The RuleML Initiative, July/August 2001 International Semantic Web Working Symposium SWWS-01 30 July - 1 August 2001, Stanford, California, USA Harold Boley, Said Tabet and Gerd Wagner Design Rationale of RuleML: A Markup Language for Semantic Web Rules
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The RuleML Initiative, July/August 2001 International Semantic Web Working Symposium SWWS-01 30 July - 1 August 2001, Stanford, California, USA Harold.
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The RuleML Initiative, July/August 2001
International Semantic Web Working SymposiumSWWS-01
30 July - 1 August 2001, Stanford, California, USA
Harold Boley, Said Tabet and Gerd Wagner
Design Rationale of RuleML: A Markup Language for Semantic Web Rules
The RuleML Initiative, July/August 2001 2
Introduction and Background The RuleML Initiative as a Web Ontology Effort Modular Syntax & Semantics of RuleML RuleML DTDs: release 0.8 Negation Handling in RuleML Priorities/Evidences in RuleML RuleML Implementations via XSLT & Rule Engines Example: A Semantic Web Scenario in Insurance Conclusions
Agenda
The RuleML Initiative, July/August 2001 3
Introduction and Background
Semantic Web rules less studied than corresponding ontology (taxonomy) markup
Rule Markup Initiative fills this gap by exploring rule systems (e.g.,extended Horn logics) suitable for the Web:
Syntax (XML and RDF), semantics, tractability/efficiency, transformation, and compilation
• Derivation rules: may be evaluated bottom-up as in deductive databases, top-down as in logic programming, or by tabled resolution as in XSB• Reaction rules: also called "ECA" -- “Event-Condition-Action" -- or “Trigger" rules• Possible combinations
RuleML
The RuleML Initiative, July/August 2001 4
The RuleML Initiative as a Web Ontology Effort
RuleML Initiative: started in August 2000 during the Pacific Rim International Conference on Artificial Intelligence (PRICAI 2000)
February/March 2001: First RuleML BOF at W3C Plenary and WG Meeting event
Ontology ‘equation’: Ontology = Taxonomies + Axioms(with Axioms having the form of Rules) gives big picture
System of sublanguages: from RDF-like triples to a labeled Horn logic with equations plus URI individuals and relations
The RuleML Initiative, July/August 2001 5
Modular Syntax & Semantics of RuleML
Reaction Rules
1. 2.
Integrity Constraints Derivation Rules
3.
Facts
RuleML hierarchy top-level:
1. Integrity constraints: reaction rules that signal inconsistency when certain conditions are fulfilled
2. Derivation rules: reaction rules whose action happens to only 'assert' a conclusion when certain conditions (premises) are fulfilled
3. Facts: derivation rules with empty conjunction of premises
The RuleML Initiative, July/August 2001 6
Modular Syntax & Semantics of RuleML (Cont’d)
urc-bin-data-ground-facturc-bin-data-ground-log
urc-bin-datalog
bin-datalogurc-datalog
ur-datalog
ur-hornlog
ur-equalog
hornlog
equalog
datalog
ur
Rooted DAG will be extended withbranches for further sublanguages
URL/URI-like‘ur’-objects
derivation rules
RDF- like triples
ur-datalog = join(ur,datalog
)
Sublanguagehierarchy:
RDF Rules
The RuleML Initiative, July/August 2001 7
Modular Syntax & Semantics of RuleML (Cont’d)
Separation of concerns:Sublanguage hierarchy:
12 sublanguages together constitute modularized basic RuleML definition. Except 'UR' (URL/URI) group correspond to well-known rule systems, each with semantic (model- and proof-theoretic) characterizationConcrete markup:
In recent months, RuleML 0.7 DTDs have been developed into RuleML 0.8 DTDs without affecting the above semantics. The new markup uses XML in RDF's 'explicit role-markup' style, relativizing XML's positionality to places where RDF's Seq containers or DAML+OIL lists are used
XSLT: is a Rule Based Language is a Transformation Tool for RuleML Knowledge
Bases (KB): Using Style sheets to exchange RuleML KBs
Implementations: With GEDCOM, Mike Dean created the first
operational RuleML (0.7) rulebase, where rules on family relationships (child, spouse, etc.) are run via XSLT translators to the XSB, JESS, and N3/cwm engines
With Mandarax RuleML, Jens Dietrich has implemented the first complete input-processing-output environment for RuleML (0.8)
The RuleML Initiative, July/August 2001 16
A Semantic Web Scenario in Insurance
A teenager after her first car accident:
how much will my premiums increase and how does this accident affect my insurance policy?
Principle: Uniform RuleML representation of derivation rules and underlying document metadata