The People's Republic of China. ______________ Square is a large public square in ______________, China. A massive demonstration for ______________ reform,

The People's Republic of China

• ______________ Square is a large public square in ______________, China.

• A massive demonstration for ______________ reform, begun in Tiananmen Square by Chinese students in April, ______________. It was brutally repressed on June 3 and 4, 1989.

• The demonstrators were joined by workers, intellectuals, and civil servants, until over a ______________ people filled the square.

• ______________ law was declared on May 20. The protesters demanded the government resign, but the government answered on the nights of June 3 and 4 with troops and tanks, killing thousands to quell a "counter-revolutionary rebellion.“

Student Demonstrations in Tiananmen Square

June 3-4, 1989

• The People‘s Republic of China is one of the ______________ countries. With a population of over 1.3 ______________, roughly one-fifth of the world's total population.

• The ______________ Party of China (CPC) has led the PRC under a single-party system since the state's establishment in 1949.

• The PRC is involved in a long-running dispute over the political status of ______________.

• China is often considered as an emerging ______________.

• However, China is now faced with a number of other economic problems, including an aging population, an increasing rural-urban income gap, and rapid environmental ______________.

• China plays a major role in international trade. The country is the world's largest consumer of steel and concrete. It is also the world's second largest importer of petroleum.

• Statistics• Exports: $2.21 ______________(2013)• Exports - commodities: machinery and

equipment, ______________ and clothing, footwear, toys,, plastics, iron and steel

• Imports – commodities: oil, optical and medical equipment, organic ______________.

Economic Statistics

• Beginning in late 1978, began reforming the economy from a ______________ centrally planned economy to a more ______________ economy.

• These changes resulted in mainland China's shift from a planned economy to a mixed economy.

Economy

• The government now emphasizes ______________ income and consumption and focuses on foreign trade as a major vehicle for economic ______________,.

• Chinese economic development is among the ______________ in the world.

• Mainland China has a reputation as being a low-cost ______________.

• This is largely because Chinese corporations can produce many products far more ______________ than other parts of Asia or Latin America.

• ______________ trade makes up a sizeable portion of China's overall economy.

• China's global trade exceeded $758 ______________ at the end of 2006.

• About ______ percent of China's exports consist of manufactured goods, most of which are textiles and electronic equipment, with agricultural products and ______________ constituting the remainder. Out of the five busiest ports in the world, three are in China.

• The PRC government has been described as ______________, ______________, and ______________, with heavy restrictions remaining in many areas, most notably in the Internet and in the press, freedom of assembly, freedom of ______________ rights, and freedom of religion.

• The country is ruled under the Constitution of the People's Republic of China. Its ______________ President is Xi Jinping and its premier is Li Keqiang.

Government

• The country is run by the _____________Party of China (CPC), which is guaranteed power by the Constitution. There are other political parties in the PRC, referred to in China as "democratic parties", which participate in the People's Political __________ Conference and the National People's Congress. There have been some moves toward political ____________, in that open contested elections are now held at the village and town levels. However, the Party retains effective control over government, the CPC wins by default most of the time.

• With a ______________ of over 1.3 billion, the PRC is very concerned about its population growth and has attempted to implement a strict family ______________ policy.

• The government's goal is _______child per family

Population Growth

• In 1986, China set the long-term goal of providing compulsory nine-year basic _________ to every child

• Many parents often invest large amounts of the family's income on __________. Private lessons and recreational activities are popular among the middle-class families who can afford them.

Education

• The ___________of _________oversees the health needs of the Chinese population. An emphasis on public health and ______________treatment characterized health policy since the early 1950s. At that time, the party started the ____________ Health Campaign, which was aimed at improving sanitation and hygiene, as well as attacking several diseases.

• With economic reform after 1978, the health of the Chinese public improved rapidly because of better nutrition. Health care in China is largely private fee-for-service.

Public Health

• Draw an Economic Continuum line on the Side of your Notes with Market on one side and Command on the other:

• Market Command

• Where on the above Economic Continuum would China be today?

Name the Type of Economy

UNITARYWays Government Distributes Power

Central Authority

Regional Authority

Regional Authority

Regional Authority

Regional Authority

CONFEDERATIONWays Government Distributes Power

Central Authority

Regional Authority

Regional Authority

Regional Authority

Regional Authority

FEDERATION/FEDERALWays Government Distributes Power

Regional Authority

CentralAuthority

Regional Authority

Regional Authority

Regional Authority

Describe the ways governments distribute power

• Unitary- a form of government in which power is held by one central authority.

• Confederation-voluntary associations of independent states that, to secure some common purpose, agree to certain limitations on their freedom of action and establish some joint machinery of consultation or deliberation.

• Federal-a form of government in which power is divided between one central and several regional authorities.

• Which is China today?

Citizen participation in government

• Autocratic-government in which one person possesses unlimited power and the citizen has little if any role in the government.

• Oligarchic-Government by a few, a government in which a small group exercises control especially for corrupt and selfish purposes. The citizen has very limited role.

• Democratic-Government in which the supreme power is vested in the people and exercised by them directly or indirectly.

• Which is modern China?

• China’s One Child Policy. http://faculty.harker.org/adm/population/studentpages/china1/index.html March 6, 2008

• Modern China. http://marketplace.publicradio.org/display/web/2007/09/12/location_beats_cost_for_china_construction/ March 7, 2008.

Bibliography