AASCIT Journal of Medicine 2018; 4(1): 1-13 http://www.aascit.org/journal/medicine ISSN: 2381-1420 (Print); ISSN: 2381-1447 (Online) The Pathophysiology of Fibromyalgia: Diagnosis and Treatment Hamidreza Shirzadfar * , Aida Mohammadi, Mehrnaz Sadeghi Department of Biomedical Engineering, Sheikhbahaee University, Esfahan, Iran Email address * Corresponding author Citation Hamidreza Shirzadfar, Aida Mohammadi, Mehrnaz Sadeghi. The Pathophysiology of Fibromyalgia: Diagnosis and Treatment. AASCIT Journal of Medicine. Vol. 4, No. 1, 2018, pp. 1-13. Received: February 22, 2018; Accepted: March 12, 2018; Published: April 27, 2018 Abstract: Fibromyalgia (FM) is a chronic disease with unexplained pain in the muscles and joints of the patient. In other words, the fibromyalgia is a connective tissue rheumatoid arthritis. In most cases, women aged 20 to 50 years are more likely to suffer from fibromyalgia than man. The main cause of fibromyalgia is not known but the various reasons that can cause the fibromyalgia are genetics, infection and physical or emotional shock. One of the important symptoms of the fibromyalgia is widespread pain throughout the body such as shoulder, head, arms, abdominal areas and etc. The fibromyalgia syndrome can affect all systems of the body including the bladder. Patients especially women who suffering from the fibromyalgia experience a painful bladder syndrome and problems with chronic bladder infection. Some of the urinary and pelvis disorders in patients with fibromyalgia are bladder incontinence, urinary frequency, dysuria, painful sexual intercourse and interstitial cystitis. The physician can just find the origin of fibromyalgia with the blood test and it's not easy to diagnose this disease. The main symptoms of the fibromyalgia are pain and fatigue and these are common symptoms of other diseases including chronic fatigue syndrome, hypothyroidism and arthritis so there are no laboratory tests or X-rays to diagnose the fibromyalgia. Fibromyalgia treatment can be divided into four general categories include: the medicinal therapies such as lyrica, cymbalta, savella, anti-inflammatory drugs, anti-depressants, etc. Non-pharmacological treatment of fibromyalgia such as biofeedback, cognitive behavioral therapies, physiotherapy, electromyogram, etc. The third group of treatment is the alternative treatment of fibromyalgia such as chiropractic, deep tissue massage, meditation, etc. The last group of treatment is the electrical treatment of fibromyalgia such as the systolic extinction training, transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation and cranial electrotherapy. Some of the effective treatment for urinary incontinence include: physiotherapy for muscle straddle pelvis, kegel exercises, an electrical stimulator, surgery, bladder training, pessary, catheterization and etc. Keywords: Fibromyalgia, Diagnosis and Treatment Fibromyalgia, Urinary and Pelvic Symptoms, Urinary Incontinence, Painful Bladder Syndrome 1. Introduction The fibromyalgia is a connective tissue rheumatoid arthritis and is present in all countries, races, and in all clime areas. About 10% to 12% of the population suffer from this disease. The main cause of fibromyalgia is not known. The people suffering from fibromyalgia have a low pain threshold. The fibromyalgia has many symptoms that vary from person to person. One of these symptoms is widespread pain throughout the body. The fibromyalgia syndrome can affect all systems of the body including the bladder. Patients suffering from fibromyalgia experience a painful bladder syndome (PBS) and problems with chronic bladder infection. There are no laboratory tests or X-rays to diagnose the fibromyalgia. For the treatment of fibromyalgia, the drug helps reduce pain, exercise regularly, stretching, walking, swimming, cycling and water sports reduces the symptoms of fibromyalgia. Some electrical stimulation used to treat fibromyalgia such as cranial electrotherapy stimulation (CES) and transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation. Physiotherapy for muscle staddle pelvis, kegel exercises, an electrical stimulator, surgery, bladder training, botox and catheterization are effective treatments for urinary problems.
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AASCIT Journal of Medicine
2018; 4(1): 1-13
http://www.aascit.org/journal/medicine
ISSN: 2381-1420 (Print); ISSN: 2381-1447 (Online)
The Pathophysiology of Fibromyalgia: Diagnosis and Treatment
Electrotherapy Stimulation (CES), and Micro-Current
Electrotherapy (MET).
As it mentioned bladder problems and pelvic area are
another symptoms of fibromyalgia so effective treatments for
urinary problems are physiotherapy, Kegel exercises, surgery,
bladder training, pessary device and catheterization.
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