The Province of British Columbia’s Approach to CONTINUOUS WATER-QUALITY SAMPLING PROGRAMS Part 1 – Field and Lab Methods George Butcher M.Sc. Water Stewardship Division Ministry of Environment Linda Gregory PhD Consultant Mill Bay, BC
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The Province of British Columbia’s Approach to CONTINUOUS WATER-QUALITY SAMPLING PROGRAMS
Part 1 – Field and Lab Methods
George Butcher M.Sc.Water Stewardship DivisionMinistry of Environment
Linda Gregory PhDConsultantMill Bay, BC
Ideal Program
• Coordinated / Centralized • Integrated• Consistent• Quality data• Web-based, real-time
BC Situation
• Forest Renewal BC / FIA (Forest Investment Account)
– Community Watersheds– “Results Based” / Professional Reliance
• Past Practise
“the water quality probes and data loggers used in these studies failed to generate usable data due to vandalism, as well as lack of maintenance, lack of calibration and general trouble shooting by field staff.
There is no evidence that the equipment installed was not capable of performing as anticipated”
Present sitesPurpose / Applications• Monitor logging impacts• Develop Water Quality Objectives• Aid in development of watershed plan• Trend monitoring and climate change• Monitor Mountain Pine Beetle impacts• Taste & Odour precursor study• Post wildfire study
Station Design
Validation
Data Management
Field and LaboratoryProcedures
BC Protocol
Station Design
Typical Sensor Lifespans
Temperature 5+ yearsConductivity 5+ yearspH / ORP 1-3 yearsDissolved Oxygen 3-5 yearsTurbidity/ Chlorophyll 5+ yearsISE’s months -1yr
Station Design
Validation
Data Management
Field and LaboratoryProcedures
“3 judgements or premises”
Field and LaboratoryProcedures
Priority #1: Ensure that the sensors are properly serviced
Field Visit
Field and LaboratoryProcedures
Inspect
Clean
Calibrate
Only One Sonde per site
BC Field Conditions - Need for Stable Environment
BC Field Conditions - Need for Stable Environment
STABLE ENVIRONMENT
• Stable temperature• Bench or table• Storage facility for calibration standards and water• Access to water and cleaning facilities• Good lighting
Stable Environment
Recommended Protocol in BC - 1
Clean sensors
Inspect & re-calibrate
sensors
Deployed sonde
(pre-cleaning)
Deployed sonde
(re-deployment)
Deployed Sonde
(post-cleaning)
Move to a stable
environment
Move back to the
field site
Field site
Stable environment
Field site
a fresh sample of stream water is collected
Sonde is transported separately
Stream water used for both measurements
Recommended Protocol in BC - 2
Field site
Stable environment
Field site
Clean sensors
Inspect & calibrate
sensors
Deployed sonde
(pre-cleaning)
Deployed sonde
(re-deployment)
Deployed Sonde
(post-cleaning)
Move to a stable
environment
Move back to the
field site
Fouling + Change in stream water
Recommended Protocol in BC - 3
Field site
Stable environment
Field site
Clean sensors
Inspect & calibrate
sensors
Deployed sonde
(pre-cleaning)
Deployed sonde
(re-deployment)
Deployed Sonde
(post-cleaning)
Move to a stable
environment
Move back to the
field site
Portable sonde Portable sonde
& &Fouling + change in stream water
Change in stream water
Fouling
&
Minimal disturbance of the deployed sonde before cleaning
Deployed sonde
Portable sonde – in 2nd tube
Recommended Protocol in BC – 4 Fouling Calculations
Field site
Stable environment
Field site
Clean sensors
Inspect & calibrate
sensors
Deployed sonde
(pre-cleaning)
Deployed sonde
(re-deployment)
Deployed Sonde
(post-cleaning)
Move to a stable
environment
Move back to the
field site
Portable sonde Portable sonde
D1 D2D1 – D2 = Fouling + Change in Water
P1 – P2 = Change in stream water
Fouling = (D1-D2) - (P1-P2)
&P1 P2
Recommended Protocol in BC - 5
Field site
Stable environment
Field site
Clean sensors
Inspect & calibrate
sensors
Deployed sonde
(pre-cleaning)
Deployed sonde
(re-deployment)
Deployed Sonde
(post-cleaning)
Move to a stable
environment
Move back to the
field site
Portable sonde Portable sondePortable sonde
&
Calibration drift Final check
Potential Limitations
• One Sonde; No replicates
• Data Gaps - Moving to stable environment
Station Design
Validation
Data Management
Field and LaboratoryProcedures
BC Protocol
http://ilmbwww.gov.bc.ca/risc/pubs/aquatic/index.htm
BC Protocol Website:
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