The Republic of Texas Treaty of Velasco After San Jacinto, Santa Anna was forced to sign the Treaty of Velasco. This treaty ended the Texas Revolution.

The Republic of Texas

Treaty of Velasco

• After San Jacinto, Santa Anna was forced to sign the Treaty of Velasco. This treaty ended the Texas Revolution and gave Texas its independence.

• It had two parts, one public and one secret:

May 1836 – Treaties of Velasco

Public and Secret• The public part of the treaty made Santa Anna agree

to never fight against Texas again and to withdraw all troops out of Texas.

• The secret part of the treaty made Santa Anna promise to get Mexico to recognize Texas independence and set the southern border of Texas as the Rio Grande.

Republic of Texas

• Republic of Texas granted citizens liberties including freedom of religion

Results of the Election of 1836

Vice President: Congress:President:

Constitution: Annexation:

The Early Republic

Mirabeau B. Lamar elected senators and representatives

Sam Houston

approved the Texas Constitution of 1836

voted to seek U.S. annexation of Texas

In 1836, 5 months after the Revolution, Texans held an election

1836 – Sam Houston Elected President

1st Administration• Houston focused on:

– Forming a Gov’t– Focused primarily on: Debt– Other issues dealt with: army, American Indians &

Mexico– Moved capital to Houston

Problems in the new Republic1. Mexico wouldn’t acknowledge its independence &

disputed its territory2. Other nations wouldn’t recognize TX as independent3. Debt (lack of money) from Texas Revolution4. Conflicts with Texas Indians5. Military

Houston Solves Problems• Got U.S. to recognize the Republic of TX • Money: Economic Policies; added poll tax, printed more money• Military: sent entire army home, except 600 soldiers

– Texas Rangers: replace army with Rangers• Primary Purpose of TX Rangers – protect Texans from

American Indian Tribes • Indians: Called on the Texas Rangers; tried to make peace by

giving them title to their land, TX Senate refused to accept this• He believed the best thing for Texas would be annexation to

the U.S.

Chief Bowles

• Leader of the Cherokees• Signed treaty w/ Houston during the TX Revolution

Mexico not recognizing Texas as

independent DEBT Raids by Indians

Promissory notes

Cut SpendingTexas Rangers

Reduce military (ie: Felix Huston who

wanted to start war)

The Texas Question

• Most Texans wanted Texas to become part of the United States including Pres. Sam Houston.

• But Northerners in the U.S. did not want to see the expansion of Slavery into new U.S. territory.

The Missouri Compromise of 1820 had limited the amount of future Slaves states and Texas would disrupt the balance.

• The addition of Texas to the United States made sense to many.

• Texan Anson Jones went to the U.S. Congress and tried to get them to accept Texas into the Union.

• Texas would have been considered a slave state, and many members of the U.S. congress opposed slavery.

• This decision was delayed, and Houston ordered Jones to withdraw the request.– Houston didn’t want Texas to be embarrassed by having

its request delayed any longer.

The First Attempt to Annexation

1838 – Mirabeau Lamar elected President

Vice President – David G. BurnetHouston couldn’t run fro a second term as President

Second Administration

Mirabeau Lamar• “Father of Education”• Didn’t agree w/Houston’s policies• Focused on:

– Pushing American Indians farther west– Commitment to education– A new capital (Austin)

• More than doubled the debt by Indian Wars & increased inflation

• Was against Annexation

A New Capital

• Lamar did not like Houston being the capital of Texas.• Lamar wanted a morecentrally located capital.• He choose 100 miles north of San Antonio.• He named this site Austin, in honor of Stephen F.

Austin.

http://archives.cnn.com/2001/US/02/25/mardi.gras.melee/map.texas.austin.jpg

Lamar’s Problems• Biggest problem was money• Gov’t was spending more than it was making• TX gov’t was lots on military• TX dollar called “redbacks” was only work about 2

cents by 1841

Lamar’s Indian Policies• Lamar disliked Indians & wanted them removed from Texas• He ordered the Cherokees to leave Texas

• Chief Bowles – ordered to lead Cherokee out, refused

• Lamar sent soldier to force them out• Bowles was killed• Cherokees forced to present-day Oklahoma

Action

LAND POLICY

Result

ECONOMY TEXAS INDIANS

Action

Result

Action

Result

Lamar’s Presidency

issuedred backs

worthless within three years, in part because of

rising national debt

passedhomestead law

protected Texans’ homes and up to

50 acres from seizure for debts

declared war on American Indians

removed Cherokee from East Texas, pushed

Comanche north & west, increased debt

Third AdministrationSam Houston’s 2nd Term 1841• Worked to reduce debt created by Lamar’s policies• Worked to renew peace with Indians• Settled dispute over land titles • Pushed for annexation• Opposed building Navy – thought it would drain Texas’s

finances

FourthAdministration1844 - Anson Jones elected President

• Followed most of Houston’s policies• Maintained peace with Native Americans• Tried to limit spending• Pushed for Annexation

• 1845 – Texas is Annexed into the U.S.

Presidents of the Republic of TexasSam Houston (1836 - 1838)

• 1st President of the Republic of Texas

Mirabeau B Lamar (1838 - 1841)

• 2nd President of the Republic of Texas

• Known as the “Father of Education in Texas”

Sam Houston (1841 -1844)

• 3rd President of the Republic of Texas

Dr Anson Jones (1844 - 1846)

• 4th and final President of the Republic of Texas

• President when Texas became a state of the United States

• limited government spending• faced financial problems• promissory notes• was peaceful with Mexico and

the Indians• reduced the army• eliminated the navy• supported annexation• served as president of the

Republic of Texas• served 2 terms

• increased government spending

• faced financial problems

• “Redbacks” issued• encouraged war with

Mexico and Indians• supported military

expeditions• established public

education• wanted TX to be

independent• served as president of

the Republic of Texas• served 1 term

• announced the annexation of Texas

• supported annexation

• served as president of the Republic of Texas

• served 1 term