The Search for MB Alternatives Continues During 2005. University of Georgia Tifton Campus
Feb 07, 2016
The Search for MB Alternatives Continues During 2005.
University of Georgia
Tifton Campus
OBJECTIVES
1. Find effective and economical alternatives
2. Reduce the amount of MB used in GA
Efforts Have Focused
1. Fumigants
2. Mulch Types
3. Herbicides
Fumigants and Rates (2002 to 2004)
1. Methyl Bromide 2. Chloropicrin3. Vapam4. Telone II fb chloropicrin5. Telone II fb metam6. Telone C35 fb chloropicrin7. MIDAS8. DMDS alone and with chloropicrin
Spring 2005 Efforts
1. Replicated small plot research trials2. Replicated field trials (10-20 acres)3. Demonstration trials (>120 acres)
Evaluated over 30 possible fumigant combinations
Fall 2005 Efforts
1. Compared three fumigant alternatives2. Compared various types of plastic mulch
Fumigant Options
1. Telone II fb Chloropicrin fb Vapam
Telone II (12 G) fb Vapam (75 G)
V4-05, 60 DAT
Telone C35 (35 G) fb Pic (150 lbs)
V4-05, 60 DAT
Telone II (12 G) fb Chloropicrin (150 lbs) fb Vapam (75 G)
V4-05, 60 DAT
Fumgiant Options*
1. Telone II fb chloropicrin fb Vapam2. MIDAS (methyl iodide plus chloropicrin)3. DMDS (dimethyl disulfide plus chloropicrin)4. MB (methyl bromide plus chloropicrin)5. None
Soil Properties and Application Method Will Play A Crucial Role
Picture provided by Tony Weiss, Dow Agro.
MIDAS, Bromide, Pic and Exp.
Applications of Telone II
rototiller blades
nozzles for KPAM
Vapam Application
Second Attempt
Metam Application
Fall Fumgiant Treatments
1. Telone II fb chloropicrin fb Vapam2. MIDAS (methyl iodide plus chloropicrin)3. DMDS (dimethyl disulfide plus chloropicrin)4. MB (methyl bromide plus chloropicrin)5. None
Rates are broadcast: Telone II 12 G, chlororpicrin 150 lb, Vapam 75 G; MIDAS (50:50 mixture) 350 lbs; DMDS (80:20 mixture) 750 lbs; MB (67:33) 350 lbs.
Mulches*
1. Low density polyethylene (2 types)2. Metalized smooth (2 brands)3. Metalized embossed 4. VIF (2 brands)
LDPE mulch white on black, metalized mulch silver on white, VIF black on black
Searching For Methyl Bromide Alternatives To Manage Nutsedge
A. Stanley Culpepper and MANY others; University of Georgia
Treatments and Fumigants Applied: July 14, 2005
Prelude II Squash Planted on August 10, 2005.
Photos taken on August 30, 2005.
See Summary Information for application procedures etc.
In Field Cooperators
Hendrix and Dale
John Mirusso
Dow Agro SciencesArvesta
Cerexagri
MB 76 ab
MIDAS 79 a
DMDS 69 ab
T2+Pic+Vapam 77 ab
Fumigants LDPE
Percent Nutsedge Control by Fumigants. Ponder Farm, 2005.
MB 76 ab ($450)*
MIDAS 79 a ($??)
DMDS 69 b ($??)
T2+Pic+Vapam 77 ab ($362)
Fumigants LDPE
Percent Nutsedge Control by Fumigants. Ponder Farm, 2005.
*Culpepper’s cost per acre for 2006. Three way 24% cheaper than MB at 350 lb.
MB 76 de 94 ab
MIDAS 79 cd 94 ab
DMDS 69 e 99 a
T2+Pic+Vapam 77 de 87 bc
Fumigants LDPE
Percent Nutsedge Control by Fumigants Applied Under Various Mulches. Ponder Farm, 2005.
Metalized Smooth
MB 76 cde 94 ab 82 bc
MIDAS 79 cd 94 ab 83 bc
DMDS 69 def 99 a 65 ef
T2+Pic+Vapam 77 cd 87 abc 63 f
Fumigants LDPE
Percent Nutsedge Control by Fumigants Applied Under Various Mulches. Ponder Farm, 2005.
Metalized
smooth embossed
MB 76 c-f 94 ab 82 bcd 100 a
MIDAS 79 cde 94 ab 83 bcd 100 a
DMDS 69 def 99 a 65 ef 98 a
T2+Pic+ Vapam
77 c-f 87 abc 63 f 90 abc
Fumigants LDPE
Percent Nutsedge Control by Fumigants Applied Under Various Mulches. Ponder Farm, 2005.
Metalized
smooth embossed VIF
No fumigant
MB 350 lb/A Broadcast, LDPE Mulch
White Surface
MB 350 lb/A Broadcast, Metalized Smooth Mulch
Silver Surface
MIDAS 350 lb/A Broadcast, LDPE Mulch
White Surface
MIDAS 350 lb/A Broadcast, Metalized Smooth Mulch
Silver Surface
White Surface
Telone II (12 Gal) fb Pic (150 lb) fb Vapam (75 G) Broadcast, LDPE Mulch
Silver Surface
Telone II (12 Gal) fb Pic (150 lb) fb Vapam (75 G) Broadcast, Metalized Smooth Mulch
White Surface
DMDS 750 lb/A Broadcast, LDPE Mulch
Silver Surface
DMDS 750 lbs Broadcast, Metalized Smooth Mulch
Much research is still needed on metalized mulches:
1. Interval between fumigating and planting.
VIF LDPE
Telone II fb chloropicrin
Transplanted 21 DAT
Much research is still needed on metalized mulches:
1. Interval between fumigating and planting.
2. Difficulty to lay.
3. Flaking.
4. Longevity compared to standard LDPE mulch.
5. Verify results noted in this trial.
6. Higher price.
MB $748 $1008
MIDAS ?? ??
DMDS ?? ??
T2+Pic+ Vapam
$659 $920
Fumigants LDPE
Cost of Systems Per Acre, 2006.
Metalized
smooth
Can we reduce the rate of these fumigants when applied under
metalized smooth mulch?
Number of Nutsedge Emerged Through Mulch with Methyl Bromide Applied Under LDPE or Metalized
Smooth Mulch. 4 WAT. LTF, Fall 2005.
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
MB 400 lb, LDPE
MB 300 lb, LDPE
MB 300 lb, Met. S
MB 200 lb, Met. S
a
d
b
c
Plots were 3 beds by 1500 row feet. Counts made on 3 beds 400 row feet.
Not Saying There is a Consistent MB Alternative BUT its Time to Try Some Things!!
Questions or Comments?