The Roadmap to Develop Smart Water Supply & Sanitation for Our Cities by Sudhir Krishna

The Roadmap to Develop Smart Water Supply

& Sanitation for Our Cities

Sudhir KrishnaJanuary 2015

1

Perspectives of a Smart City

• Economist: Money Spinner

• Architect: Well designed Structures

• Sociologist: Social Equity

• Environmentalist: Green

2

Smart WATSAN

• Drainage

• Water Supply

• Sewage Management

• Solid Waste Management

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Smart Drainage PlanningTarget: Zero flooding

• Comprehensive drainage mapping

• Legal back up

• Storm water should nurture water bodies

• Also, aquifers

• Sewage should not flow into SWD system

• Take SWD System as part of City Beauty

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Strategic Densification Helps Smart WATSAN in Cities

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Framework for Smart Water SupplyTarget: 24x7 Supply of Good quality water

• Approach: Metering, with Rational tariff: Reduces

water consumption with 24x7 Supply (135 to <100)

E.g.: Nagpur, Hubli-Dharwar, Surat, Ahm’bad

• SCADA for remote monitoring & metering

• Recycle & Reuse waste water: Get up to 70% extra

• Reduce NRW from 30% to 15%

• Ban use of UG Water in cities

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Smart Sewage ManagementTarget: 100% Recycle & Reuse

• Decentralised STPs: 1-2 MLD (Rs. 2-3 cr)

• No trunk line required

• Land for STP: ¼ acre

• Can be set up in Locality Parks: No LAQ

• Recycled water can be used locally-Horticulture, Construction, Industry

• Easy to set up/ Manage/ Supervise

• E.g.: Jaipur, Delhi (NBCC-New Moti Bagh)7

Sewage Recycle-Reuse is Viable: E.g. Tamil Nadu

• Sale of Recycled water for Construction, Horti &

Industry can give 100-120% of the O&M Costs

• Energy from Sludge can meet up to 80% of Plant’s

Energy needs & 40% of O&M Costs

• Sewage Tax @ Rs. 100 to 300 for Domestic & more for

Commercial, can pay up to 60% of O&M cost

• Use of Recycled water for Horticulture can reduce

fertiliser application by up to 40%

• FIRR can go up to 12% => Suited for PPP8

NMB Waste Water Treatment Plant 0.7

mld

Bio- Digester Sewage Treatment: DRDO Technology

• No sewer lines required

• No Mechanical/ Manual cleaning of septic tank

• Practically, Maintenance free & Odourless

• Excellent for crowded/ isolated habitats/ Slums

• Effluent fit for discharge into Water Bodies

• Cost & Land: << Conventional STPs

• E.g.: DRDO Coly Timarpur (Delhi), A&N, Ind. Rlys

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Bio-Digester Toilets in Indian Railways

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Solid Waste ManagementTarget: 100% Recycle & Reuse; Zero Land-fill

Current Status

• Waste generated per day: 500 gm per head

• Current processing: Nil to 50% in most cities

• Dhalao Management: A challenge

• Transportation thru the city, getting farther

• Land for processing & Land-fill: Difficult

• Leachate: Contaminate Soils & Water

• Attracts birds & dogs:=> transmit disease

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Smart Solid Waste Management: Decentralised Units

• Cost for 2 Tonne Unit: Rs. 50 lakh

• Set up in 3 months

• No Dhalao=> No stray dogs/ cattle/ Monkey / Vultures

• Easy Segregation, Daily recycling=>No foul smell

• No Transportation thru the City

• No Land-fill

• For processing: ¼ Acre

• Every Locality can have it: In Park

• No Leachate => No contamination of Aquifer/ Lakes

• Easily usable Recycled materials: Manure, RDF

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SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT PLANT(New Moti Bagh, Delhi)

SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT PLANT( COMPOST MACHINE FOR HOUSEHOLD WASTE)

SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT PLANT(FOR HORTICULTURAL WASTE)

SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT PLANT(STORAGE RACK FOR PALLETS & COMPOST)

Smart C&D Waste ManagementTarget: Zero Transportation; Zero Land-fill

Kidwai Nagar Redevelopment Project, Delhi (NBCC)

• 150 TPD Modular Plant: 30,000 Bricks per day

• Land requirement: 1 acre

• 100% Recycling & Reuse; Zero Land-fill

• Buy Back Bricks @ Rs. 5 in PPP Mode

• Add units when required

• Relocate the plant when project is over

• No transportation of waste/Produce thru city18

* Project wd generate 75000 ton C&D waste

* Recycling plant will produce 150 lakh Bricks

* Zero waste: No land-fill

C&D Recycled Brick Making Machine: EKN

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Smart City Transport SystemTarget: Walk to Work- Safely & Quickly

• Lanes for Walking & Cycling=>Rahagiri,

• BRTS, Tramways, Metro Rail, Public Bicycles etc.

• Multi-storey Vehicle Parking=>

In Markets & Residential zones

• Service Ducts

• Unified Fare Tickets

• Safe road crossings: Vibrant subways

• Intelligent Tpt Mgmt: For crime, disaster etc. too

• Integrated Trpt Hubs: Multimodal, Multipurpose

• Regional Transport Network

• Transit Oriented Development20

MoUD

Corridor along River to be best used as

- Exclusively BRT Corridor due to Space Constraints and Provision of Green Buffer

Single Bus Lane along the either side of river

- will carry almost 25000-30000 Passengers Per Hour Per Direction (PHPD)

- While the same space if used as Motorized Vehicle Lane, it might not carry more than 3000 PHPD

The Proposed BRT and NMV Corridor- Indore

25/08/14

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Urbanisation & Poverty

• Cities provide people, including the poor, far more choices and opportunities, for everything- jobs, abode, healthcare, education, recreation.

• “Cities do not make people poor, they attract people who are poor.” - Edward Glaeser, author of the bestselling book Triumph of the City.

• Such migrants support the city with their labour and sustain the city.

• But, uncared, they tend to spoil the city by way of slums and crime.

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Smart WATSAN Makes Smart Cities:Some Examples

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Existing Recreational facilities around Hussain Sagar, Hyderabad: Laserium at Lumbini Park

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Transformations of Ghats: Kankaria Lake, Ahmadabad

After

After

Before

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Kankaria Lake Redevelopment (Ah’bad)- Mini Trains

Atal Express Train

Swarnim Jayanti Express Train5429

PIPLIYAPALA LAKE, INDORE (M.P.): BEFORE AND AFTER

TRANSFORMATION

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Micro processor based.

Sustainable irrigation system for soft

area to ensure adequate and required

water for horticulture works.

Temperature control is also ensured

with intelligently spaced misters &

foggers.

KEY PLAN

D

MUSICAL FOUNTAIN

IRRIGATION SYSTEM

PIPLYAPALA LAKE INDORE- REDEVELOPMENT

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Sabarmati River before the Project

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Sabarmati River Front- After the Project

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Promenade- Kochi (2014)

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• Boston Flow

Tests of Smartness

• Available to all, 24x7

• Rational Tariff

• Acceptable Quality

• Zero Landfill for all types of Waste

• ICT/IOT

• Responsive Governance

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Smartness on the Edge

• Too much sanitised: Restrictive

• No personal transport: Loss of Zing

• Too much Police: Nuisance

• Defined Skyline: Poor may suffer

• Zero Landfill: 24x7 Efforts

• Too much ICT/IOT: Failsafe?

• Too much Responsive Govt: Too soft

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Old Cities, New Cities, Villages

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1. Make existing Cities smart:

Same paradigm as for the new cities.

2. Apply to the Villages too.

3. Integrate new town with the old one:

The Growth Story of India shall be

written on the Canvass of Planned

Urbanisation

&

The Visionary Planners & Capable

Managers shall be the Script

Writers of that Story

39

Include these aspects in the

DPRs.

Thank [email protected]

Tweet: @sudhir_krishna

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