The Roaring 20s Chapter 20 1919-1929 How did the United States experience both economic growth and social change in the decade after World War I?
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The Roaring 20s Chapter 20 1919-1929
How did the United States experience both
economic growth and social change in the
decade after World War I?
Bell Work- 1/7/15 Write the
question and
your answer!
Objectives
Explain the impact of Henry Ford and the
automobile.
Analyze the consumer revolution and the bull
market of the 1920s.
Compare the different effects of the economic
boom on rural and urban America.
A Booming Economy
The Automobile Drives Prosperity
Main Idea: A large economic boom in the 1920s was sparked largely by
the automobile industry. Henry Ford’s use of mass production and
assembly lines lowered car prices and increased the number of
Americans who owned cars.
A Bustling Economy
Main Idea: The economic growth of the 1920 impacted both consumers
and the stock market.
Cities, Suburbs, and Country
Main Idea: Cities grew in population and size and improved
transportation allowed suburbs to expand, but rural areas did not share
in this growth.
Continued…
Postwar Adjustments Economic Adjustments
◦ Wartime demand dropped
◦ Soldiers faced
unemployment
◦ Lower demand
◦ Higher cost of living
◦ Labor Unrest increased
◦ Discrimination against
blacks
A Consumer Economy
Buying On Credit
Age of Electricity
Ford and the
Automobile
Effects on the rest of
the economy
Industrial growth
Bell Work- 1/8/15
Year Number of
Autos sold
1920 2 million
1921 1.5 million
1922 2.5 million
1923 3.6 million
1924 3.2 million
1925 3.7 million
1926 3.7 million
1927 3 million
1928 3.7 million
1929 4.5 million
1. By how much did annual
automobile sales increase
between 1920 & 1925?
Between 1925 and 1929?
2. What can be said about
the overall rate of
automobile sales between
the beginning and the end
of the 1920s?
3. What influence do you
think the automobile has
had on American culture
today?
Use the chart below to answer the
questions. You do not have to write
the question, but must answer in
complete sentences!
American Automobile Sales in the 1920s
Auto Drives Prosperity
Henry Ford – assembly line: moving
line brought car to the worker, who
added parts; reduced production
time for a Model T to 90 minutes
Scientific management: process of
hiring experts to improve mass
production techniques
Ordinary people could
afford one
Economic Boom of the 1920s GRAPH
Changes in America
Auto industry
stimulated other
industries related
to car
manufacture
(insurance, steel,
glass, rubber,
asphalt, wood,
gasoline, road
construction)
Other forms of
transportation
declined
Appearance of
service stations,
diners, motels
Sense of freedom
Suburbs
Consumer Revolution Advertising: focused on the desires and
fears of Americans more than what people
really needed
Consumer credit – installment buying
Bull market: period of rising stock prices
◦ More and more people buy stocks to get rich
quick
Buying on margin – borrowing money to
buy stocks
Cities, Suburbs, and Country
People flock to cities
Suburbs grow, draining people and
resources from the cities
Many Americans face hardship; farm
incomes declined during the 1920s
Earnings of Agricultural Employees, 1918-1928 CHART
New York City Skyline
TRANSPARENCY
Population of Selected U.S. Cities, 1910-1930 CHART
Bell Work- 1/12/15
How did the automobile change American
society?
Objectives
Explain the role that the United States
played in the world during the 1920’s.
Describe the rise of modernism in the
United States.
Analyze the importance of the Scopes
trial.
Collecting War Debts
U.S. refused to join the World Court
Dawes Plan – U.S. make loans to
Germany to pay reparation to Britain and
France
Britain and France repay debts to U.S.
After crash of 1929, Germany stopped
reparation payments, and Britain and
France stopped paying the U.S.
After World War II, the U.S. would be
more flexible
Traditionalism and Modernism
More Americans in urban areas
Urban Americans open to social change
and science – modernism
Rural Americans – more traditional view
of religion, science, and culture
Education became very importance in
urban America
Religious fundamentalism (Bible as literal
truth)
Clash over evolution
High School Education, 1900-1930
CHART
Science vs. Religion Debate
Darwin’s Origin of
Species complex forms
of life (like people)
evolved from simpler
forms of life
◦ Clashed with description of
creation in the Bible
Tennessee passed a law
banning the teaching of
evolution in schools
Scopes Trial
ACLU convinced
John Scopes (a
biology teacher) to
challenge the law
Scopes taught
evolution in class and
he was arrested
At the trial, Scopes
was found guilty and
fined $100
Though the defense
lost the case, the
resulting media
circus caused
fundamentalists to
look bad.
Public opinion began
to sway towards
separating religion
and science in
schools.
Bell Work- Please copy the questions on your
bell work sheet. You will not answer them yet.
* What did gangsters look
like during Prohibition?
* Have you ever
disrespected a law?
* What benefits resulted
from the Prohibition era?
* What do you know about
Al Capone?
* What was the objective of
Prohibition?
* Would you have supported
Prohibition if you had lived
in the 1920s?
* What similarities and
differences exist in the
styles of gangsters during
Prohibition and those today?
* Do you think the 1920s
were more corrupt than
today?
* How did the role of
women change in
Hollywood and in society in
the 1920s?
* Would the Roaring
Twenties have continued if
the stock market had not
crashed?
Objectives
Analyze the goals and motives of the KKK
in the 1920s.
Discuss the successes and failures of the
18th Amendment.
Rising Intolerance Nationwide Racial
Discrimination
◦ African Americans in the North
◦ Anti Semitic business practices
◦ Mexicans
The New Ku Klux Klan
◦ White, Protestant, native-born Americans
◦ Hiram Wesley Evans – Imperial Wizard
◦ Over 4 million member in 1924
KKK Violence
Prohibition 18th Amendment- forbade the manufacture,
distribution, and sale of alcohol
Volstead Act – enforced the amendment
Stills, bootleggers
Organized crime
Al Capone- Chicago gang leader;
“businesses” included prostitution, drugs,
robbery, and murder
“I make my money from supplying a public
demand. If I break the law, my customers,
who number hundreds of the best people in
Chicago, are as guilty as I am. The only
difference between us is that I sell and they
buy. Everybody calls me a racketeer. I call
myself a businessman.”
Political Cartoon: Prohibition TRANSPARENCY
The Flapper and Changes for Women
Style
◦ “bobbed” their Hair
◦ Wore makeup and shorter dresses
◦ Smoked and drank in public
Work and Politics
◦ Women moved into office, sales, and professional jobs
◦ Voted in local and national elections
◦ Elected to political office
Charles Lindbergh
May 1927, Lindbergh took off from
Long Island, New York
Spirit of St. Louis
In 33 hours, he landed in Paris
Lone Eagle
The Harlem Renaissance Section 5
How did African Americans express
a new sense of hope and pride?
Vocabulary:
-Marcus Garvey Claude McKay
-jazz Louis Armstrong
-Langston Hughes Bessie Smith
-Zora Neale Hurston
-Harlem Renaissance
Marcus Garvey and Black Pride Alternative solutions to
accepting white supremacy
“the first man to give millions of Negroes a sense of dignity and destiny” MLK
Black Pride
Black Eagle Flying Corps
Empower blacks worldwide toward economic, religious, psychological, and cultural independence
Believed in racial separatism
The Jazz Age
Jazz Clubs
Music emerged from New
Orleans
◦ 500 clubs in Harlem alone
◦ Cotton Club, Connie’s Inn,
The Saratoga Club
◦ Jelly Roll Morton Band,
Louis Armstrong (Satchmo),
Duke Ellington, Bessie Smith
Harlem Renaissance
African American
Literary awakening
Langston Hughes
Zora Neale Hurston
The Harlem Renaissance TRANSPARENCY
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