The role of local leaders in promoting small scale tourism: Comparative Analyses of Homestays on Labuan Island, Malaysia

THE ROLE OF LOCAL LEADERS IN PROMOTING SMALL SCALE TOURISM:

COMPARATIVE ANALYSES OF HOMESTAY PATAU PATAU 2 AND HOMESTAY BUKIT KUDA, WILAYAH PERSEKUTUAN LABUAN, MALAYSIA

PREPARED BY:AZMAN MAT ISA, SUN JIE, PHAM VAN KIM NGOC, VIDTHAYANON SALYAVET,

FATMAWATI LATADA, ROZITA MOHD HUSAIN & MOHAMED ISHAK ADUL HAMID

FACILLITATOR : DR.COLLONIUS ATANG

2CONTENT

INTRODUCTION COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS HOMESTAY ISSUES ROLE OF LOCAL LEADERS SUGGESTIONS CONCLUSION

3INTRODUCTION

Tourism can be a tool for sustainable economic development, poverty reduction and heritage conservation

4MAPSLabuan Island

Bukit Kuda Homestay

Patau Patau 2 Homestay

5MAPSBukit KudaHomestay

Homestay Cooperation

Surau

6MAPSPatau Patau 2Homestay

Community Hall

Kindergarten

Industries

7KAMPUNG PATAU PATAU 2

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9KAMPUNG BUKIT KUDA

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JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC

SEASONAL CALENDAR Public Holiday

School HolidayFestive SeasonUniversity Session – Student IntakeInternational Event

Sea Challenge Labuan Art Festival

Harvest Festival

Borneo Art Festival

Federal Public Holiday

of Bukit Kuda

Ramadan

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JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC

SEASONAL CALENDAR Public Event

Festive EventWeddingReligious Activity

Traditional Water Sport

Independence DayBack to School

of Patau Patau 2

Ramadan

Food Traditional Festival

13HISTORICAL TIMELINE of Bukit Kuda

Started

1938

Introduced3 houses

2008

HomestayCertification

Released

2009

17 Homestay available

2016

14

Started

1800

Moved to Patau I

1881

Road & Wood Bridge

1980

Storm6 houses damaged

1990

Fire4 houses damaged

2010

Concrete Bridge128 houses

Avg. 5 household each

2016

HISTORICAL TIMELINE of Patau Patau 2

15COMPARATIVEANALYSIS Bukit Kuda VS Patau Patau 2

Location

SeashoreHill & Mountain

16COMPARATIVEANALYSIS Bukit Kuda VS Patau Patau 2

Number of Homestay

7 HS / 3 active17 HS / almost active

17COMPARATIVEANALYSIS Bukit Kuda VS Patau Patau 2

Origin of main tourist

International touristsLocal tourists

18COMPARATIVEANALYSIS Bukit Kuda VS Patau Patau 2Income

Range : 1.5k – 5k RM/month

Public sector 35%

Private sector 30%

Self employ 35%

Range : 3k – 50k RM/month

Public sector 5%

Private sector 20%

Self employ 75%

19

2 2 Agriculture

Training by HS Cooperation

COMPARATIVEANALYSIS Bukit Kuda VS Patau Patau 2

Projects

3 Infrastructure

Aquaculture

20Operational Issues

Lack of feedback and demand from tourists and Homestay operators (PT PT2 & BK)

Lack of “buy-in” from the community (PT PT2)Lack of engagement in culture and nature

(PT PT2) Insufficient attraction to maintain the tourism

(BK)

21Lack of feedback and demand from tourists

and Homestay operators (PT PT2 & BK)

Tourist demandTarget market

Blank Feedback form Insufficient statistic data of tourists’

demand

22Lack of “buy-in” from the community (PT PT2)

Minor income from HomestayConflict between marketing and reality

Inactive operationNo commitment

23Lack of engagement in culture and nature (PT PT2)

Few of activities: Fish netting, Crab trapping, Boat rowing

Natural resource Annual event Heritage

conservation

24Insufficient attraction to maintain the tourism (BK)

Interesting and diverse activities: fishing, fruit picking, jungle tracking, bird watching, traditional dance, or visiting popular spots

Local visitors onlyMarketing strategyNetworking

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27ROLE OF LOCAL LEADERS

Issues observed in homestay tourism - Three layers of leadership – bureaucracy and unclear jurisdiction - No local champion - Dependency trap - Lack of esteem and confidence

28ROLE OF LOCAL LEADERS - Mechanism of Management System

Ministry of Tourism and

Culture

Homestay Cooperation

Homestay Provider

Homestay Provider

Homestay Provider

Three layers

bureaucracy and unclear jurisdiction

User Experience

29ROLE OF LOCAL LEADERS - Lack of Local Champion

Status quo: • Part-time management• No strong commitment• Facilitator as a key role• Lack of systematic

leadership• Limited skills and capacity

Expectation: • Commitment to management• Strong passion to challenge the

status quo• Leader with influence• Leader with vision, planning,

innovation and good communication

Gap

30ROLE OF LOCAL LEADERS - Dependency trap

Dependency Trap

Local Capacit

y

Fear in reflecting

true problems

Hand-holding

by governm

ent / donors

31ROLE OF LOCAL LEADERS - Lack of esteem and confidence

Lack of capacity and communication skills Affect the satisfaction of the user experience, making visitors (esp.

international visitors) feel not confident in the service Hinder the recommendation from the visitors to other potential clients

32ROLE OF LOCAL LEADERS - Local leadership and sustainability

Vision Action plan Capacity Building

Leadership

Sustainability

33SUGGESTIONS

OPERATIONAL ISSUES1. LACK OF FEEDBACK & DEMAND

FROM TOURISTS AND HS OPERATORS2. LACK OF ‘BUY-IN’ FROM THE

COMMUNITY3. LACK OF ENGAGEMENT IN CULTURE

AND NATURE4. INSUFFICIENT ATTRACTIONS

SUGGESTIONS1. DEVELOP INFORMATION SYSTEM FOR HS –

PROFILING & PERFORMANCE MONITORING2. PLAN & DESIGN QUALITY PRODUCTS3. INTEGRATED APPROACH, SYMBIOTIC

RELATIONSHIP – HS PROVIDERS, FISHING, BOAT TOUR OPERATOR, CULTURE - VALUE FOR MONEY PACKAGE

4. INCREASING DEPTH & BREADTH OF ATTRACTIONS

34SUGGESTIONS

LEADERSHIP ISSUES1. TOO MANY LAYERS OF LEADERSHIP2. NO LOCAL CHAMPION3. DEPENDENCY TRAP4. LACK OF SELF ESTEEM &

CONFIDENCE

SUGGESTIONS1. DEVELOP A DATABASE TO STORE

INFORMATION ABOUT HS – 2. BETTER MANAGEMENT OF HS3. COMMUNITY DRIVEN & SMART-

PARTNERSHIP4. TRAINING

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• Unique location• Surrounding

resources• Strategic

partnerships• Outsider as initiator

• Local champion• Community-based

organisation• Research and

tourism inventory• Concern for welfare

of CBT members• Systematic

management

INTERNAL FACTORS EXTERNAL FACTORS

CRITICAL SUCCESS FACTORS

36CRUCIAL ROLE OF LOCAL CHAMPIONDURING FORMATIVE YEARS

• Natural born leader

• Ability to galvanise and transform

Good Communicator

Sensible

Proactive

Courageous

Innovative Disciplined

Resourceful

Patient

Visionary

Trustworthy

37The Linkages

38CONCLUSION

COMMUNITY BASED TOURISM

Tourism that emphasizes the empowerment of local communities, and their participation in the decision-making

process related to the management of tourism.

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Ancora Imparo (Michaelangelo, 1562)

– Yet I am learning

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Xie xie

Kob Khun Krub

Cam on

Terima kasih

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