The Revolutionary Period VUS.4. VUS.4 The student will demonstrate knowledge of events and issues of the Revolutionary Period by The student will demonstrate.

The Revolutionary The Revolutionary PeriodPeriod

VUS.4 VUS.4

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The student will demonstrate The student will demonstrate knowledge of events and issues of the knowledge of events and issues of the Revolutionary Period byRevolutionary Period by– Analyzing John Locke and Thomas Payne’s Analyzing John Locke and Thomas Payne’s

ideas, and writings and how they shaped ideas, and writings and how they shaped the Declaration of Independence.the Declaration of Independence.

– Describing the political differences among Describing the political differences among the colonists concerning separation from the colonists concerning separation from BritainBritain

– Analyzing reasons for Colonial victory in Analyzing reasons for Colonial victory in the Revolutionary Warthe Revolutionary War

Background InformationBackground Information

In the 18In the 18thth century, Europeans were century, Europeans were involved in a series of large scale involved in a series of large scale wars, in which Britain’s power was wars, in which Britain’s power was steadily growing.steadily growing.

The Seven years war, which started The Seven years war, which started in North America and spread around in North America and spread around the world, was called the French and the world, was called the French and Indian war (French & Indians on one Indian war (French & Indians on one side and British and the Colonists on side and British and the Colonists on the other)the other)

By 1763 the British had Defeated the By 1763 the British had Defeated the French decisively. The French lost French decisively. The French lost their holdings in North America.their holdings in North America.

The war was expensive and Britain The war was expensive and Britain was nearly bankrupt and still had was nearly bankrupt and still had many obligations to meet.many obligations to meet.

The colonists were prospering, some The colonists were prospering, some said that they had the highest per said that they had the highest per capita income.capita income.

Key Questions?Key Questions?

What events and ideas led to the What events and ideas led to the American Declaration of American Declaration of Independence?Independence?

How did attitudes toward How did attitudes toward independence divide the colonists?independence divide the colonists?

How did Americans win their How did Americans win their independence? independence?

British vs Colonial InterestsBritish vs Colonial Interests Britain used a trading system Britain used a trading system

called Mercantilism to try and help called Mercantilism to try and help boost their treasury, this meant boost their treasury, this meant restrictions on trade with other restrictions on trade with other European nations for the Colonists.European nations for the Colonists.

Britain tried to avoid expensive Britain tried to avoid expensive conflict with the Indians by making conflict with the Indians by making the Proclamation of 1763 barring the Proclamation of 1763 barring the colonists from moving west of the colonists from moving west of the Appalachians, the colonists the Appalachians, the colonists George Washington included had George Washington included had been busy acquiring western lands.been busy acquiring western lands.

The third conflict came from the British attempt The third conflict came from the British attempt to tax the colonists to pay expenses related to to tax the colonists to pay expenses related to paying for the French and Indian War. While paying for the French and Indian War. While these taxes only put a minor dent in the these taxes only put a minor dent in the colonists actual prosperity and freedom, the colonists actual prosperity and freedom, the colonists sense of justice and fairness was colonists sense of justice and fairness was deeply offended.deeply offended.

John LockeJohn Locke

Advocated a new relationship of people to Advocated a new relationship of people to their rulerstheir rulers

In his second treatise of government he In his second treatise of government he wrote all people are free and equal and wrote all people are free and equal and have natural rights of life liberty and have natural rights of life liberty and property that rulers can not take away.property that rulers can not take away.

Government was a “Social contract” Government was a “Social contract” among people to protect these rights. among people to protect these rights.

Thomas PaineThomas Paine

Wrote Common SenseWrote Common Sense Listed reasons why colonists should Listed reasons why colonists should

be freebe free– ““a government of our own is our natural a government of our own is our natural

right.”right.”– ““the period of debate is closed. Arms as the period of debate is closed. Arms as

a last resource decide the contest.”a last resource decide the contest.”

PATRIOTS-THESE WERE THE COLONISTS PATRIOTS-THESE WERE THE COLONISTS WHO SUPPORTED THE MOVEMENT FOR WHO SUPPORTED THE MOVEMENT FOR INDEPENDENCE.INDEPENDENCE.

LOYALISTS- THESE WERE COLONISTS LOYALISTS- THESE WERE COLONISTS WHO WERE DISAGREED WITH THE WHO WERE DISAGREED WITH THE DECLARATION AND WERE STILL LOYAL DECLARATION AND WERE STILL LOYAL TO THE KING. TO THE KING.

NEUTRALS- THESE WERE COLONISTS NEUTRALS- THESE WERE COLONISTS WHO REMAINED NEUTRAL AND WHO REMAINED NEUTRAL AND FAVORED NEITHER SIDEFAVORED NEITHER SIDE

Why did Americans win the Why did Americans win the War!War! Colonies were 3,000 ocean miles from Colonies were 3,000 ocean miles from

England England 13 colonies had 1,000 miles of coastline13 colonies had 1,000 miles of coastline Washington used a strategy of attrition Washington used a strategy of attrition

rather than beating the British in a direct rather than beating the British in a direct military confrontation.military confrontation.

The French supplied $$, Troops, a Navy, & The French supplied $$, Troops, a Navy, & other war material.other war material.

Colonists were fighting for their own homes Colonists were fighting for their own homes and freedom rather than for the Kingand freedom rather than for the King

What makes American What makes American Revolution different from all Revolution different from all

the rest?the rest? It succeeded where all others have It succeeded where all others have

failed.failed.– French Revolution had failed French Revolution had failed – Russian Revolution had failedRussian Revolution had failed

American Revolution had gone American Revolution had gone through 2 phases:through 2 phases:– Tearing down the oldTearing down the old– Putting up the newPutting up the new

Washington’s GeniusWashington’s Genius Washington realized Washington realized

it wasn’t important it wasn’t important to win all the battles to win all the battles in the Revolution. It in the Revolution. It was more important was more important to hold his forces to hold his forces together long together long enough to wear out enough to wear out the British will to the British will to continue fighting. continue fighting.

ConclusionConclusion

Combined with Washington’s genius Combined with Washington’s genius it was important that Benjamin it was important that Benjamin Franklin had negotiated the treaty of Franklin had negotiated the treaty of alliance with the French. alliance with the French.

Enlightened thinkers such as Locke Enlightened thinkers such as Locke and Thomas Paine had helped the and Thomas Paine had helped the colonists see themselves in a new colonists see themselves in a new and different light with the people in and different light with the people in a contract with the government over a contract with the government over there natural rights. there natural rights.

Why did the colonies rebel against Why did the colonies rebel against England?England?

Proclamation of 1763Proclamation of 1763 How did the Revolutionary War End?How did the Revolutionary War End? Stamp Act, Sugar Act, etc. When they Stamp Act, Sugar Act, etc. When they

occurred and what they did.occurred and what they did. Timeline of events during the warTimeline of events during the war Results of the Revolutionary WarResults of the Revolutionary War John Locke's writingsJohn Locke's writings Thomas Paine's writings Thomas Paine's writings How did America get the French onboard How did America get the French onboard Compare the Resources America and Compare the Resources America and

England hadEngland had

Be sure to Study!!!! The following