The Present Subjunctive (with Ojalá) P. 339 Avancemos 2
Jan 10, 2016
The Present Subjunctive (with
Ojalá)
P. 339
Avancemos 2
The Subjunctive
Up to now you have been using verbs in the indicative mood, which is used to talk about facts or actual events.
The Subjunctive
Aprendo francés para mi viaje.
The Subjunctive
Spanish has another way of using verbs called the subjunctive mood.
The Subjunctive
We use it to say what one person does or doesn’t want, tell, suggest, or recommend someone else to do.
The Subjunctive
A sentence that includes the subjunctive form has two parts connected by the word que.
For example:
The Subjunctive
Recomendamos que Uds. hablen con un agente de viajes.
We recommend that you speak with a travel agent.
The Subjunctive
¿Quiere Ud. que escribamos nuestros nombres en las maletas?
Do you want us to write our names on our suitcases?
The Subjunctive
Note that the subjunctive sentences have two parts, each with a different subject, connected by the word que:
2 Clauses
Ella sugiere que yo aprenda francés
Independent clause(stands on its own)Subject > Verb
Separated by the word “que”
Dependent clause (can’t stand on its own)Begins with the word “que.”
Indicative Verb
Subjunctive Verb
The Subjunctive
The first subject uses the present indicative verb (recommendation, suggestion, prohibition, and so on) + que and the second subject uses the present subjunctive verb (what should happen).
The Subjunctive
Verbs that are often followed by que + subjunctive:
Decir Insistir en Necesitar Permitir Preferir (e > ie)
Prohibir Querer (e > ie) Recomendar (e > ie) Sugerir (e > ie) Ojalá
The Subjunctive
We form the present subjunctive of most verbs the same way we form negative tú commands.
The Subjunctive
We drop the -o of the present-tense indicative yo form and add the subjunctive endings.
The Subjunctive
For -ar verbs:e, es, e, emos, éis, enFor -er/-ir verbs:a, as, a, amos, áis, an
HABLAR
hable
hables
hable
hablemos
habléis
hablen
COMER
coma
comas
coma
comamos
comáis
coman
VIVIR
viva
vivas
viva
vivamos
viváis
vivan
The Subjunctive
The present subjunctive has the same spelling changes and irregular yo form changes used with the negative tú commands and Ud./Uds. commands.
Irregular Subjunctive Verbs
As in negative commands, irregular verbs that add a “g” to the stem in the present-tense yo form also have a “g” in the present subjunctive.
Irregular Subjunctive Verbs
caersedecirhacerponersalir
tenertraer
Irregular Subjunctive Verbs
hacer hag-o haga
tener teng-o tenga
HACER
haga
hagas
haga
hagamos
hagáis
hagan
TENER
tenga
tengas
tenga
tengamos
tengáis
tengan
The Subjunctive
-gar, -car, -zar verbs:-gar: g > gu-car: c > qu-zar: z > c
LLEGAR (g > gu)
llegue
llegues
llegue
lleguemos
lleguéis
lleguen
BUSCAR (c > qu)
busque
busques
busque
busquemos
busquéis
busquen
CRUZAR (z > c)
cruce
cruces
cruce
crucemos
crucéis
crucen
The Subjunctive (with Ojalá)
Fact: (indicative)Ganamos un premio hoy.We’re winning a prize today.
Hope: (subjunctive)¡Ojalá que ganemos un premio hoy!I hope that we win a prize today!
The Subjunctive
Stem-changing –ar and –er verbs in the present tense also change in the subjunctive.
PENSAR (e > ie)
piense
pienses
piense
pensemos
penséis
piensen
PODER (o > ue)
pueda
puedas
pueda
podamos
podáis
puedan