The role of mitochondrial DNA variation in age-related decline in gait … · Station, TX). Baseline characteristics of participants were stratified by five groups (haplogroup H,
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The role of mitochondrial DNA variation in age-related decline in gait speed
among older men living with HIV
Jing Sun1, Todd T. Brown1,2, David C. Samuels3, Todd Hulgan4, Gypsyamber D’Souza1,
Beth D. Jamieson5, Kristine M. Erlandson8, Jeremy Martinson6, Frank J. Palella Jr.7,
Joseph B. Margolick 1, Gregory D. Kirk1,2, Jennifer A. Schrack1,9
1Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health 2Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine 3Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine 4Vanderbilt University Medical Center 5David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California-Los Angeles 6University of Pittsburgh, Graduate School of Public Health 7Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine 8University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus; Aurora, CO 9Center on Aging and Health, Johns Hopkins University
Co-responding author:
Jing Sun, MD, MPH, PhD Department of Epidemiology Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health 2213 McElderry St. Baltimore, MD 21205, USA Email: [email protected] Tel: (410)-614-4413
Running head: mtDNA variation and gait speed in PLWHIV
Summary:
Mitochondrial DNA haplogroup and longitudinal gait speed decline after the age of 50 were
studied among white men infected with HIV. Haplogroup J was an independent risk factor for
more rapid age-related gait speed decline.
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TABLES
Table 1. Baseline characteristics by mitochondrial genetic haplotype
*Categorical variables tested by Fisher’s Exact test; continuous variables tested by Kruskal-Wallis equality-of-populations rank test N=number; SD=standard deviation; IQR=Interquartile range
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Table 2. Unadjusted and adjusted Longitudinal Association between Age and Gait Speed (modeled as a continuous variable in meters per second), by mitochondrial DNA Haplogroups.
*Models adjusted for HCV infection, AIDS diagnosis, Log10 viremia copy year, college education, cigarette smoking Ɨ, peripheral neuropathy, weight, height, and time-varying exposure to thymidine analogues (ever vs. never). Ɨ Cigarette smoking was controlled in models by time-varying smoking status (yes vs. no), time-varying smoking status (never vs. former vs. current), or pack-year smoke. All methods returned similar changes
Crude estimation Adjusted estimation*
Slope
(m/s/year)
SE P Slope
(m/s/year).
SE P
Halogroup
J vs. others
J*age -0.006 0.003 0.026 -0.006 0.003 0.012
gait speed
(Non-J)
-0.012 0.001 <0.001 -0.011 0.001 <0.001
gait speed
(group J)
-0.017 0.003 <0.001 -0.018 0.003 <0.001
Haplogroup
H vs.
others
H*age 0.001 0.002 0.48 0.002 0.002 0.20
gait speed
(Non-H)
-0.013 0.001 <0.001 -0.012 0.001 <0.001
Gait speed
(group H)
-0.011 0.001 <0.001 -0.010 0.001 <0.001
Haplogroup
T vs. others
T*age 0.00001 0.002 0.996 -0.00007 0.002 0.98
Gait speed
(Non-T)
-0.012 0.001 <0.001 -0.012 0.001 <0.001
Gait speed
(group T)
-0.012 0.002 <0.001 -0.012 0.002 <0.001
Haplogroup
Uk vs.
others
Uk*age -0.0005 0.002 0.78 0.0001 0.002 0.94
Gait speed
(Non-Uk)
-0.012 0.001 <0.001 -0.012 0.001 <0.001
Gait speed
(group Uk)
-0.013 0.001 <0.001 -0.012 0.002 <0.001
of the magnitude of association between haplogroup and gait speed. Time-varying smoking status (never vs. former vs. current) was selected and used in the final model.
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Table 3. Probability of slow gait after age of 50 by independent variables.