The rise of military in japan (1930 1945

THE RISE OF MILITARY IN JAPAN

(1931-1945)

THE RISE OF MILITARY

Japanese Militarism

Period of militarism

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Involvement in Politics

1931-1945Considered as the peak period

The Factors:•Adopt modernization •Become stronger

Military reform

•Lack of resources in Japan•iron, oil, and coal

Economic Factors

•Freedom from civilian control enjoyed by the Japanese armed forces.•Had decisive say in formation or survival of the civilian government

Independence of the military

Cont.

•Politicians were corrupted•Unable to solve Japan’s economic difficulties in 1920s

Dissatisfaction with the government

•Encourages of Japanese racial superiority•Encourages overseas aggression•Black Dragon society, League of Blood, Sakurakai (Cherry society)

Existence of Ultra-

nationalist secret

societies

The Conflicts:

The Factions

The control faction

(Tosei-ha)

The Imperial Way faction(Kodo-ha)

Cont.

Manchuria Incident

•Kwantung Army under leadership of Ishiwara Kanji•Blew up the railroad in Mukden (1931) and blamed it on Chinese troops•This action without government authorization

Plot of successio

n

•In March 1931 by the control faction•Planned political assassination but abandoned it

Cont.

Inoue Nissho’s blood

brootherhood

•1932•Civilian extremist•Attack those whom they blamed for agrarian distress•Together with young naval, a few army cadets-extensive attacks on minister and public offices

Faction versus faction

•In beginning Imperial Way faction was in a strong position within the army•Some series of killing happened•Later took over by the Control faction

The Consequences

Creation of Manchu-kuo

•Created by the Japanese under Pu yi –the last of Manchu’s emperor•Japan created its own administration and assumed the rights of extra-territoriality

Military government •Under general Tojo Hideki•Ended the Japanese civilian control

Cont.

Japanese Imperialism

•Japanese expansion to China, Indo- china and South East Asia.

Involvement in Pacific war

•Started with the attack of Pearl Harbor in 1941

The collapse of militarism

Attack on Pearl Harbor – prompting the United States to declare war

with Japan

1942- Japan defeated in

battle of Midway

1943- again lost in the battle

of Tarawa

1945- US drops Atomic bombs in Hiroshima and

Nagasaki

Ended the military power

Hiroshima after the bombing

Mushroom cloud from the atomic explosion over Nagasaki

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