The Regional Classification & Its Challenges in the Chinese Regional Policy System Wang Qingyun Prof. PH.D ( The Academy of Macroeconomic Research, N DRC ) Oct.8 2007 Brussels
Mar 27, 2015
The Regional Classification & Its Challenges in the Chinese Regional Policy System
Wang Qingyun Prof. PH.D
( The Academy of Macroeconomic Research, NDRC ) Oct.8 2007 Brussels
Content China’s Major Geographic Features The scopes of Chinese Eastern, Central and W
estern Regions and their Evolution The Different Policies Treatment among Chin
ese Eastern, Central and Western Regions The Challenges Facing Classification of Chine
se Eastern, Central and Western Regions The prospect of Ratings of Chinese Provinces
Based on their economic situation
China’s Major Geographic Features
Position:West: Coastal AreasEast: Inland Altitude: West: High, Mountain, Plateau, East: Low, Plain, HillLarge Rivers go from west to east Climate:West: Drought, Grassland, Desert, IcelandEast: Rainy, Arable Land, Fishing Pool Generally: West: Disadvantageous East:
Advantageous
Map of China’ Topography
top>=30002000=<top<30001000=<top<2000500<top<1000top=<500
图例
1 400比例尺: : 万
The scopes of Chinese Eastern, Central and Western Regions and their Evolution
Chinese Seventh Five-year Plan: Eastern Region: ( 11 ): Beijing, Tianjin, Hebei,
Liaoning, Shanghai, Jiangshu, Zhejiang, Shandong, Guangdong(including Hainan), Guangxi.
Central Region: ( 9 ): Shanxi, Inner Mongolia, Jilin, Helongjiang, Anhui, Jiangxi, Henan, Hubei, Hunan.
Western Region: ( 9 ): Shichuan ( including Chongqing ) , Guizhou, Yunnan, Tibet, Shaanxi, Guansu, Qinghai, Ninxia,Xingjiang.
Note: Then totally 29 Provinces, Autonomous Regions and Municipalities in Chinese Mainland.
Classification of three Region
The scopes of Chinese Eastern, Central and Western Regions and their Evolution
Since the year 2000 Eastern Region: ( 11 ): Beijing, Tianjin, Hebei, Liaoni
ng, Shanghai, Jiangshu, Zhejiang, Shandong, Guangdong, Hainan,
Central Region: ( 8 ): Shanxi, Jilin, Helongjiang, Anhui, Jiangxi, Henan, Hubei, Hunan.
Western Region: ( 12 ): Shichuan, Chongqing, Guizhou, Yunnan, Tibet, Shaanxi, Guansu, Qinghai, Ninxia,Xingjiang.
Inner Mongolia, Guangxi.Note:(1) Totally 31 Provinces, Autonomous Regions and Municipalities i
n Chinese Mainland after Hainan separating from Guangdong in 1988 and Chongqing separating from Shichuan in 1997.
(2) Inner Monganil and Guangxi were incorperated into Western Region after the Western Development Program was launched in 2000
Classification of three Region
The Different Policies Treatment among Chinese Eastern, Central and Western Regions
In terms of obtaining investment subsidies from central government
For drinking water projects in rural areaWest: 63% (subsidy rate) Central: 45%East: 29%For water and soil conservation projects in
rural areaWest: 2/3 ( subsidy rate ) Central: 1/2East: 1/3
The Different Policies Treatment among Chinese Eastern, Central and Western Regions
In terms of obtaining fiscal transfer from central government
Taking salary increase for civilian servants as example
West: 80% (from central fiscal transfer ) Central: 60%East: 0%
The Different Policies Treatment among Chinese Eastern, Central and Western Regions
In terms of preferential treatment of corporate income tax
Since the year 2000West: 15% Central: 33%East: 33%
The Challenges Facing Classification of Chinese Eastern, Central and Western Regions
Challenge one : The Gap among provinces in Eastern Region more than that between regions
Taking per capita GDP in 2005 as exampleShanghai was 4.7 times of HainanWhile Eastern Region was 2 times of Centra
l Region, 2.5 times of Western RegionTherefore it is unfair to some provinces lik
e Hainan in Eastern Region
The Challenges Facing Classification of Chinese Eastern, Central and Western Regions
Challenge two : Some provinces in Western Region are more developed economically than that in Central Region
Also taking per capita GDP in 2005 as examplePer capita GDP of Chongqing was 109824.7, m
ore than Anhui, Jiangxi and Henan in Central Region
Therefore it is unfair to some provinces like Anhui in Central Region
The prospect of Ratings of Chinese Provinces Based on their economic situation
Area unit: Province (Autonomous Region, Municipality )
Major Criteria: Per capita GDP and taking the factors of ethnic and size of
area Number of Rating: Five See the result from the following table
Group Criteria Province Number
High Income
Higher than 250 % of National Average
Shanghai, Beijing, Tianjin 3
Middle High Income
Between 120 and 250 % of National Average
Zhejiang, Jiangshu, Guangdong, Shandong, Liaoning, Fujian
6
Middle Income
Between 119 and 75% of National Average
Hebei, Heilongjiang, Jilin, Shanxi, Hubei, Chongqing,Hainan
7
Middle Low Income
Between 74 and 65% of National Average
Hunan, Shaanxi, Jiangxi, Henan, Shichuan
5
Low Income
Lower than 65 % of National Average
Inner Mongolia, Xinjiang, ningxia, Qinghai, Tibet, Guangxi, Anhui, Yunnan, Guansu, Guizhou
10
Another Classification of Area in China
Poverty-Stricken Area or Underdeveloped Area
Old Industrialized Area or Old Industrial Base Economic Expansion Area
Thank You