The Road to War 1931-1941

PowerPoint Presentation

The Road to War1931-19412/28/201312/27 Bell ringer

Conclusion sentences. 2/27 Bell ringerWhat observations can you make about this illustration?What inferences can you make about this illustration?Predict what you think were talking about today.

Objective: Students will be able to identify the causes of the rise of fascism and totalitarian governments and its impact by completing a graphic organizer.Bitter Peace Bitter feelings over Treaty of Versailles

Worldwide Depression

Totalitarianism Dictatorship

Complete Control

Terror

Propaganda

FascismTotalitarian State

Extreme forms of Nationalism

Prejudice

Josef Stalinwas the ruthless fascist leader of the USSR.

He wanted Russia to industrialize to defend & expand her influence in the world.

Had his enemies killed or exiled

2/28/20137Reign of TerrorPurgesProcess of removing enemies and undesirable individuals from powerGreat Purge1934 show trials guilty was the only verdictParanoiaMillions killed or sent to labor camps

8Cult of PersonalityNamesBrilliant Genius of HumanityFather of NationsSon YakovSuicide AttemptRed Army Service

Benito Mussoliniwas a fascist who used violence to rise to power in Italy.

His Black Shirts invaded North Africa, Somalia & Ethiopia.

2/28/201310Il DuceBlackshirts

Threat on Rome

Invaded and took Ethiopia

Economic Improvement

Francisco Francowas the Fascist General of Spain.

In the Spanish civil war, he fought against the republican government aided by Communist Russia!

2/28/201312 Adolf HitlerFascist dictator of Germany.

2/28/201313Adolf Hitler wasborn in Austria

high school drop-out

struggling artist

as a corporal in WWI, he was gassed & wounded.

2/28/201314 Anti-SemitismHitler had a hatred of Jews.

Scapegoat: a person/group who is falsely assigned blame

He was determined to exterminate the Jews who he blamed for Germanys defeat in WWI.

2/28/201315NAZISNational Socialist German Workers

The party had 55,000 members in 1923!

2/28/201316SwastikaBecame the symbol of the Nazi Party.

2/28/201317 Beer Hall PutschNazis failed in 1923 to take over Bavaria.

They surrounded leading officials in a beer hall but were unsuccessful in the end.

2/28/201318Hitler went to.Landsberg Prison in 1924

Was imprisoned for a year after the failure of the Beer Hall Putsch.

2/28/201319 Mein Kampf Hitler wrote the guidebook of the Nazi party while in prison.

2/28/201320Hitler wrote..democracy is a fraud & the only good government is a dictatorship.

He predicted his Third Reich would last a thousand years!

2/28/201321Exit TicketCreate and complete the following chart on your own paper:ItalyJapanCountryHitlerLeaderFascist CountriesPrediction: How does the rise of Fascism lead to World War II? Inflation!Due to reparation payments, the economy fell apart.

Inflation ran wild is an understatement. A loaf of bread went from 10, to 1000, to 1 billion marks.

Heil Hitler!Depression left Germans leaderless, hungry & helpless.2/28/201323 Pep Rally!Hitler held mass rallies to excite Germans & make them proud!

Swastika banners & flags were everywhere with hour long orations of hate & glory.

2/28/201324Der Fuhrer1932 Nazis Largest party in Reichstag1933 Hitler appointed Chancellor by the PresidentBrownshirts intimidateMarch 1933 Reichstag Burned DownNazis blame CommunistsAugust 1934 President dies and Hitler declares himself Der Fuhrer

Rhineland In 1936, Germany moved its enormous new army into this demilitarized area.

Hitler & Mussolini slipped arms & men into Spain to support Fascist General Franco.

2/28/201326UnifyHitler wanted to annex all the Germans of Austria, Czechoslovakia & Poland!

Some German professors supported him, & millions of Germans went along.

2/28/201327 HomecomingAustria was invaded & annexed by Germany in March 1938.

2/28/201328SUDETENLANDHitler then demanded a section of Czechoslovakia inhabited by 3 million people of German ancestry.

2/28/201329 AppeasementGranting concessions to an enemy in an attempt to maintain peace.

Munich Pact Leaders of Britain & France met with Hitler on September 28, 1938.

Chamberlain did not want to risk war to save the Czech republic.

2/28/201331Ill take it!Czechoslovakia was dismembered & part given to Germany!

Hitler takes a tour of a Czech city after he took over the country.

2/28/201332 I hold in my hand the paper..Chamberlain said he had achieved peace in our time.

as Hitler occupied the Sudetenland.

2/28/201333Churchills Disapproval Munich proved appeasement is a dangerous policy.

Britain and France had to choose between war and dishonor. They chose dishonor. They will have war.

2/28/201334SEIZURE! On March 15, 1939, Hitler seized the rest of the country!

The policy of appeasement was exposed as a failure.

After the seizure of Czechoslovakia, Britain pledged aid to Poland in case of a threat. Britain made similar pledges to Greece & Romania!2/28/201335Non-Aggression Germany got W. Poland & the USSR was free to take Finland, Estonia, Lativia & E. Poland.

Germany & Russia pledged not to attack each other for a period of 10 years.

2/28/201336Causes of WWIITreaty of Versailles

The rise of fascism in Europe

Japanese imperialism.

2/28/201337 SEPT 1, 1939 The event that started WWII in Europe was Germanys invasion of Poland.

2/28/201338September 3, 1939 Britain & France declared war on Germany

Russia marched into Poland from the east 2 weeks later!

2/28/201339 Axis Powers!Germany, Italy, & Japan.

You must be able to locate them on a map of Europe.

2/28/201340 Allied PowersFrance, England, Russia & US

You must be able to locate them on a map of Europe.

2/28/201341Mini-quizOn what date did WWII start?Name the two fascist dictators?What country was in the middle of a civil war?Who was the ruthless leader of Russia?What country was invaded prompting the beginning of the war?Text Notes The real fighting didnt start until a year after Britain and France declared war on Germany.

It was called a phony war, but in April 1940 Hitler launched a new kind of war!2/28/201343 Maginot Line tunnels, forts & antitank fields that ran along the border between France and Germany.The line ran 350 miles & the forts, like this one, were made of concrete.

2/28/201344 PHONY WARAs Hitler was moving his troops back from Poland, there was no fighting along the French border.

2/28/201345 Blitzkrieg! Lightning War was Hitlers surprising strategy.

It depended upon airpower & used the fastest new vehicles to overwhelm the enemy!

2/28/201346Spring 1940Germany invaded Denmark & Norway!

The Phony War ended & the world was shocked that the Nazis had pulled this off using bicycles.

Hitler attacked the Netherlands, Belgium & Luxembourg.

From there, he bypassed the Maginot line & lunged deep into France.2/28/201347June 14, 1940French resistance collapsed & Paris fell.

Thousands of weeping men & women lined the streets helpless.

2/28/201348 New PMThe pugnacious Winston Churchill replaced Chamberlain as Prime Minister.

2/28/201349One is the loneliest number..Britain stood alone protected only by her navy & R.A.F.

2/28/201350 BATTLE OF BRITAINHitler attacked Britain by air in the summer of 1940.

How important was the Battle of Britain? Why?

2/28/201351 Air Raid!Hitler sent hundreds of bombers to rain devastation & death on London.

But the RAF drove the Luftwaffe away.

2/28/201352 ULTRAA key factor in the British victory was the decoding of secret messages because they knew when the Germans were coming & where they were headed!

Code name for Hitlers plan to invade England.

Despite the success of Ultra, many German bombers got through & killed hundreds of people in Coventry.

2/28/201353Neutrality Act 1939repeal of the embargo on shipping arms to the belligerents.

It helped the forces of democracy by allowing the US to help the Allies.

2/28/201354PromisesPromisesFDR said in the campaign:

Your boys are not going to be sent into any foreign wars!

2/28/201355DraftRegistration of men, age 21 to 35, for military service!

2/28/201356 FDR planned to.turn out 50,000 planes in 1941 & every year until the Nazis were defeated!

and he asked for billions to create a two ocean navy.

2/28/201357Wanta trade?FDR transferred 50 old destroyers to Britain in 1940 in exchange for the use of 8 British Naval bases.

2/28/201358LEND LEASE US provided $50 billion in war supplies to Britain.

And to other countries vital to US defense!

2/28/201359US PositionThe US, although neutral, supplied the Allies with food and weapons!Atlantic Charter

2/28/201360 Four Freedoms1. SPEECH 2. RELIGION 3. FROM WANT4. FROM FEAR

In January 1941, FDR proclaimed these essential human freedoms on which a world after the war would be founded.

2/28/201361Mini-QuizOn what date did WWII start?Name 2 Fascist leaders.Who was the ruthless leader of Russia?What country was invaded that prompted the beginning of the war?Germany and Italy made up the ________ Powers.What country did Germany conquer, leaving Britain to face them alone?T/F The United States stayed completely neutral.What was the name of the line of fighting between France and Germany?What was the British Air Force called?Name FDRs Four Freedoms.