The Power of Two - Embraeradm.embraercommercialaviation.com/Newsletters/VPC_china_issue_48.pdf · 2014, Embraer released its China Regional Aviation Market Outlook (2014-2033) and

P16E-Jets E2

全新的客舱内饰The Power of Two

总第四十八期 / 2014年12月

Issue NO. 48 / Dec. 2014

www.embraer.com.cn

E-Jets E2 全新的客舱内饰

历时两年，在巴航工业与普睿谷设计公司的共同

努力下，E-Jets E2全新客舱内饰惊艳问世。全新

的客舱设计理念绝不是以当代E-喷气系列飞机客

舱为基础进行简单的更新换代，而是构建了新一

代巴航工业飞机乘坐体验的全新蓝图——不仅全

面提升乘坐体验，同时也有助于实现更加高效、

便捷的维护。

目 录Contents

本期焦点Highlights in this Issue

P18

P28 支线航空遇上低成本　成就航企盈利新蓝海

受国内高铁连线成网的冲击及三公费用收窄的

影响，国内两舱客运需求下滑，而与此同时航

空大众化的趋势却日益明显。在民航局政策的

鼓励下，国内低成本航空运营蔚然成风。中国

低成本航空应该以何种模式经营成为众多航空

公司及行业专家关注的问题。2014中国航展期

间，巴航工业发布《2014-2033中国支线航空市

场发展报告》，并提出了“支线低成本”的全

新理念。扫描二维码，欣赏巴航工业大中华区2014精彩瞬间

Low-Cost Regional Airline: Blue Sea for Profit

With the impact of high-speed rail networks and the tight control of expenses for official receptions, vehicles and overseas trips, domestic demand for first-class and business class air travel has declined despite the increasing popularity of civil aviation in China. Encouraged by CAAC policies, low-cost airlines here are becoming more common. Both airlines and industry experts are debating how the low-cost business model will find its place. At Airshow China 2014, Embraer released its China Regional Aviation Market Outlook (2014-2033) and introduced the new concept of “low-cost regional aviation.”

卷首语

A Word from the President

中国市场快讯

China Market News Express

全球市场快讯

Global News Express

哈尔滨安博威简讯

HEAI Stories

E-Jets E2 全新的客舱内饰

The Power of Two

P06

P08

P14

P16

P18

支线航空遇上低成本　成就航企盈利新蓝海

Low-Cost Regional Airline: Blue Sea for Profit

关于我国支线航空发展和引入低成本模式的思考

Focus on the Development of Regional Aviation

and the Introduction of the Low-Cost Airline Model

in China

巴航工业航空客运定价与收益管理专题讲座

Embraer China Airlines Pricing and Revenue

Management Workshop

P35

The Power of Two

Embraer engineers and the UK design agency Priestmangoode worked together for two years to develop a new interior for the E-Jets E2s. The concept is not a mere evolution of the current E-Jet cabin, it is an all-new blueprint for the next-generation aircraft that will enhance the passenger experience and make the E2s easier to maintain and reconfigure.

P28

P32

P35

delivery of the first Legacy 650 executive jet assembled by HEAI. As the first large business jet assembled by a joint venture

in China, the event also marked a historic chapter in the country’s business aviation industry.

Embraer has been in this market for fourteen years. We’re proud of what the company has achieved and we are even more

proud to help China become a true powerhouse in world aviation. Looking forward to 2015, Embraer will continue to work to

advance China’s aviation industry together with its industry partners.

As we approach the New Year, on behalf of all the employees of Embraer China, I wish you good health and prosperity.

重要里程碑。2014年6月，由哈尔滨安博威总装的首架莱格赛650大型公务机成功交付客户。作为国内首个中外合

资的大型喷气公务机总装项目，飞机的交付在中国公务航空产业史上无疑具有重要意义！

植根中国十四年，巴航工业备感自豪的不仅仅是公司在中国市场的稳步前行，更是携手业界同仁为中国航空

强国梦想的稳步前行贡献一份力量。

马岁荣光辉日月，羊毫遒劲续春秋。展望2015，巴航工业将一如既往，与社会各界力量并肩协力，助力中国

航空事业的发展。借此迎新之际，顺祝各位同仁在新的一年承载梦想，御风而行，以游无穷！

顺颂商祺！

巴西航空工业公司高级副总裁

兼大中华区总裁

2014如白驹过隙，在忙碌与充实、耕耘与收获中悄然而过。回顾过去一年公司在华业务发展，对于巴航工业

商用飞机最具里程碑意义的，当属2014年7月在国家主席习近平及巴西总统罗塞夫的见证下，公司分别与海

航集团天津航空、工银金融租赁有限公司签署了商用飞机的销售协议。两份订单共计60架当代E-喷气系列飞机及

E-Jets E2系列飞机。

作为全球领先的飞机制造商，巴航工业致力于通过不断完善的产品及服务促进全球航空运输业的健康发展，

十四年在中国也是如此。

截至目前，中国支线机队中约80%为巴航工业商用飞机。巴航工业商用飞机已经成为中国支线航空不可或缺

的生力军——600余条航线联结着国内外130多座城市，服务社会经济发展、便捷广大民众出行。

Senior Vice President of EmbraerPresident of Embraer China

卷首语 A Word from the President

The year 2014 flew by quickly. Looking back, the most significant achievement for our Commercial Aviation division was the

sale of 60 current and second-generation E-Jets to HNA Tianjin Airlines and ICBC Financial Leasing. Signature of the

agreements was witnessed by Chinese President Mr. Xi Jinping and Mrs. Dilma Rousseff, the President of Brazil, last July during

Mr. Xi’s state visit to Brazil.

Embraer has been committed to promoting the development of civil aviation throughout the world. This is particularly true in

China where we have been pursuing our goal for more than a decade. Today, Embraer commercial jets account for 80% of the

regional fleet in China. The aircraft are becoming an integral part of the country’s regional aviation profile, flying on over 600

routes and connecting 130 domestic and international cities. They are clearly making a contribution to the social and economic

development of the nation and making it easier for people to get from A to B.

The past year also saw an important milestone in Brazil-Sino cooperation in business aircraft manufacturing with the June

6 7

过去的一年也见证了巴中两国在公务机制造领域合作项目的一项

8 9

www.embraer.com.cn

E-Jets E2 客舱实体模型首次亮相中国揭幕仪式

2014 年 11 月 11 日 — 巴航工业举行 E-Jets E2 系列飞机客舱实体

模型揭幕仪式，庆祝其首次亮相中国。巴航工业高级副总裁兼大中

华区总裁关东元、巴航工业大中华区商用飞机市场及销售副总裁郭

青共同为客舱模型揭幕。

E-Jets E2 Mock-up Ceremony

November 11 – The new E-Jets E2 cabin mock-up was unveiled at an

Embraer-hosted ceremony at the 2014 Air Show China. This was the first

time the E2 mock-up was on display in the country. Mr. Guan Dongyuan,

Senior Vice President of Embraer and President of Embraer China and

Mr. Guo Qing, Vice President of Marketing and Sales, Commercial

Aviation, Embraer China, officially opened the E2 mockup for viewing to

industry guests and media representatives.

总况

截至 2014 年 12 月 31 日，巴西航空工业公司中国市场确认定单

总数为 216 架，其中 153 架飞机已交付客户使用。

Order Book Summary

As of December 31, 2014, Embraer had logged 216 firm orders from

customers in China. Of the total, 153 aircraft have been delivered.

China Market News Express中国市场快讯

巴航工业发布 2014-2033 中国支线航空市场发展报告

2014 年 11 月 12 日 — 巴航工业召开新闻发布会，发

布了中国支线航空市场发展报告。报告预计，至 2033 年，

中国将需引进 1,020 架 70 至 130 座级商用喷气飞机，包

括 300 架 70 至 90 座级飞机以及 720 架 90 至 130 座级

飞机，占全球该座级市场新飞机交付量的 16%。其中，

87% 将用于支持市场增长，13% 将用于替换现役机队中

的老旧机型（包括 50 座级飞机）。

报告指出，中国经济的持续发展、城市化进程的加快以

及中产阶级的不断壮大都将助力中国成为全球航空运输

业增长最快的市场之一。预计未来 20 年，中国民航运

输总周转量的年度同比增长率将达到 6.8%。同时随着

国家“普遍航空服务”计划的出台，扶持支线航空发展

政策的不断完善以及大批中西部支线机场投入使用，中

国的支线航空将迎来长足发展。

在对当前中国航空运输市场进行全面深入的分析后，报

告也指出，目前仍存在市场需求与机型尺寸不匹配的情

况，导致通达性差、航班频率较低。同时，航空公司也

需要合适尺寸的机型优化运力，发掘中国二三线市场的

巨大潜力，避免干线以及支线航空中均存在的非理性竞

争。新一代 70 至 130 座级支线喷气飞机运营成本低且

性能卓越，适用于多种商业模式，完全满足市场需求。

登录 www.embraer.com.cn/outlook 查阅报告全文。

巴航工业发布 2015-2024 中国公务航空市场发展报告

2014 年 11 月 12 日 — 巴航工业召开新闻发布会，

发布中国公务航空市场发展报告。巴航工业预计未

来 10 年，中国市场需要 835 架喷气公务机，占全球

公务机交付总量的 9% ；总价值达 330 亿美元，占全

球交付公务机总价值的 13%。

基于对中国经济和产业形势的深入分析，巴航工

业看好中国公务航空市场的发展潜力。数据表明，

2012 年中国 GDP 增长占全球 GDP 增长总值的

19.3%。预期中国将于 2021 年超越美国，成为全球

最大的经济体。《胡润百富》的数据显示，2008 年至

2013 年期间，中国的超级富豪（资产超过 1 亿人民币）

以平均每年 7% 的速度增长。

中国公务航空产业的稳健发展也得益于日益成熟的

产业环境。近年来，中国公务机机队规模迅速扩展，

从 2007 年的 83 架增至目前的 418 架，年均增长率

达 28%。同时，公务机运营商也从 2012 年的 15 家

发展至现今的 44 家。固定基地运营商（FBO）有望

继续保持向主要城市扩展的发展趋势。目前，全国

有 8 家 FBO，而 2012 年全国仅 5 家。

Embraer Releases China Executive Aviation Market Outlook 2015-2024

November 12 – Embraer forecasts that a total of 835 executive jets valued

at USD 33 billion will be need in China over the next decade. The number

represents 9% of world executive jets deliveries, or 13% in terms of total

value. The figures were released in Embraer's Market Outlook for China at a

press conference at Airshow China 2014.

The projection is based on in-depth analysis of economic and industrial

scenarios. Data show that China has become the world's top GDP growth

machine, accounting for 19.3% of world GDP growth in 2012. China is

expected to surpass the USA to become the No.1 economy in 2021. Assets

of the country's wealthiest population (valued at over RMB100 million)

grew an average of 7% annually from 2008 to 2013 according to the Hurun

Report, one of the most influential publications that track consumption and

trends of luxury goods and services in the country.

The growth of executive aviation is related to China's healthy industrial

environment. The country's executive jet fleet grew an average of 28% per

year from 2007 to 2014 from 83 to 418 jets. In 2012 there were 15 executive

jet operators. Today, there are 44 and the number of Fixed Base Operators

(FBO) is expected to increase, especially in major cities. There are eight

FBOs today compared to five in 2012.

巴航工业亮相 2014 中国航展

巴航工业参加了 11 月 11 日至 16 日于广东珠海举办的第十届中

国国际航空航天博览会（2014 中国航展），隆重推介公司商用

航空和公务航空全系列产品。航展期间，E-Jets E2 系列飞机全

尺寸客舱实体模型首次亮相中国，世袭 1000E 超大型、莱格赛

650 大型及飞鸿 300 轻型喷气公务机做静态展示。

Embraer at Airshow China 2014

Embraer promoted its commercial and executive aviation product

portfolio at the 10th China International Aviation & Aerospace

Exhibition (Airshow China 2014) from November 11 to 16 in Zhuhai,

Guangdong Province. There was a static display of the Lineage 1000E,

Legacy 650 and Phenom 300 executive jets. A mock-up of the new

E-Jets E2 cabin made its China debut at the show.

November 12 – At a press conference at Airshow China 2014, Embraer

released its twenty-year forecast which identifies a need for 1,020 new

70 to 130-seat jets for the Chinese regional aviation market by 2033.

This number represents 16% of global jet deliveries in that capacity

category. The projection includes three hundred 70 to 90-seat jets and

seven hundred and twenty 90 to 130-seat jets. 87% of new deliveries

will be deployed to support market growth while 13% will replace old

aircraft in the current fleet that includes 50-seat airplanes.

Over the next two decades, passenger enplanements in China will

increase 6.8% annually, a rate driven by the country's sustained

economic growth. Rapid urbanization and a growing middle class will

also position China as one of the world's fastest growing markets. With

the launch of the Essential Air Service program, the improvement of

incentive policies and more regional airports coming online in central

and western China, the regional aviation sector is assured a promising

future.

The Market Outlook contains an in-depth analysis of current market

weaknesses and deficiencies and highlights the mismatch between

market demand and aircraft type. The imbalance results in poor

connectivity with few frequencies and a need for airlines to have right-

sized aircraft to unlock the huge potential in the country's secondary

and tertiary markets, and to avoid irrational and unhealthy competition

both on trunk lines and on regional routes. The new generation of 70

to 130-seat regional jets, with their lower operating costs and improved

performance, can be used in a range of business applications.

Read the (bilingual) “Embraer China Market Outlook (2014-2033)” at

www.embraer.com.cn/outlook.

Embraer Releases China Regional Aviation Market Outlook 2014 -2033

10 11

www.embraer.com.cn

巴航工业获“2014 年度最具影响力品牌”称号

2014 年 11 月 22 日 — 在由《俱乐部》杂志主办的 2014 年度影

响力盛典上，巴航工业作为全球唯一一家提供从超轻型到超大

型全系列公务机产品的制造商，被评为“年度最具影响力品牌”，

公司也是唯一一家获奖的公务机制造商。

《俱乐部》杂志聚焦于各个具有全球影响力的组织与团体，通过

对团体、俱乐部的生活方式乃至话题主张的描述，阐释这些机

构对公众生活各领域的影响。在今年的影响力盛典上，基于各

个行业知名企业上一年在技术创新、产品创新、品牌打造等方

面的表现以及在市场上的活跃度及影响力等，进行评选，旨在

推动各行业品牌的发展与成长。

巴航工业 2014 中国营运人安全会议

2014 年 10 月 14 - 17 日 — 巴航工业

中国营运人安全会议分别于河北航空、

天津航空、南方航空举行。会上，巴航

工业向营运人分享了其商用飞机安全统

计数据和过去一年全球机队发生的重大

安全事件，以帮助航空公司采取措施，

改进安全运行。

2014 Embraer China Operator Safety

Meetings

October 14-17 – The 2014 China

Embraer Operator Safety Meetings were

held at Hebei Airlines, Tianjin Airlines

and China Southern Airl ines from

October 14-17. Embraer presented safety

statistics for its worldwide commercial

aircraft fleet and the accident and serious

incident events since the last meetings.

The review helps Chinese operators take

any necessary actions to improve the

safety of operations.

巴航工业携手高校培养航空航天人才

2014 年 12 月 5 日及 15 日 — 巴航工业先后为中国

民航大学、北京航空航天大学 2014 年度优秀学生颁

发年度奖学金。

自 2006 年以来，巴航工业相继携手中国民航大学、

北京航空航天大学开展奖学金项目，表彰热爱航空航

天事业、品学兼优且在科技创新方面有突出表现的学

生，以支持中国航空航天高等教育事业的发展。

Embraer Recognized as "The Most Influential Brand of 2014"

November 22 – Embraer received The Most Influential Brand

of the Year award at a ceremony hosted by Club magazine. The

Company is the only manufacturer in the world to offer a complete

range of entry-level to ultra-large executive jets and was the only

business jet manufacturer to win such an award.

Club magazine focuses on various influential organizations and

groups throughout the world and evaluates their impact on public

life. At the ceremony, Club chose the award winners based on

the performance of industry-leading companies, their technology,

product innovation and brand building.

莱格赛 650 及世袭 1000E 亮相电影《露水红颜》

2014 年 11 月 7 日 — 著名导演高希希转战大银幕的全新爱情

巨作《露水红颜》席卷全国各大荧幕，电影中高大上的神秘

道具也随之曝光——巴航工业旗舰机型莱格赛 650 大型及世袭

1000E 超大型喷气公务机，值 2014 年 4 月上海公务机展期间

荣幸参与电影拍摄，并成为此剧部分情节中男女主角的奢华座

驾。

该电影改编自作家张小娴经典小说《红颜露水》，男女主角锁

定亚洲超人气天王 Rain 和国内当红女星刘亦菲。演艺圈炙手

可热的人气偶像唐嫣、安志杰以及金牌戏骨王学兵、陈冲、邵

峰等联合出演。

Legacy 650 and Lineage 1000E Featured in the Film “For Love or

Money”

November 7 – The film“For Love or Money”made its debut on

November 7. From the famous Chinese director Gao Xixi, the film has

some high-end props - Embraer's Legacy 650 and Lineage 1000E. The

scene with the two aircraft was filmed during the 2014 Asian Business

Aviation Airshow in China in last April.

The film stars the famous Korean actor Rain and the Chinese actress Liu

Yifei and was adapted from the well-known novel. There are other famous

Chinese actors that co-star in the movie.

莱格赛 500 荣膺《罗博报告》2014 “最佳之最”

2014 年 10 月 27 日 — 在《罗博报告》“2014 最佳之最 •

Best of the Best”年度盛典上，巴航工业莱格赛 500 中型

公务机荣膺中型及超中型喷气公务机级别最佳机型。“最

佳之最 • Best of the Best”是全球最顶级奢侈品杂志《Robb

Report》于 1987 年推出的奢侈品评选，致力于为精英人

士推荐最不容错过的年度产品和优质服务，被誉为“奢侈

品界的奥斯卡”。

莱格赛 500 为巴航工业最新投入运营的公务机机型。国际

著名影星兼慈善家成龙先生将于 2015 年成为该机型在中

国的首位用户。

Legacy 500 Named "2014 Best of the Best" by Robb Report

October 27 – At the Robb Report's annual “Best of the Best" ceremony

on October 27, Embraer's Legacy 500 was named the best mid-size jet for

2014 in the mid-size and super mid-size executive jet categories.

The "Best of the Best" distinction was introduced by the world's top

luxury magazine in 1987 to recognize high-end products and services.

The awards are considered the “Oscars” of the luxury industry.

The Legacy 500 is acclaimed by high-end consumers around the world.

The internationally renowned movie star and philanthropist, Jackie Chan,

will be the launch customer for the aircraft type in China in 2015.

Embraer Scholarship Programs

December 5th and 15th – Embraer was invited to the CAUC and BUAA to

present the scholarships to honorees.

Since 2006, Embraer has been working with the Civil Aviation University of China

(CAUC) and Beihang University (BUAA) on scholarship programs to support the

college education of aerospace professionals. The initiative recognizes students

who are passionate about the aviation industry and who strive to achieve academic

excellence in their studies of innovation and technology.

河北航空

Hebei Airlines

中国民航大学 / CAUC北京航空航天大学 / BUAA

天津航空

Tianjin Airlines

中国南航

China Southern Airlines

12 13

www.embraer.com.cn

巴航工业大中华区 2014 客户支援见面会

2014 年 11 月 14 - 21 日 — 客户支援见面会是巴航工

业客户支援与服务体系的重要构成，旨在通过与客户面

对面的沟通，深入了解每个客户的机队运行信息、分享

全球机队运营经验，携手客户优化和提升机队运营品质，

实现客户机队运营效益最大化。

2014 年 11 月 14 至 21 日，巴航工业大中华区及总部客户支援与

服务团队、供应商管理团队前往天津航空、南航广州总部及南

航新疆分公司、东航及河北航空的主运营基地进行拜访，举行

了客户支援见面会。

会议期间，拜访团队介绍了公司全球客户支援体系及服务提升

举措，分享了 2014 年度全球客户满意度调查结果及行动方案、

全球 E190 及 ERJ145 机队的运营及维护管理经验，认真听取客

户在过去半年时间机队运营方面的意见并就相关的供应商管理、

维修成本优化、工程技术及航材支援议题进行了全面、深入的

探讨，为用户提供客户化的解决方案。

巴航工业发动机及重要系统的供应商，如 GE、Parker 公司的客

户支援团队也受邀参加了见面会，充分增强客户对巴航工业机

队安全高效运营的信心，同时也使中国客户的运营团队能有机

会对飞机主要系统的可靠性、特性及状态进行深入了解，从而

有的放矢地制定改进措施，并与供应商共同制定客户化、整体

化的运行支援方案，从根本上提高机队运行的安全性、可靠性

及经济性。

E190 倾情加盟南航微电影《梦想，从心出发》

《梦想，从心出发》是一部由中国南方航空出品、金马奖导演执导的微电影，改编自一个

真实的故事。

在新疆和田地区的喀瓦克乡，一名足球爱好者帕尔哈提在乡里的小学组建了一支足球队。

虽然场地简陋，装备缺乏，但这群孩子与教练依然坚持着自己的足球梦想，渴望着终有一

天能走出家乡。一次偶然的机会，他们获得了前往乌鲁木齐的邀请，与全国冠军第五小学

进行一场友谊比赛，但遥远的路途和高昂的交通费用却成了横在面前的一道阻碍。直到他

们给南航寄出一封信，一切又有了转机…

这个追梦的故事已于 2014 年 12 月正式上线。欢迎登陆各大视频网站搜索“梦想，从心出发”，

同新疆边远地区的孩子们一起感受梦想的悸动！

E190 in China Southern’s Mini-Movie

“Dream from the Heart”

China Southern has made “Dream

from the Heart”, a mini-movie based

on a true story, in which an E190 has a

small role.

I n K e w a k , a r e m o t e t o w n i n

Hetian District, Xinjiang Uygur

Autonomous Region, Mr. Parhat, a

huge football fan, sets up and coaches

a boys'football team. Even though

they lack uniforms and equipment,

the coach and the kids practice hard

every day. It was their dream to

play a game outside their hometown.

Then, one day, they were invited to

Urumqi, the provincial capital city of

the region, to play a friendship match

with the team from Urumqi's 5th

Primary School, the national league

champions. Mr. Parhat and his team

yearned for the opportunity yet they

faced travelling a long distance and

the high cost of transportation. The

coach decided to bear all the expenses

himself even though he and his family

were poor. The team was moved by

his determination and wrote a letter to

China Southern Airlines…

Check out the film (and look for the

E190) which is distributed on major

websites including Tencent, Qiyi and

Youku.

Embraer China 2014 Face-to-Face Customer Meetings

November 14-21 – Face-to-face meetings are an important part of

Embraer's customer support and service philosophy. Through in-depth

discussions of issues in which people share valuable information and

exchange experiences, the meetings are part of Embraer's efforts to help

airline customers improve fleet performance and maximize the value of

customer exchanges.

From November 14 to 21，a customer support team from

Embraer China and Embraer headquarters paid a visit to the main

operating bases of Tianjin Airlines, China Southern's offices in

Guangzhou and Xinjiang, China Eastern, and Hebei Airlines. The

team introduced Embraer's global customer support and services

improvement programs, shared the operational and maintenance

experience of the worldwide ERJ145 and E-Jet fleets, and had

discussions on issues on technical and engineering subjects, spare

parts and cost optimization, and provided tailor-made solutions.

Some major vendors, including GE and Parker, were invited to

join the meetings. The face-to-face customer discussions enabled

both the Embraer support team and vendors to better understand

the specific needs of Chinese customers. That, in turn, will help

Chinese operators to have more knowledge about the reliability and

maintenance of Embraer aircraft systems. The meetings enhanced

the efficiency of communication and development of issue

resolution, and will help develop customized solutions and improve

the future reliability of the fleet.

河北航空

Hebei Airlines

天津航空

Tianjin Airlines中国南航 - 广州

China Southern Airlines - Guangzhou

中国南航 - 新疆

China Southern Airlines - Xinjiang

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2014 年 12 月 8 日 — 巴航工业携手飞安国际完成了莱格赛 500 中

型喷气公务机首批飞行员的培训。得益于采用先进培训技术的客

户支持与服务体系，此次完成培训的飞行员将为客户提供高效的

服务。莱格赛 500 飞行模拟器已通过美国联邦航空局及巴西民航

局的的 C 级认证。

飞安国际也是巴航工业莱格赛系列和世袭喷气公务机以及 E- 喷气

飞机系列的培训服务提供商。

December 8 – The first class of Legacy 500 executive jet pilots completed their Embraer and FlightSafety International training. The courses incorporated advanced training technology and the complete customer support and services structure including a Level C simulator certified by the U.S. FAA and Brazil's ANAC.

FlightSafety International is also Embraer's training service provider for the Legacy and Lineage executive jets and the E-Jets family of commercial aircraft.

2014 年 10 月 21 日 — 在美国国家公务航空协会年会期间举

行的仪式上，莱格赛 500 中型公务机获得美国联邦航空局

（FAA）认证。这表示该机型能够在美国和其他要求美国联

邦航空局认证的国家投入运营。

October 21 – Embraer's Legacy 500 executive jet was granted

FAA certification at ceremony at the National Business Aviation

Association Conference and Exhibition. This approval enables

aircraft entry into service in the USA and in countries that require

certification from the American authority.

2014 年 10 月 17 日 — 巴航工业开始在其位于葡萄牙的埃武

拉工厂进行 E-Jets E2 的首次投料。此次投料的对象是计划于

2016 年进行首飞的 E190-E2 首架原型机的翼根前压舱壁。

首架 E-Jets E2 飞机（E190-E2）计划于 2018 年上半年投入运营。

E195-E2 和 E175-E2 分别定于 2019 年和 2020 年投入使用。

October 17 – Embraer cut the first metal for an E2, the second

generation of the E-Jets family of commercial jets, at its Évora facility

in Portugal. The part was the wing stub forward pressure bulkhead for

the first E190-E2 test aircraft which is scheduled to make its first flight

in 2016.

The first delivery of an E-Jet E2 (the E190-E2) is expected in the first

half of 2018. The E195-E2 is scheduled to enter service in 2019 and

the E175-E2 in 2020.

2014 年 12 月 29 日 — 巴航工业与奈特喷气飞机有限公司（NetJets®

Inc.）签署协议，将十架白金版飞鸿 300 轻型公务机的承诺订单转

为确认定单。奈特喷气飞机有限公司是伯克希尔 • 哈撒韦公司旗下

子公司，是全球私人航空业的领先者。2010 年 10 月，双方签署的

协议包括 50 架确认定单和 75 架承诺订单。

巴航工业已经向奈特喷气飞机有限公司交付了 36 架白金版飞鸿

300。这些飞机由奈特公司在欧美地区以产权共享模式运营。此次

增购的 10 架飞机将于 2016 年 1 月开始交付。

December 29 – Embraer Executive Jets and NetJets® Inc., a Berkshire Hathaway company and the worldwide leader in private aviation, have signed an agreement to convert 10 Signature Series Phenom 300 purchase options into firm orders. In October 2010, a purchase agreement was signed for 50 firm and 75 options.

Embraer has now delivered 36 Signature Series Phenom 300s to NetJets. These aircraft operate in the NetJets fleet, with fractional owners in the U.S. and Europe. Deliveries of the 10 additional aircraft will begin as of January 2016.

2014 年 12 月 11 日 — 巴航工业于 12 月 10 日向墨

西哥航空公司交付了一架 E190，暨全球第 1,100 架

E- 喷气系列飞机。这架 E190 飞机也是巴航工业向拉

美市场交付的第 200 架 E- 喷气系列飞机。

墨西哥航空公司通过其附属支线品牌墨西哥联运航

空运营着一支由 62 架巴航工业喷气飞机组成的机队，

其中包括 27 架 E190、6 架 E170、3 架 E175 以及 26

架 ERJ145。

December 11 – Embraer delivered its 1,100th E-Jet

production aircraft to AeroMexico on December 10. The

milestone E190 is also the 200th E-Jet flying with Latin

American carriers.

AeroMexico operates a fleet of 62 Embraer jets through its

regional brand, AeroMexico Connect: 27 E190s, 6 E170s,

3 E175s and 26 ERJ 145s.

2014 年 10 月 15 日 — 2014 年第三季度，巴航工业确认

定单储备达到 221 亿美元，创历史新高，这主要得益于

KC-390 飞机合同的签订和全球最大的 E- 喷气系列飞机运

营商共和航空控股公司 50 架 E175 飞机确认定单的最终

落实。

2014 年第三季度，公司共计交付了 34 架飞机，其中向商

用航空市场交付了 19 架喷气飞机，向公务航空市场交付

了 15 架喷气公务机。

全球商用航空市场快讯Global Commercial Aviation News

全球公务航空市场快讯Global Executive Aviation News

2014 年 11 月 25 日 — 巴航工业与美国天西航空集团签署了七

架 E175 喷气飞机的确认定单。飞机将由天西航空公司根据其与

阿拉斯加航空公司签署的运力购买协议执飞。由此，天西航空

集团确认定单总数达到 47 架。阿拉斯加航空公司的 E175 飞机

计划于 2015 年下半年开始交付。

November 25 – Embraer and SkyWest Inc. confirmed a firm order

for seven E175s. The aircraft are scheduled to start flying with Alaska

Airlines under a Capacity Purchase Agreement in the second half of

2015.

These aircraft are part of SkyWest's previous order for 100 (40 firm and

60 reconfirmable), E175 current generation E-Jets – with an additional

100 options – placed in May 2013, taking the firm order number to a

total of 47.

October 15 – By the end of the third quarter of 2014 (3Q14), the firm order

backlog was USD 22.1 billion, the highest in the Company's history. The

number was driven mainly by the signing of contracts for the KC-390 and

the firm order for 50 E175s from Republic Airways Holdings Inc. Republic

operates the largest fleet of E-Jets in the world.

During 3Q14, the Company delivered 19 jets to customers in the commercial

aviation market and 15 to customers in the business aviation market, a total of

34 aircraft.

2014 年 12 月 16 日 — 在欧洲航空安全局 (EASA) 总部举

行的仪式上，巴航工业莱格赛 500 中型喷气公务机获得认

证。这也意味着莱格赛 500 能够在欧盟成员国及其他要求

EASA 认证的国家投入使用。

莱格赛 500 符合或超越所有性能预期，并分别于 2014 年

8 月和 10 月获得美国联邦航空局（FAA）及巴西民航局的

（ANAC）的认证。至此，莱格赛 500 已经能够在欧洲、巴

西、美国和其他要求 EASA 或 FAA 认证的国家投入运营。

2014 年 10 月 10 日，巴航工业向一位巴西客户交付了全球

首架莱格赛 500 中型喷气公务机。

December 16 – Embraer's Legacy 500 executive jet was granted certification by the European Aviation Safety Agency (EASA) at a ceremony at its headquarters. The approval enables aircraft entry into service in EU member states and in countries that recognize EASA certification.

The Legacy 500 has met or exceeded all performance expectations. It was certified by Brazil's ANAC in August and the FAA in October,2014. The Legacy 500 is now able to fly in Europe, Brazil, the USA and in countries that require EASA or FAA certification. The first Legacy 500 was delivered to a Brazilian customer on October 10.,2014.

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安博威第三架莱格赛650生产进程

Production of HEAI’s 3rd Legacy 650

On November 24 at precisely 10:30 am, the third Legacy 650

assembled by HEAI took off on its maiden flight and landed

smoothly two hours and forty minutes later at 1:30 pm.

During the flight, the pilots and flight engineer checked 22 items

including communication and navigation systems and the auto-pilot.

Results of the flight, which reached an altitude of 41,000 feet, were

satisfactory. The pilots and flight engineer from Embraer headquarters

were particularly complimentary of the quality of HEAI workmanship.

After the test flight, the interiors team from the production department

started work on the interior on November 25. So far, the team has

assembled the galley, forward and aft lavatories and side ledges,

window and ceiling panels, and installed curtains, the entertainment

console, credenza and divan in the passenger cabin.

To save time and allow for faster work by other technicians, the team

installed the panels and furniture at the same time.

The aircraft was handed off to the paint team at the end of December.

“My function is to support the engineers who focus on the interior but

also I maintain contact with all the teams involved in the manufacturing

process. The HEAI employees - my Chinese friends - are always

willing to learn and I also learned a lot from them. I wish all the best

for HEAI and the HEAI staff. Thanks for giving me this opportunity to

join this team and to have such an incredible professional and personal

experience.”

- Magno Moreno, Embraer Technical Support

2014 年 11 月 24 日 10 点 30 分，由哈尔滨安博威总装的

第三架莱格赛 650 大型公务机准时起飞，并于 13 点 10

分飞机安全着陆，实现完美首飞。

在历时 2 小时 40 分钟的飞行过程中，飞行员测试了包

括通讯系统、导航系统、自驾系统等方面在内的 22 个项目，

飞行高度达到 41,000 英尺，测试结果令人满意，与此同时

来自巴航工业的飞行员和试飞工程师也对飞机的质量给予

了高度评价。

首飞结束后，这一架莱格赛 650 于次日转至生产部内设

团队进行内饰部分的组装。截至目前，内设团队已经完成了

厨房、前盥洗室、娱乐柜、后盥洗室以及客舱的侧壁架、书橱、

长沙发的安装和调试工作，同时窗户面板、帷幔板、客舱顶

板的安装、行李舱照配和板材贴皮以及最后的安装工作也已

经完成。

为了优化生产流程，内设团队合并了板材和家具部分

的安装工作，有效地缩短内设团队的工作周期，并为下一

步的工作奠定了坚实的基础。

飞机已于 12 月月底转至生产部喷漆团队进行喷漆。

“我的工作是为内设站位的制造工程师提供技术支持，

与此同时我也为所有参与飞机生产过程的团队提供必要的

支持。哈尔滨安博威的员工，这些我的中国朋友，学习知

识的欲望非常强烈，我也从他们身上学到了很多。感谢公

司能给我提供这样一个平台，让我有机会和他们交流，拥

有一段美好的体验！”

- 巴航工业总部技术支持人员 Magno Moreno

The concept of air safety encompasses the theory, investigation

and categorization of aviation incidents and accidents and the

prevention of such events through regulation, education and training.

HEAI organized its 6th Air Safety Week training from November

3-7. The initiative promotes and enhances HEAI employee air

safety culture to ensure the highest possible flight safety through the

manufacturing cycle and for the operational life of HEAI products.

During the training period, Mr. Renan (Embraer Air Safety Engineer),

Mr. Gao Jianmin (Embraer China Air Safety Representative) and Wu

Zuojun (HEAI Air Safety Engineer) gave several lectures relating

to air safety. They included Embraer Prevention Reports, ERJ145

Family Summary of Relevant Safety Events, CAAC History and

Current Organization, ERJ145 Runway Excursion Safety Events and

How to Prevent Human Error in Aviation Accidents.

Mr. Renan also conducted an ICAO SMM (Safety Management

Manual, third edition, 2013) internal audit. Several processes were

audited including deployment of air safety policy and objectives,

air safety risk reporting & identification, assessment and mitigation,

aircraft emergency response, training and competence, and air safety

management review. The audit found no deficiencies.

安博威第六次飞行安全周培训及飞行安全管理体系内审

HEAI 6th Air Safety Week and SMM Internal Audit

飞行安全的概念包含航空事故症候和事故的理论、调

查和分类以及通过规章、教育和培训从而达到预防

事故的目的。

为不断提升和增强哈尔滨安博威员工的飞行安全文化

意识，并保证飞机在制造周期内的飞行以及交付以后的飞

行达到卓越的安全水平，11 月 3 日至 11 月 7 日，哈尔滨安

博威组织了第六次飞行安全周培训活动。

在此次培训中，来自巴航工业的飞行安全工程师 Renan

先生，巴航工业大中华区飞行安全代表高建民先生和哈尔

滨安博威飞行安全工程师吴作钧对哈尔滨安博威员工提供

了有关飞行安全的培训，包括：巴航工业飞行安全预防报告，

ERJ145 机队相关安全事件概述，中国民用航空局的历史和

当前的组织结构，ERJ145 跑道偏移安全事件以及如何避免

航空事故中的人为差错。

此外，Renan 先生在此期间根据飞行安全管理手册

（SMM, 2013, 第三版）的要求，对哈尔滨安博威的飞行安

全管理体系进行了内部审核。过程包括：飞行安全方针和

目标展开、飞行安全风险报告以及识别、评估和缓解、飞

行事故紧急响应、培训和能力、飞行安全管理评审等。审

核过程中没有发现不符合项。

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E-Jets E2 全新的客舱内饰 Power of Two

Don't think of the E2 interior concept as a mere evolution of Embraer's E-Jet cabins – rather it is an all-new blueprint for the next generation

Embraer passenger experience. From the moment you step on board, you are immersed in an environment that has been designed to be

uniquely Embraer, and to maintain and strengthen the Brazilian airframer's strong position in the 70-130 seat narrow-body market.

亚当 • 加文（Adam Gavine），Aircraft Interiors International Magazine Adam Gavine, Aircraft Interiors International Magazine

巴航工业 E-Jets E2 系列飞机的客舱设计理念绝不是以当代 E- 喷气系列飞机客舱为基础，进行简单的更新换代，而是构

建了新一代巴航工业飞机乘坐体验的全新蓝图。自登机之时，乘客将完全沉浸于独具巴航工业特色的客舱环境之中。

E-Jets E2 全新的客舱设计将进一步巩固巴航工业在 70 至 130 座级飞机市场的领先地位。

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A small but vital element of the swift reconfiguration capability is a

reconsidering of PSU design. Whether you wish to add or remove

premium seats, or alter economy seat pitch – perhaps to accommodate

extra legroom seats – the innovative PSU design makes the process

simple, and gives each passenger in every class their own PSU directly

overhead, complete with reading light, oxygen mask and air vent.

When seats are moved forward or backward for a cabin reconfiguration,

engineers need only slide the PSUs developed with Diehl – along a

concealed rail into the optimal position and clip in an infill panel to

restore the clean look overhead. It is clear to see that the styling of the air

vent and its control wheel was inspired by automotive cockpit vents.

This approach to PSU design is the first of its kind, and in addition to

its benefits for operators, it means passengers don't have to reach over

their neighbor to use the units, giving every passenger on board a defined

personal space.

As Daniel MacInnes, Priestmangoode's project head for E2, explained

during our tour of the cabin mock-up at Farnborough International

重新设计 PSU 对于快速实现重新构型作用看似微小

但实则至关重要。无论是增加还是移除商务舱座椅，或

是调整经济舱座椅间距以扩大乘客的腿部活动空间，创

新的 PSU 设计使得一切变得简单易行，也使得在每位乘

客顶部行李舱壁板安装独立的阅读灯、氧气面罩和通风

口成为可能。

当进行客舱重新构型需要向前或向后调整座椅时，

工程师们只需沿着隐藏的滑槽将与 Diehl 公司共同开发

的 PSU 移动到最佳位置，铺上顶板，即可恢复整个客舱

顶板的干净整齐。通风口及其调整滚轮的设计灵感源自

汽车驾驶室的设计。

E-Jets E2 PSU 的设计方法开启了业内先河，而受益

的不仅仅是运营商们，乘客也无需将手伸到邻座调整有

关控件，得以独享个人专属空间。

普睿谷设计公司 E-Jets E2 项目负责人丹尼尔 • 麦克

因斯（Daniel MacInnes）在 E-Jets E2 客舱实体模型亮相

英国范堡罗国际航展期间表示，“PSU 是我们切实希望

卓越的个人体验 Personal Service

历时两年，在巴航工业工程团队与普睿谷设计公司

（Priestmangoode）的共同努力下，E-Jets E2 全新客舱内

饰惊艳问世。巴航工业对包括侧壁板、客舱顶板、客舱

行李架、乘客服务组件（PSU）、灯光、机载娱乐系统

（IFE）、座椅、厨房和盥洗室等各方面进行了一系列创

新设计，不仅全面提升乘坐体验，同时也有助于实现更

为高效、便捷的维护。客舱设计的另一个主要特色是整

个客舱的模块化设计，有利于以较低成本实现重新构型，

这是备受银行和租赁公司等目标客户群体青睐的因素。

巴航工业商用航空市场战略部安德烈 • 斯坦恩

（André Stein）解释道，“公司旨在将 E-Jets E2 的客舱

设计打造成新一代窄体客机客舱内饰的标杆。同时，鉴

于租赁公司在市场中的地位日益凸显，我们也希望研发

出模块化的客舱设计，因此，最大程度降低客户化定制

客舱的负担，快速完成客舱重新构型尤为重要。”

The cabin design has been created over the past two years in a close

partnership between Embraer's in-house engineering team and the

Priestmangoode design agency, with a brief for the E2 to achieve clear

differentiation from its competitors. This really is a clean-sheet approach,

with everything from the sidewall panels, ceiling panels, overhead

bins, PSUs, lighting, IFE, seating, galley and lavatory all conceived to

enhance the passenger experience and make the E2 an efficient aircraft

to maintain. Key to this second factor is that the entire cabin is modular,

allowing for quick and low-cost reconfiguration – attractive qualities to

the key customer demographic of banks and leasing companies.

As André Stein from Embraer's commercial aviation market intelligence

department explains, “We want E2 to be the benchmark for the next

generation of narrow-body cabins. We also wanted to have a more

modular cabin, particularly as leasing companies are becoming more and

more relevant in our market. Being able to play with different interiors

without the burden of customization was a big deal for us.”

能够实现的设计，它能够极大地简化飞机的重新构型。

由于 PSU 可沿着局部滑槽移动，因此飞机重新构型时

无需移动客舱行李架。在我个人看来，这是 E-Jets E2

客舱最重要的核心特色。巴航工业热衷于尝试全新的

理念，也乐于突破各种设计理念的局限性。”

Airshow, “The PSU is something we're really keen on pushing and it makes

it so easy to reconfigure the aircraft. You don't have to move the stowage

bins, as the PSUs move along a localized strip. It's a key feature of the E2

cabin for me, more than anything else. The keenness of Embraer to try

something new has been fantastic; they're willing to push the boundaries of

what they want from an aircraft.”

The idea of simple modification and maintenance was also carried through

to the ceiling, which MacInnes describes as 'a wow feature' in terms of both

styling and function. The ceiling undoubtedly looks very cool – almost Tron-

like with the mock-up's LED lighting set to an electric blue – and the panels

can be pulled down to give maintenance crews easy access to electricals and

pipes, and replaced just as easily.

The team has been working with Zodiac Aerospace on the ceilings, and they

have also strived to give the ceilings in the work areas a cleaner look than those

of the first E-Jet. At the rear of the cabin, by the lavatory, where exit signs,

work lights and speakers were scattered around the ceiling area in the E-Jet,

they are now all integrated into a single ceiling pelmet for a cleaner aesthetic,

with a technology strip that again eases access to electrical components and

pipework.

Thoughts from Above酷炫的舱顶设计

改装和维护便利化的理念也融汇贯通于客舱顶板

的设计。麦克因斯认为这是 E-Jets E2 客舱设计风格和

功能的一大亮点。客舱顶板不仅外形酷炫——如实体

模型所展示，客舱顶板在 LED 灯光的映衬下，令人仿

佛置身科幻巨作《创战纪》的场景中——还可实现快

速拆卸，便于维修人员维修和更换电子组件和管道。

项目团队与佐迪亚克航宇公司（Zodiac Aerospace）

密切合作，进一步完善 E-Jets E2 飞机机组人员工作区

域的顶板设计，将原先分散于 E- 喷气系列飞机客舱尾

部近盥洗室的紧急出口标志、工作指示灯及扬声器集

成于一个顶板组件中，令 E-Jets E2 客舱顶板更为整洁

美观。同时，新的设计也为电气组件和管道预留了技

术滑槽，有利于这类组件和管道的维修和更换。

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Put it Away

The clean surfaces of the ceiling are complemented by the overhead

bin design, which blends with the ceiling pelmet to create a seamless

integration between bin and ceiling for a cleaner, more spacious looking

cabin as you enter the aircraft – whether the bins are open or closed. The

effect is accentuated by the open design of the bin dividing walls, which

extend the sightline down the cabin upon boarding. The effect really

works, giving a surprisingly open, spacious and welcoming feel for a

narrow-body aircraft.

More surprising is that while the bins look sleeker than the current E-Jet

units, they actually have around 40% more capacity, without taking any

extra cabin space. This means that every passenger can stow a typical

airline carry-on bag (of IATA's maximum recommended size of 22 x 18

x 10in). In the current E-Jet bins, bags are typically stowed sideways, but

in the new design, four bags can be stowed wheels-first in each bin.

Embraer, Priestmangoode and ZEO are currently halfway through the

development program for the stowage bins and are confident the final

design will be faithful to the mock-up.

The overall push for modularity is explained by Embraer's Stein: “We

got the designers together with our engineering team to make sure the

cabin design was really functional and robust, and easy to maintain. The

整合设计

Embraer engineering team was involved from the beginning and they

came up with some clever solutions to make access to the systems behind

easier. Sometimes it's easy to make something that looks good, but this

cabin combines form and function. The main drivers were increasing

personal space and stowage space, without compromising cabin space.

That was a big challenge, but we managed to do it and came up with

some very clever solutions to make better use of the space. Our engineers

came up with good solutions behind what you see, to make sure all the

systems are updated and maximize the use of the space.”

顶板干净整洁。无论是开启还是闭合状态，客舱行

李架均能与顶板实现完美衔接，令整个客舱空间感觉更

加轩敞。行李架采用开放式的隔板设计，延伸了乘客登

机时由上至下的视觉感受，进一步强化了客舱的空间感。

所有这些都让客舱看起来更为开放、宽敞，给予乘客宾

至如归的亲切感受。

更令人惊喜的是，E-Jets E2 的客舱行李架不仅在

外观上较当代 E- 喷气系列飞机的行李架更为整洁美观，

同时在未占用任何额外客舱空间的情况下，比当代 E-

喷气系列飞机头顶行李舱空间大近 40%。这表示，每名

乘客能够携带（国际航空运输协会（IATA）推荐的最大

尺寸（22*18*10 英寸）的登机行李箱。E-Jets E2 行李

架纵深增加，行李箱滚轮朝内时，每个行李架可容纳四

个行李箱。

巴航工业、普睿谷设计公司和佐迪亚克航宇公司目

前已经完成约 50% 的行李舱研发工作，并且坚信最终的

设计能够完美呈现实体模型展示的效果。

巴航工业斯坦恩介绍了模块化设计的整体推进情

况 ：“我们将普睿谷设计公司的设计师们和公司的工程

团队聚集在一起，确保客舱设计在功能性、坚固性和易

维护性都能实现最佳效果。公司的工程团队自项目启

动之初即参与了客舱内饰的设计工作，提出了许多后

期维护时能够巧妙地进入客舱内饰系统的设计方案。

提升美观性很容易，然而飞机客舱应该是集美观与功

能于一体。我们的目标是在不占用客舱空间的同时，

增加乘客的个人空间和行李存储空间。这是一项巨大

的挑战，但是我们做到了，并且设计出了许多能够更

好地利用客舱空间的方案。工程师们想出了众多优秀

的解决方案，确保飞机采用的是最新的系统、客舱空

间的利用也最大化。”

E-Jets E2 系列飞机可选择经济舱与超级经济舱或

商务舱的组合客舱布局。普睿谷设计公司携手加利福

尼亚州的 Aero Seating Technologies (AST) 公司研发

了两套商务舱座椅布局方案。AST 公司为巴航工业控

股子公司，为巴航工业世袭 1000E 超大型公务机座椅

供应商。方案一是采用乘客熟悉的、当代 E- 喷气系列

飞机 2-1‘可伸缩’躺卧式座椅配置。采用该布局时，

E-Jets E2 与当代 E- 喷气飞机系列的显著差异在于，无

需改装单张座椅上方的客舱行李架，因此保持了外观

的整洁和一致性。

商务舱 Premium Class

In keeping with the flexible theme of the E2, the cabin can be configured

to include any combination of economy, economy plus, or a premium

class. For the latter, Priestmangoode has developed two options with

California-based Aero Seating Technologies (AST), a company in which

Embraer is a shareholder, and which already supplies seats for Embraer's

Lineage business jet. The first option is a 2-1 configuration with ‘lazyboy’

recliners, a layout that will be familiar to current E-Jet flyers. The big

difference is that the E2 cabin does not require any bin modifications on

the single side, thus maintaining the clean and consistent appearance.

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与当代 E- 喷气系列飞机相同，E-Jets E2 飞机经济

舱将保留 2+2、无中间座的座椅布局。新的客舱设计中，

座椅紧靠机身，宽 18.5 英寸，比当代 E- 喷气系列飞机

上的宽大座椅还要宽 0.2 英寸。可供选择的薄型座椅间

距为 28 至 36 英寸（由于采用了 PSU 可轻松调节座椅

间距），目前佐迪亚克航宇公司运用巴航工业提供的数

据研发薄型座椅。截至目前，研发工作已经进行了三个

月。巴航工业表示，原型设计基本可以说明最终的产品

样式。

As with the current E-Jet, the E2's economy seats are two-by-two, as

passengers appreciate that every seat is either a window or aisle seat. By

pushing the seats as close to the fuselage as possible in the new cabin, they

are now 18.5in-wide – 0.2in wider than the E-Jet's already generous seats.

The slimline seats can be fitted at a 28-36in pitch (which can be changed

easily, thanks to those trick PSUs), and are being developed with Zodiac

using Embraer's data. The seats are currently three months into development,

although Embraer says that the prototype designs are indicative of the final

production version.

The legs of the seats have been designed to

look more like a piece of furniture, and as

there are no under-seat support rails, there is

more space to stow cabin baggage or stretch

out legs. Further elegance is achieved by

creating a two-part molding on the side of

the seat to make it appear as thin as possible.

The backshell is also slimmed down and has

the minimum of parts for a clean appearance.

经济舱 Economy Offer

方案二则截然不同 ：采用交错座椅排列布局，座

椅间距达 50 英寸，大大提升窄体飞机商务舱的现代感

和品质感。同时，座椅设计也完全为可选装项目，航

空公司可以在不进行大量定制的情况下，自由灵活的

进行客舱设计。该方案的核心是个性化，而不是客户

定制化。选用交错座椅布局的客户还可选装一体式工

作台、抽拉式抽屉和脚踏板。

交错座椅布局通过提升空间感和私密性，增加肩

部的活动空间，实现靠窗乘客的进出自如，强化了整

个客舱的视觉效果。

无论是选择 2-1 座椅布局还是交错座椅布局，商

务舱座椅与经济舱座椅都安装在相同的座椅滑槽上，

极大地简化了装配和维护工作，减轻了机体重量，同

时提高了客舱重新构型的效率和便捷性。

简而言之，E-Jets E2 商务舱客舱的确给人与高端

的品质感。正如麦克因斯所言，“我们在窄体客机的客

舱内营造出在宽体客机才能感受到的品质。”

The second option is something rather different: a staggered configuration

that adds a really modern, upscale appearance to the narrow-body

premium experience – as well as a 50in seat pitch. The seats have been

designed as a fully optionable product to offer airlines great flexibility to

put their stamp on the cabin without requiring extensive customization

– think personalization rather than customization. Options available to

staggered seat customers include a one-piece table, a pull-out drawer for

a laptop, and a leg rest.

The stagger also strengthens the premium feel by giving an enhanced

sense of space and privacy, more space around the shoulder area, easier

aisle access for window passengers, and cleaner sightlines.

Even better, whether you select a 2-1 or staggered layout, the premium

seats are mounted on the same seat tracks as the economy seats, which

simplifies fit-out and maintenance, saves weight, and makes any cabin

reconfiguration work quick and simple.

Overall, the space really does have a premium feel. As MacInnes says,

“We're giving some wide-body feel to a narrow-body cabin.”

座椅的腿部设计颇具家具风格，取消座椅中间支撑，为

乘客提供更大的行李存储空间或腿部活动空间。座椅后盖也比

当代 E- 喷气系列飞机上的更薄，组件更少，看起来更为整洁。

经济舱座椅可选装脚踏板、12 英寸或 9 英寸机载娱乐显

示屏或高端储物箱。另一项尚在研究中的座椅选装装置是在椅

背上安装能够吸附智能手机或平板电脑的静电板。目前，静电

板还在开发之中，其工作原理与壁虎脚趾的粘性相似：将设备

放在一个地方的时间越长，粘附力越强。这是一项非常规的座

椅功能选项，为解除一些乘客的担忧，巴航工业计划为静电板

添加支架，提高其安全性。若选装静电板，椅背区域还留有足

够的空间，可再安装储物袋及杂志收纳袋。

“我们已与佐迪亚克航宇公司合作，完成了 10% 的座椅开

发工作，在未来的一年里，我们将从各方面继续改进座椅，在

保留座椅原型各项特色的同时，让座椅更轻便、更稳固。”麦

克因斯解释道。

Options for the economy seats include a footrest, seatback bezels for a

12in or 9in IFE monitor, or a simple high-level storage compartment.

A really interesting option being investigated is an electrostatic pad that

can hold a smartphone or tablet on the seatback. The pad is currently

in development and works in a similar principle to the sticky pads on a

gecko's feet – the longer you keep a device in place, the stronger the grip

becomes. It is an unusual feature, and for those nervous of entrusting

their beloved device to the pad, Embraer is planning to add a small lip

for added security. If the pad option is selected, there is sufficient space

left on the seatback to also have an upper stowage pocket and a lower

literature pocket.

“We're 10% into the development work with Zodiac, and will be

making a lot of refinements to the seats over the next year to make them

as lightweight and robust as possible and to keep most of the prototype's

features.” explains MacInnes.

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盥洗室

总结

At Your Convenience

Conclusion

E-Jets E2 飞机还可在一号舱门选装模块化的厨房。设计团队认

为当代 E- 喷气系列飞机客舱登机口的任何地方都无法有效传递品牌

信息，因此，在 E-Jets E2 飞机上选装模块化的厨房是一个很好的解

决方案。航空公司可在厨房的一侧选装32英寸或36英寸大型显示屏，

显示公司 logo、航班信息、甚至是机上销售产品目录中的产品信息。

A further option is the modular galley, located at the Door

1 entrance. The design teams felt that there was nowhere at

the E-Jet entrance to give a strong branding message, and

decided that a plug-and play modular galley that is fully

optional and customizable was a good solution for the E2.

Airlines can put their branding down the side of the unit, or

can use an optional large display – 32in or 36in – to display

a logo, flight information, or even offers from the inflight

catalog.

All the electrics and hard points for the various options

will be fitted as standard to the galley units, so if the airline

decides after delivery that they want to add a display, it is

simple to retrofit and create that ‘wow’ entrance. The galley

unit is currently in development, but is expected to be ready

for manufacture within two years.

各种选装方案所需的所有电子组件和加强点将设计为厨房的标配

项目，因此如果航空公司在飞机交付后决定增加显示屏，对登机口进

行简单的改装即可实现令人眼前一亮的效果。该厨房设计目前还在研

发之中，有望于两年内投产。

Changing the size of the windows was not an option for the

E2 project, but Embraer did want to achieve a feeling that the

internal windows are larger. An optical illusion was created,

with the internal window increased in size and pulled further

inward, so passengers feel that the windows are bigger.

Again, the design goes deeper than clever styling. With

the E-Jet, if maintenance crew need to clean or repair the

window, they have to take the seats out and then the window

panels, and then put them back again, all of which takes up

valuable time on the ground. With the E2 windows, the bezel

simply pops out, so the window can be cleaned or repaired

and then clipped back in again.

Another interesting feature is the dots printed around the

glass. Many aircraft manufacturers have problems with

misaligned glass, which can mean that cabin trim can be

seen from outside. To solve this problem, Priestmangoode

employed a trick used in the automotive world, with

graduated dots printed on the back of the windscreen

covering up any minor misalignment. It's a simple but

effective solution.

舷窗

Bright Outlook The walls of the lavatories have been pushed back to create more space

and remove dirt traps, and the fittings were inspired by contemporary hotel

bathroom design – especially the tiled back wall. The feeling created is

more homely and contemporary than that of a typical ‘white box’ lavatory,

and the back wall is a customizable part, which could feature a bright color,

a pattern, a logo – whatever the customer wants. Fittings include a mirror,

an air purifier, a touchless soap dispenser and a touchless faucet.

There are also integrated handrails for PRMs, and to further help such

passengers, an acoustic curtain can be drawn across the entrance area to

create a larger, private and soundproof space for accessing the lavatory.

登机口 A Grand Entrance 舷窗的另一个有趣特色是玻璃周围的圆点。许多飞

机制造商无法解决玻璃错位问题，也就是说能从飞机外

部看清客舱内部情况。为了解决这个问题，普睿谷设计

公司采用了汽车行业通常采用的解决方案，即在挡风玻

璃背面喷涂分层小圆点，掩盖玻璃的错位部分。这是一

个简单但高效的解决方法。

盥洗室的墙板后移，增加了盥洗室空间，移除了集

污器。盥洗室内设施的灵感则源自酒店现代化的卫浴设

计，特别是铺贴瓷砖的背墙，与常规的“白盒子”盥洗

室相比，更显现代化、家居式舒适温馨。同时，客户还

可对背墙进行个性化设计，譬如选用明亮的色彩、图案、

公司标识等客户想要展示的元素。盥洗室设施包括镜子、

空气净化器、感应式皂液器和水龙头。

盥洗室还为 PRM 设计了集成式扶手，为了进一步帮

助这类乘客，还设计了隔音帘，将盥洗室与入口区分隔开，

为这类乘客打造更为宽敞、私密、隔音的盥洗室空间。

普睿谷设计公司为 E-Jets E2 飞机进行了一系列细节

设计，包括行李舱把手、厨房门闩和盥洗室设施。这些

巴航工业特有的高端项目有助于营造一致的客舱体验。

正如普睿谷设计公司丹尼尔 • 麦克因斯所说，“所有

这些部件将成为巴航工业飞机的专属品质，如波音公司

的品牌接触点一样，所有这些细节融合起来，成为巴航

工业的象征。”

It's a great design, and as the cabin is currently in the CDR phase, with

design freeze expected by the end of the year, the cabin you see here is

likely to be very similar to that of the first E190-E2 when it launches in

early 2018. Indeed, according to MacInnes, the floor-to-floor elements are

90% complete.

And most importantly, Embraer and its customers are happy with the E2 cabin.

As Stein states, “We have been getting very positive feedback for the concept,

from operational people as well as senior management. In terms of the concept,

we're nearly there. It's just a matter of doing some fine-tuning and development,

but we're going in the right direction.”

设计 E-Jets E2 的客舱时并无计划改变舷窗的尺寸，但巴航工业

的工程师们希望当乘客乘坐在客舱内是，内部舷窗看起来更大的效

果。为此，采用了一种视错觉原理，增加内部舷窗尺寸的同时，将

舷窗向内侧拉进，由此达到乘客感觉舷窗比原来更大的效果。

E-Jets E2 舷窗还蕴含着更为巧妙的设计。在当代 E- 喷气系列飞

机上，如果维护人员需要对舷窗进行清洁或维修，他们需要先将座椅

和舷窗壁板取出，完成舷窗清洁或维修后再将按顺序安装回去，时间

较长。而在 E-Jets E2 系列飞机中，舷窗窗框外凸，便于舷窗的清洁或

维修以及之后的安装。

这是一项伟大的设计。目前，E-Jets E2 客舱设计正

处于关键设计评审（CDR）阶段，有望于今年年底最终

定型。而您所看到的实体客舱模型将类似于将于 2018 年

年初投入运营的首架 E190-E2 飞机的客舱。事实上，麦

克因斯表示，设计工作已完成 90%。

然而最重要的是，巴航工业和客户都对 E-Jets E2 的

客舱设计十分满意。正如斯坦恩所说，“我们就客舱内饰

设计理念得到了各个层面的积极反馈。我们已经基本完

成概念设计。余下的只是微调和开发的问题。最重要的是，

我们正沿着正确的方向前行。”

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支线航空遇上低成本　成就航企盈利新蓝海 Low-Cost Regional Airline:Blue Sea for Profit

受国内高铁连线成网的冲击及三公费用收窄的影响，国

内两舱客运需求下滑，而与此同时航空大众化的趋势

却日益明显。在民航局政策的鼓励下，国内低成本航空运营

蔚然成风。除了春秋航空外，西部航空、中国联合航空、首

都航空、华夏航空、成都航空纷纷宣布转型低成本，福州航

空、九元航空等新的低成本航空也正式成立。中国低成本航

空应该以何种模式经营成为众多航空公司及行业专家关注的

问题。

2014 中国航展期间，巴西航空工业公司发布《2014-2033

中国支线航空市场发展报告》，并提出了“支线低成本”的

全新理念。巴西航空工业公司大中华区商用飞机市场及销售

副总裁郭青向民航资源网表示，“中国国内低成本航空未来

的发展不在于传统的干线市场，而在于现在被忽视的支线市

场。”

支线航空 + 低成本，航企掘金的新蓝海

面对传统大型网络航空公司和高铁的双面夹击，低成本

航空公司期待开创一个能够降低成本、增加收入的全新商业

模式。

“全球低成本最开始都是起源于干线市场，低成本通过

降低票价刺激客量的增长，通过提高客座率增加收入，成本

方面通过提高飞机的利用率，摊薄成本。在国内的话，这两

个条件都不成立。一个是票价，在国内干线市场一条航线有

八九家航空公司在飞，大家都打折。另外干线市场大部分都

面临着高铁的直接竞争与冲击，票价一跌再跌。国内干线的

票价已经相当于国外低成本的票价，从票价上来说已经没有

降价的空间。成本方面，刚性成本很难降低，唯一的办法就

是通过提高飞机利用率来摊薄成本。干线市场没有时刻没有

航权，提高利用率无从谈起。对于低成本航空来说，进入这

些干线市场就失去了自己的竞争优势。”郭青认为。

巴航工业的调研数据显示，在国内支线票价比干线要高

出 20%，航空公司进入支线市场做低成本模式存在降价空间，

从当前国内的整体航空市场需求来看，存在着大量的支线航

空市场有待开发，同时民航局正在推动“普遍航空服务”计划，

这些都为支线低成本航空发展提供了良好的契机。

Regional Aviation plus Low-Cost –An Airline’s Blue Ocean Market-for-Profit

Sandwiched between traditional network airlines and high-speed rail, low-

cost airlines need to develop a brand new business model that can reduce

costs and increase revenue.

“Worldwide, the low-cost model originated in trunk markets which

stimulated growth in passenger volume by reducing fares, increasing

revenue by improving the load factor, and diluted costs by increasing

aircraft utilization. In China, however, the above conditions don't work

well. Take ticket prices, for example. Eight or nine airlines are flying

on one domestic trunk route and all offer discounts. Moreover, most of

these routes compete directly with high-speed rail, whose fares have been

gradually falling. There is no more room to reduce air fares any further.

Domestic trunk market airfares are equivalent to those of low-cost carriers

in foreign countries. Regarding cost, it's very hard to lower fixed costs

and the only way is to dilute those costs by increasing aircraft utilization.

Trunk markets have strict schedule and traffic rights, so it's impossible to

increase aircraft utilization. Thus, for low-cost carriers, accessing trunk

markets will weaken their competitive advantage,”Guo Qing said.

转载自民航资源网 作者 : 陈小坦

With the impact of high-speed rail networks and the tight

control of expenses for official receptions, vehicles and

overseas trips, domestic demand for first-class and business class

air travel has declined despite the increasing popularity of civil

aviation in China. Encouraged by CAAC policies, low-cost airlines

here are becoming more common. In addition to Spring Airlines,

China West Air, China United Airlines, Capital Airlines, China

Airlines and Chengdu Airlines have announced their transition to

low-cost carriers. New low-cost starts-ups include Fuzhou Airlines

and 9 Air. Both airlines and industry experts are debating how the

low-cost business model will find its place.

At Airshow China 2014, Embraer released its China Regional

Aviation Market Outlook (2014-2033) and introduced the new

concept of “low-cost regional aviation.” Mr. Guo Qing, Vice

President of Sales & Marketing, Commercial Aviation, Embraer

China, shared his views with CARNOC.com, “The future

development of low-cost aviation in China lies in the regional

aviation market, not in the traditional trunk market.”

大型支线飞机，赢得市场的利器

近十年，中国支线航空获得了快速发展。民航局数据显

示，2005 年中国共有支线机场 111 个，2013 年增加到 160 个；

支线航线数量也由 568 条增加到 1,512 条，占到国内航线数

量的 76% 以上。然而快速增长的数字却难掩亏损尴尬，关

于国内支线航空支线机场亏损的问题广受关注，数据显示目

前有近八成的机场处于亏损状态，甚至出现“一天进港 8 人，

出港 11 人”的情况。

高客座率和高飞机利用效率是航空公司降低成本的利

器。郭青认为，过去支线航空之所以难以盈利，是因为传统

的支线飞机运营成本较高。传统上的 50 座级支线飞机，单

From Carnoc.com by Xiaotan Chen

郭青 巴航工业大中华区商用飞机市场及销售副总裁

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30

A Differentiated Strategy – The Key to low-Lost Regional Airline Profit

Worldwide, there are some very successful low-cost regional airlines

such as JetBlue Airways of the USA. To compete with Southwest

Airlines, which has the most domestic flights in the USA, JetBlue

adopted a different strategy by deploying A320s on trunk routes

and ordering 100 Embraer E190s to introduce low-fare service on

many traditional regional routes. It served the smaller cities that

Southwest could not fly profitably. Azul Airlines of Brazil also

adopted the “low-cost regional” business model. For a long time,

TAM Airlines and GOL Airlines controlled 80% of Brazil's civil

aviation market. Azul has been developing second and third-tier

markets by introducing E190/195 jet with seat capacity that is more

suited to those city pairs. The number of Brazilian domestic air

routes increased from 594 in 2009 to 788 in 2011, a 33% increase in

two years, most of which were thanks to Azul.

The “low-cost regional airlines” concept is also on the radar of

Chinese airlines. As Guo Qing mentioned, both domestic low-cost

regional airlines and startup airlines are in contact with Embraer and

are looking forward to tapping the Blue Ocean market for profit with

differentiated aircraft and marketing strategies.

“It's the right time for regional airlines to adopt the low-cost

business model,” Guo Qing said, “With a large number of regional

airports in central and western parts of the country to be used, the

launch of the ‘Essential Air Service’ program, the gradual adoption

and improvement of various subsidy policies supporting regional

aviation, regional aviation will certainly grow in the future. And

regional airlines that adopt the low-cost business model will improve

connectivity in remote regions and make it more affordable for

people to fly.”

座运营成本比窄体客机高出 30%-45%，单位成本很难降低，

导致在支线上航空票价偏高。随着 70-130 座级的 E-Jets E2

新一代大型支线飞机的问世，支线飞机单座运营成本已经

与传统窄体飞机相差无几，能够支持航空公司降低票价并

且盈利。另一方面在支线市场上有空间有时刻有航权，航

空公司可以通过提高飞机利用率来摊薄成本。因而在支线

市场，低成本航空反而有更多的进入机会。

来自民航局的数据显示，目前在国内的定期航班中载

客量在 45-135 人之间的航班占到 62%，而国内支线航班中

70% 都在采用过大的飞机执飞，大量过大的窄体机被投入

到支线航线上，仅有 30% 由支线飞机执飞。由于机型过大

导致班次过低，抑制了支线市场的发展。

Embraer data show that domestic regional airfares are 20 percent higher

than those of trunk markets and airlines accessing regional markets with

low-cost operations have room for reducing fares. Based on current

overall domestic demand, there are a lot of regional aviation markets

to be tapped. The CAAC is promoting its “Essential Air Service”

program which provides an excellent opportunity for the development

of low-cost regional aviation.

2013年中国国内定期航线每班旅客人数

2013 Passenger Per Day Each Way (PDEW) of Domestic Scheduled Flights

差异化策略，低成本航空的致胜关键

从全球来看，已经有做的非常成功的支线低成本航空。

美国捷蓝航空（JetBlue）就是一家比较成功的案例。面对

西南航空这家美国最大的国内航线运营商的竞争，捷蓝航

空采用了差异化策略，在干线市场上使用 A320 飞机执飞，

同时订购 100 架巴航工业 E190，开辟了大量的传统支线航

线，在美西南飞不了的更小市场赢得了商机。巴西蔚蓝航

空（Azul）也是一家以“支线低成本”模式运营的航空公

司。长久以来巴西民航市场 80% 的份额一直都是由塔姆航

空（TAM）和戈尔航空（GOL）两家航空公司占有，而蔚

蓝航空通过采用适合座级的 E190/E195 机型，着力开发二三

线城市。巴西国内航线开通数量从 2009 年的 594 条增长至

2011 年的 788 条，两年时间增长 33%。其中增长部分的绝

大多数来自于蔚蓝航空的贡献。

而“支线低成本”理念也获得了国内航空公司的认同。

郭青透露，目前巴航工业和国内的低成本航空公司、新成

立的航空公司都在接触，这些航空公司期待通过机型的差

异化、市场的差异化，发掘盈利蓝海。

“支线航空做低成本正逢其时。”郭青表示，“随着大批

中西部支线机场投入使用，国家‘普遍航空服务’计划出台，

扶持支线航空发展的各项补贴政策逐步落实和完善，中国

的支线航空未来定会有更大的发展。而未来采用低成本模

式运营的支线航空公司，将会让偏远地区的通达性得到改

善，让更多的百姓坐得起飞机，坐得上飞机。”

improving aircraft utilization since the regional market has more

scheduled and traffic rights. Therefore, low-cost airlines have more

opportunities to enter into the regional market.

According to CAAC statistics, 62% of domestic flights carry between

45 and 135 passengers yet 70% domestic regional flights are flown

by jets that are too large. Only 30 percent of all flights are flown by

regional aircraft. Aircraft that are too large result in fewer market

frequencies and inhibit the development of regional aviation.

2013年中国国内航线每日单向旅客流量

2013 Passenger Per Day Each Way (PDEW) of Domestic Routes

Large Regional Aircraft - The Weapon to Win the Market

Regional aviation experienced rapid development in the past decade

in this country. According to CAAC statistics, the number of

regional airports increased from 111 in 2005 to 160 in 2013 while

regional routes also increased from 568 to 1,512. They now account

for 76% of domestic routes. Rapid growth, however, has not brought

profits. The financial losses at regional airports have raised concern.

Statistics show that nearly 80% of airports are suffering losses. There

are even extreme cases that report “8 arriving passengers and 11

departing passengers” at some airports.

High passenger load factors and efficient utilization of aircraft are

weapons for airlines to reduce costs. Guo Qing maintains that the

relatively higher operating costs of traditional regional aircraft make

it hard for regional airlines to earn profits. The operating cost per seat

of traditional 50-seat regional aircraft is 30-45% higher than that of

narrow-bodies and is hard to reduce. This results in relatively higher

fares for regional flights. The new generation of 70 to 130-seat

E-Jets E2 (large regional jets with a cost per seat almost equivalent

to traditional narrow-bodies) could help airlines reduce fares and

operate at a profit. On the other hand, airlines can amortize costs by

32 33

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关于我国支线航空发展和引入低成本模式的思考 Focus On the Development Regional Aviationand the Introduction of the Low-Cost Airline Model in China

巴西航空工业公司（简称“巴航工业”）在 2014

年珠海航展期间发布《中国支线航空市场发展

报告 2014-2033》，报告中提出“支线低成本”理念，

巴航工业认为：中国国内低成本航空未来的发展不在

于传统的干线市场，而在于现在被忽视的支线市场。

支线航空如何发展？低成本模式是否适合支线？笔者

想就此谈一些粗浅的思考，恳请各位读者斧正。

什么是支线航空？世界各国根据不同的航空指标

定义不同。大体上有三种定义版本。第一种机型定

义法（中国版）：使用 70 座以下涡桨飞机（如：新舟

60）和 50 座以下（如：ERJ145）各类飞机的航班为

支线航空；第二种距离定义法（美国版）：航线飞行

距离在 800 公里以下为支线航空；第三种网络定义法

（欧洲版）：除枢纽与枢纽之间以及大城市与大城市直

接的航空运输均为支线航空。支线航空市场多存在于

国内或区域性航线，加之以上全球三大国内（区域）

市场的对支线航空定义的差异，各国支线航空发展情

况很难有横向的可比性，但欧美支线航空的发达和我

国支线航空的落后却是无人质疑的事实。

我国发展支线航空的困难很多、因素复杂，但经

过科学分析、详加梳理，其市场潜力和经济价值还是

值得期待的。笔者想从以下四个方面摆出问题以及探

讨解决的思考。

作者简介 ：綦琦，广州民航职业技术学院副教授，中国航空运输协会专家委员（客运）、国际航空运输协会和中国航

空运输协会培训教员，民航资源网专业文章作者、环球旅讯评论员。

In Embraer's 2014-2033 China Market Outlook published during Airshow China 2014 in Zhuhai, the company highlighted the

concept of “low-cost regional aviation” and held that its future development in China lies in the neglected regional market rather than the traditional mainline market. Just how can regional aviation be developed? Is regional aviation suited for the low-cost model? I would like to share my opinions on these questions.

What is regional aviation? Definitions vary around the world. The first definition (applicable in China): scheduled flights of 70-seat turboprops (MA60) and 50-seat aircraft; the second definition is range (applicable in the USA): flight distance up to 800 km; and the third definition is network (applicable in Europe): all flights except those primarily at hubs and nonstop flights to/from major cities.As regional aviation exists mainly in domestic or regional routes (and considering the three largest domestic (regional) markets in the world have different definitions for regional aviation), it's hard to conduct a level country comparison of regional aviation development. However, it's a fact that regional aviation is well developed in the USA and Europe yet there is no doubt that it is clearly underdeveloped in China.

Despite complex challenges in developing regional aviation, scientific and detailed analysis shows that China has attractive market potential and economic value. I will put forward questions and share my opinions on solutions on the following four aspects.

About the author: Mr. Qi Qi is a Deputy Professor at Guangzhou Civil Aviation College, a Committee Member of the China Air Transport Association (CATA),and a teacher at IATA and CATA.

转载自民航资源网

1、支线航空市场范围界定混乱，急需管理部门

出台新定义和配套的相关差异性规范。

以机型定义支线航空市场易造成混乱，以南航执

行的广州 - 襄樊航线为例，依据我国民航现行对支线

航空市场的定义，该航线南航使用 A320 执行为干线，

而使用 ERJ145 执行则为支线。支线航空定义混乱的

直接后果是只能套用干线航空相关规范，从而引起管

理指标偏严、运营成本高企，极大削弱了我国支线航

空的自身盈利能力。应借鉴欧美关于支线航空的定

1. Confusing definitions require air transport authorities to issue a new definition and supporting regulations.

The definition of regional aviation by aircraft type easily leads to confusion.

Take China Southern Airlines' Guangzhou-Xiangfan route for example. It is

classified as a mainline route if flown by an A320 yet it becomes a regional

route if flown by an ERJ145. This muddled regional aviation definition is a

direct consequence of mechanically applying mainline aviation specifications.

This results in stricter management measurements, higher operating costs

and severely weakened profitability for China's regional carriers. Authorities

should put forwarda new regional aviation definition for the China that

From Carnoc.com

义，结合我国具体经济特征和支线航空发展特点提

出中国特色的支线航空市场范围新标准。在此基础

上制定出区别于国际航空和国内干线航空的准入程

序、运营标准、安全指标和管理规范，切实有效降

低支线航空的准入门槛和运作成本，吸引更多来自

地方、民间、外商的资本投资。建议我国支线航空

新定义：全部省内航线、跨省航线距离小于 800 公里、

年客运量在 3.6 万人次、每周至少 3 班。

2、转变现有支线航空发展思路，拓宽思路寻找

并激发潜在市场需求。

中国支线航空市场究竟在哪？依据干线航空市

场开发逻辑，航空运输运营成本高，运输产品价格贵，

消费市场应集中在经济发达地区，但事实证明了这

种照搬干线航空逻辑的思路是盲目的。目前在我国

还未能真正出现典型的支线盈利案例，绝大多数支

线航班运营还是依靠来自民航局和地方政府的补贴

来维持。建议应从比较分析区域内支线航空与现有

运输方式的综合成本（包括：时间成本、经济成本、

社会成本等）来评价支线航空市场潜力。纵观我国

区域性航空市场，支线航空潜在目标市场存在且不

局限于这四种需求：隔海峡的城市联通（如：烟台

- 大连）、多山省份市县联通（如：贵州省）、远距

离居民聚集区联通（如：内蒙古自治区）、资源型城

市人员通勤（如：克拉玛依）。不难发现，在以上这

些目标市场中支线航空同其现有运输方式具有显著

的综合成本比较性优势，航空是该区域综合成本最

低的运输方式。依照这一逻辑寻找合适的区域市场，

通过有效的营销手段加以启动，创造消费需求，释

放市场潜力。

takes into account the country's economic and social features and references

regional aviation definitions in the USA and Europe. With a more accurate

definition, special regulations should be made for market entry procedures,

operating standards, safety indicators and management practices. These must

be distinguishable from international and mainline domestic airlines with the

objective of lowering market entry requirements and operating costs, and

attracting more local, private and foreign capital investment. A proposed revised

definition of regional aviation would be: all provincial and inter-provincial routes

with distances of fewer than 800km, 36,000 annual passenger traffic and at least

three flights per week per route.

2. Transform the current regional aviation model and stimulate potential market demand.

Where is China's regional aviation market? According to the logic of mainline

aviation, consumer demand is concentrated in economically developed regions

of the country where airline operating costs are higher and air transport is more

expensive compared to other modes. Yet reality has proven that applying the

logic of mainline aviation to regional aviation is blind. Currently, there is no

example of a profitable regional aviation sector in China – most regional airlines

rely on subsidies from the Civil Aviation Administration of China (CAAC) and

local governments. I propose to make a comparative analysis of the overall costs

of regional aviation and existing transport modes in specific regions (including

time costs, economic costs and social costs) to evaluate the market potential

for regional aviation. A general survey of China's regional aviation shows that

potential targets for regional demand includes (but is not limited to) cross-

strait cities (e.g., Yantai-Dalian), cities and counties in mountainous provinces

(e.g., Guizhou Province), residential areas with long-distance city pairs (e.g.,the

Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region) and resource-based cities with high

concentrations of commuters (e.g., Karamay.) It's not difficult to find that there

is a significant overall cost advantage for regional aviation compared to existing

transport modes in these target regional markets. Air transport has the lowest

overall cost in these regions. In short, potential regional markets can be identified

and unlocked with effective marketing to stimulate demand.

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3. Focus on regional aviation and choose the right regional aircraft type to reduce cost per seat.

Strictly speaking, China has no airline that truly specializes in regional

aviation. A general survey of markets with greater maturity in the USA and

Europe shows that many small and medium-sized airlines that specialize in

regional aviation often choose 100-seat jets and 50-seat turboprops to fly short-

haul routes and have a respectable economic gain. It's proposed that aviation

authorities here should explore the feasibility of developing the criteria for

market access by regional carriers, liberalizing the requirements (except for

safety standards) and encouraging airlines to choose mature Chinese regional

jets by means that include policy guidance or subsidies.

4. Actively promote low-cost regional aviation to reduce overall cost.

For the first time, Embraer's market outlook mentions that there have been

pioneers for the“low-costregional aviation” concept. It is a business model

that is emerging in the context of global low-cost aviation. An analysis of cases

of successful foreign regional airlines shows that they reduced overall cost in

different ways. Low costs are fundamental for regional aviation to survive.

Regional airlines introduced ways to reduce costs – eliminated on-board

service, bypassed traditional sales distribution channels, assigned one employee

to multiple tasks, and shortened ground time. Obviously, mainline airlines are

less willing to reduce costs by adopting these measures. Cost reduction is key

to the survival of regional airlines yet it simply means a profit gain for mainline

airlines. I suppose that Southwest Airlines, the pioneer of low-cost aviation in

the world, could create a low-cost regional carrier by applying regional airline

cost discipline to the mainline model. For example, its routes from Dallas

to Houston and San Antonio are typical intra-state regional city pairs. The

development of regional aviation is not about whether to duplicate the low-cost

model but how to apply the low-cost model to reduce overall cost.

In summary, we need to fully understand that the development of regional

aviation is an important measure in achieving the overall goal of becoming a

civil aviation powerhouse. It's an effective way to advance the country and to

strengthen its aircraft manufacturing industry, especially for civil aircraft. It's

also an efficient measure to improve people's travel conditions, especially for

those in the central and western regions. It's a long-term and arduous task for

China to develop regional aviation but it can be done with a focus on reducing

costs through innovative thinking.

3、专注支线航空市场，选择支线机型降低平均

每座小时成本。

从严格意义上说，我国还没有一家只做支线航空

的航空公司，幸福航空接近但不完全是。纵观成熟

度较高的美欧航空市场，存在众多只专注于支线航

空市场的中小型航空公司，它们往往采取 100 座级

的喷气式支线飞机和 50 座级的螺旋桨飞机来频繁执

行短航距的区域市场，并能以此获得合理的经济效

益。建议行业主管部门可探讨制定支线航空承运人

市场准入标准的可行性，除了安全标准不能降低之

外，其它条件均可放宽，并通过政策引导或货币补

贴等形式鼓励承运人使用国产的成熟支线机型。

4、积极推进支线低成本，全面降低支线航空综

合成本。

“支线低成本”理念在行业内早有先行者，此番

由巴航工业首次在行业发展报告中正式提出，可以

说“支线低成本”是在当下低成本航空风靡全球的

背景下应运而生的商业模式。通过分析国外支线航

空公司运营的成功案例发现，虽然方法各异但最终

都是压低综合成本。低成本是支线这一航空业态存

续的核心竞争力。没有空中服务、摆脱分销渠道、

采用一人多岗、实施快速过站等降低成本的方法均

是源自支线航空公司。对于降低成本的主观动力显

然是干线低于支线，成本对于干线是多少盈利而对

于支线是能否生存。笔者猜测 ：或许全球低成本航

空运营模式的鼻祖美国西南航空正是将支线航空的

成本控制法应用到了干线上而开创此模式，美国西

南航空首航的达拉斯到休斯顿和圣安东尼奥就是典

型的州内支线。支线航空发展已不是是否需要引入

低成本模式的问题，而是如何运用低成本模式思路

去降低综合成本的问题。

综上所述，我们应该充分认识到发展支线航空是

实现民航强国总体目标特别是落实“大众化”战略

的重要抓手，是助力我国做大做强航空制造业特别

是民机领域的有力支撑，是改善我国民众出行条件

特别是中西部地区的有效举措。我国发展支线航空

任重道远，发展支线航空的核心在于降低成本，降

低成本的办法源自创新思路。

Embraer China Airlines Pricing and Revenue Management Workshop

2014 年 10 月 27 至 28 日，巴航工业在京举办航空客运定

价与收益管理专题讲座。来自南航及南航新疆分公司、

海航集团、海南航空、天津航空、厦门航空、河北航空、国

航、祥鹏航空、奥凯航空、山东航空、青岛航空、龙江航空、

联合航空、苏通航空等十六家公司定价与收益管理部门的领

导和收益管理专员、民航科研机构研究员、多家航空专业媒

体等 60 多名嘉宾参加了此次专题讲座。

巴航工业特邀来自美国世博公司（Sabre）的资深定价与

收益管理咨询师为与会嘉宾介绍国际先进的运价与收益管理

方法、以及在中国运营环境中的应用建议。围绕航空公司商

务领域主要业务指标、航节 / 航段收益管理、低成本航空运

价与收益管理、减少收入流失及售卖商品和其他辅助收入等

问题，与会嘉宾与来自世博公司的咨询师、巴航工业市场战

略部的代表们展开了深入的探讨。

巴航工业大中华区商用飞机市场与销售副总裁郭青认

为，目前国内航空运输市场正经历着前所未有的变化。市场

竞争越来越激烈，不断有新成立的航空公司，高铁迅猛发展

对航空市场带来巨大冲击，低成本航空的发展进一步加剧了

市场的竞争，造成了航空公司的票价水平不断下降。同时，

Embraer China organized its Airline Pricing and Revenue

Management workshop in Beijing on October 27 and 28, 2014.

The event was attended by some 60 representatives from the pricing

and revenue management departments of 16 airlines (including

China Southern Air Holding Xinjiang Company, HNA Group,

Hainan Airlines, Tianjin Airlines, Xiamen Airlines, Hebei Airlines,

Air China, Lucky Air, Okay Airways, Shandong Airlines, Qingdao

Airlines, Longjiang Airlines, United Airlines and Sutong Airlines) as

well as specialists from civil aviation research institutions and trade

media.

Embraer invited consultants from Sabre Airline Solutions (USA) to

introduce pricing and revenue management concepts. As a pioneer in

the business with decades of international experience, the team from

Sabre shared its views on the application of concepts for China's

airline industry.

Participants had in-depth discussions with the Sabre consultants

and representatives from the Embraer China marketing team.

They reviewed key business indicators, flight segment revenue

management, low-cost airline pricing and revenue management,

ways to reduce revenue loss and how to maximize revenue through

ancillary income channels, like selling products.

According to Guo Qing, Embraer China's Vice President of Sales

& Marketing for Commercial Aviation, air transport in China is

undergoing unprecedented change. Competition is intensifying.

There are more startup airlines, the rapid development of high-

speed rail is having a tremendous impact, and low-cost/low fare

carriers are creating a cut-throat environment. These things are

forcing airlines to reduce ticket prices. At the same time, social and

economic development and increasing personal income are changing

the profile of domestic air travelers. In the past, air travelers were

mainly business travelers. Today, the proportion of price-sensitive

passengers, such as tourists, is increasing.

Advances in internet technology and the popularity of smart phones

have changed how passengers buy tickets. New distribution channels

巴航工业航空客运定价与收益管理专题讲座

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make fares much more transparent which, in turn, makes passengers

more skilled when comparing fares and searching for bargains.

“These new changes require airlines to meet the needs of different

passengers by adjusting their pricing strategy in order to improve

company revenue in an increasingly competitive environment with

sophisticated pricing and revenue management tools.”Guo Qing

said.

“2014 marks Embraer's 14th year in China. Over the past decade,

Embraer has been actively taking part in the development of China's

aviation industry. Up to now, Embraer has booked firm orders for 216

aircraft for Chinese customer and over 150 jets have been delivered.

This has given the company over 80% share of China's regional

aviation market. Tianjin Airlines, China Southern Airlines, Hebei

Airlines, CDB Leasing and ICBC Leasing are now E-Jet customers.

As the world's leading manufacturer of commercial jets up to

130-seats, Embraerb is committed to promoting development of

world civil aviation which, of course, includes China. That is why

Embraer organized this workshop. We hope that by providing an

effective interactive platform for industry peers to share experiences,

we can determine pricing and revenue management strategies that

are applicable to the China market. Embraer is making every effort

to fulfill its commitment for sustainable development of China's air

transport market.”

随着社会经济的发展以及居民个人收入水平不断增加，国内

航空旅客的构成比例发生了较大的改变，由以商务旅客为市

场主体过渡到多种旅客成分并存的结构。如旅游客这种对价

格敏感的旅客的比例越来越高。

另一方面，互联网技术的发展和智能手机的普及带来了

旅客购票习惯和购票渠道的全新的变化，价格越来越透明，

新一代的旅客比较价格的能力和议价的能力越来越强。

“这些新的变化，客观上需要航空公司在定价策略上满

足不同层次旅客的需求，通过收益管理在日益激烈的竞争环

境中提高总体收入水平。”郭青表示。

“2014 年是巴航工业进入中国市场的第 14 个年头。这些

年来，巴航工业积极参与了中国航空业的发展。截止目前，

巴航工业在中国共获确认订单 216 架，其中交付 150 多架飞

机，在国内支线客机的市场份额超过 80%。其中，天津航空、

南方航空、河北航空、国银金融租赁、工银金融租赁都成为

了巴航工业旗舰产品 E- 喷气系列飞机的客户。

巴航工业不仅仅是全球 130 座级及以下商用飞机市场

的领导者，更致力于为促进全球民航事业的发展贡献一份

力量，在中国更是如此。这也是巴航工业举办本次讲座的

初衷，希望为业界同仁搭建一个有效的互动平台，通过汲

取国外的成功经验和理论，共同探讨适合国内市场的定价

策略和收益管理应用模式。巴航工业人用心践行在中国市

场持续发展的承诺。”

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Tel: 86-10-6598 9988Fax: 86-10-6598 9986E-mail: mirage.zhong@bjs.embraer.comwww.embraer.comwww.embraercommercialaviation.comwww.embraerexecutivejets.com

巴西航空工业公司大中华区驻场客户服务联系方式

驻天津航空有限责任公司

天津基地电话 ：86-22-5820 8515/6/7

传真 ：86-22-5820 8516

驻中国南方航空公司

广州基地电话 ：86-20-3606 7599传真 ：86-20-3606 7598

乌鲁木齐基地电话 ：86-991-3807 088传真 ：86-991-3807 088

驻河北航空有限公司

石家庄基地电话 ：86-311-8517 7375

Embraer China Customer Support & Services

Field Support for Tianjin Airlines Co., Ltd.Tianjin BaseTel: 86-22-5820 8515/6/7Fax: 86-22-5820 8516

Field Support for China Southern Airlines Co., Ltd. Guangzhou BaseTel: 86-20-3606 7599Fax: 86-20-3606 7598Urumqi BaseTel: 86-991-3807 088Fax: 86-991-3807 088

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巴西航空工业公司北京代表处

中国北京市朝阳区建国路 79 号华贸中心 2 号楼 1806 室邮政编码 ：100025电话 ：86-10-6598 9988传真 ：86-10-6598 9986E-mail: mirage.zhong@bjs.embraer.comwww.embraer.com.cnwww.embraercommercialjets.com.cnwww.embraerexecutivejets.com.cn