The Science to map the future Basics.pdf · 2014-07-02 · GIS Coordination Cross-jurisdictional and cross- functional sharing of data is crucial, especially in emergency situations

GIS: The Science to map the future

Sajjad Anwar

http://geohackers.in

What is Geography ?

• The study of the Earth and its lands, features, inhabitants, and phenomena

• Information about the earth’s surface and things on it.

• Framework for organizing data• Science behind GIS

Geography matters to all of us!

What is GIS?

Geographic Information System

Technology to create, visualize, integrate, and analyze data from a geographic perspective

Automated tool for making maps

Process for creating information relevant to

decisions made by people and organizations

System that supports program and resource planning, inventory,

management, and evaluation activities

What is GIS?

A picture is worth…a thousand rows of data!

Dairy Farms

View, interpret and understand data in ways not possible with other tools!

GIS is used to...

✔ Facilitate communication✔ Promote coordination✔ Solve problems✔ Measure resources✔ Make decisions✔ Understand past and present

situations✔ Anticipate future scenarios

GIS is a way to model our world!

EventsZoningStreetsUtilities

Natural Resources

Real World

The process of GIS…

✔ Think about a place or topic…✔ Ask a question about it…✔ Make a map…✔ Explore patterns that appear…✔ Try different analyses…✔ Ask a new question…✔ Repeat…

Maps that tell a story…

✗ Where is ____?✗ How many ____?✗ Density of ____?✗ What’s inside ____?✗ What’s near ____?✗ How has ____ changed?✗ How do ____ relate?✗ What if ____?

Where is ____?

✔ Find places and features✔ Determine optimum routes

✔ Calculate driving time✔ Efficiently plan site visits✔ Define service areas

✔ Find patterns✔ See where to take action

All of us have used a map to figure out where “it” is and how to get there.

GIS helps us identify the best responder and best route in emergency situations.

Patterns emerge when you look at the distribution of features.

Earthquake hazard maps are essential for creating and updating building codes. earthquake.usgs.gov

How many ____?

✔ Mapping the quantity of features by area helps us✔ find places that meet specific criteria✔ see relationships between places

✔ More information than simply mapping the locations of features

✔ Prioritize and manage actions based on the “most” or “least”

Percent of vacant housing units

Density of ____?

✔ Map concentrations of features by location

✔ Measure the number of features using a uniform area measurement unit to clearly see the distribution✔ Per acre or square mile

✔ Prioritize and manage actions based on density

Human Population Density

What’s near ____?

✔ Map what's located or occurring within a set distance of a feature

✔ Prioritize and manage actions around a feature

✔ Example✔ Identify and sample livestock within a 5-mile

radius of an infected animal

Find the closest ATM location to the restaurant you’re

eating in before the bill arrives!

What if _______?

Integrate data from different sources to develop

“what if” scenarios

What if the Greenland Ice Sheet melts?

Red areas of southern Florida are susceptible to a five-meter rise of sea level, based on elevation. Yellow denotes urban areas

GIS Coordination

✔ Cross-jurisdictional and cross-functional sharing of data is crucial, especially in emergency situations ✔ Does the data exist?✔ Who has it?✔ How can I access it?✔ How useful is it for my need (quality,

completeness, scale, age, attributes)?✔ Can I easily integrate it with other data?

GIS Coordination

✔ Public expects and deserves efficient and effective services

✔ Number of people using location-based technologies continues to increase (e.g., GIS, GPS, Web Maps)

What is next?

✔Organizations using GIS

✔Non profit communities for GIS consultancy

✔Softwares and Media used for GIS development

Questions?

Thanks for your

participation