The Prosperous Distance Education in China In distance education university functions as resource center and promotion platform Southwest science and technology.

The Prosperous Distance The Prosperous Distance Education in China Education in China

In distance education university functions as In distance education university functions as resource center and promotion platform resource center and promotion platform

Southwest science and technology university

Southwest University Science and Technology

Prof. Dong FaqinProf. Dong Faqin2012/112012/11

Main contents

• A Brief History of DistanceA Brief History of Distance Education (D.E.) in China Education (D.E.) in China

• Status and situation of DE in Status and situation of DE in ChinaChina

• A successful case for DE of CN: a A successful case for DE of CN: a model of model of Southwest Science and Southwest Science and Technology University Technology University

• Trends of D.E. in China Trends of D.E. in China

Southwest science and technology university A Brief History of A Brief History of DistanceDistance

Education (D.E.) in Education (D.E.) in ChinaChina

201 201 B.C.B.C.

Taixue inTaixue in Han Han

dynasty dynasty

CorrespondenceCorrespondenceCourse Course

1914 D.C.1914 D.C. 1979 D.C.1979 D.C.

Radio and TVRadio and TVuniversityuniversity

1998 D.C.1998 D.C.

Current pilot distanceCurrent pilot distance educationeducation

AncienAncientt

D.E .D.E .

Near Near modern modern

E.D. E.D.

ModernModernD.E. D.E.

CurrentCurrentD.E. D.E.

Nonresident studentNonresident studentFace-to –face Face-to –face

educationeducationPlacement test Placement test

Self-learningSelf-learning Mail materials Mail materials

Face-to-face educationFace-to-face educationUnified education Unified education

TV educationTV educationSelf-learningSelf-learning

Face-to face educationFace-to face educationUnified educationUnified education

Internet educationInternet educationPractical educationPractical education

Self-learningSelf-learning Face-to-face educationFace-to-face education

Unified educationUnified educationVarious other education meansVarious other education means

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The Education Scale Of All Stage The Education Scale Of All Stage In CNIn CN

Data Sources: The Ministry Of Education People's Republic Of China website statistics

Statistical Chart Of Total Enrolment of All Education Stage in China (2010)

Total Enrolment/ Million

Chinese Distance Education Chinese Distance Education MarketMarket

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• The Size of Distance Education Market in 2008: RMB 35.2 billion The Size of Distance Education Market in 2008: RMB 35.2 billion • Average Year-on-year growth: 23.9%Average Year-on-year growth: 23.9%• The Size of Distance Education Market in2012 :RMB 72.3 billionThe Size of Distance Education Market in2012 :RMB 72.3 billion

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The Scale of Distance Education The Scale of Distance Education (D.E.) in China(D.E.) in China

Registered studentsRegistered students 9.89189.8918 millionmillion

Newly-recruited studentsNewly-recruited students 3.7479million3.7479million

Graduated studentsGraduated students 3.07843.0784 millionmillion

Enrolled studentsEnrolled students56.248156.2481 millionmillion

Graduated students Graduated students 66.9893 million66.9893 million

20112011

20112011

Proportion of students who receive degree from distance education Proportion of students who receive degree from distance education

Proportion of students who don’t require degree from distance education Proportion of students who don’t require degree from distance education

Currently, D.E. in China has not only covered school Currently, D.E. in China has not only covered school and post-school education, but also emerged into a special and post-school education, but also emerged into a special education system mainly features distance education .education system mainly features distance education .

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The enrollment area distribution The enrollment area distribution of Distance Education (D.E.) in of Distance Education (D.E.) in

ChinaChina

As of 2012, the school (DE)

distributing area throughout

the country 31 provinces,

autonomous regions and

municipalities

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The enrollment majors The enrollment majors statistics of Distance Education statistics of Distance Education

(D.E.) in China(D.E.) in ChinaSet up a total of 15 categories,

160 majors.

No. Major Category Count Of

Major

1 Economic &Management 30

2 Construction Engineering 16

3 Materials Science 8

4 Computer Science 13

5 Literary & Language 7

6 Manufacturing Engineering 11

7 Traffic & Transportation 17

8 Agriculture 4

9Electrical & Information

Engineering12

10 Educational Science 6

11 Art Design 5

12 Sociology 7

13 Resources & Environment 14

14 Medical 8

15 Mathematical Sciences 2

Total 160

**Ao Peng distance education Ao Peng distance education

center center

•Hong Cheng distance education Hong Cheng distance education

center center

*ZhiJin distance education center *ZhiJin distance education center

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The Organizers of The Organizers of Distance Education in Distance Education in

China China UniversitiesUniversities Public service systems Public service systems Social education organizationsSocial education organizations

**TSINGHUA UniversityTSINGHUA University

*PEKING University*PEKING University

*ZHEJIANG University*ZHEJIANG University

*Southwest Science and *Southwest Science and

Technology universityTechnology university

*Broadcast and TV *Broadcast and TV

universityuniversity

------------

* * Guilds Guilds

*Private Distance Education *Private Distance Education

organizations organizations

------------

69 Pilot 69 Pilot universities universities

Other universitiesOther universitiesTibet University -------

The President of Tsinghua University, The President of Tsinghua University, Prof. Wang Dazhong Prof. Wang Dazhong firstly firstly

proposed the concept of the development of modern distance education.proposed the concept of the development of modern distance education.

In In 20002000, the State Ministry of Education officially approved to Tsinghua , the State Ministry of Education officially approved to Tsinghua

University, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Zhejiang University, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Zhejiang

University and Hunan University and The Open University of China for University and Hunan University and The Open University of China for

the first batch of national modern distance education pilot institutions.the first batch of national modern distance education pilot institutions.

In In July 2001July 2001, online education started, and 45 universities approved by , online education started, and 45 universities approved by

the Ministry of Education launched a network education experimental the Ministry of Education launched a network education experimental

work, accounting for 4.5% of the total number of Chinese universities.work, accounting for 4.5% of the total number of Chinese universities.

In In July 2004July 2004, colleges and universities has been approved to be , colleges and universities has been approved to be

experimental bases for Education Distance Education by the Ministry of experimental bases for Education Distance Education by the Ministry of

Education Distance Education, among which, Education Distance Education, among which, 63 colleges 63 colleges and and

universities were allowed to begin the admissions across the country in universities were allowed to begin the admissions across the country in

2004. 2004. Over 2000 learning centers Over 2000 learning centers had been built up, and more than had been built up, and more than 200 200

million students million students registered in the year of 2004.registered in the year of 2004.

Pilot Distance Education projects in ChinaPilot Distance Education projects in China

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Chinese Distance Education Levels and DisciplinesChinese Distance Education Levels and Disciplines

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Modern distance education includes Associate college diploma program, Undergraduate and graduate program;

Up to now, the pilot universities have provide 1560 Specialties, which belong to10 disciplines of management, economics, education, literature, law, engineering, science, agriculture, medicine, and philosophy.

In 2011, enrollment of online education in China reached 15% of the total number of higher education.

Chinese Distance Education Learning Resources ModesChinese Distance Education Learning Resources Modes

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studentstudentMicro messageMicro messageMicro BlogMicro Blog

Digital LibraryDigital Library

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Means of Current Means of Current Distance Education Distance Education

(D.E.) in China (D.E.) in China Face-to- Face-to- Face Face tutor tutor

spot & spot & District District Service Service centerscenters

Face-to- Face-to- Face Face tutor tutor

spot & spot & District District Service Service centerscentersText and Text and

tutorial tutorial books books &multi&multimedia media discsdiscs

Text and Text and tutorial tutorial books books &multi&multimedia media discsdiscs

Comprehensive Comprehensive websites and websites and

Internet Internet courseware courseware

Teaching Teaching

Software Software PlatformPlatform

Teaching Teaching

Software Software PlatformPlatform

Public Public classesclassesvideos videos

Public Public classesclassesvideos videos

PortablePortableD.E. D.E.

MaterialMaterials s

D.E. D.E. MaterialsMaterials

Bases Bases

D.E. D.E. MaterialsMaterials

Bases Bases

D.E.D.E.experimeexperiment Base nt Base

and and PlatformPlatform

D.E.D.E.experimeexperiment Base nt Base

and and PlatformPlatform

InterneInternetwebdittwebdite mic-e mic-blogblog

Clouds Clouds platforplatfor

m m

InterneInternetwebdittwebdite mic-e mic-blogblog

Clouds Clouds platforplatfor

m m

Radio & Radio & TV D.E. TV D.E.

programs programs

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Distance Education Models in Distance Education Models in China China

Collective learning based distance learning mode - Lecture mode

Synchronous lectures: landing on the network, the network teaching

teachers and students at the same time in different locations.

Asynchronous-taught: usually achieved by means of network courses and

streaming media technology

Group-Discussion mode based on internet BBS

Collaborative learning mode

Students participate in small groups to achieve

the common goal of learning.

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Technology Services for Distances Technology Services for Distances Education Education

Internet TechnologyInternet Technology

Bi-direction teaching, distance interactive teaching, multimedia courseware Bi-direction teaching, distance interactive teaching, multimedia courseware

website ,global digital experiment system, Digital-to-analog reality.website ,global digital experiment system, Digital-to-analog reality.

Virtual Reality Technology Virtual Reality Technology

Comprehensive utilization of computer graphics, simulation technology, multimedia Comprehensive utilization of computer graphics, simulation technology, multimedia

technology, computer network technology, parallel processing technology and multi-technology, computer network technology, parallel processing technology and multi-

sensor technology, the simulation of the human visual, auditory, tactile and other sensor technology, the simulation of the human visual, auditory, tactile and other

sensory organs’ function.sensory organs’ function.

Intelligent Agent TechnologyIntelligent Agent Technology

Application of artificial intelligence technology is one trend of computer application, Application of artificial intelligence technology is one trend of computer application,

which will lead to humanization and personalization of computer. which will lead to humanization and personalization of computer.

Computer coordinationComputer coordination

Computer role-playing partly taking place of humanComputer role-playing partly taking place of human

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Distance Education in Southwest Distance Education in Southwest Science and Technology University Science and Technology University

19821982CorrespondenCorrespondenceceeducation education

19931993Researched Researched into D.E. into D.E. targeted at targeted at western China western China & ex& explored unique development model

20022002Started D.E. Started D.E. that based on that based on various digital various digital learning learning materials and materials and education education models models

20072007Established Established D.E. research D.E. research platform and platform and diversified diversified D.E. system D.E. system that involved that involved 35 degree and 35 degree and non-degree non-degree education education programs programs

20122012Established 135 Established 135 outside-school outside-school study centers, study centers, including 320 including 320 kinds of digital kinds of digital learning learning resources and resources and 110.000 110.000 students, students, therefore therefore forming a series forming a series of D.E. support of D.E. support and develop and develop platforms.platforms.

network  teachingnetwork  teaching

  mobile learningmobile learning

creative innovative communicative enjoyable learningcreative innovative communicative enjoyable learning

Class teachingClass teaching

Learning TeamsLearning Teams

study manualstudy manual

remote experimentremote experiment

Provide various learning materials and channels for distance learner Provide various learning materials and channels for distance learner

20082008D.E. ensured D.E. ensured the integrity the integrity of students of students learning when learning when they went they went back home back home due to the 8 due to the 8 magnitude magnitude earthquake in earthquake in 20082008

Southwest science and technology university

The enrollment area distribution The enrollment area distribution of Distance Education (D.E.) in of Distance Education (D.E.) in

SWUSTSWUST

As of 2012, over 80 thousands

students in 69 DE dots

located the recruiting area

throughout the 15

provinces, autonomous

regions and municipalities

of CN

Based on 2 CIDA projects from 1989 and 1995, over 200 staff

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No. Major Category Count Of

Major

1 Economic & Management 15

2 Traffic & Transportation 3

3 Construction Engineering 9

4 Computer Science 2

5Electrical & Information

Engineering6

6 Manufacturing Engineering 17 Materials Science 58 Literary & Language 29 Sociology 2

10 Art Design 311 Agriculture 512 Mathematical Sciences 1

Total 54

The enrollment area distribution The enrollment area distribution of Distance Education (D.E.) in of Distance Education (D.E.) in

SWUSTSWUSTSet up a total of 12 categories,

54 majors.

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• Self-test and Self-test and Self-practiceSelf-practice

• Textbook and Textbook and Study Guide Study Guide

•Thesis Thesis DefenseDefense

Unified Unified ExamExam

•Thesis defense and Thesis defense and Study groups Study groups

• Internet and Portable Internet and Portable Tutorials Tutorials

• A variety of A variety of Teacher Teacher TutorialTutorialPrograms Programs

• Comprehensive Comprehensive Courseware studyCourseware study

Basic chain andBasic chain and running model running model

of D.E.of D.E.

D.E manage model D.E manage model

Distance Education in Southwest Distance Education in Southwest Science and Technology University Science and Technology University

Southwest science and technology university

Trends of D.E. in China Trends of D.E. in China

The enhancement of The enhancement of university-centered distance university-centered distance education and researcheducation and research

The radiation effect of The radiation effect of university-centered D.E. university-centered D.E.

The buttress of thriving economy The buttress of thriving economy and information technology and information technology behind D.Ebehind D.E

A wider application of D.E. in A wider application of D.E. in school education and life-long school education and life-long educationeducation

Intensified cooperation in D.E. Intensified cooperation in D.E. home and abroad home and abroad

The promotion of shared resourcesThe promotion of shared resources and personalized services and personalized services

The improvement of D.E. The improvement of D.E. technology and the enrichment technology and the enrichment of D.E. resourcesof D.E. resources

CN: life education by DE, cross CN: life education by DE, cross Education bridge which DE role, Education bridge which DE role, open U or virtual internet U? open U or virtual internet U?

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Thank You Thank You