The Psychology of Goals.ppt

7/30/2019 The Psychology of Goals.ppt

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The Psychology of

Goals


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We cannot think, feel, will, or act withoutthe perception of some goal. . . . All activitywould persist in the stage of uncontrolled

groupings; the economy visible in ourpsychic life unattained.

Alfred Adler


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Goals are the guides that direct all non-reflexive and non-accidental humanresponding.


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Human response

reflexive responses

accidental responses

maintain a desired statewillpower


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4 Themes in the Study of Goals

Goals Connect the Person to the Situation Goals, as mental representations that are linked to cues in the

environment, connect the person to the situation throughspecifying desirability (affect and value) and feasibility (efficacy andopportunity).

Goals Provide Meaning Goals provide the person with meaning and a sense of having

control over his/her environment.

Goals Provide a Basis for Instrumental Activity Goals connect the wants of the person to instrumental activity

(cognitive and behavioral activity), directing his/her commerce withthe world.

Goals and Consciousness Goals have consequences that do not require consciousness of

either the goal or the consequencesone need not experience asense of being willful.


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WHAT ARE GOALS ?

What Is So Special (and Non-special) aboutGoals?: A View from the Cognitive Perspective

Goals in the Context of the Hierarchical Model of

ApproachAvoidance MotivationGoal Content Theories: Why Differences in What

We Are Striving for Matter

The Neuroscience of Goal Pursuit: Bridging Gapsbetween Theory and Data

The Selfish Goal


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HOW ARE GOALS SELECTED?

Fantasies and Motivationally Intelligent GoalSetting

How Does Our Unconscious Know What We

Want?: The Role of Affect in GoalRepresentations

Goal Priming

Moments of Motivation: Margins ofOpportunity in Managing the Efficacy, Need,and Transitions of Striving


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HOW ARE GOALS PURSUED?

Five Markers of Motivated Behavior

Normal and Pathological Consequences of EncounteringDifficulties in Monitoring Progress toward Goals

The Compensatory Nature of Goal Pursuit: From Explicit

Action to Implicit Cognition When Persistence Is Futile: A Functional Analysis of Action

Orientation and Goal Disengagement

Goal Implementation: The Benefits and Costs of IfThen

Planning Regulatory Focus: Classic Findings and New Directions


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CONSEQUENCES OF GOALPURSUIT

Self-Regulatory Resource Depletion: AModel for Understanding the Limited Natureof Goal Pursuit

Goals and (Implicit) Attitudes: A Social-Cognitive Perspective

Mystery Moods: Their Origins andConsequences

Regulatory Fit in the Goal-Pursuit Process


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The Psychology of Goals.ppt

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