The roles of purchasing and supply management in increasing speed and efficiency Prof. Ir. I Nyoman Pujawan, M.Eng, Ph.D, CSCP Professor of Supply Chain Engineering Kepala Laboratorium Logistics & Supply Chain Management Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember E-mail: [email protected]Supply Chain Summit, Bali 24 Juni 2014
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The roles of purchasing and
supply management in increasing
speed and efficiency
Prof. Ir. I Nyoman Pujawan, M.Eng, Ph.D, CSCP Professor of Supply Chain Engineering
Kepala Laboratorium Logistics & Supply Chain Management
name to International Federation of Purchasing and
Supply Management (IFPSM) in 2004.
(www.ifpsm.org)
Purchasing Management
Procurement Management
Supply Management
Semakin strategis perannya
Posisi CPO Relatif Terhadap CEO: Supply Management is becoming more strategic
0
57,14
23,81
9,52
9,52
0 10 20 30 40 50 60
1 level
2 levels
3 levels
4 levels
5 levels
21 respondents of American Utility Industry, 2009
Rata-rata 2.71 level di bawah CEO, dan rata-rata 3.9 level dari layer terbawah SME ke CPO. Di industri aerospace dan defense (26 sample), angka pertama adalah 2.23
From Tactical to Strategic Buying: Bethlehem Steel’s Evolution
Almost 50% SME perform strategic functions (CAPS Survey, 2009)
Industry SME as % of
Total Employees
Strategic
SME (%)
Operational
SME (%)
Aerospace / Defense 3.53 21.43 78.57
Chemical 1.56 45.52 54.48
Computer Software 0.61 58.96 41.04
Beverage & Foods 0.42 77.90 22.1
Electronics 2.89 34.19 65.81
Engineering / Construction 4.06 25.96 74.04
Industrial Manufacturing 0.95 45.85 54.15
Metals / Mining 1.54 40.12 59.88
Petroleum 2.93 32.00 68
Pharmaceutical 0.90 50.90 49.1
Semiconductor 0.92 36.58 63.42
Avarage 1.85 42.67 57.33
At Chevron, there will be a focus on an increased emphasis on the strategic rather than the tactical aspects of procurement (procurement transaction processes will be automated and/or outsourced).
Increased integration of suppliers into the business (integrated work processes, standardized
specifications, shared equity arrangements) is a goal of ours. ...........
(Helmut F. Porkert is chief procurement officer of the global procurement organization at Chevron
Corporation – Interview with Journal of SCM).
Procurement Strategies
Typical Supplier Portfolio Model
Strategi Pengadaan
• Gunakan waktu lebih banyak untuk yang strategis
• Minimalkan waktu / simplifikasi proses untuk yang non-critical (p-card, blanket order, etc.)
• Pelihara bargaining position untuk leverage
• Geser posisi untuk bottleneck (misalnya melalui kolaborasi horizontal)
Petroleum Industry Benchmark (Involving 22 global companies, CAPS 2010)
• Percent of managed spend through stand alone purchase orders 28.81% (Max. 67.81%)
• Percent of managed spend through blanket agreements / long-term contracts 59.45% (max. 95.41%)
• Percent of spend through procurement cards 0.97% (Max. 4.97%)
• Percent of active suppliers that account for 80% of spend 4.64%
Trend toward decreased supply base, Case of Petroleum industry
CAPS Report, 2010
Relationships with Suppliers
• During the past 5 years, percent of long-term contracts that were awarded to single-source suppliers 24.83% (max. 70%)
• During the past 5 years, percent of long-term contracts that were awarded to sole-source suppliers 21.42% (max. 70%)
• During the past 5 years, percent of long-term contracts that were competitively bid 60.84% (max. 100%)
Pembelian Kuas, 2011
Part No Deskripsi Supplier Nilai (Rp) # PO 1 KUAS -- KUAS-CAT-3IN -- GENERAL 21.900.510 104
2 KUAS -- KUAS-CAT-2IN -- GENERAL
5.318.550 46
3 KUAS ROLL -- KUAS-ROLL-5IN -- GENERAL
10.896.660 45
4
KUAS -- KUAS-CAT-4IN. PROSES SPPBC --
GENERAL
4.179.280 40
5 KUAS ROLL -- KUAS-ROLL-7IN -- GENERAL
9.271.550 36
6 KUAS -- KUAS-CAT-2,5IN -- GENERAL
2.057.680 17
7 KUAS -- KUAS-CAT-1,5IN -- GENERAL
1.294.820 12
8 KUAS ROLL -- KUAS-ROLL-4IN -- GENERAL
2.136.600 10
9
KUAS -- KUAS-CAT-1IN **** SPPBC **** --
GENTOOL
1.392.300 9
10 KUAS -- KUAS-CAT-5IN -- GENTOOL
351.400 3
58.799.350 322 13
Jumlah Item per PO: Kasus 1 PT A
7075
1147
445 285 169 148 113 94 79 77 229
JUM
LAH
1
JUM
LAH
2
JUM
LAH
3
JUM
LAH
4
JUM
LAH
5
JUM
LAH
6
JUM
LAH
7
JUM
LAH
8
JUM
LAH
9
JUM
LAH
10
JUM
LAH
>10
Grafik di samping menunjukkan jumlah item per PO untuk tahun 2011. Sekitar 72% PO hanya memuat satu item. Perlu upaya meningkatkan jumlah item per PO. Single item