The Origins of the English Gentry - Cambridge University …assets.cambridge.org/97805210/21005/index/9780521021005_index.pdf · Astley family, of north Warwickshire and ... 0521021006
This document is posted to help you gain knowledge. Please leave a comment to let me know what you think about it! Share it to your friends and learn new things together.
Transcript
Index
Aaron of Lincoln, Jew 84Abberbury family 73
Richard de 221abbey or priory 63abbots 32, 64, 114, 191, 217Abels, Richard 20, 31Abingdon, abbot and communities of 32Acheson, E. 7Acle, Robert de 50Addington, Northamptonshire 56administrators 17, 188, 245, 246, 248
professional 67, 131, 135administrators/men of law 199, 200, 244, 247advowsons 80, 103Ælfgyth, wife of Azur Swart 27Æthelred, King 33
Æthelred’s laws 33affinity 47, 134, 140, 170, 208
magnate 17, 41, 42Agillun, Hugh de 150Agnes, daughter of Geoffrey de Charlecote 85aids 99, 120
of 1235–6 41collection of, in Northamptonshire 57collection of, in Warwickshire 60
Alcester, Warwickshire 179Allesley, manor of, Warwickshire 93Alneto, Henry de (of Maidford) 48Alneto, Henry de (of Cornwall) 48Alspath, Gerard de 65Alstoe Hundred, Rutland 224Amundevill
Richard de (several) 60, 61, 153, 171Robert de 61
Andrew the Chaplain, French writer on love 37Angevin
Anglo-Norman literature 162Anglo-Saxon Chronicle 32Anglo-Saxon state, the late 11Ansty, north of Coventry 196approver 117, 118Aquitaine 175arbitration 8archbishoprics 211archbishops 32, 64, 114Archer family, of Tanworth in Arden 233, 234,
236; pedigree 233John le (several) 233, 234Nicholas le 233Robert the archer 233
William, his son 233, 234Brother Thomas le, prior of the hospital of
St John of Jerusalem 233–4, 236Thomas le 236, 237
archers 226d’Arcy
Norman 81Sir Philip 81, 82, 83, 85
d’Arcy, Roger 137Arden, Forest of 97Arden
Hugh de 67Robert de 192Thomas de 171
Ardens, of Radbourne 77Ardens, of Ratley 77aristocracy 7–8, 9, 29, 103, 108; service 29Armenters
Geoffrey de 55, 56, 57, 61Henry de 48
armies, of Edward III 242–3armigers (armigeri) 217–29, 236, 242arms, armour 81, 104, 219, 226
Basset family (another) 77Bassingbourne family 145
Nicholas de 58bastard feudalism 22Batchworth, Sir Roger de 123Bath, bishop of 111Bath, Henry de 85The Battle of Maldon 30Baud, Robert le 154, 155, 157Bearley, Warwickshire 198Beauchamp, Walter de 220Beauchamp family 179
Guy de, earl of Warwick 193Guy de (another) 179Thomas de, earl of Warwick (d. 1369) 188Thomas de, earl of Warwick (d. 1401) 231
Beaud, Simon le 50Beaufeu, John de 154Beaumond, Robert de 219Becket, J.V. 2bed-sickness see essoin de malo lectiBedford 154Bedfordshire 31, 46, 90, 92, 94, 96, 206, 212,
Bedsworth, Warwickshire 234Belers, Roger 193bell-tower 27Bending, Peter 75Bentley, Warwickshire 196Bereford
Sir Baldwin de 231Edmund de 177, 188Robert de 200
Berkeley, Sir Thomas, lord 220, 227Berkshire 221, 223Berkswell, Warwickshire 171Bernack, Richard de 57Besevill, Richard de 50Bibbesworth, Walter de 123Biddick, Kathleen 84Bigod, Hugh, baronial justiciar 67Birdingbury, Warwickshire 174, 195Birmingham 200Birmingham family 145
Henry de 145Richard de 145Sir Thomas de 145Sir William de 145, 173, 177, 188
bishoprics 211bishops 32, 40, 64, 114, 121
bishops’ accounts 111Bishopton
Sir John de 169, 176, 177, 188, 189, 197,198
Thomas de 229Walter de 152William de 58, 60, 67
Black Death, the 186, 252Blair, John 8, 20, 21, 31, 32Blakesley, Northamptonshire 48Blancfront
Thomas 197William 197
Black Prince, the 231Blatherwycke, Northamptonshire 53, 54, 117Bler, Thomas de 150Blount
Thomas le 170, 178William le 170–1
Blount, Thomas le (another) 171Bluet, Sir John 225Blukevill, Roger de 49Bohun, Humphrey de, earl of Hereford 231Boketon family, of Boughton and Pitsford
204Bolton, J.L. 101bookland (land held by charter) 26, 28Boroughbridge, battle of (1322) 138, 197,
226Boroughbridge Roll of Arms 138, 171
Botiler, John le 178Botiler, Peter le 222Botriaux, William 173bouche a court 220, 227, 228, 231Boughton family 75Boydin, Thomas, of Stretton on Dunsmore
193–4Boyvill, Henry de 56Bracebridge, Sir Ralf de 85–6‘Bracton’
treatise on the laws and customs of Englandonce attributed to Henry de Bracton 58,162
Bracy, William, of Warmington, esquire 238Bradden, Northamptonshire 48, 117Bradefeld, Robert de 219Braibroc
Henry de 57Robert de 58
Brailes, Warwickshire 171Brampton Ash, Northamptonshire 54Brand, Paul 147, 246Braunsford, Wolstan de, bishop of Worcester
190Bray
Ralf de 117–18Roger de, of Coventry 200Thomas de 153, 156
BrayAlice 204Henry de 204–5
estate books of 204–5, 211; list of obits in204–5, 208
Mabel 204Braybrooke shrieval family 75, 76, 101Breaute, Falkes de 56, 118Bret, Roger 102Breton, Guy le 196, 201Breton, William, of Teeton 205Brewer, William 119bribes 65Brittany campaign (1230) 79, 80Broke, Lawrence de, king’s serjeant 73, 86Brookhampton, Warwickshire 199brotherhood-in-arms 142Bruce, Robert 144Brun, William le 48Bryene, Dame Alice de
household books (1411–13) 106Bryhtferth, of Ramsay
Burgh, lady Elizabeth de, household of 231Burgh, Hubert de, justiciar 110, 111, 112, 118Burton Abbey 25Burton chronicler 132Burton Hastings, Warwickshire 170, 179Butler, John le 178Butler, Maurice le 58, 60, 61Butler, Ralf le 60Butler, Ralf le (another) 173Butler (Botiler), William le, of Warrington
174, 178Butler (Botiler), William le, of Wem 174, 178Butler family, of Oversley 77Buttevilain, William 50Buxhill
Alan 206Thomas 206
buzones 58, 130, 158bynames 36–7
Calais, siege of (1346–7) 242Caldecote, Warwickshire 179Calvin, Robert 219Cambridge, Richard earl of 4Cambridge Castle 210Cambridgeshire 80, 196Campbell, James 20, 21, 30Cantelupe, John de 188Canterbury, archbishop of 119Cantilupe, Walter de 60Careswell
William de 153William de (another) 188
Carlaverock, battle of 142Carlisle 144, 218Carolingian
Empire 22style of government 23type of society 24type of state 22
Cawynton, John de 219–20Cazel, Fred 111ceorl 26Cerne, Master Henry de 115Chadsunt, Warwickshire 192Chalcombe, Northamptonshire 54chancellor 129, 191Chancery records 214
Close Rolls 122Patent Rolls 53, 58, 60, 61, 188
chantry 229chapel 233Charlecote
Thomas de, alias Thomas de Haseley 152,153, 156, 157
Walter de 59Charnels
George de 169John de 169John, esquire (another) 238Nicholas de 152, 198
Charter of the Forests 110, 114, 115, 116, 117charters 14
witness lists of 69, 93, 97Chastell see CastelloChaucer
Franklin 105, 237Wife of Bath’s Tale 3
Chaworth, Thomas de 189Chenduit
Sir Ralf 83Stephen 83
Cheshire 92Chester, county of 111Chester, earl of 76, 119, 247; see also
Ranulf IIIministers of earl of 93
Chester, Norman lordship of 143Chesterton, Bardolf de 58Chesterton, Warwickshire 198Chetwind, Philip de 173, 174, 227Chetwood family 77chief justice of the forest 57, 116; see also
Lislechief justiciar 51, 116, 128, 129; see also
Bigodeyre of the 128
chivalry 34, 36–7manual of 179
Christ Church Canterbury, priory of 75chronicles 34Church, Stephen 89
estate 21, 27, 28churchmen 119churchsoke 27Cirencester, Thomas de 57civilian duty 8civilian life 21, 34Clapton family 203–4
William de 203Clare family 35Clark, Peter 7Clarke, Peter A. 25Claverdon, Warwickshire 194clerics 217clerks 40, 57, 122, 166, 200, 226Cliff, Thomas de 86Cliff, Warwickshire 86Clifton on Dunsmore, Warwickshire 198Clinton, James de, of Baddesley Clinton 232Clinton
Sir John de, of Maxstoke 169, 173, 177, 188William de, later earl of Huntingdon 174,
176, 178Clinton, John de (another) 169Clinton family 169
John de 152Thomas de 67Thomas de (another) 195–6
Clinton family, of Coleshill 77Sir John de, son of Sir Thomas de 169, 188,
232Sir Thomas de 232
Cloddeshale, Richard de 179, 199Clopton, John de 230Cnut, King
laws of 24, 29reign of 33
Cobham, Reginald, of Sterborough 241Cogenhoe, Northamptonshire 141Cogenhoe family 142
Sir Nicholas de 141, 155, 157coinage 101Cold Higham, Northamptonshire 54Coleshill, Richard de 222, 223Colethorp, William de 154Colevill
Robert de, king’s serjeant 154William de 154, 155
collective grievances against the state 44,110–21
Collingtree in Wymersely Hundred,Northamptonshire 49
Commons see House of Commonscommorantes (co-dwellers) 17, 213community 8
‘of the bachelry of England’ 120, 132of the realm 210of the shire 212
Compton, John de 198Comyn, Annabel 230; John 196, 201Comyn, John, Scottish lord 144Coningsby, John de 198Conquest see Norman ConquestConstance, wife of Ralf fitz Gilbert 34, 35constituencies 161control of the populace 165Corbet family 145
Roger 178Corby Hundred, Northamptonshire 207Cornhill, Sir Reginald 75Cornwall 40, 92, 119coroners 64–5, 66, 122–3, 129, 149–50, 153,
court rolls 46Coventry, prior of 191, 246, 247Coventry, town of 59, 76, 93, 106, 174, 190,
192, 194, 219, 247honour of 59, 76, 83, 93, 101
creditors 80Crewenhale family 234
Robert de 234, 236Crick, Northamptonshire 205crime 8Croft, Hugh de 196Crouch, David 35, 40, 41, 42, 103Croupes, John 197Crowland, abbot of 94crown wearings 32crusaders 111crusades 104; see also Fifth CrusadeCryel, Sir Nicholas 241Culun, Luke de 65, 66Culworth, Northamptonshire 54, 55Culworth, William de 53, 54, 55, 56, 59, 61, 62
his son 62Culy
Hugh de 195Roger son of Hugh 199
Cumberland 114Cundy, Geoffrey de 66Curia Regis Rolls 88curiales (courtiers) 50, 61, 67, 73, 80, 86, 96,
116, 127, 131, 132, 148
Curli, William de 58, 61custodians 61
of lands 62Cuxham, Oxfordshire 83
Dalton, Paul 35, 36, 39, 40Danelaw, the (‘Danish’ England) 28, 63Daneys, Brice le 225Darcy
156, 171to the Exchequer 81, 82, 100knightly 74royal intervention to alleviate debt 81–2
deer parks 35demesne production 75Dene, John de 195Deneford, William de 65Denholm-Young, N. 70, 90–1, 93, 216, 229,
243dependency, ties of 10Derbyshire 6, 118, 194Dering Roll of Arms 139Despenser
Hugh le 188Hugh le, the younger 226, 227
Devereux, Margaret 141Devon 54, 92, 121, 129Dictum of Kenilworth 81Digby, John de 152, 157disafforestation 115–17Disinherited, the 163distraint 114, 123distraint to knighthood 75, 77, 94, 95–6, 126,
137, 157, 190, 200, 210, 217, 243Dive, John 93Domesday Book 24, 26, 30, 36–7, 84Domesday commissioners 30Dorset 91, 143Dosthill, Warwickshire 80Doynton family 82
Thomas de 81Drayton, near Stratford-upon-Avon 190drengs 28dubbing, ceremony of 37, 94Duby, Georges 103, 108Dugdale, Sir William 170, 195, 233Dune, Sir Roger de la 123Dunstable Roll of Arms 138Dunstanburgh Castle 226Dunton in Curdworth, Warwickshire 79, 80Durham 92
Edstone, William de 65Edward I, King 4, 14, 15, 70, 81, 143, 144, 148,
160, 165, 179, 213, 216, 217, 218, 242campaign against the Welsh (1282) by 166Edwardian polity 14, 15, 135, 136, 146–61,
165later years of 179, 183as the Lord Edward 132reforms of 146reign of ch. 6 passim 165, 167, 185, 192,
195, 202, 209–10, 240, 245, 246, 249Edward II, King 217, 242
middle years of 183as Prince 144, 145reign of 139, 165, 168, 171–2, 180, 183,
184, 191, 249Edward III, King 165, 241, 242
early years of 184reign of 183, 250
Edward the Confessor, King 25, 138Edwards, J.G. 166Eleanor of Castile, Queen 86Eleanor of Provence, Queen 86elections 122, 129, 131, 212, 214, 215, 249
at county courts 44, 150, 161, 191to parliament 194, 253
family, minor landowning 34family histories 203farmers ( firmarii) 61, 76
royal 197Fastolf, Sir John 5Faulkner, Kathryn 91–5, 99, 108, 206, 216Fauvel, Hugh 66Fawsley Hundred, Northamptonshire 26, 48Feast of the Swans 143–5Feckenham Forest 89feoffees 237, 238Fernandes, Mario 134Ferrers, William, of Groby, Leicestershire 152Fettiplace family 222
Adam, mayor of Oxford 222Aimery 222, 223
feuding 185fief-rente 89field system
common 21field systems 26
Fifth Crusade 80
Fitz Alan family 141Eleanor, daughter of Richard, earl of
Arundel 142Fitz Nigel, Richard, Dialogue of the
Exchequer 64, 97, 252FitzWilliam, Ralf lord 226Fitz Wyth, John and Robert 195Flanders 143, 170Flecknoe, Warwickshire 194Fleming, Robin 28Flintham, manor of, Nottinghamshire 79, 80Flower, C.T. 92Foliot family 75, 77Folville, John de 152foresters
in fee 114, 115malpractice of 116, 125
forests, royal 57, 114–17, 124, 125inquisitions 78officers 150; see also verderersperambulation of 114–17, 124perambulation ofNorthamptonshire forest 57
Fountains Abbey 102Foxley, John de 193Foxton family 75Frampton, Lincolnshire 106France 36–7, 96, 103, 108, 162, 217, 243
128, 131, 149, 248, 252freeholding communities 97free men 22, 28, 40, 42, 45, 109, 120French language 94, 223, 225Freville, Alexander de 173Fulwode family 236
John 236, 237Fulwood, manor of (or Clay Hall) 236Fundu, William 150Furnivall, Gerard de 219
Gaimar, Geoffrey 21, 34, 35Estoire des Engleis 34, 36–7
gallows, private 160Galon, William, valet 226Gant, honour of 56gaol delivery 161, 175, 183; see also
Grandone, John de 170Grauntcourt, Walter de 154‘Great Rebuilding’, of churches 28Great Tew, Oxfordshire 31, 32, 221Greenham, Thomas de 225Green’s Norton Hundred, Northamptonshire
Hareng, Ralf 53, 54Harengod, Ralf 87Harewell, Roger, of Wootton Wawen 230Haringod, Sir Stephen 75Harlestone, Northamptonshire 204, 205
sub-manor at 204parish church of 204
Harlestone, tenants at 204Harrington, John de 189Harringworth, Northamptonshire 54Harrison, William 6Harrold, Bedfordshire 76Harrowden, Northamptonshire 141Hartshill
John de 143, 175, 177Philip de 173William de 60William de (another) 143
Harvey, Barbara 99Harvey, Paul 70, 232Haselor, Warwickshire 179Hastang family 145
John de 171–2, 177Richard de 173, 197Robert de 152Thomas de 173, 174, 177, 188
Hastings, battle of 22Hastings, prior of 87Hastings family 193
household 93John de 175lordship 93William de 89
Hastings, Sir Nicholas 226Hatch, Eustace de 143Hautein, Theobald 112, 113, 119, 121Hautot, Andrew de 221Hay, William 154, 155Helewell, Robert de 224Hengham, Ralf de 193Henley, Walter de 83
Husbandry 180Henry I, King 38, 163Henry II, King 12, 39, 115, 116, 117, 179
coronation of 115court of 163reign of 38, 39, 59, 113, 180, 233
Henry III, King 65, 81, 87, 101, 102, 107,ch. 5 passim 138
minority of 111personal rule of 87, 107reign of 12, 23, 40, 62, 63, 65, 70, 71, 74,
77, ch. 5 passim 136, 150
heraldry 6, 7, 37, 69, 103, 104, 138–46, 234,244
heraldic art 140heraldic culture 243heraldic devices 229heraldic visitations 6sealing heraldically 18see also arms
heralds 168Herdwick, William 150Herefordshire 89, 111
county court of 40, 121heriots 24, 31, 34heritability, of land 35Herle
Robert de 189William de 179
Herring, Robert 138Hertford, John de 231Herthill, Richard de 173, 201Hewelton, Thomas de 154Heydon, Thomas de, clerk, central court
Hinton, Richard de 48, 50hlaford (lord) 30Hockley, Henry de 199, 201Holdenby, John de 204–5Holdenby, Northamptonshire 48Holdenby, Richard de 48Holeway, Adam de 200Holt, J.C. 23, 71, 116, 120Holy Land 80home farms 105honour 17
code of 21, 33, 34, 43military and chivalric values 8
policy of 15House of Lords 15housecarls 32household accounts 104, 105, 226households 8, 105, 219–20, 225
knightly 104military, of the king 241royal 98
Huband, Henry 152, 156Hudson, John 38Hulcote, John de 55, 56, 57, 58, 60, 61Hulcote, Northamptonshire 56Hulehale family 234
Robert de 234Roger de 233
his wife 233Hull, John de 194Humby, Hugh de 112, 113, 119, 121hundred serjeant 123Hundred Rolls (1274–5) 146, 160Hundred Rolls (1279) 73, 83, 157Hundred Years War 181hundreds 22, 48, 63, 65, 224hunting 206, 233Huntingdon, David earl of 75Huntingdon, honour of 75–6, 101Huntingdonshire 92, 116, 196Huntsman, William the 93Hurst, William de la 219Huse, Peter de la 222, 223Huse, William 89Huxloe Hundred, Northamptonshire 207Hyams, Paul 39
‘ideal type’ 1, 253identity, sense of 17, ch. 8 passim 249Idle, Henry de 199Illsley, John 158–9indebted families 78, 79indentures 18, 86, 226–8, 232
of retainer 220, 225, 231, 241inflation 70, 99–100, 101
local 21‘middling’ 24non-baronial 5royalist 149sub-knightly 17, 19, 186–7, 229
landowning class 12Langley, manor of, in Claverdon 179Langley family 153, 199
Cartulary 70Edmund de, lord of Shortley and Atherstone
171–2Geoffrey de, forest justice 70, 73, 76, 86,
153, 171–2inheritance 188Sir John de 232John de, of Ettington, son of Sir Edmund
171–2, 173, 230, 233Robert de, lord of Wolfhamcote 232Walter de 152, 153, 156
Langtoft, Pierre de: verse chronicle of EdwardI’s Scottish wars 163
language of deference 37, 103Latimer, William lord 228Latimer, Paul 100Latin 226, 227, 228Laton, Sir Robert, lost roll of arms of 229, 244Launde family, of Lea Marston and Dosthill
198Roger de la 198
law 6Anglo-Saxon codes of 24English common 107, 109, 147, 246
formation of the 12, 22land 39manipulation of the 8, 22
law and order 15lawlessness 182lawyers 17, 18, 199, 200, 202, 245, 248
central court 193lawyer/administrator 193legal profession 148men of law 187, 201, 244
local 182, 185, 191, 193, 197, 244
professional 17, 181, 183, 185, 191, 192,244, 246
training of 246see also administrators, attorneys, pleader,
serjeants-at-lawlease 190Lee, John de la 189, 193, 198Leges Henrici Primi 27Leicester 116Leicestershire 46, 54, 60, 80, 90, 145, 152,
156, 157, 170, 189, 191, 194, 195, 205,250
Leidet family 75Leofric, earl of Mercia 32letters
of appointment 15of protection 232royal 57, 99, 114
Levelaunce case, Warwickshire 123Lewes, battle of (1264) 87, 137Lewknor, Geoffrey de 151, 152, 154, 155Lexington, Robert de 53, 59, 60
his eyre (1236) 60Leyser, Karl 33Liber Eliensis 25Limesy, Peter de 169Lincoln 114Lincoln, countess of 104Lincolnshire 63, 81, 85, 113, 114, 119, 212
court case 112–13lineages 23, 35, 37, 143, 203, 244liquidity, lack of 85–6, 101Lisle, Brian de, chief justice of the forest 124
deputy to Hugh de Neville 115Lisle (Isle), Henry de 196, 198, 199, 201lists of landowners
of 1297 218of 1297 and 1300 213
lists of men-at-arms for the Great Council(1324) 213, 223
lists of pledges 23Lisures family 75literate society 245litigants 113litigation 74, 76, 79, 81, 83, 84, 85, 183, 246
cost of 100Little Lawford, Warwickshire 190Little Wolverton, Worcestershire 206livery 4, 231Local Rolls of Arms 139local society 35localities 22, 23, 30, 52, 67, 87, 249, 251, 252locality 17, 206–8, 209
Henry 190Hugh 190John de 190, 200Thomas de, of Little Lawford 190, 230
Merton, Walter de 83, 86Messenden, Hugh de 66Meynill, Hugh de 173, 178Michel, Peter 81, 82, 83, 84Middlesex 123–4Miles, Henry 199mills 102Milsom, S.F.C. 40Mingay, G.E. 2Mitchell, S.K. 62moat 35
Nelson, Janet 33Nerbones, of Stivichall 76Neville, Hugh de, chief justice of the forest
115, 116Neville, Hugh de, of Essex 226, 227Neville, Ralf lord 227Neville, William de 250Newark 203Newbold Comyn, Warwickshire 196, 230Newbold Grange, Warwickshire 190Newburgh, Henry de, earl of Warwick 233Newcastle, muster at 213, 220Newton, Peter 142nobilitas 35nobility 2, 3, 7, 9, 12, 13, 18, 25, 29, 33, 34,
Northburgh, Roger de, bishop of Coventry andLichfield 225
Northumberland 92, 124, 249Norton, in Fawsley Hundred,
Northamptonshire 207Norton, Geoffrey de 48Norwich 155Norwich, Simon de 86Nottingham 169Nottingham, Henry de 152, 153, 157Nottinghamshire 7, 80, 116, 118, 194
Oakham, Rutland 154, 155oaths 63, 123, 129, 155
general, for the maintenance of peace 22obligations
of free men 43of knights and free men 12public 40
Occasional Rolls 138, 241Oddingseles, John de, lord of Long Itchington
174, 175, 179Odingseles, Gerard and William de, of
Maxstoke, Warwickshire 138office holding 8, 10
local 9, 10property qualifications for 5
public 82under the crown 6
officialsestate 16salaried 10
Offord, in Wootton Wawen, Warwickshire 197Oldcotes, Ingram de 137Ordinance of Labourers (June 1349) 186
Ordinance of the Sheriffs (1258) 128Ormrod, Mark 182, 187, 244Osevyle, Henry de 66Otterden, Kent 237Oxford 132, 154, 155
portreeve of 32Oxford, Provisions of (1258) 127, 128, 129,
134, 148, 162, 163, 248Oxford University, school of business training
of May 1253 126of 1254 123, 125, 126of April 1258 127of June 1258 (Oxford) 127of Michaelmas 1258 128of Easter 1275 146, 147of Michaelmas 1275 147legislation of 32personal summons to 4public opinion voiced at 32‘taxation parliaments’, in reign of Henry III
126see also House of Commons, House of
Lords, members of parliamentParliament Rolls 15parliamentary proceedings 180Parliamentary Roll of Arms 139, 145, 146,
168–72, 175, 195, 216, 232, 241partnership in government 18, 161, 165, 180,
186Pascis family 77Paston, Northamptonshire 207Paston family 22patrilineal descent 37patronage 79, 81, 82
royal 127Pattishall
Martin de, chief justice 54Simon de, King John’s great justice 53, 54Walter de 54
Pavely, Robert de 55, 61, 155Payling, Simon 7peasants 1, 16, 27, 194, 221, 230
peasantry 20, 27, 35, 87society 1
Peche family 77John (several) 152, 153, 169, 173, 177,
188Nicholas 177Richard 60
peerage 2, 4, 6restricted 4
peers 5of the realm 240–1
Pembridge family 141Percival de Somery, John 169, 173, 177Percy, Henry lord 227, 231Percy, Henry de 142Perham, Ralf de 192, 200Perry Croft, Warwickshire 174Pershore, abbot of 67Peterborough 155
liberty of 211Peterborough Abbey 70, 101, 208Petition of the Barons (1258) 86, 128petitions 14, 17, 32, 127, 146–7, 148, 180,
184, 203, 209–10, 212, 214‘common petition’ 180
Petronilla, daughter of William deTrumpington 80
Pever, Paulinus 86Peverel, honour of 56Peydon, Richard de 150Peyto
Beatrice, wife of John the younger 190John de, the elder 190, 192, 198, 199, 201John de, the younger 190, 192, 198, 199William de, brother of John de, the younger
199Philip fitz Robert 155, 156Philip of Castle Martin 226Picot, Gilbert 219Pinley, Warwickshire 197Pipard, Henry 61, 67Pipe
Henry de 198Thomas de 173, 177
Pipewell Abbey, monks of 190Pitchford, Shropshire 140–1Pitchford family 141
upwardly mobile 5see also administrators, attorneys, lawyers,
serjeants-at-law, sheriffsproffers 23, 84
for disafforestation 40‘promotion law’ 26, 28propaganda 134property, urban 11public office, local 21Punchardon, Robert 222purchase of exemptions, from the crown 65Putnam, Bertha 181–2, 184
Quatremar, Godfrey 50Quatremare, son and heir of Yorkshire
landowner Nicholas 85querela 146–7, 183Quick, Jeremy 75, 89, 90–1
Quincy, Roger de, earl of Winchester 89quittance of common summons 65, 96Quo Warranto proceedings 160
Radcliffe, Thomas de 193radknights and radmen (riding-men) 28radmen 30Raleigh
Peter de 54William de 53, 54
Ralf fitz Gilbert 34–5Ralf fitz Nicholas 118Ralf fitz Reginald 56, 57, 61Ralf fitz Roger 46Ranulf III, earl of Chester 59, 60, 221
successors of 59Ratley, Warwickshire 171, 199Raunds, in Higham Ferrers Hundred,
Northamptonshire 28, 49, 54, 56Raunds
Henry de 51, 55, 56, 57, 58, 61Herlewin de 49
rebellion against King John 120recognitors, default of 47, 49recoinage (1247–51) 101rector 56redemption of forfeited estates 148reeves 32, 63reform and rebellion, period of (1258–67)
Revel, Richard 4, 38reversion 198Rich, Thomas 231Richard I, reign of 62, 84, 247Richard of Cornwall, brother of Henry III
110
Richard fitz Osbert 51Richard son of Ernis 246Richard son of Nigel, approver 117Richard son of Richard Ernis 246–7Richardson, H.G. 70Richmond, Colin 23Ridel, Ralf 50Ridgeway, Hugh 129, 131riding men 30Rievaulx, monastery of 35rings 81Rivallis, Peter de, regime of (1231) 54Robert fitz Alan 48Robert fitz Pain 220Robert fitz Walter 155, 156, 157robes 220, 226, 227, 228Rockingham Castle
constable of 54keeper of 54
Rockingham Forest 54Rockingham and Geddington Forests, steward
of 154Rodborough, Miles de 193Roddam, William son of John de, of
Northumberland 231Roger of Howden, chronicler 38rolls
of arms 69, 138–9of the central courts 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 57,
123, 245romance literature 37, 103, 105, 162, 219royal favour 82royal liberties 113, 114royal patronage 159royal policy of selling respites and exemptions
96royal rights 148royalists 155, 156Runnymede 115Rushton, Northamptonshire 117Rushton family 75Russell, Geoffrey 154Russell, John, esquire 231Rutland 155, 189
assize 56Ryvel, John 177, 188, 198, 201
Saddington, Leicestershire 191Saddington, Robert de 190, 193St Albans, Hertfordshire 133
abbey of 31bishop’s house at 118
St Andrew, Northampton, prior of 204St James, Northampton, abbey of 205St Mark, Geoffrey de 155
St Mary’s, York, abbot of 119St Neots, manor of, Cambridgeshire 117sake and soke 25Salcey, Robert de 48, 55, 56, 57Salcey Forest, Northamptonshire 154Saleby, Lincolnshire 143Salisbury, bishop of 111Sapy, John de 220Saul, Nigel 168, 206, 209, 218Saunderstede, John de 198Scammell, Jean 12, 22, 24Scarborough, Robert de 193Scotland 144, 195Scotter, Roger de 193Scrope-Grosvenor case (Court of Chivalry
sheriffs’ farms and increments 131sheriffs’ returns (1297) 217sheriffs’ returns (1322) 221, 224, 225, 226sheriffs’ returns to royal writs 17sheriffs’ returns to the summons to the Great
Council of 1324 172–5, 176, 189, 213,217, 223
sheriff’s tourn 113Sherwood Forest 220shire see county, knights of the shireShirington, Richard de 200Shirley, Ralf de 169, 173, 178, 198, 200Shortley, manor of, Warwickshire 76Shotteswell, Warwickshire 195Shropshire 96, 129, 174, 189
Henry de 231, 234, 236, 237wife of Henry de 234William de 234
Sidenham, Ascelinus de 58signets 233Simonie or Poem on the Evil Times of
Edward II 140Simpson, Grant G. 89Sir Beves of Hamtoun 3Sired, of Chilham in Kent 36–7Siward, magnate of Chilham in Kent
36–7Smith, Sir Thomas, De Republica Anglorum
(1583) 6social control 16social mobility, upward 21Solihull, Warwickshire 192Somerset country court 4Somerset/Dorset 250Somerville
John de 174, 195Robert de 163
Somery, John de, lord of Dudley 144–5Song of Carlaverock 138, 143, 242Song of Lewes 137Sotemay, John 197Sowe (now Walsgrave on Sowe),
Warwickshire 247Spernall, Warwickshire 85, 199Spigurnel, Henry 193Spineto, William de 196, 199Spot, Wulfric 25squire 98Stacey, Robert 87Stafford, Edmund de 143, 170Staffordshire 46, 92, 94, 96, 143, 145, 174,
195, 196Stallingborough, Lincolnshire 81Standyche, Henry, of Clifford 230Stanlowe, Ralf de 192Stanton, Hervey de 154Stapleton, William de 231Statutes
of Additions (1413) 4, 216, 237, 251of Arms (1292) 219of Edward I 147of Fines (1299) 183, 185of Jewry 147of Labourers (1351) 186–7of Marlborough (1267) 135of Northampton (1328) 185
Staverton, Northamptonshire 48Staverton, Philip de 48Stenton, Sir Frank 40Stephen, King, reign of 39, 40, 41, 89, 117stewards 59, 61, 63, 89, 90, 119, 121, 202,
Stirling, battle of (1297) 163Stivington, Adam de 199, 201Stockton, Warwickshire 195Stoke, near Coventry 191, 248Stoke family 248
Robert de 191–2, 193, 199, 200, 247–8Stone, L. and J.C.F. 2Stoneleigh, abbot of 192, 200Stoneleigh, Richard de 192, 199Stoneleigh, Warwickshire 192Stonor, John de 193Stowe Nine Churches, Northamptonshire 48,
54Stratford, Nicholas de 199Stratford-upon-Avon 199
manor of 190Stratton, Adam de 86Stretton on Dunsmore, Warwickshire 199Stringer, K.J. 75–6Sturmy, Thomas 98sub-county connections 209Sudley, John de 173, 178Suffolk 80, 91, 171suit of court 65, 80, 113, 121, 149, 160Sulgrave, Northamptonshire 27, 28, 54Sully, Sir John de 231summonses
to the Great Council (1324) 216to military campaigns and parliaments
late Anglo-Saxon 8thegnly residences 26, 27thegnly status 27thegns 20, 22, 24, 25, 26, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32,
33, 35, 40, 119; king’s 24, 25, 26, 28,29, 32, 39
mean or median 24, 25, 29, 33Thomas fitz Simon 119Thomas, Hugh M. 8, 22–3, 24, 31, 40, 43, 44,
95, 102, 119–20Thorpe, Northamptonshire 54Thorpe, Simon de 55, 56, 57, 61, 62Thorpe near Daventry 56
Thweng family 142Titchmarsh, Ralf de 155Titow, J.Z. 70Tivill, Ralf de 46Torpel, Roger de 57tournaments 37, 104, 138, 219, 220Tova, widow of Wihtric 31towns 5, 28townsmen 20, 32Travels of Sir John Mandeville 3Trayly, William de 65, 66treasure 101treatises on estate management and accounting
130, 163trial by battle 45‘trier’, knightly or supposedly knightly 149Trillowe, John 179Trimenel, Nicholas 178Trimnol, Nicholas 143Troyes, Chretien de, works of 37Trussell
John 178William 61, 62William (another) 189
Tudors 11Turchil of Warwick 77Turner, Ralf 53Turvey, Bedfordshire 203Turvill, Robert of Wolston 230Turvill, William de 154Turville
Nicholas de 170, 174Richard de 169, 170Robert de 170
Twyford, John de 174, 178Twyne, John de 123Tysoe, Warwickshire 170
Ulf, bishop of Dorchester 32Umberslade in Tanworth, Warwickshire
220, 225–32, 242, 243, 249vassalage 10Vaugham, Sir William 179Vautort, Reginald de 119Vaux, John des 151, 152, 154vavasours 62, 67, 105, 128, 130, 131, 148,
162–3, 248Venur, William le 93verderers 64, 89, 115, 150, 154Verduyn, Anthony 214Verdon
Robert de 152, 153, 156, 169Robert de (another) 173, 178, 188
Vernay, Sir Robert 89Vieleston
Hamo de 204–5Isabel, wife of Hamo de 204
Vilers, Henry de 233villages
nucleated 21, 26nucleation of 27
villeinage 87Vincent, Nicholas 74, 79–81, 82violence, inter-personal 22vivary 93
wage control 186Wake, Baldwin 163Walcote, Warin de 89Wales 143, 195
Westminster Hall 117Westminster Psalter 138Westmorland 92Whelton, Roger de 61, 65Whichford, manor of, Warwickshire 79Whichford family 79–81, 82
Agnes 80Matthew 80Nicholas de 79–80, 99Robert de 80–1, 82Thierry de 79, 80
Whiston, William de 51, 55, 57Whitacre
Jordan de 152, 156Richard de 169, 178, 188
White, A.B. 44Whitley, manor of, in Wootton Wawen,
Warwickshire 85Whittington, William de 178Wigmore Chronicle 40will 80, 81Willard, J.F. 159William fitz Elias 117–18William fitz Reyner 123William the Marshal, earl of Pembroke 41Williams, Ann 29, 31Willoughby, Richard de 193Willoughby, Warwickshire 171Willybrook Hundred, Northamptonshire
207Wilmcote, Warwickshire 196Wilmcote, William de 59, 60, 61, 89
Wilnecote, John de 152Wiltshire 143Windsor 133Wingham, Henry de 67Winwick, Northamptonshire 49Wittlebury, John de 224Wolf, Philip le 174, 175, 179Wolfhamcote, Warwickshire 199Wolston, Warwickshire 170Wolverton, Peter de 65, 152, 169Wootton Wawen Priory 230Worcestershire 92, 145, 171, 199Wormald, Patrick 33Wormleighton, Warwickshire 192Worthin, John 199, 200Wright, Susan 6, 7writs 38, 45, 46, 47, 49, 122, 123, 124, 125,
211, 213, 218, 220, 223, 224, 225of Edward the Confessor 27Justiciar’s (of 1199) 45of peace 45of right 45
Wulfstan, bishop of Worcester 30Wyard, John, of Meriden, Warwickshire 237