The Respiratory System

The Respiratory system:The Respiratory system:Breathing and,Breathing and, Gas exchange Gas exchange

By. Ga Eul Jung

INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTION • Definition •The role of system • The anatomy of system.-The conductive zone and the respiratory zone. -Gas Exchange (Transport) External, internal, cellular respirations.•Diaphragm•Injury • Diseases • Help to System • Weaken to System

Definition: Definition: It helps you breath in and out, so It helps you breath in and out, so oxygen can be pumped through your oxygen can be pumped through your body and carbon dioxide can be body and carbon dioxide can be moved from the blood stream. moved from the blood stream.

The Conductive Zone

Includes : Mouth, Nose, Pharynx, Trachea, bronchi

and bronchioles.

Role:Keep our body temperature

The transport of air to the lungs.

The nose or nasal cavity The nose or nasal cavity - - Filters the air by the hairs and mucous in the Filters the air by the hairs and mucous in the nosenose- Moistens the air- Moistens the air- Warms the air- Warms the air

Mouth & Mouth & Oral Cavity Oral Cavity

Air can also get into your body through yourmouth/oral

cavity but air is not filtered asmuch when it

enters in through your mouth

The The Pharynx Pharynx and and Treachea Treachea

• Pharynx (throat) gathers air after it passes through nose and then the air is passed down to your trachea (windpipe).

• Trachea is held open by “incomplete rings of cartilage.” Without these rings your trachea might close off and air would not be able to get to and from your lungs.

The Bronchi Tubes and The Bronchi Tubes and Bronchiole.Bronchiole.Trachea divide into two bronchi tubes.(Branched into bronchi and then into smaller bronchioles)

Like tree branches and get smaller and smaller inside lungs.

The air flows past bronchi tubes and into bronchiole.

These tubes keep getting smaller and smaller until they finally end with small air sacs (called alveoli).

Respiratory Bronchiole

Alveolar Duct

Alveolar Sac

Capillaries

The respiratory zoneRole: The exchange of gases between

inspired air and the blood. (The diffusion of gas.)

The Alveoli and The Alveoli and Capillary NetworkCapillary Network Tiny air sacsthat fill up with air/oxygen when you breath in.

Surrounded by many tiny blood vessels calledCapillaries. (a network of delicate elastic fibres.)

The walls of alveoli and capillaries are thin that the oxygen or carbon dioxide can pass through them, traveling right into, or out of your blood stream.

Gas Exchange Gas Exchange External Respiration Occurs within the lung involving the exchange of Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide.

Internal RespirationThe exchange of gases at the tissue level, where Oxygen is delivered and Carbon Dioxide removed.

Cellular RespirationThe cells uses Oxygen to generated energy through the different metabolic pathways found in the mitochondria.

INJURY INJURY

Spinal Cord Injury

-Impair due to paralysis of the chest or diaphragm.

-Hard to breath ( The intracostal muscles, the diaphragm and abdominal muscles.)

-Hard to cough

Diseases It can harm and even destroy the respiratory system.

Asthma: causes coughing and makes it hard to breath.

Lung Cancer: causes smoking and drives to death.

Tuberculosisthe: caused by bacteria that can destroy lungs.

Things that can help respiratory system

Play baseball, or dance, or swim or just keep active.

(Make a lot of oxygen)

Do Aerobic exercise everyday (With your muscle using oxygen)

Things that can weaken respiratory system

Airline Pilots and flight attendants

Smokers

Air Pollution

Respiratory SystemThe group of organs in your body that are responsible for taking in Oxygen and breathing out the Carbon Dioxide which is the waste product of cellular respiration.

OxygenThe gas that your body needs to work and function.

Carbon DioxideThe waste product (gas) that is produced through respiration of people and animals.

Nose/Nasal CavityWhere Oxygen first enters your body. Tiny hairs help filter the air and air is moistened and heated by your nose. Your Nose leads into your Nasal Cavity.

Mouth/Oral CavityOxygen/air can also enter through your Mouth but it is not filtered. Your Mouth opens up into your Oral Cavity.

Pharynx/ThroatGathers air from your Nasal and Oral Cavities and passes it to your Trachea.

Trachea/WindpipeA tube like pathway that connects your throat to your Bronchi Tubes and lungs. Air passes through it when it travels from the Pharynx to the Bronchi Tubes.

Bronchi TubesEach tube (one per lung) splits up into many smaller tubes called Bronchiole, like branches on a tree.

BronchioleKeep splitting up until they reach your Alveoli.

Respiratory BronchioleThe air tubes that are actually connected to the Alveoli.

Alveolar DuctThe final tube, which is part of the Alveoli, that leads to the air-sacs.

Alveolar SacWhere the chemical change takes place and where blood cells pick up oxygen and drop off carbon dioxide.

AlveoliTiny air-sacs at the end of your Alveolar Duct. They fill up with Oxygen and are surrounded by Capillaries.

CapillariesTiny blood streams (around one cell wide) that surround your Alveoli. They take Oxygen out of our Lungs and replace it with Carbon Dioxide, which you later breath out.DiaphragmThe muscle membrane that helps you breath in and out by changing the pressure in your chest cavity.