The Northern Renaissance Libertyville HS
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The Northern RenaissanceThe Northern Renaissance
Libertyville HSLibertyville HS
Similarities / Diff. of North,
Italian R.
Similarities / Diff. of North,
Italian R.SimilaritiesSimilarities
• Same religion, until 1517 (Catholicism)
• Same economic system (guilds)
• An artistic center– In Italy, Florence– In North, Burgundy (in
Belgium)
• Same religion, until 1517 (Catholicism)
• Same economic system (guilds)
• An artistic center– In Italy, Florence– In North, Burgundy (in
Belgium)
DifferencesDifferences• North had one small, rich
duchy, Burgundy• A few large, centralized
states = less innovation, merchant power
• North had fewer artists spread over larger area
• North had less focus on Greek, Roman revival; instead, focus was on religious reform
• North had one small, rich duchy, Burgundy
• A few large, centralized states = less innovation, merchant power
• North had fewer artists spread over larger area
• North had less focus on Greek, Roman revival; instead, focus was on religious reform
The Printing Press
The Printing Press
• Chinese invention that was independently developed in Europe
• Invented around 1444– Guild secret– Gutenberg used indiv.
reusable letters– New ink to stick to metal
• 1455: First book off printing press = Bible
• Chinese invention that was independently developed in Europe
• Invented around 1444– Guild secret– Gutenberg used indiv.
reusable letters– New ink to stick to metal
• 1455: First book off printing press = Bible
Impact of Printing Press
Impact of Printing Press
• By 1500 = 20 million books printed
• By 1600 = 140-200 million books printed
• Cheap books + large supply = more literacy
• Education became accessible to regular people (esp. universities)
• By 1500 = 20 million books printed
• By 1600 = 140-200 million books printed
• Cheap books + large supply = more literacy
• Education became accessible to regular people (esp. universities)
Scientific Revolution accelerated b/c scientists learned from each other
Printing press allowed Protestant Reformation b/c ideas spread quickly
Flanders / Belgium
Flanders / Belgium
• Center of Northern Renaissance were the Dukes of Burgundy
– Rich, from wool and banking
– Patrons of the arts– Artists flocked to
Bruges, Brussels
• Duchy eventually conquered, divided between France, HRE
• Center of Northern Renaissance were the Dukes of Burgundy
– Rich, from wool and banking
– Patrons of the arts– Artists flocked to
Bruges, Brussels
• Duchy eventually conquered, divided between France, HRE
FranceFrance
• Charles VII (1403-1461) brought Ren. ideas from Italy – started French Ren.
• Erasmus (1466-1536)– Dutch humanist & Catholic
reformer (Disagreed w/ Luther)
– “Philosophy of Christ”: church departing from selfless love, piety
– Translated Bible from Greek– In Praise of Folly – satire of
Church
• Charles VII (1403-1461) brought Ren. ideas from Italy – started French Ren.
• Erasmus (1466-1536)– Dutch humanist & Catholic
reformer (Disagreed w/ Luther)
– “Philosophy of Christ”: church departing from selfless love, piety
– Translated Bible from Greek– In Praise of Folly – satire of
Church
EnglandEngland
• “Elizabethan Age” = Ren. England
• Elizabeth I (1558-1603)– The “Virgin Queen”– Great patron of the arts
• Francis Bacon: scientific method
• Ben Jonson: Poet, actor, playwright
• Christopher Marlowe: poet, actor – spy?
• “Elizabethan Age” = Ren. England
• Elizabeth I (1558-1603)– The “Virgin Queen”– Great patron of the arts
• Francis Bacon: scientific method
• Ben Jonson: Poet, actor, playwright
• Christopher Marlowe: poet, actor – spy?
William Shakespeare
William Shakespeare
• Considered greatest writer of English language
• Wrote 38 plays, 154 sonnets
• Popular during life: called the “Bard of Avon”
• Considered greatest writer of English language
• Wrote 38 plays, 154 sonnets
• Popular during life: called the “Bard of Avon”
Northern Renaissance PaintersNorthern Renaissance Painters• Characteristics
– Less @ anatomy, perspective
– More @ mastery of technique, detail of subject
• Great Artists of Period– Hubert van Eyck (1385-1426)– Jan van Eyck (1390-1441)– Albrecht Durer (1471-1528)– Hans Holbein (1497-1543)
• Characteristics– Less @ anatomy,
perspective– More @ mastery of
technique, detail of subject
• Great Artists of Period– Hubert van Eyck (1385-1426)– Jan van Eyck (1390-1441)– Albrecht Durer (1471-1528)– Hans Holbein (1497-1543)
Hubert van Eyck – 3 Marys at the Tomb
Northern Renaissance PaintersNorthern Renaissance Painters
Hubert & Jan van Eyck, Altarpiece of Ghent Albrecht Durer – Adoration of the Magi
Northern Renaissance PaintersNorthern Renaissance Painters
Durer, Mary with the Squatting Child Hans Holbein, The Artist’s Family
Northern Renaissance PaintersNorthern Renaissance Painters
Holbein, Portrait of Henry VIII Holbein, Jane Seymour
Northern European ArchitectureNorthern European Architecture• Medieval architectural style
= Gothic– Many cathedrals, abbeys,
etc. built in style
• During late 15th and into 16th centuries, architecture evolved into fusion of Italian Ren. and local preferences
• Medieval architectural style = Gothic
– Many cathedrals, abbeys, etc. built in style
• During late 15th and into 16th centuries, architecture evolved into fusion of Italian Ren. and local preferences
Gothic Cathedral, Reims France
Examples of French Renaissance Architecture
Examples of French Renaissance Architecture
Chateau de Chambord (combo Gothic / Ren)Château de Chenonceau, Loire
Examples of English Renaissance Architecture
Examples of English Renaissance Architecture
Burghley House, 1587 Hardwick Hall, 1597
Other Examples of Renaissance Architecture
Other Examples of Renaissance Architecture
Esztergom Basilica – HungaryThe Escorial - Spain
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