The Pharynx (Anatomy of the Neck)

PHARYNX(Page 117)

Dr.Sherif Fahmy

Shape & ExtensionsShape: Funnle-shaped.Extensions:

- Above: base of skull.- Below: Esophagus at level of C6

vertebra.Length: 5 inchesDiameter: 3.5 cm at upper end & 1.5 cm at lower end. Dr.Sherif Fahmy

Parts of Pharynx•1- Naso-pharynx•2- Oro-pharynx•3- Laryngo-pharynx

Dr.Sherif Fahmy

Naso-pharynx

oro-pharynx

Laryng-pharynx

Soft palate

Epiglottis

Larynx

Sagittal Section

Dr.Sherif Fahmy

Relations of pharynxDr.Sherif Fahmy

Larynx

Nasal cavity

Oral cavity

Dorsum of tongue Upper 6 cervical vertebrae

Anterior & Posterior Relations

Dr.Sherif Fahmy

Lobe of thyroid glandCommon carotid

art.

Styloid apparatus

Lateral Relations

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Layers of Wall of pharynx1- Mucosa.2- Submucosa.3- Pharyngo-basilar fascia.4- Muscle layer.5- Buccopharyngeal fascia.

Dr.Sherif Fahmy

Muscles of PharynxA- Constrictor musclesB- Longitudinal muscles

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Constrictor Muscles(Page 119)

Dr.Sherif Fahmy

Crico-pharyngeus m

Thyro-pharyngeus m3- Inferior

Constrictor m

Cricoid

Thyroid

Hyoid

Stylohyoid lig.

2- Middle constrictor m

Pterygoid hamulus

Pterygo-mandibular lig.

1- Superior constrictor m

Pharyngeal tubercle

Pharyngeal raphe

Dr.Sherif Fahmy

Gaps Between Constrictor Muscles

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Cricoid

Thyroid

Hyoid

Tensor palati m.Auditory tube

Tensor palati m.

Stylopharyngeus m.

Glossopharyngeal nerve

Superior laryngeal art.Internal laryngeal nerve

Thyro-hyoid membrane

Dr.Sherif Fahmy

Dr.Sherif Fahmy

Longitudinal Muscles of Pharynx

• 1- Stylo-pharyngeus muscle• 2- Palato-pharyngeus muscle• 3- Slapingo-phryngeus muscle

Dr.Sherif Fahmy

Auditory tube

Salpingo-pharyngeus m.

Soft palate

Palato-pharyngeus m

Stylo-pharyngeus m

Thyroid cartilage

Wall of pharynx

Styloid process

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Cavity of Pharynx

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Naso-pharynx

oro-pharynx

Laryng-pharynx

Soft palate

Epiglottis

Larynx

Sagittal Section

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A- Naso-pharynx1- Boundaries.2- Communications.3- Internal features.

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Naso-pharyngeal tonsil

Opening of auditory tube

Tubal elevation

Salpingo-pharyngeal foldPharyngeal recess

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B- Oro-pharynx1- Boundaries.2- Communications.3- Internal features.

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Palatine tonsil

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Palatine tonsils

Palato-glossal fold

Palato-pharyngeus fold

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Uvula (median part of soft palate)

Palato-glossal fold

Palato-pharyngeal fold

Palatine tonsil

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Palatine Tonsil(Page 124)

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Palatine tonsil

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Relations of Palatine Tonsil

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Palatine tonsil

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Palato-glossal fold

Palato-pharyngeal fold

Palatine tonsil

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Intra-tonsillar cleft

Tonsillar crypts

capsule Superior constrictor m.

Paratonsillar vein

Facial art.

Ascending palatine art.

I.C.A.

Medial

Dr.Sherif Fahmy

Arterial supply of palatine tonsil:1- Tonsillar branch of facial artery.2- Ascending pharyngeal artery.3- Ascending palatine artery.4- Lesser palatine artery.5- Dorsal lingual arteries from lingual artery.

Nerve supply:1- Glossopharyngeal nerve.2- Lesser palatine nerve.Lymph drainage:1- Jugulo-digastric nodes.Surface anatomy:- Oval area on ramus of mandible, above and infront angle of mandible. Dr.Sherif Fahmy

C- Laryngo-pharynx1- Boundaries.2- Communications.3- Internal features.

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Posterior view

Posterior wall of pharynx (Cut)

Piriform recess

Inlet of larynx

Pathway of food during swallowing

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Waldeyer’s Ring of Lymphoid Tissue

• 1- Nasopharyngeal tonsil• 2- Palatine tonsils• 3- Lingual tonsil• 4- Tubal tonsils

Dr.Sherif Fahmy

Palatine tonsil

Naso-pharyngeal tonsil

Tubal tonsil

Lingual tonsil

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Arterial Supply of Pharynx• 1- Ascending pharyngeal artery.• 2- Ascending palatine artery.• 3- Pharyngeal branch from maxillary artery.

• Pharyngeal plexus:• 1- Pharyngeal branch of glosso-pharyngeal nerve (sensory).• 2- Pharyngeal branch of vagus (Motor).• 3- Pharyngeal branch from superior cervical sympathetic

ganglion (sympathetic)

Dr.Sherif Fahmy

Dr.Sherif Fahmy

Dr.Sherif Fahmy