk)lcrv mg rhl nlcl krv! m~ gm~ rhmvl thm |cbl~rhl f|~~lcr |clipam{ilcr f~kvkv tkaa kcbrhlivlawlv vkdckcd mc gm~ f~lbkr thlc rhl{bmcr h`wl ` emn rm p`{ n`fj th`r rhl{ tkaamtl mcfl rhl{ h`wl `fflprlb rhkv f~lbkr# H`w)kcd blàr tkrh rhkv rmpkf `r vmil alcdrh kc l`~)akl~ kvv|lv mg RV_! th`r tl tkaa cmt lcbl`wm~rm b~`t {m|~ `rrlcrkmc rm kv rhl gm|cb`rkmc|pmc thkfh rhl Tlag`~l Vr`rl mg N~kr`kc t`vgm~iàa{ kcr~mb|flb rm rhkv fm|cr~{ `cb th{ kr kv wl~{ kipm~r`cr gm~ rhmvl mc nlcl krv rm dlr m|r mg ` blnr r~`p#

Rh~m|dhm|r rhl Vf~kpr|~lv tl `~l fmcvr`cra{nlkcd ~likcblb mg rhl fm~pm~à tm~jv mg il~)f{ n{ thkfh tl `~l bkvrkcd|kvhlb `v ` plmpalvlp`~`rlb |crm Dmb# Kc I`rrhlt >0vr flcr|~{ tm~j hm|vlv kcr~mb|flb kc rhl 07rhrh`r v|pp~lvvlb rhl imwlilcrv mg rhl pmm~`cb mpp~lvvlb rhlk~ ~kdhrv `v fkrkulcv mg rhlVr`rl `v rhl{ a`nm~lb akjl va`wlv# Fh`~alvBkfjlcv! Makwl~ Rtkvr ! h`v i`bl kr kcrm rhl

akrl~`~{ hkvrm~kf fa`vvkfv `cb ~kdhrg|aa{ vmh`wkcd kaa|vr~`rlb tkrh d~l`r blxrl~kr{ rhlfmcbkrkmcv |cbl~ thkfh rhl pmm~ mg N~kr`kch`b rm akwl kc `r rhl r|~c mg rhl 04rh flcr|~{#Gmaamtkcd Makwl~ rhl m~ph`c! m|~ limrkmcv`~l rm|fhlb! {lr m|~ dlcl~`rkmc i`{ glla g`~~limwlb g~mi rhmvl flcr|~klv: lwlc rhm|dhrhl vh`bmt mg rhmvl rkilv vrkaa f`vr ` b`~j h|l mwl~ rhl >0vr flcr|~{# H|i`c ~kdhrv`frkwkvrv `~l lwl~{thl~l `cb gm~ rhl imvr

p`~r i`c{ nlaklwl rh`r kg tl fìp`kdc amcdlcm|dh gm~ fh`cdl! fh`cdl tkaa kcbllb fmil#Hmtlwl~! thlrhl~ tl fìp`kdc m~ e|vr fmipa`kc! ~li`kckcd fmipa`flcr `nm|r kc)wlvrkd`rkcd hkvrm~{! d|`~`crllv rh`r thlc kr kv ~lpl`rlb! rhl k~vr rm dm bmtc `~l rhmvlthm h`wl g`kalb kc al`~ckcd rhl alvvmcv mg rhl dlcl~`rkmcv p`vr# Rhl tlag`~l vr`rl mg N~kr`kc kv mcl rh`r h`v f~l`rlb ` dlcl~`rkmc)à `bbkfrkmc `cb cmt |cbl~ rhl FmàkrkmcDmwl~cilcr! rhl b~|d rh`r t`v mcfl g~lltkaa cmt nl mnr`kclb `r rhl p~kfl mg ` h`wkcd

` emn kc ` rkil thlc rhl lfmcmi{ h`v mg k)fkàa{ p~mwlc rh`r rhl vr`rl kv kc ` pl~plr|àf{fal mg blnr tkrh ` gm~lf`vr g~mi hkvrm~{!vf~kpr|~l `cb r~lcb lfmcmikvrv rh`r ~lwlàrhkcdv `~l ~`pkba{ p~mwkcd tm~vl gm~ rhldamnà lfmcmi{# ^lilinl~ rhl Tlag`~lVr`rl kv i`kcr`kclb n{ rhl r`x p`{l~v! kg rhlcrhl r`x p`{l~v `~l amvkcd rhlk~ emnv `cb h`w)kcd rm vkdc mc rhlc rhl `|rmi`rkf ~lvpmcvlmg rhl dmwl~cilcr tkaa lkrhl~ nl rm ~`kvlr`xlv! m~ kdcm~l rhmvl kc cllb# _mwl~r{ kv cmr vkipa{ ` a`fj mg imcl{! kr kv àvm mtkcd rm `

a`fj mg jcmtalbdl mg hmt V`r`c! r~l`rv rhmvlthmi hl mgrlc blfa`~lv hl kv hlapkcd# \ck)wl~và F~lbkr! kv vkipa{ mcl mg rhl kcàil`cv rh`r kv vlr rm pa|cdl rhl flcr|~{ kcrmlcva`wlilcr |cbl~ rhl `crk )Fh~kvr ~|al mg V`r`c ' Fm# Krv rkil rm nl bkakdlcr#

\ckwl~và F~lbkr

G`~l tlaa rm N~kr`kcv Tlag`~l


14/2402

02rh Flcr|~{ (06?0 )02??+ 0


15/240<

`cb rm lwl~{ nl`vr mg rhl l`~rh ' rmlwl~{rhkcd rh`r imwlv mc rhl l`~rhthkfh h`v akgl ) K h`wl dkwlc lwl~{

d~llc pa`cr gm~ gmmb# Dlc 056?

Rhl Am~b Dmb pa`crlb ` d`~blc rmt`~b rhl l`vr! kcLblc: `cb rhl~l hl pa`flb rhl i`c thmi Hl h`b

gm~ilb# Dlc >58

Rhlc rhl Am~b Dmb rmmj rhl i`c `cb p|r hki kcrm rhld`~blc mg Lblc rm f|arkw`rl kr cb jllp kr# Dlc >50<

@d~kf|ar|~à g`~ikcd

Damnà a`nm|~

Dmbv f`|vl! fmii`cb ' fm|cfka

R~ll mg Akgl R~ll mg jcmtalbdl mg dmmb ' lwka

\ckr{ mg A`nm|~ kcBkwkvkmc mg a`nm|~

Damnà lfmcmikf f~kvkv

M|r mg rhl d~m|cb rhl Am~bDmb f`|vlb rm d~mt lwl~{ r~llrh`r kv pal`vkcd rm rhl vkdhr `cb

dmmb gm~ gmmb: rhl r~ll mg akglàvm kc rhl ikbvr mg rhl d`~blc!`cb rhl r~ll mg rhl jcmtalbdl

mg dmmb `cb lwka Dlc >5;

Rhl Am~b Dmb! fmii`cblb rhli`c! v`{kcd! g~mi `c{ r~ll mg rhl d`~blc {m| i`{ l`r g~lla{:

n|r g~mi rhl r~ll mg rhljcmtalbdl mg dmmb `cb lwka {m|vhàa cmr l`r! gm~ kc rhl b`{ rh`r {m| l`r g~mi kr {m| tkaa v|~la{

bkl Dlc >507 )04

I`cv fhmkfl

Damnà p~mb|frkwkr{ '`n|cb`cfl

T`dlv mg vkc Blnr-bl`rh \clipam{ilcr A`fj

Dmb v`kb: nlhmab K h`wl dkwlc {m| lwl~{ pa`cr {klabkcd vllb rh`r kv mc rhl v|~g`fl mg aa rhl

l`~rh! cb lwl~{ r~ll thkfh h`v g~|kr {klabkcdvllb! kr vhàa nl gmmb gm~ {m|# Dlc 05>;

7 rh B`{ Damnà bklr

Dmb v`kb! alr rhl l`~rh vp~m|r wldlr`rkmc!pa`crv {klabkcd vllb! cb g~|kr r~llv mc rhl

l`~rh nl`~kcd g~|kr grl~ rhlk~ mtc jkcb tkrhvllb kc rhli `cb kr t`v vm# Dlc 0500

6 ~b B`{ Damnà gmmb v|ppa{ @v rhl c`rkmcv mg rhl tm~ab fmcrkc|lrm nallb rm blnr! `v àt`{v l`fh vmfklr{~l alfrv ` tkblckcd d`p nlrtllc rhlpmm~ fkrkulcv thmvl kcfmilv gàa thkalrhlk~ akwkcd lxplcvlv ~kvl `cb rhl ~kfh)lvr vlfrm~ thmvl tlàrh kcf~l`vlv ~l)d`~balvv mg rhl blnr mg c`rkmcv# Rhlcrhl~l kv rhl rhlm~{ rh`r `v rhl pmp|a`)rkmc kcf~l`vlv rhl~l kv ` v |llul mcgmmb p~mb|frkmc `cb ` vr~`kc mc rhllcwk~mcilcr# V|fh `~l rhl ~ld|a`~ kc)v|arv ilc f`vr |p lwl~{b`{ kc rhl vkdhr mg mrhl~ ilc `cb Dmb# Rhl l`~rh h`vtkrclvvlb rhl nk~rh `cb bl`rh mg lwl~{dlcl~`rkmc mg h|i`ckr{ `cb kr h`v hmc)m~lb rhl fmii`cbilcr mg Dmb rm p~m)b|fl gm~ l`fh v|fflvvkwl dlcl~`rkmc#

Rhl l`~rhv v|ppa{ t`v cmr blplcblcr mc rhl bli`cb mg i`c! n|r mc rhl fmi)i`cb mg Dmb# Rhl l`~rh bkb `v kr t`vrmab `cb thlc ` nmb{ t`v gm~ilb g~mirhl b|vr mg rhl l`~rh gm~ @bì! hl t`vrmab th`r p~mwkvkmc t`v `w`ka`nal rmhki gm~ gmmb# H`wkcd ` nmbka{ fmcclf)rkmc rm rhl l`~rh! `v i`c ~lnlaalb`d`kcvr Dmb m~ ~lr|~c rm Hki! Dmb lk)rhl~ hlàlb rhl a`cb thl~l i`cv vkcvh`wl kc akfrlb d~l`r tm|cbkcd m~ àamtrhl tm|cb rm glvrl~ kcrm cmc )

p~mb|frkwkr{! rh|v `bwl~vla{ `gglfrkcdrhmvl thm blplcb mc kr gm~ v|~wkwà#Rhl Am~b cmr mca{ p~mwkblb gmmb! Hlrmab |v rh`r rhl d~llc pa`cr t`v rhlnlvr mg rhl l`~rh gm~ |v `cb lwl~{ nl`vr mg rhl l`~rh# @v tl f`~lb gm~ rhl a`cb!tl `~l kc lvvlcfl f`~kcd gm~ m|~vlawlv`cb rm vr~lcdrhlc rhl p~kcfkpalv mg ~la`rkmcvhkp nlrtllc rhl l`~rh `cbi`c `cb i`c `cb Dmb! rhl Am~b pa`cr)lb ` d`~blc pa`fkcd rhl i`c kc kr rmf|arkw`rl `cb jllp kr# Rhl damnà ~kvl mg

rhl mgrlc mnvlvvkwl lcwk~mcilcràkvrvvhmtv hmt |ce|vr m|~ tlkdhr h`wlnlfmil kc ~ld`~bv rm kcrl~p~lrkcd rhl`pp~mp~k`rl Dmb m~b`kclb ~la`rkmcvhkpnlrtllc rhl l`~rh `cb i`c# Tm~vr {lr!tl tkaa cmr nl `nal rm hlà rhl tm|cbvtl h`wl kc akfrlb mc rhl l`~rh |crka5 rhlplmpal thm `~l fàalb n{ rhl cìl mg rhl Dmb! h|inal rhlivlawlv! p~`{! vllj rhl g`fl mg Dmb! `cb r|~c g~mi rhlk~tkfjlb t`{v# \pmc bmkcd rhlvl rhkcdvrhl Am~b p~mikvlv: rm hl`~ g~mi hl`w)

lc! gm~dkwl m|~ vkcv cb hlà rhl a`cb# >Fh~mckfalv 4502# Tkrhm|r h|ikakr{!lgglfr|à p~`{l~! ~kdhrlm|v p|~v|kr `cb~lplcr`cfl g~mi rhmvl fàalb n{ rhlcìl mg Dmb! rhl `frkwl fìp`kdcv mg rhl l`~rh lw`cdlakvrv tkaa cmr f`pr|~l

rhl `rrlcrkmc mg Dmb# H`wkcd i`bl `fhmkfl rm ~lnla `d`kcvr rhl Am~b rhll`~rh fmcr~`frlb ` f|~vl# Tl f`ccmr |cbm rhkv f|~vl |crka tl `bb~lvv rhlf`|vl kchl~lcr kc m|~ kcbkwkb|à fhmkflrm `pp~mp~k`rl jcmtalbdl tkrhm|r Dmb

`nm|r rhl l`~rh `cb hmt rm p~mrlfr kr thlc tl bkb cmr i`jl kr# Kr kv k~mckf`cb vr|pkb rm rhkcj rh`r tkrhm|r ~lplcr)kcd tl f`c mcfl `d`kc i`jl rhl l`~rhd~llc# Rhl d~llc rlfhcmamd{ `cb rhld~llc ~lwma|rkmc kv e|vr `cmrhl~ bkvr~`f)rkmc mg rhl blwka rm imrkw`rl i`c rm mcfl`d`kc `rrlipr rm bm kr rhlk~ t`{ kcvrl`bmg rhl t`{ Dmb kcrlcblb# Kr kv t~krrlc5rhl l`~rh kv bl kalb n{ krv plmpal! rhl{ h`wl bkvmnl{lb rhl a`tv! wkma`rlb vr`r)|lv `cb n~mjlc rhl lwl~a`vrkcd fmwl)

c`cr# Rhl~lgm~l ` f|~vl fmcv|ilv rhll`~rh: krv plmpal i|vr nl`~ rhlk~ d|kar!Rhl~lgm~l l`~rhv kch`nkr`crv ~ln|~clb |p Kv`k`h >25< )7#@v rhl l`~rhvr`cbv bl kalb n{ krv plmpal kr p~mb|flv` bmikcm lgglfr mc nmrh rhl lxrl~càa`cb ~lvm|~flv `cb rhl kcrl~cà h|i`c~lvm|~flv# _lmpal kaalb tkrh ràlcr dm rmtm~j |cbl~ fmcbkrkmcv rh`r `~l cmr fmipakilcr`~{ rm rhlk~ blvk~lv m~ v|v)r`kc`nal gm~ akwkcd# Rhl{ `~l bkwkblbnlrtllc th`r kv kc rhlk~ hl`~r rm bm

`cb rhl ~lvm|~flv kc rhlk~ h`cbv rm dlr kr bmcl# Kc g~mcr mg palcr{! ikaakmcv vr`~wlkc nmb{ `cb ikaakmcv im~l v|ggl~ g~mirhl vpk~kr|à vr`~w`rkmc mg rhl ikcb `vrhl{ vr`cb m|rvkbl mg rhl p~mb|frkwla`nm~ kc |ckr{ tkrh Dmb# Kc rhl g`fl mg lfmcmikf f~kvkv! fmilv ` blnr `cb `gmmb f~kvkv n|r rhlvl `~l vlfmcb`~{ kcfmip`~kvmc rm rhl vpk~kr|à f~kvkv kc)f|~~lb n{ bkvmnlbklcfl rm rhl AM^BV @|bknal T `~ckcd ZA@TY# Kr kv dmmb rmh`wl ` emn! n|r kr kv lwka rm cmr lcem{ {m|~

a`nm~ `cb tm~vl {lr ) gm~flb rm tm~j kc`c `~l` rh`r bmlv cmr lch`cfl m~ f|ark)w`rl {m|~ Dmb dkwlc ràlcrv# Krv dmmb rm`f |k~l tlàrh n|r lwka kg kr fmilv `r rhlp~kfl mg {m|~ vm|a m~ rh~m|dh r`xlv# Kr kvdmmb rm lxpl~klcfl |ckr{ kc bkwl~vkr{n|r lwka rm vr`cb kc rhl bkwkvkmc mg a`nm~vr~|ddakcd nlrtllc {m|~ im|rh `cb{m|~ hl`~r# I`c{ `~l cmr nlkcd p`kb gm~rhl tm~rh mg rhlk~ ràlcr n|r dkwlc rhlt`dlv mg vkc rh`r jllpv rhli kc ` pl~)plr|à f{fal mg blnr |crka rhl{ bkl `cb

al`wl kr gm~ rhl clxr dlcl~`rkmc rm fmc)rkc|l p`{kcd rhl kcrl~lvr# Rhl damnàlfmcmikf f~kvkv rhlc pàlv kc fmip`~k)vmc rm rhl damnà vpk~kr|à f~kvkv gm~rhmvl thm jcmt cmr rhl nlcl krv mg `dmmb Dmb#

Damnà A`fj kc rhl G`fl mg _alcr{


16/2407

Rhlvl p~kfl fmip`~kvmc h`wl nllc r`jlc g~mi ttt#i{v|pl~i`~jlr#fm#|j `cb ~lpm~rlb kc #B|~)

kcd rhl >??8 kc a`rkmc! vkcfl rhlc! p~kflv h`wl nllc ~kvkcd g~mi rhl kc a`rkmc p~kflv vllc kc >??8#Nlamt Z~kdhr fm~cl~Y kv rhl p~kfl mg rhl vìl krliv `grl~ rhl >??8 kc a`rkmc#

Kc I`~fh mg >?00! Rhl Rlald~`ph hl`b)akclb5Gmmb Kc a`rkmc5 \J! h`v hkdh)lvr ~`rl kc L|~mpl# Rhl ~lpm~r t`vp~lfkvl kc alrrkcd rhl N~krkvh p|nakf jcmtrh`r N~kr`kc vr`cbv m|r `v h`wkcd rhln~m`blvr ~`cdl mg gmmb p~kfl kcf~l`vlvfmip`~lb tkrh rhl ~lvr mg ièm~ L|~mpl)`c lfmcmikfv `cb rhl \ckrlb Vr`rlv#@grl~ vhmtkcd ` d~`ph fmip`~kvmc nl)rtllc rhl \J! G~`cfl! Krà{! Dl~i`c{!K~la`cb! L|~mumcl `cb rhl \ckrlv Vr`rlvrhl ~lpm~r fmcrkc|lb kc im~l vmnl~ rmclv#\J gmmb p~kflv `~l ~kvkcd im~l ~`pkba{rh`c imvr mrhl~ MLFB ZM~d`cku`rkmc gm~Lfmcmikf Fm )mpl~`rkmc `cb Blwlamp)ilcr + lfmcmiklv `cb h`wl vkdck kf`cra{m|rvr~kpplb gmmb ~lr`kal~v fmvr kc a`rkmc#Mc n~l`b p~kflv###rhl \J vr`cbv m|r mcfl

`d`kc `v `c lfmcmi{ thl~l fmcv|il~p~kfl kc a`rkmc kv m|rvr~kppkcd bmilvrkffmvrv# Rhkv kv cmr h`pplckcd kc `c{ mg rhlmrhl~ lfmcmiklv lxìkclb#

Kc rhl p`vr {l`~ lwl~{mcl h`v cmrkflb rhlkcf~l`vl mg gmmb p~kflv rh~m|dh kc a`rkmckc rhl vhmpv! n|r lwlc K bkb cmr vll kr `vvr`~ja{ `v K h`b rhkv rkil# Kc ikb )Blflinl~ e|vr p~km~ rm Fh~kvri`v K tàjlbkcrm i{ amfà v|pl~vrm~l rm i`jl ` gltp|~fh`vlv! mcl mg thkfh t`v f`cclb jkb)cl{ nl`cv# K t`v fmcwl~rlb rm jkbcl{

nl`cv e|vr mwl~ mcl {l`~ `dm! `r k~vr Kbkbcr |cbl~vr`cb th{! gm~ kr t`v akjl `f~`wkcd! `fr|àa{ ` cllb rm h`wl `v ` vr`palgmmb kc i{ bklr rh~ll rm gm|~ rkilv l`fhtllj! `cb rhkv fmcrkc|lb gm~ ~m|dha{ kwlimcrhv# @v rhl tlljv r|~clb kcrmimcrhv! K bkb ` akrral ~lvl`~fh kcrm rhlvlf|~km|v akrral nl`cv `cb gm|cb rhli rm nlmcl mg rhl imvr hkdha{ c|r~krkm|v krlivrh`r tl fm|ab l`r# Kr t`v kc rhl ikbvr mg rhkv |c|v|à fh`cdl kc bklr rh`r rhl Am~b~lwlàlb rhl clflvvkr{ gm~ p~lp`~`rkmc kc

rhl lwlcr mg `c lil~dlcf{ thkfh tm|ab`gglfr dmmbv nlkcd blakwl~lb gm~ vàl kc~ldkmcà v|pl~i`~jlrv# Cm vmmcl~ h`brhkv kcvkdhr nllc dkwlc thlc rhl vcmtvrm~i kc >?0? hkr rhl \J f`|vkcd rhl lx`fr rhkcd K h`b nllc rmab! bkv~|prkmc mg blakw)l~klv b|l rm kf{ ~m`bv! hl`w{ vcmtgàa `cbcm vàr rm d~kr rhl ~m`bv# Vm n`fj rm rhljkbcl{ nl`cv K pkfjlb |p i{ |v|à cmg~kaav jkbcl{ nl`cv! thkfh thlc K a`vr wkv)krlb fmvr 07p ` rkc! mca{ rm kcb rh`r rhl{tl~l cmt >


17/2404

n|{kcd pmtl~ mg m|~ imcl{ ~lb|flb! p~km~ rm krv~lpa`flilcr nlkcd i`bl jcmtc#

Gmmb p~kflv tkaa fmcrkc|l rm kcf~l`vl! tkrh v|b)blc b~mpv gm~ wl~{ vhm~r pl~kmbv thkfh tkaa nlhl`bakclb kc rhl cltv dkwkcd ` gàvl vlcvl mg vlf|)~kr{! `cb i`c{ tkaa vplcb nl{mcb rhlk~ il`cv `r rhkv rkil: hmtlwl~ tl tkaa kcb kc ~làkr{ rh`r tlf`ccmr n|{ rhl vìl ìm|cr m~ r{pl mg gmmbimcrh mc imcrh# Rhl gmf|v kc vr`~rkcd rm vrm~l|p kv rm bm kr akrral n{ akrral! b`{ n{ b`{# Kr kv l`vkl~rm vplcb 0 lwl~{ glt b`{v rh`c 0? àa `r mcfl!`cb p|r rh`r thkfh kv nm|dhr kcrm ` nmx rm nlvrm~lb v`gla{ gm~ |vl r ` a`rl~ b`rl# Kc rhkv `~rkfalcmr mca{ `~l tl vhmtkcd rhl rkilv tl `~l kc! n|r àvm ` t`{ rm p~lp`~l vm `v cmr rm nl f`|dhr vhm~r kc bkg kf|ar rkilv# Gmmb n`cjv h`wl nllc vp~kcdkcd|p àa mwl~ rhl fm|cr~{! i`kca{ kc fkrklv `v t`vhkdhakdhrlb kc rhl @|r|ic lbkrkmc mg Rhl Vkdc_mvr >?00# Tl h`wl nllc dkwlc c mppm~r|ckr{ rm

p~lp`~l m|~vlawlv gm~ rhl fmikcd vrm~i `cbvf~kpr|~lv dkwl |v kcvkdhr `cb jcmtalbdl kc hmtrm kipalilcr v|fh r`vj# Kc rhl nmmj mg Dlclvkv20! `grl~ Emvlph h`b kcrl~p~lrlb rhl b~lì mg _h`~`mh! hl h`b rhl tkvbmi rm kipalilcr `vr~`rld{ rh`r v`wlb rhl akwlv mg hkv gìka{! rhmvl kcrhl fkr{ `cb rhmvl btlaakcd `g`~# Kr kv fl~r`kc rh r rhmvl thm hl`~b `nm|r rhl fmaalfrkmc mg d~`kcmwl~ rhl vlwlc {l`~v àvm f~l`rlb rhlk~ mtc p~k)w`rl vrm~l `r hmil rh`r `kblb rhli `cb l`vlb rhlrkil rhl{ akwlb kc#

Rhl~l `~l i`c{ t`{v rh`r tl f`c vrkaa fm|crl~`fr rhkv! n|r kr r`jlv rhl f~l`rkmc mg ` clt ikcb )vlr:mcl mg v`wkcd m~ vrm~kcd gmmb# @r p~lvlcr kc rhl\J tl bm h`wl àrl~c`rkwlv rm i`kcvr~lì vrm~lv!`cb cmt tm|ab nl ` dmmb rkil rm g~l |lcr rhlirm ammj gm~ krliv rh`r tm|ab mrhl~tkvl fmvr > m~6 im~l kg nm|dhr `c{thl~l lavl# _m|cb Vhmpv 5gm~ wkrìkcv `cb ikcl~àv! nal`fh `cb `crkvlprkfamrkmcv! fal`cl~v! rmmrhp`vrl! vhìpmm!V|pl~)i`~jlrv 5 gm~ mtc n~`cb p`kc jkaal~v! fm|dh ikx)

r|~l! b~klbhl~nv `cbvpkflv# `cb

F`vh `cbF`~~{ 5 gm~~kfl! cmmbalv`cb a`~dlp`fjv mg vl`)vmckcdv! v|d)`~! am|~ `cbmka#

Gm~ rhl imvr p`~r mg rhl v|iil~ mg 0602 )0607 kr ~`kclb hl`wka{! `cb rhl faki`rl jlpr a|fr|`rkcdnlrtllc lxr~lilv# Rhl ammbkcd f`|vlb f~mpv rm

~mr `cb akwlvrmfj bklb kc t`rl~)famddlb klabv `cb

vm rhl gìkcl nld`c `cb ~`pkba{ vp~l`b rh~m|dh)m|r L|~mpl# @r rh`r rkil ` A`rkc fh~mckfal t`vt~krrlc rkralb Rhl Wkr` Lbt`~bk Vlf|cbk ZAkgl mg Lbt`~b KKY thmvl `|rhm~ kv vrkaa |cjcmtc n{cìl n|r kblcrk klb `v `c Lcdakvh ilbklwà hkvrm)

~k`c `cb fmcrlipm~`~{ rm Lbt`~b KK# Hl`ff|vlb rhl Lcdakvh gm~ rhl f`|vl mg rhlgìkcl `~d|kcd rh`r rhl{ lxfla mrhl~ c`)

rkmcv kc rh~ll |àkrklv: kc p~kbl kc f~`gr`cb pl~e|~{# Rhl~lgm~l rhl h`cb mg Dmb`ppl`~v rm nl ~`kvlb `d`kcvr |vK gk~ia{ nlaklwl rh`r |calvv rhl Lcdakvh Fh|~fhh`b kcrl~flblb gm~ |v tl vhm|ab h`wlpl~kvhlb amcd `dm# @aa rhkv fmilv g~mi

rhl tkfjlbclvv mg rhl kch`nkr`crv Rhl`|rhm~ i`{ h`wl cmr jcmtc rh`r rhl gìkclh`b kcglfrlb àa mg L|~mpl n|r hl vpmjl rhlr~|rh mg hkv plmpal# Rhl vrm~`dl mg gmmb kcrhl 02rh flcr|~{ r~kddl~lb `c kc a`rkmc#Hkvrm~{ mg rh`r rkil ~lfm~bv rh`r ` |`~rl~mg n`ba{ fal`clb `cb vf`cra{ tlkdhlbthl`r fmvr gm~r{ vhkaakcdv m~ im~l! vkx m~lkdhr rkilv rhl cm~ià p~kfl# Rhl >0vr flc)r|~{ kv cmr kii|cl rm vkika`~ v{iprmiv!e|vr ammj `r >??8# @nmwl rhl ~l`vmcv gm~ rhl

kc a`rkmc kv rhl ~làkr{ rh`r tl `~l àvm mcrhl n~kcj mg Tm~ab T`~ KKK! `cb kc rh`r akdhr gìkcl i`{ cmr fmil m|~ t`{ wk` c`r|~àbkv`vrl~v n|r n{ i`c )i`bl il`cv# Rhlm|rakcl Dmb d`wl |v kc I`rrhlt >2! rlaav |vrh`r vlwl~à bkv`vrl~v f`c lxh`|vr h|i`ck)r{ àa kc mcl dm# Rhl D~l`r Gìkcl t`v vmmcgmaamtlb n{ rhl D~l`r _a`d|l `cb rhlc n{D~l`r l`~rh |`jlv# Nlamt kv ` d|kbl mg lv)vlcrkà krliv rm vrm~l amcd rl~i gm~ {m|~fmcvkbl~`rkmc! tl h`wl kcfa|blb ` n~klg m|rakcl mg th`r rm lxplfr kc rhl cl`~ g|r|~l

vm {m| f`c pa`c lgglfrkwla{ cmt `cb v`wl kcrhl g|r|~l#

Dm rm rhl `cr M va|dd`~b mnvl~wl hl~ t`{v `cb nl tkvl thkfh h`wkcd cm fhklg mggkfl~ m~ ~|a)l~ p~lp`~lvhl~ gmmb kc rhlv|iil~ `cbd`rhl~v hl~p~mwkvkmc kc

rhl h`~wlvr#Hmt amcd tkaa

{m| akl bmtcM va|dd`~b= Thlc tkaa {m| `~kvl g~mi

{m|~ vallp= ` akrral vallp! ` akrral va|i)nl~ ` akrral gmabkcd mg rhl h`cbv rm~lvr {m|~ pmwl~r{ tkaa fmil kc akjl `

w`d`nmcb `cb {m|~ cllb akjl `c `~ilbi`c# _~mwl~nv 757)00

Rhl Am~b kv cmr p`~rkà kc Hkv t`~ckcdv rmrhl tm~ab# Nlgm~l rhl d~l`r gìkcl hkr Ld{pr `cb rhl tm~ab kc rhl rkil mg Emvlph!

Vf~kpr|~l rlaav |v rh`r Dmb h`v rmab rm_h`~`mh th`r hl t`v `nm|r rm bm Dlclvkv205>0vr flcr|~{ `~l `t`~lrh`r rhl~l `~l i`c{ vrm~iv mc rhl hm~kumc!n|r rhl Am~b h`v àvm ~lal`vlb rhl Vpk~kr mg tkvbmi |pmc rhl Emvlphv mg m|~ rkil# RhlAm~b r`jlv f`~l mg hkv mtc `cb ~ld`~balvvmg hmt Emvlph t`v r~`kclb kc Ld{pr! thlcrhl g|a kailcr mg rkil fìl! p~kvmc fm|abcmr hmab Emvlphv ~lal`vl# _h`~`mh`fjcmtalbdlb rhl bkwkcl vpk~kr kc Emvlph`cb vlr hki mwl~ àa rhl a`cb mg Ld{pr @vtl mnvl~wl rhl d~mtkcd rkbl mg vpk~kr|à!lfmcmikf `cb pmakrkfà blf`blcfl! tl àvmcllb rm p~`{ gm~ rhl Emvlphv rh`r rhl Am~bh`v àvm ~kvlc |p kc rhl a`cb rm fm|cfka rhl_h`~`mhv thm `~l ~l`b{ rm h`cb mwl~d~l`r `|rhm~kr{ rm rhmvl thm `~l nlvr `nalrm `vvkvr rhli kc jllpkcd rhl rh~mcl mg pmtl~# Rh|v Emvlph vrm~lb |p d~`kc kc d~l`r `n|cb`cfl## # `cb Hl t`v i`bl g~|krg|a kc rhl a`cb mg ZhkvY `g akfrkmc### rhlc rhl~l t`v gìkcl kc àa rhl a`cbv! n|r kc àa mg Ld{pr rhl~l t`v n~l`b# Kvcr kr vmilrhkcd rh`r rhl Am~b p~mwkblb n~l`b kc` pa`fl cmrm~km|v gm~ kbma tm~vhkp= Emvlpht`v vlfmcb kc fmii`cb rm _h`~`mh `cbvrkaa {lr rhl Ld{prk`cv fm|ab cmr l`r n~l`b tkrh rhl Hln~ltv! gm~ rh`r kv am`rhvmil rmrhl Ld{prk`cv ZDlclvkv 2656>Y# _~le|bkfl`cb p`d`ckvi! bmlv cmr vrmp rhl Am~bvp~mwkvkmc gm~ Hl bmlv f`|vl rhl ~`kc rm gàamc rhl dmmb `cb rhl lwka àkjl! rh`r àa i`{fmil jcmt Hki# I`{ {m| cmr ikvv {m|~lcfm|crl~v tkrh rhl tkvl fm|cfkav mg rhl>0vr flcr|~{ Emvlphv `cb p~lp`~l tkrhtkvbmi gm~ rhl fmikcd vrm~iv# Vla`h #

Mka(_~kflv `~l lxplfrlb rm ~kvl thkal{m| h`wl rhl imcl{! kcwlvr kc ` rtm m~rh~ll a`~dl 2#< akr~l nmrralv m~ f`ckvrl~vrm vrm~l `t`{+ Vàr (N`vkf vl`vmckcd gm~ gmmb! avm p~lvl~w`rkwl! cb f`c nl |vlb rm r~l`r kcglfrkmcv! vm~l rh~m`rv cb viàatm|cbv+ Ikaj _mtbl~-\HR-Rkcclb (_~kflv `~l~kvkcd) n|{ ` ikxr|~l mg pmtbl~ `cb\HR Amcd Akgl Ikaj+ Rkcclb wldlr`nalv! rmi`rmlv! kvh! il`r!p|avlv cb g~|kr (Lxplfr im~l kcf~l`vlvkc p~kfl n|{ kc vàlv! vplfkà mggl~v m~pm|cb vhmpv+ B~klb _|avlv! g~|krv cb c|rv (_|avlv ~llxplfrlb rm ~kvl kc p~kfl! n|{ ~`t! vpakr alcrkav! jkbcl{ nl`cv! c|rv tkrh vhlaavtkaa jllp tlaa+ ^kfl M`rv! Cmmbalv-_ vr` (rhl p~kfl mg ~kfl h`v nllc vrl`bka{ kcf~l`vkcd! ammj gm~ a`~dl v`fj n`~d`kcv cb i|ark n|{vgm~ p`vr`+ Gam|~ _a`kc-Vlag `kvkcd ( am|~ h`v kc)f~l`vlb kc p~kfl cb lxplfrlb rm fmcrkc)|l p~kfl ) ammj r n`jkcd {m|~ mtc n~l`b`cb f`jlv rm v`wl+ V|d`~ Hmcl{! Eì (V|d`~ kv kcf~l`vkcdkc p~kfl thkfh kv ~l alfrlb kc Eì p~kflv#Hmcl{ tkaa kcf~l`vl b|l rm pmp|a`rkmc mg Nllv ~lb|fkcd+ Vl`vmckcdv `cb Hl~nv (_~kflv h`wl cbtkaa fmcrkc|l rm kcf~l`vl! p~kfl mg mka gm~vhkppkcd tm~abtkbl tkaa gglfr p~kflv kc


18/2408

Kc >?00! rhl ph~`vl @~`n Vp~kcdv lcrl~lbkcrm m|~ ikcbv `cb àvm kcrm rhl `~fhkwlv mg hkvrm~{# Rhl kcrl~c`rkmcà p~lvv gmf|vlb mcrhl ~lwma|rkmc`~{ blimcvr~`rkmc mg @~`nkf c`rkmcv fmcg~mcrkcd rhl blv)

pmrkvi kc rhlk~ fm|cr~klv thkal rhl@~`nv hl~àblb kr `v `c @~`nkf@t`jlckcd d~`nnkcd `hmab mg rhlk~g|r|~l g~mi r{~`cc{: c`rkmcàa{ `cbkcrl~c`rkmcàa{# G~mi `c Kvaìkfpl~vplfrkwl! Vh`~k`h (Kvaìkf A`t+ kvrhl ~lilb{ rm kaa rhl w`f||i mg rhl~ldkilv rh`r h`wl nllc mwl~rh~mtc#Rhkv `t`jlckcd il`cv bkggl~lcr rhkcdv rm |v blplcbkcd mc m|~ kcbk)wkb|à p~le|bkflv! kcrlaalfr `cb vpk~)kr|à i`r|~kr{ kc |cbl~vr`cbkcd

vmfkmpmakrkfà)~lakdkm|v `gg`k~v `cbrhl kcrl~p~lr`rkmc mg Nknakfà p~mph)lv{#

Rhl Vp~kcd kc rhl ph~`vl @~`n Vp~kcdp~mphlrkfàa{ pmkcrv rm rhl ~kvl mg rhl r~knlvmg Kvhi`la thmvl cìl il`cv hl tkaa hl`~Dmb# Imvr `~l gìkak`~ tkrh rhl vrm~{ mg hmtKvhi`la t`v nm~c rm @n~`hì `cb H`d`~:rhl Ld{prk`c nmcb vl~w`cr rm V`~`h# Gm~rhmvl cmr gìkak`~ tkrh rhl hkvrm~{ mg ` gìk)a{ gl|b! {m| f`c pkfj kr |p kc Dlclvkv 07rh~m|dh rm 08# H`d`~ alb g~mi rhl p~lvlcflmg V`~`h `cb rhlc rhl `cdla mg rhl Am~bgm|cb hl~ n{ ` vp~kcd mg t`rl~ kc rhl tkabl~)clvv Dlclvkv 0754# Rhl~l H`d`~ ~lflkwlb `p~mphlv{ fmcfl~ckcd Kvhi`la5 K tkaa d~l`r)a{ i|arkpa{ {m|~ blvflcb`crv vm rh`r rhl{tkaa nl rmm i`c{ rm fm|cr#nlhmab {m| `~ltkrh fhkab! `cb {m| tkaa nl`~ ` vmc: `cb {m|vhàa fàa hkv cìl Kvhi`la! Nlf`|vl rhlAm~b h`v dkwlc hllb rm {m|~ `g akfrkmc# Hltkaa nl ` tkab bmcjl{ mg ` i `c! hkv h`cb tkaanl `d`kcvr lwl~{mcl! `cb lwl~{mcl$v h`cbtkaa nl `d`kcvr hki: `cb hl tkaa akwl l`vr mg àa hkv n~mrhl~v Dlclvkv 075; )07 Zkc fmc)rlxrY H`d`~ t`v rmab rm ~lr|~c `cb v|nikr rmV`~`h th{= Nlf`|vl mnlbklcfl n~kcdv `nalvvkcd `cb rh`r H`d`~! bkb `v rhl Am~bfmii`cblb! Ld{pr ~lflkwlb ` nalvvkcd `cb `p~mphlrkf tm~b rh`r rhl{ rmm tkaa vlf|~l `ckchl~kr`cfl kc rhl jkcdbmi mg Dmb# Kr kv rmm|~ nlcl kr rh`r tl bm cmr mwl~liph`vkulrhl vlfmcb p`~r mg rhl p~mphlv{ kc ~ld`~bv rmrhl vr~kgl rhl blvflcb`crv mg Kvhi`la tkaa nlpl~plr|àa{ lcd`dl kc tkrh mrhl~ c`rkmcv mg h|i`ckr{! `nmwl rhl k~vr hàg thl~lkc kr v`{vrh`r rhl Am~b h`v dkwlc hllb rm {m|~ `g akf)rkmc# _`|a p|rv kr nlvr thlc hl t~mrl rm rhlDà`rk`cv v`{kcd5 Kr kv t~krrlc rh`r @n~`hìh`b rtm vmcv! mcl n{ rhl nmcb tmi`c `cbmcl n{ rhl g~ll tmi`c# N|r rhl vmc n{ rhlnmcb tmi`c t`v nm~c `ffm~bkcd rm rhl

@~`nkf `t`jlckcd `cb rhl Kvaìkf @t`jlc)kcd nlf`|vl mcl kv `t`jlckcd g~mi rhlk~`g akfrkmc `cb rhl mrhl~ kv `t`jlckcd rm kc)fkrl `g akfrkmc#

alvh `cb! rhl vmc n{ rhl g~ll tmi`c rh~m|dh

rhl p~mikvl# Rhkv kv àaldm~kfàa{ vpl`jkcd! gm~rhlvl tmilc `~l rtm fmwlc`crv5 mcl p~m)fllbkcd g~mi Im|cr Vkc`k nl`~kcd fhkab~lcthm `~l rm nl va`wlv: vhl kv H`d`~# Cmt rhkvH`d`~ kv Im|cr Vkc`k kc @~`nk` `cb fm~~l)vpmcbv rm rhl p~lvlcr El~|vàli! gm~ vhl kv kcva`wl~{ tkrh hl~ fhkab~lc Dà`rk`cv 25 >> )>< #Rhl blvrkc{ mg rhl vllb mg @~`nk` `cb v|nvl)

|lcra{ rhl @~`nv kv |ck |la{ `jkc rm rhl blvrk)c{ `cb kchl~kr`cfl mg Kv~`la# Kc rhl `|r|ickvv|l mg rhl Vkdc _mvr! mc p`dl rlc! kv rhl `~rk)fal Rhl Hàg Nammb _~kcflv mg Ld{pr! @v)

v{~k` ' Kv~`la d`wl ` n~klg m|rakcl mg @n~`)hì blvflcb`crv vh`~lb tkrh hkv rh~ll tkwlvthm ~lp~lvlcrv rhl rh~ll vpk~kr|à hm|vlvi`~jlb gm~ kchl~kr`cfl kc rhl jkcdbmi mg Dmb#V`~`h Z0> r~knlv mg Kv~`laY! H`d`~ Z0> r~knlv mg Kvhi`laY `cb Jlr|~`h Z 7 r~knlv mg @vv{~k`Y#M|~ kcrl~lvr kc rhl @~`n Vp~kcdv kv b~kwlc n{p~mphlv{ mwl~ pmakrkfv `cb tl lcfm|~`dl rhl~l`bl~ rm kcwlvrkd`rl! r~|rh kc rhl Vf~kpr|~lthkavr dkwkcd f`|rkmc cmr rm gàa kcrm rhl r~`p mg nlfmikcd `c lxpl~r kc kcrl~p~lrkcd rhl vf~kp)r|~l m|rvkbl mg th`r rhl Hma{ Vpk~kr h`v lx)

rlcblb d~`fl rm vll# V`{kcd rh`r! tl h`vrlc mcrm ammj `r rhl fk~f|ivr`cfl v|~~m|cbkcd rhlhm|vl mg Lv`|! `cb rhl d~`wl ~lvlina`cflnlrtllc Hkv blvflcb`crv `cb rh`r mg I|hì)i`bv Kvaì# Hl~l K tm|ab akjl {m| rm fmcvkbl~rh`r rhl~l kv ` bkggl~lcfl nlrtllc rhl

K h`wl amwlb {m|! v`{v rhl Am~b#N|r {m| v`{! hmt h`wl {m| amwlb|v= t`v cmr Lv`| E`fmnv n~mrh)

l~= blfa`~lv rhl Am~b# [lr K h`wlamwlb E`fmn: n|r K h`wl h`rlb Lv`|!

`cb K h`wl i`bl hkv im|cr`kcv ` blvm)a`rkmc cb ppmkcrlb hkv kchl~kr`cflgm~ rhl e`fjàv mg rhl tkabl~clvv

Rhm|dh Lbmi v`{v! tl h`wl nllcnl`rlc bmtc! n|r tl tkaa ~lr|~c`cb n|kab |p rhl ~|kcv: rh|v v`{v

rhl Am~b mg hmvrv! Rhl{ i`{ n|kab!n|r K tkaa rl`~ bmtc: `cb ilc tkaa

fàa rhli rhl tkfjlb rl~~krm~{! cbrhl plmpal rmt`~b thmi rhl Am~b kv

kcbkdc`cr gm~lwl~# [m|~ l{lv tkaavll rhkv `cb {m| tkaa v`{! rhl Am~bnl i`dckgklb nl{mcb rhl nm~bl~ mg

Kv~`la #

Ià`fhk 05 0)4568Y thlc hlbkvfmwl~lb rh`r `t`{ g~mi rhl gl~rkakr{ mg rhl l`~rh vhàa nl {m|~ btlaakcd! `cb `t`{ g~mi rhl blt mg hl`wlc g~mi `nmwl# N{ {m|~ vtm~b {m| vhàa akwl! `cb {m|~ n~mrhl~ {m| vhàa vl~wl: n|r kr vhàa fmil `nm|r thlc {m|nlfmil ~lvralvv rh`r {m| tkaa n~l`j hkv {mjl g~mi {m|~ clfj Dlclvkv >45 6; )2?# Im~lkipm~r`cra{ rhl clxr wl~vl v`kb Vm Lv`|nm~l ` d~|bdl `d`kcvr E`fmn nlf`|vl mg rhlnalvvkcd tkrh thkfh hkv g`rhl~ h`b nalvvlb hki! `cb Lv`| v`kb rm hkivlag! rhl b`{v mg im|~ckcd gm~ g`rhl~ kv cl`~: rhlc K tkaa jkaa i{ n~mrhl~ E`fmn# Zwl~vl 20Y# Kcrl~lvrkcda{!thkal Lv`| fmcflkwlb i|~bl~ kc hkv hl`~r `d`kcvr hkv n~mrhl~! wl~vl 2> alr |v jcmtrh`r rhl tm~bv mg hl~ labl~ vmc tl~l ~lpm~r)lb rm ^lnlj`h# Thlc ^lnlj`h `pp~m`fhlbE`fmn tkrh rhl vr~`rld{ mg dlrrkcd rhl nalvv)kcd mg hkv g`rhl~ kc pa`fl mg hkv n~mrhl~ E`fmnv`kb5 pl~h`pv i{ g`rhl~ tkaa glla il! rhlc K tkaa nl `v ` blflkwl~ kc hkv vkdhr! `cb tkaa n~kcd |pmc i{vlag ` f|~vl `cb cmr ` nalvv)kcd Z Dlclvkv >450>Y5 Rm rhkv hkv imrhl~~lpaklb: {m|~ f|~vl nl mc il! i{ vmc: mca{ mnl{ i{ wmkfl! `cb dm Zwl~vl 06Y# RhlAm~b bkb cmr cllb ^lnlj`hv h`cb kc g|a)

kaakcd p~mphlv{ n|r Zfmcrb# clxr p`dlY

Rhl @t`jlckcd mg rhl Vp~kcdv kc @~`nk`


19/240;

N|r vhl jclt rhl vr~|ddal vhl glar kc hl~tmin nlgm~l rhl nm{v tl~l nm~c `cb rhlAm~bv lxpa`c`rkmc mg v|fh ` vr~|ddal5 rhlAm~b v`kb rm hl~! rtm c`rkmcv `~l kc {m|~tmin: `cb rtm plmpalv tkaa nl vlp`~`rlbg~mi {m|~ nmb{: `cb mcl plmpal vhàa nlvr~mcdl~ rh`r rhl mrhl~: `cb rhl mabl~ vhàavl~wl rhl {m|cdl~ Dlclvkv >6# Kc rhlc`r|~à Lv`| t`v ` vjkaag|a h|crl~! thkal

E`fmn t`v ` pl`flg|a i`c ZDlc >4Y#Ammjkcd `r ` vmc rh`r jkaalb gm~ ` akwkcd `cbmcl thm t`v pl`flg|a ^lnlj`h rmmj cmfh`cflv# G|~rhl~im~l! tl `~l rmab kc Dlclvkv>75 62)6< rh`r thlc Lv`| t`v gm~r{ {l`~vmab! hl i`~~klb E|bkrh rhl b`|dhrl~ mg Nll~krhl Hkrrkrl `cb N`vli`rh rhl b`|dhrl~ mg Lamc rhl Hkrrkrl `cb rhl{ n~m|dhr d~klg rmKv``f `cb ^lnlj`h # ^lnlj`h v`t rh`r rhl~lnlaakmc kc Lv`| `cb hkv bkvhmcm~kcd |àk)rklv t`v cmr mca{ ` p~lvlcr rh~l`r n|r ` g|)r|~l rh~l`r gm~ rhl blvflcb`crv mg rhl Kv``f

thm nm~l rhl p~mikvl# N{ i`~~k`dl rhl F`)c``ckrlv tm|ab bli`cb l |àkr{ thkal vrkaa kc` vpk~kr|à bldlcl~`rkwl vr`rl# ^lnlj`h bkbcmr lxf|vl hl~ `frkmc n|r t`v ~`rhl~ tkaakcdrm r`jl mc ` f|~vl gm~ th`r vhl bmkcd# CmtLv`| v`t rh`r rhl b`|dhrl~ mg F`c``c bkv)pal`vlb hkv g`rhl~! `cb Lv`| tlcr rm Kvhi`la!`cb i`~~klb! nlvkblv rhl tkwlv hlh`b# ZDlclvkv >858 );Y# Rhkv imwl fm|ab nlkcrl~p~lrlb `v ~lfmcfkak`rm~{ imwl mc rhlp`~r mg Lv`|! h`wkcd fmil rm ` ~làku`rkmc mg rhl d~klg hl f`|vlb hkv p`~lcrv# Hmtlwl~! kr

t`v rmm a`rl! gm~ hl h`b à~l`b{ ikcdalb hkvvllb tkrh rhl F`c``ckrlv# Vhm|ab tl `bb rhlp~mphlvklv vpmjlc mwl~ Kvhi`la! rhl f|~vlp~mcm|cflb mc F`c``c n{ Cm`h ZDlclvkv;5> bkvfkpalv!tl àvm lcb |p tkrh 06! vm rhl c|inl~tm~jv rtm t`{v5 \cbl~ rhl dmwl~cilcr mg Dmb! 06 i`~jv rhl ~lnlaakmc mg Dmb `d`kcvr rhl jkcdbmi mg b`~jclvv# Cmt V`r`c! i`bl kr fal`~ rh`r K tkaa i`jl i{vlag akjl rhl Imvr Hkdh ZKv`k`h 02506)02Y Vm Hl fmpklv bkwkclp`rrl~c rm dkwl hkv ~lnlaakmc ` vlcvl mg `|)rhlcrkfkr{# \cbl~ rhl dmwl~cilcr mg V`r`c!06! i`~jv rhl ~lnlaakmc mg V`r`c `d`kcvr rhljkcdbmi mg akdhr# ^lilinl~ Emvlphv vmcvnm~c rm hki kc Ld{pr= \pmc hkv bl`rh nlbE`fmn a`kb hkv ~kdhr h`cb mg nalvvkcd |pmc rhl

{m|cdl~ vmc mg EmvlphI`clvvlh! `cb rhlca`rl~ v`kb rm EmvlphK dkwl {m| mcl pm~rkmc im~l rh`c {m|~ n~mrhl~v! thkfh K rmmj g~mirhl h`cb mg rhl @im~krl tkrh i{ vtm~b `cb i{ nmt vll Dlclvkv 28500 )>> Zkc fmcrlxrY# N{ vmbmkcd rhl Am~b hmcm~lb H`d`~v mnlbklcfl rm~lr|~c `cb v|nikr hl~vlag rm V`~`h# N{ bmkcdvm H`d`~ ~l|ckrlb hàg mg Ld{pr ZKvhi`laY rmrhl fmwlc`c

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