The Populists Part I. SCH Ch. 16. The Bourbon Democrats Wade Hampton is elected Governor – 1876 Wade Hampton is elected Governor – 1876 Former Confederate.

The PopulistsThe Populists

Part I.Part I.

SCH Ch. 16SCH Ch. 16

The Bourbon DemocratsThe Bourbon Democrats

Wade Hampton is elected Governor – Wade Hampton is elected Governor – 18761876 Former Confederate GeneralFormer Confederate General Did not believe in social equalityDid not believe in social equality Believed in political equalityBelieved in political equality

Conservatives/Democrats back in powerConservatives/Democrats back in power State budget was cut/low taxesState budget was cut/low taxes Interested in bringing back (redeeming) the Interested in bringing back (redeeming) the

old southold south

Industry in SCIndustry in SC

Cotton prices fellCotton prices fell Textile Mills were built because of…Textile Mills were built because of…

cheap labor and no labor unionscheap labor and no labor unions Mills moved southMills moved south

Cotton seed oil, Phosphates Cotton seed oil, Phosphates (fertilizer), and Lumber became big (fertilizer), and Lumber became big industries industries

Voting RightsVoting Rights

The Eight Box law and Poll taxes The Eight Box law and Poll taxes were used by Democrats to were used by Democrats to disfranchisedisfranchise blacks blacks

Gerrymandering was used to draw Gerrymandering was used to draw one congressional district where one congressional district where blacks had the majorityblacks had the majority

Women begin to push for suffrage Women begin to push for suffrage but SC doesn’t support itbut SC doesn’t support it

The PopulistsThe Populists

Part II.Part II.

SCH Ch. 16SCH Ch. 16

The FarmersThe Farmers

Small farmers were in debt due to Crop Small farmers were in debt due to Crop Lien laws – bank owned cropLien laws – bank owned crop

Cotton prices fell due to foreign Cotton prices fell due to foreign competitioncompetition

Farmers in debt planted even more cotton Farmers in debt planted even more cotton (they thought it meant more $$$)(they thought it meant more $$$)

Farmers couldn’t pay taxes – foreclosureFarmers couldn’t pay taxes – foreclosure Army worms and Army worms and Boll Weevils Boll Weevils ate cottonate cotton

The FarmersThe Farmers

The Grange – farmers got together to The Grange – farmers got together to talk about issuestalk about issues

The Farmer’s Alliances – 1880s The Farmer’s Alliances – 1880s wanted to change the money supplywanted to change the money supply

1890s Populists Party (small farmers) 1890s Populists Party (small farmers) organized to deal with issuesorganized to deal with issues

Populist PartyPopulist Party

Supported banking, railroads, federal Supported banking, railroads, federal farm loans, secret ballot, graduated farm loans, secret ballot, graduated income taxincome tax

Also, 8 hour work day and restrict Also, 8 hour work day and restrict immigrationimmigration

Ben TillmanBen Tillman

Gov. 1890-1894 then elected US Gov. 1890-1894 then elected US Senator in 1894Senator in 1894

Platform was based on racism & Platform was based on racism & white supremacy white supremacy

Violence and lynching occurred – Violence and lynching occurred – Blacks were intimidated Blacks were intimidated

Clemson College 1889Clemson College 1889

Tillmanites vs. Conservatives Tillmanites vs. Conservatives (Bourbons) (Bourbons)

No agricultural college in SCNo agricultural college in SC Thomas G. Clemson (John C. Thomas G. Clemson (John C.

Calhoun’s son-in-law) gave land for a Calhoun’s son-in-law) gave land for a land grant collegeland grant college

Taught crop management Taught crop management 1895 creates Winthrop1895 creates Winthrop

The Temperance MovementThe Temperance Movement

Some wanted total Some wanted total prohibition/Tillman did notprohibition/Tillman did not

Push to outlaw alcohol ended with Push to outlaw alcohol ended with Tillman giving control of sales to the Tillman giving control of sales to the SC DispensarySC Dispensary

Constitution of 1895Constitution of 1895

Tillman wanted to replace 1868 Tillman wanted to replace 1868 Const.Const.

It established…It established… poll tax to be paid 6 months in advance poll tax to be paid 6 months in advance

of electionof election Separate schools for blacks and whitesSeparate schools for blacks and whites Jim Crow laws Jim Crow laws