1. Find three articles that explain the Post Civil War
Industrial Revolution (or the Second Industrial Revolution or Post
Civil War Industrialization). Read a portion of each article and
write a brief summary of the Post-Civil-War Industrial
Revolution.
The United States territorial expansion led to a demand for
massive industry. The transcontinental railroad was essential in
creating industrial, modern cities. Following the completion of the
railroad, other important inventions followed, such as the the
telephone, lightbulb, typewriter, the elevator, structural steel,
the phonograph, and motion pictures. Title: The Second Industrial
Revolution, 1870-1914 ; Webiste:
ushistoryscene.comhttp://www.ushistoryscene.com/uncategorized/secondindustrialrevolution/
Petroleum, steel, and electric power became dominating
industries in the Post Civil War Industrial Revolution. Classes
became more defined. It became more popular to live in an urban
area rather than a rural one. While some prospered, laborers had
particularly low wages and farmers experienced a decrease in value
for their products. Title: Rise of Industrial America, 1876-1900 ;
Webstie:
loc.govhttp://www.loc.gov/teachers/classroommaterials/presentationsandactivities/presentations/timeline/riseind/
The railroad changed the economy of the United States, as did
new innovations. The upper class gained some important figures,
including John D. Rockefeller, Cornelius Vanderbilt, Andrew
Carnegie, and JP Morgan, who were played on monopolies, trusts, and
corporate integration. These robber barrons monopolized many
important markets and still have control over them today. Their
wealth seemed to have some aristocratic themes, being that they
were all impossibly rich, while their employees were getting barely
enough pay to survive. Title: The Industrial Revolution in America
; Website:
sageamericanhistory.nethttp://www.sageamericanhistory.net/gildedage/topics/railroads_industry.html
2. Find two pictures that represent the Post-Civil-War
Industrial Revolution. Paste both pictures and explain why they are
representative of the era.
This photo is a picture of the golden spike ceremony. The golden
spike was symbolic of the completion of the transcontinental
railroad. The completion of the railroad was a significant cause of
major economic development in the United States. Thus, it
represents the era.Title: The First Transcontinental Railroad;
Website: TCRR.com
Iron production was extremely important in the building of
modern cities. Skyscrapers and bridges made up industrial capitals,
and could not have been done without the production of iron. Title:
Civil War Industry and Manufacturing ; Website: New Georgia
Encyclopedia
3. Explain how iron is turned into steel.First, raw iron is
smelted, creating oxygen and producing carbon dioxide. A spongy
form of pure iron called slag is produced. Then, it must be heated
to extremely high temperatures. Then, the carbon is quickly
absorbed, iron starts to melt, and the carbon content lowers, for
steel it is between .2 and 1.5 percent, making the melting point of
iron lower.Title: A Brief History of Iron and Steel Production ;
Website: Anslem.edu
4. Why was steel important to the Post-Civil-War Industrial
Revolution?Bethlehem Steel was a big steel company that developed a
new process of making steel and focused on manufacturing ships and
naval armor, and construction beams for bridges and skyscrapers.
The companys high wages and benefits for its employees kept the
steel at a high price. Steel didnt become cheaper until Andrew
Carnegie started manufacturing it.Title: A Brief History of Iron
and Steel Production ; Website: Anslem.edu
5. Find a video that shows and explains the Bessemer Process.
Watch the video.https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_kSp5K70cYcTitle:
Manufacture of Steel by Bessemer Process ; Website: Youtube
6. Find a picture of Steel mill in Pittsburgh. Paste the
picture.
Title: Pittsburgh (Steel) Historical Marker ; Website:
explorepahistory.com
7. Find a map that shows the location of Pittsburgh. Paste
it.
Website: eachtown.com
8. Explain why Pittsburg was the steel center of the United
States.Pennsylvania steel built the Brooklyn Bridge, the George
Washington Bridge, the Chrysler Building, and the Empire State
Building. It had many steel mills that immigrants worked at, and
was also home to Andrew Carnegie, who founded an important steel
company. Title: Making Steel ; Website: explorepahistory.com
9. Find and paste a graph showing steel production from 1870 to
1900.
Website: authentichistory.com
10. Find a graph that shows the production of oil from 1870 to
1900.
Website: authentichistory.com
11. Why was Edwin Drake important?Edwin Drake was a prominent
oil driller in the United States, often given credit for being the
first. His innovation in finding oil founded the oil
industry.Title: Edwin Drake ; Website: wikipedia.org
12. What was petroleum used for prior to automobiles?Prior to
automobiles, petroleum was used to light kerosene lamps. Title: Ten
Things You Didnt Know About Oil ; Website: neatorama.com
13. Find a video that shows Henry Fords assembly line. Watch the
video.https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yK1j487IED0
14. Find and paste a graph or table that shows the United States
rural and urban population in 1870 and 1900. How did the nations
demographics change?
Both the rural and urban populations increased. In 1870, the
rural population was approximately three times the urban
population, however by 1900, the rural population had only
increased about 9 million, while the urban population had increased
by 16 million.Website: regentsprep.org
15. How many inventions were patented by Thomas Edison? What
were some of the most important?He patented 1,093 inventions. The
most important were the electrographic vote recorder, the automatic
telegraph, the electric pen, the phonograph, the carbon telephone,
the practical electrical lamp, the electrical lighting system, the
electrical generator, the motograph, fuel cell technology, the
universal stock printer, the ore separator, the kinetographic
camera, the alkaline battery, and cement. Title: 15 Inventions from
Thomas Edison that Changed the World ; Website:
businessinsider.com
16. Find a picture of Alexander Graham Bell and his most famous
invention. How and why did Bell create that invention?
Title: Alexander Graham Bell Using Telephone ; Website:
Inkarthttp://www.inkart.com/pages/people/Alexander_Graham_Bell.htmlBell
wanted to transmit telegraph messages over a wire and graphically
recording sound waves, hoping it would help his deaf students learn
how to speak. In regards to how he invented the telephone, Bell
said, If I could make a current of electricity vary in intensity
precisely as the air varies in density during the production of
sound, I should be able to transmit speech telegraphically. Title
Alexander Graham Bell ; Website: history.com
17.Find and paste a graph or table showing railroad mileage in
the United States from 1870 to 1900.
Website: wikibooks.org
18. Find and paste a picture of the downtown of a large U.S.
city in the 1890s. Why is this picture important? What does it tell
you? The picture describes Chicago and the modern city, it also
mentions the skyscraper, an important product of steel production.
; Websites: uchicago.edu ,
cuckmanchicagonostaglia.wordpress.com
19. Find a map that shows areas of industrialization and large
urban areas in the United States in 1900. Paste the map. What is
the implication of the map?
Industrialized areas were mainly in New England and the
Mid-Atlantic. Most areas, beside the frontier had sizeable
populations, and silver and gold mining was fairly
sporadic.Website: http://users.humboldt.edu/ogayle/Map1900.gif
20. Explain how important steel production was in Birmingham,
Alabama, after the Civil War. Why was Birmingham steel so
important? How did the work force in Birmingham steel differ from
the steel-factory workforce in the North?Birmingham had an
abundance of iron, ore, coal, limestone, and dolomite. Its lucky
geographic location allowed the lowest raw material assembly costs.
From 1880 to 1900 the district grew as rapidly as that of
Pittsburgh and Chicago. Unlike the north, Birmingham attracted many
employees who were freedmen and poor whites. Title: Iron and Steel
Production in Birmingham ; Website: enyclopediaofalabama.org