The New York Forest Owner - Volume 41 Number 4

The New Yorl(Forest OwnerA PUBLICATION OF THE NEW YORK FOREST OWNERS ASSOCIATION

JulyAugust 2003

VOlume41 Number 4FOUNDED 1963

In This IssueTHE NEW YORKFOREST OWNERS

ASSOCIATIONVolume 41 Number 4

Officers amp DirectorsGeff Yancey President32 Oliver StreetRochester NY 14607 (585) 271-4567

Peter Smallidge Vice PresidentCornell University Fernow HallIthaca NY 14853 (607) 255-4696

John Druke Secretary6341 Kirkville RoadKirkville NY 13082 (315) 656-2313

Jerry Michael Treasurer4 Leonard LaneBinghamton NY 13901 (607) 648-2941

Debbie Gill Administrative SecretaryPO Box lOSSPenfield NY 14526 (585) 377-6060

Joan Kappel Chair Editorial CommitteePO Box 646Altamont NY 12009-0646 (518) 861-8753

2004Keith Hedgecock Pleasant Valley (845) 635-1279Bob Malmsheimer Cazenovia (315) 470-6909Geff Yancey Rochester (585) 271-4567Paul Yarbrough Ithaca (607) 277-3011

2005Jim Beil Schenectady (518) 355-4471Jack Hamilton Wayland (585) 728-5769Billy Morris Bath (607) 776-4992Sharon Wieder Machias (716) 942-3006

2006Harry Dieter Honeoye Falls (585) 533-2085Jerry Michael Binghamton (607) 648-2941Peter Smallidge Ithaca (607) 255-4696Alan White Jeffersonville (845) 482-3719

Chapter-Designated DirectorsCharlie Mowatt Allegheny Foothills (716) 676-3617Joan amp Hans Kappel Capital District (518) 861-8753Thomas Conklin Cayuga (315) 638-1765John Druke Central New York (315) 656-2313Anne Osboru Lower Hudson (845) 424-3683Pat Ward Northern Adirondack (315) 268-0902Dave amp Jean Preston Niagara Frontier (716) 688-4921Christine Wiley SE Adirondack (518) 692-9292Charlotte Baxter Southern Tier (607) 967-8516Bob OBrien Southern Finger Lakes (607) 594-4600Ray Cavallaro Western Finger Lakes (585) 288-3411

Dan Palm Executive Director645 Decker RdStamford NY 12167 607-538-1305

The New York Woodland Stewards Inc(NYWS) is a 501(c)3 foundation of NYFOAand tax deductible donations to this organizationwill advance NYFOAs educational mission

All rights reserved Contents may not be reproducedwithout prior written permission from the publisherNYFOA does not necessarily support or approve pro-cedures products or opinions presented by authorsor advertisers

copy 2003 New York Forest Owners Association

bull bull bullFROM THE PRESIDENT

Gar yANCEy 3

ANSWERS TO THE STATES TOUGHEST TREE TESTDAN ANDERSON 4

THE KNOTS OF TIMBER TAXLLOYD R CASEY 5

NYS LEGISLATURE ENACTS TIMBER THEFT BILLROBERT MALMSHEIMER 6

WHY ARE THEY PUTTING GOATS IN THE rOOD CHARLIE MOWATT 8

MANAGING A PRIVATE FOREST PROFILE OF ALANDOWNERLOGGER PARTNERSHIP

DOUGLAS R ALLEN ~bull 10

THE SWALLOW-WORTSFRAN LAWLOR 14

THE PITTED AMBROSIA BEETLEDOUGLAS C ALLEN 16

HOW TO TREAT REACTIONS TOPOISO IVY 17

2003 SPRING PLANTINGWANDA AND EDWARD PIESTRAK 18

WOODLOT CALENDAR 20

POSTED SIGN ORDER FORM 20

The New Yorl(Forest OwnerA PUBLICATION OF THE NEW YORK FOREST OWNERS AssOCHTIO~

The New York Forest Owner is a bi-monthly publication of nil Sell York ForestOwners Association PO Box 1055 Penfield N Y 14 -_6 merials submittedfor publication should be sent to Mary Beth Malmsheimer Editor TIle ewYork Forest Owner 134 Lincklaen Street Cazenovia Self York 13035 Materi-als may also be e-mailed to mmalmshesyredu Articles artwork and photosare invited and if requested are returned after use The deadline for submissionfor the SeptemberOctober issue is August 1 2003

Please address all membership fees and change of address requests to PO Box1055 Penfield NY 14526 1-800-836-3566 Cost of family membershipsubscription is $30

wwwnyfoaorg

COVER Jim Winter logger is building the first road into the landing on TheKingdom - the property he manages with owner Jon Schor in CanaanNY - on a John Deere 450G For complete article see page 10 Photo-graph courtesy of Douglas R Allen

2 The New York Forest Owner 414 bull JulyAugust 2003

FT~PresidentVolunteers

Over a decade ago then PresidentGeorge HW Bush gave an importantaddress which highlighted much of what isright about America He spent the majorityof his speech describing the thousandpoints of light which was his descriptor forall the volunteer groups organizations andpeople that do so much of the good andprovide so much service in our great landThe value of all that volunteerism isincalculable and unending Volunteerfirefighters Big brothers and sisters Mealson Wheels Rotary Kiwanis and Lionsclubs tutors blood donors nursing home

entertainersUnited WaycampaignsHabitat forHumanitybuilders thelist could fill thisentire magazineand then someWe have many

energetic and energized volunteers in ourown NYFOA Board members standingcommittee members chapter steeringcommittee members and officers to namesome and Master Forest OwnerCovertsVolunteers (MFOs)

This group of almost 200 strong is a greatasset to the future of private woodlands inNew York State Every year in the fallsince 1991 twenty to forty MFO candidateshave traveled to Cornells Arnot Forestwhere they spend four days in a certificationtraining workshop This training consists ofclassroom and outdoor experiences in manyareas including tree identification findingboundaries forest ecology wildlifemanagement communication ideas timbermanagement and a great opportunity tobecome familiar with the myriad resourcesavailable to private woodland ownersOnce the band of newly minted MFOs is

trained they begin the task of informinglocal resources (Cooperative ExtensionDEC NYFOA) of their availability andstart outreach activities through newspaperand magazine articles presentations andNYFOA meetings The heart of what theydo is in visits to private landowners who are

generally in the early stages of thinkingabout a more active management of theirproperties

MFOs do not give professional advice orperform management activities but they doprovide information encouragement andgeneral direction toward managing forests ina manner that enhances owner satisfactionMy own MFO visits usually consist of awalk on the property a discussion about thepriority goals of the forest owner (sawtimber wildlife biodiversity recreationhunting) review of boundary markings andaccess and finally leaving the landownerwith a number of other potential resources topursue (including information about NY-FOA)These motivated men and women are of

great benefit under any circumstances butespecially in these times when both state andfederal resources are very tight The impactthat they have had since 1991 covershundreds and hundreds of landowners andthousands upon thousands of acres It isimpossible to gauge the benefits to the forestand to the satisfaction of the landownerswho have been visited by the MFOs but itis certainly very significant and importantThis years class of new candidates will

gather at the Arnot from September 10-14The training is free due to all of the volun-teers who organize and speak at the eventThe sponsors of the program are CornellCooperative Extension and the Departmentof Natural Resources at Cornell NYFOAthe Ruffed Grouse Society the WentorfFoundation the National Wild TurkeyFederation and DEe Gary Goff fromCornell is the Program director who does asuperb job of organizing this program andenergizing past graduates with refreshercourses each year in locations throughout thestateThanks to all who make this program

work As with most volunteer activities thevolunteers benefit as much as the recipientsIf you are looking for a good place tovolunteer this is a good one If this isnt theright time for you consider contacting anMFO to help you with your woods Formore information contact Gary Goff at(607) 255-2824 or grg3cornelledu bull

-Geff Yancey President

I1We would like to support good for-estry and stewardship of New Yorksforest lands

J middot NYFOA is a not-for-om profit group of NY State bull landowners promoting

stewardship of private forests for thebenefit of current and future generationsThrough local chapters and statewideactivities NYFOA helps woodlandowners to become responsible stewardsand interested publics to appreciate theimportance of New Yorks forests

Join NYFOA today and begin to receiveits many benefits including six issues ofThe New York Forest Ownerwoodswalks chapter meetings and twostatewide meetings Complete and mailthis form

acres of wood-( ) I1We ownland( ) I1We do not own woodland butsupport the Associations objectives

Name _Address -------------------City _State ZipTelephone _County of Residence _County of WoodlotReferred by _

Regular Annual Dues( ) Student $10(Please provide copy of student ID)( ) Individual $25( ) Family $30Sustaining Memberships(Includes NYFOA annual dues)( ) Contributor $50-$99( ) Sponsor $100-$249( ) Benefactor $250-$499( ) Steward $500 or moreFor regular memberships make checkpayable to New York Forest OwnersAssociation For sustaining NYFOAmemberships indicate if for individualor family and make check payable toNYWS (New York Woodland StewardsInc) Contributions to NYWS in excessof NYFOA dues are normally taxdeductible Send the completed form to

NYFOAPO Box 1055

Penfield New York 145261-800-836-3566wwwnyfoaorg

The New York Forest Owner 414 bull JulyAugust 2003 3

The States Toughest Tree Test

Forest Management Planning - Timber Sale AdministrationForest Inventory amp Appraisal- Timber amp Forestland Tax Support - Assurance

Forest Restoration amp Rehabilitation - Arboricultural ConsultingLitigation Support

Our Certified Foresters and Arborists have been assisting clients with their trees and forests inNew York Pennsylvania and New England for 20 years with offices in

Here are the answers to theStates Toughest Tree TestThank you for your patience

and waiting for the answers of theseriddles to appear in this issue We hopeyou had fun trying to figure these out

1 This tree is always found intwos [Pear - pair]

2 Our local sweetheart tree [SugarMaple]

3 NYFOA members love this treebecause it can go veneer that isin perfect condition [Cherry]

4 You could long for this tree[Pine]

5 Two of the saddest trees in ourforests [Weeping Willow amp BlueSpruce]

6 Our favorite Halloween shrub[Witch Hazel]

7 You might bonk an old person withthis tree [Box Elder]

Syracuse Area3156767810

abforestryexpertscom

8 When I glance your way I mightsee [Yew]

9 This tree is angry because it isalways burned up [Ash]

1O Three of four human taste budtingling trees [Bitternut Sourgumamp Sweetgum]

11 Too many of these in your woodscould be considered a BiblicalPlague [Locust]

12 This may have been your initiallovers tree [Beech]

13 This Southern tree needsRogaine [Bald Cypress]

14 This small tree could be litigationagainst Old MacDonald [Sumac- sue mac]

15 Something is fishy here[Basswood]

16 You could be barking up thewrong tree [Dogwood]

17 The Dutchmans favorite tree[Tulip Tree]

Br~)ks~FORESTRY amp RESOURCEMANAGEMENT COMPANY

UticaRome Area3153380899

cvforestryexpertscom

DAN ANDERSON

18 This Southern tree could be usefulif you drank too much coffee on afishing trip [Pecan - pee can]

19 Planting this tree could clean upyour yard [Spruce]

20 Add a J to the front of this treename and rou might get it [J+Oak]

21 Could a seismograph detect thepresence of this tree in yourwoodlot [Quaking Aspen]

22 A ative American might quiverfor this shrub [Arrowhead]

23 The ke to unlocking this riddleis on the borrom of the skirt[Hemlock]

24 The softest wood in our forests[Cottonwood]

25 This tree ne er produces anyleaners as it is always perfectlyvertical [plum - plumb] bull

Dan Anderson is all MFO and the Vice-Chairman of The Allegany Foothills chapter ofNYFOA

Our approach is broad Our results are credible Our commitment is genuine


LLOYD R CASEY

The private forest landowners of thiscountry generally sell timber fromtheir land only once or twice in their

lifetime Most of them pay income tax onthe gross sale receipts which is foolish anda few forget to pay any taxes due A recentstudy in New York by the IRS found that60 of those individuals forgot to pay theirtaxes

Although no one likes to pay income taxor any tax for that matter you should knowthat the most you should ever have to pay is20 Any timber sale qualifies for capitalgains which has a top tax rate of 20 Many people will pay only 10 dependingon how much they net on the sale Anindividual can save in other ways too as the153 unemployment tax is not due oncapital gains and they do not affect SocialSecurity Income for those who are retiredThe biggest deduction that many owners

miss is the basis or the amount ofinvestment that owners have in that asset Itis important that when purchasing forestland that the cost is separated between theland and the timber A consultant forestercan calculate this for you Once the basis isestablished on a per unit basis this amount

can be deducted from the sales receipt at thetime of the saleThe basis has two parts the amount that

you paid for the timber and the volume ofthe timber The amount that you paid nevergoes up but the volume (board feet) goesup every year Consequently the cost perunit goes down

For example the original cost basis was$100 per one thousand board feet After 10years the timber volume has doubled andyour amount invested stays the same so thebasis become $50 per thousand This then($50thousand board feet) would be the unitthat is deducted from the gross receipts andtax would be paid on the net sales receipts

It is very important that you know howmany board feet you sold and the amountper unit that you received from the buyerThe only way that you could deduct yourentire basis at one time would be if youcleared all of the timber off the landMany owners did not establish their basis

at the time they purchased the woodland Acompetent consultant forester can cruise thewoods establish the growth rate anddiscount the volume back to the date ofpurchase NYS Department of Environ-mental Conservation provides a stumpageprice report periodically that can be used asa source for historical pricesAs a general rule of thumb if the land

was purchased over 20 years ago it willcost you more to establish the basis than theamount of tax savings you would receiveThe bottom line is know what you paid forthe timber and deduct your investment fromthe gross timber sales receipts ~

Lloyd R Casey works in the Forest LandOwner Assistance area of the USDA ForestService Northeastern Area

fountain forestryTupper Lake NY (518) 359 3089

nnyfountainforestrycom

Lake George NY (518) 668 3237snyfountainforestrycom

Services for Private Public and Corporate Landowners Worldwide

wwwfountainforestrycom

The New York Forest Owner 414 bull JulyAugust 2003

Bruce ERobinson IncFORESTRY CONSULTANTS

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IMMATURE STANDSbull WILDLIFE MANAGEMENTbull FOREST TAXATION PLANNING

Ph (716) 665-5477Fax (716) 664-5866

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5

NYS Legislature Enacts TimberTheft Bill

On June 16 and 17 the New YorkState Senate and Assemblypassed a bill that would signifi-

cantly amend New Yorks timber theftlaws and establish a mechanism for theNYS Department of EnvironmentalConservation (DEC) to review and adviselocal governments on proposed ordi-nances that may impact the practice offorestry As of June 26 the bill wasawaiting Governor Patakis approval Ifthe Governor signs the bill the new lawwould increase the rights of New Yorkforestland owners that suffer a timbertheftWhile the bill would have significant

impact on public and private forest landsthis article focuses on the bills impact onNYSs private forestland owners I beginwith a review of current efforts toaddress timber theft The article thenexamines the bills timber theft provi-sions and highlights some of its otherprovisions I conclude with some com-ments on additional timber theft issuesthe legislature needs to address

HistoryIn 2000 the NYS Legislative Commis-

sion on Rural Resources and the SenateAgriculture Committee (LCRR amp SAC)under the chairmanships of SenatorsPatricia McGee and Nancy LarraineHoffmann held hearings throughout thestate to assess the scope of the timber

theft problem and elicit various perspec-tives on the topic The hearings revealedthat current NYS law contained inad-equate timber theft protections for privateand state lands The Senators thenconvened a Timber Theft PreventionTask Force (TTPTF) to assist in craftinglegislation to address the problem TheTTPTFs recommendations resulted inthe introduction of three bills thislegislative session (see MalmsheimerThree Timber Theft Bills Introduced inNYS Legislature New York ForestOwner 41(3)6-7)While these efforts were underway

Senator Ronald Stafford introduced a billin the 2001-2002 legislative session thatcontained timber theft and other provi-sions That bill was passed by the Senatebut never voted on by the AssemblyThe current bill which was passed by

both houses includes provisions from theStafford bill and some of the TTPTFsrecommendations The Senate approvedthe bill 44 to 17 on June 16 and theAssembly approved it 141 to 7 on June17

Timber Theft on Private ForestlandsThe bill would repeal the current

timber theft provisions in the RealProperty Actions and Proceedings lawwhich authorizes civil lawsuits againsttimber thieves for monetary damagesand replace it with a new section that

271 County Road 9Chenango Forks NY 13746

(607) 648-5512E-mail snowhawkejunocom

Timber AppraisalTimber Sales

Forest Stewardship PlansForestry 480-A Plans

Restore the American Chestnut

ROBERT MALMSHEIMER

clearly defines how courts should assessdamages Under the bill if anyonewithout the consent of the owner cutsdown or carries off (or causes to be cutdown or carried off) any tree or girdlesor otherwise despoils a tree on the landof another the landowner can sue theperpetrator for three times the stumpagevalue of the trees or $250 per tree orboth The bill would also allow the forestlandowner to sue the timber thief forpermanent and substantial damage causedto their land or its improvementsAccording to the bill this compensationfor injury to land or its improvementsshould be designed to restore the lands totheir condition immediately before theviolation Judges can order defendants tophysically restore the lands andor assessmonetary damages to allow the forestlandowner to make restorationThe bill provides for some protection

for defendants that mistakenly asopposed to deliberately commit a timbertheft However this provision still allowsthe forest landowner whose trees wereillegally cut and land damaged to becompensated by the defendant If thedefendant can prove by clear andconvincing evidence that when he or shecommitted the theft that he or she hadreason to believe the land was his or herown or he or she had a legal right toharvest such land then the court shouldaward the forestland owner the stumpagevalue or $250 or both Thus defendantsin these cases are only responsible for thestumpage value or 5250 per tree (orboth) rather than three times the stump-age value or 5250 per tree (or both)Even if this section applies the defendantis still liable for an permanent andsubstantial damage caused to the land orits improvementsThe bill defines stumpage value as

the fair market value of a tree prior to itssale curling or removal It allowsstumpage value to be determined by oneor more of the following methods


1) the sale price of the tree in anarms-length sale2) a review of solicited bids for the

tree3) the DECs stumpage price reports4) comparison with other sales of trees

on state or private lands or5) other appropriate means that

establish fair market value within anacceptable range based on the geo-graphic areaImportantly the bill also provides for

judges in criminal timber theft cases toorder a convicted defendant to pay theforest landowner restitution as part ofthe defendants sentence The bill allowsjudges to direct the defendant to pay theforest landowner three times the stump-age value of the trees stolen and for anypermanent and substantial damage to theland and its improvements This sectionshould eliminate the need for someforest landowners to sue a timber thief incivil court for damages after the thief hasbeen convicted by a criminal courtSince restitution is part of thedefendants sentence rather than a civilcourts judgment which the landownermust enforce more effected landownersshould be compensated for their injuries

Another important aspect of the billattempts to address courts districtattorneys and law enforcement offi-cials lack of understanding of timbertheft and its impacts on forest landown-ers and the states forest resources Thebill authorizes the DEC Commissionerto work with the NYS AttorneyGenerals Office and the Office of CourtAdministration to develop and provideeducational training programs formunicipal justice courts district attor-neys and law enforcement agencies onthe control and prosecution of timbertheft and trespass

Other ProvisionsThe LCRR amp SACs hearings re-

vealed that timber theft was also aproblem on public lands The bill makestimber theft a criminal offense and aClass A misdemeanor and increases civilpenalties for timber theft on public landsto make them equivalent to the proposedpenalties for private lands and requiresreparations for permanent and substan-tial damage

Research has shown that many NYSmunicipalities have enacted ordinancesthat impact forest practices and there issome evidence that these municipalities donot understand how these ordinancesimpact forest landowners or forestresources This bill would establish amechanism for the DEC Commissioneron her own initiative or upon the writtenrequest of a municipality or a forestlandowner within the municipality tocomment on proposed ordinances thatmay restrict the practice of forestry TheCommissioner could comment on impactof the proposed ordinance upon the long-term viability of the municipalitys forestsand suggest modifications to minimize theproposed ordinances impacts on forestpractices The Commissioner has 45 daysto make her comments during which timethe municipality must defer adopting theproposed ordinance The bill would alsorequire towns developing a master plan tofacilitate the practice of forestry inways similar to other agricultural uses

ConclusionThis bill provides a real improvement in

the mechanisms that NYS landowners canuse to receive compensation for timberthefts NYS legislators should be ap-plauded for passing the bill Howeverbefore the bill can provide these protec-tions the Governor must sign it

Even if the bill becomes law there areother timber theft issues that the LRRC ampSACs hearings exposed that the legisla-ture needs to address For example whilethe bill contains provisions for the DECCommissioner to educate municipaljustice courts district attorneys and law

Diverse Organizations SupportTimber Theft Bill

In addition to NYFOA a diversecoalition of organizations support thetimber theft bill These organizationsinclude

Adirondack Council bullAdirondack Landowners Associationbull Audubon New York raquo CatskillForest Association bull Empire StateForest Products Association bull NewYork Farm Bureau bull New York

Timber Producers

enforcement agencies about the controland prosecution of timber theft andtrespass the legislature still needs toappropriate funding for the DEC toimplement this education program Moreimportantly this bill provides mecha-nisms for forest landowners who havealready suffered a timber theft It doesnot contain provisions to prevent timbertheft from occurring As the LRRCshearings and the TTPTF agreed NYSforest landowners need to be educatedabout how to prevent timber theft Afterthis bill becomes law the legislatureneeds to authorize and provide fundingfor a timber theft education program forforest landowners so that fewer NYSforest landowners need to use this billstimber theft compensation provisions bull

Robert Malmsheimer is an Assistant Professorof Forest Law and Policy at SUNY ESF amember of the NYFOA Board of Directors andis a member of the NYS LegislativeCommissions Timber Theft Advisory Commit-tee

NYS Legislative SponsorsWhile the bill received overwhelming support in both the Senate and the Assembly -the Senate approved the bill 44 to 17 and the Assembly approved it 141 to 7 - theprime sponsors of the bill deserve recognition for their support of New Yorks forestland

SenateElizabeth Little Nancy Larraine Hoffmann Patricia McGee Raymond MeierJames Wright James Alesi John Bonacic John DeFrancisco Hugh Farley GeorgeMaziarz Olga Mendez Michael Nozzolio Mary Lou Rath

AssemblyWilliam Parment Darrel Aubertine RoAnn Destito Jacob Gunther John LavelleJohn McEneny Richard Smith


with which to damage larger moreheavily-barked overstory trees You cansee in the accompanying before andafter pictures what effect the goats hadon the understory vegetation in just a fewdays The vegetation cleaned out by thegoats consisted mainly of ironwood andhoneysuckle Remember those are thespecies that the white-tailed deer passedup in favor of the maple ash and blackcherryJust removing the undesirable understo-

ry does not by itself result in regenerat-ing desirable species The white-taileddeer were the cause of the problem in thefirst place so they must be effectivelydealt with At Hog Hollow deer huntingis encouraged with particular emphasison the taking of female deer We believethat legal hunting offers the best means ofcurbing the rapid rise in deer populationand its negati e effects on the regenera-tion of native hardwood trees in ourwoods In fact among the ironwoodbeech and honeysuckle regenerationthere are very occasional hard maple andblack cherry saplings They may havesurvived because hunting in recent yearshas reduced deer populations sufficientlyto allow at least some of the desirablespecies to regenerate In fact some of thedesirable species were scattered insideone of the goat paddocks and were subjectto the whims of the goats in the name of

Why Are They Putting GoatsIn The Woods

Underthe guidance of StateExtension Forester PeterSmallidge a research and demon-

stration project entitled Goats In TheWoods has been under way at CornellUniversitys Arnot Teaching and ResearchForest south of Ithaca NY for the past fiveyears The purpose of the collaborativeresearch is to assess and demonstrate goatweight gain in woodland settings howgoats affect desired and undesired forestvegetation and the working relationshipthat might be developed between woodlandowners and goat producersMuch valuable knowledge and experi-

ence has been gained through the first fouryears at The Arnot Forest The project infact showed sufficient positive results thatin 2002 satellite demonstration areas wereset up in Sullivan County ChemungCounty and Cattaraugus County Havingalready demonstrated the potential useful-ness of goats in the woods at The ArnotForest the purpose of the satellite farmswas to bring the project to the directattention of woodland owners and goatproducers across the State Personally Ibelieve that Pete Smallidge also had ahidden agenda in creating the satellite sitesHe was becoming tired of all the goat jokesdirected at him by woodland owners andforesters who visited The Arnot Forest andhe wanted to spread the joy to others thanhimself

CHARLIE MOWATT

Be that as it may our Hog Hollow TreeFarm was selected as the 2002 Cattarau-gus County satellite site Here we wereparticularly interested in how goats wouldhandle our undesirable forest vegetationhoneysuckle and ironwood as well as thebeech sprouts Such undesirable under-story vegetation was created by thedifferential browsing of our residentwhite-tailed deer population The highpopulations of deer consume the desirablehard maple white ash and black cherryseedlings leaving the undesirable beechironwood and honeysuckle to proliferatein the understory If unattended thesespecies will block the ability of many ofour native tree species as well as othernative plants from regenerating In orderto reverse this trend the undesirableunderstory must be substantially removedin order to give the desirables an equalchance to survive In some similarforests the undesirable understory treesand plants are eliminated by sprayingwith glyphosate (Roundup) Of coursethere are some environmental andeconomic questions about employingchemical sprays but more than thatmuch potential goat forage is lost

Enter twenty project goats They eatanything green that they can reach and thebark of small trees Having been born inearly 2002 these Boer-cross wether kidsdid not posses sufficiently mature teeth


The Goat Grazing Team at Charlie Mowatts Hog Hollow farm

research Yes goats also feed on desir-able species just like the deer Howeverthere are places where white ash and hardmaple seedlings havent been able growpast knee high due to intense andrepeated deer browsing

Each satellites woodlot owner wasteamed with a goat producer and assigneda herd of 20 goats to be kept in a woodlotthrough the Summer In our case thegoat producer was Don Wild a PastureSpecialist with the US Department ofAgriculture The project also attractedseveral young volunteers who helpedweigh move and treat goat ailments asneeded throughout their stay at HogHollow The team or individuals of theteam were responsible for daily supple-mental feeding watering and healthmanagement of the herd as well as fenceset-up inspection and maintenance TheTeam moved the goats to new paddocksas appropriate In all eight paddockswere employed over the frrst two monthsof the project (July and August) Duringthe last month the goats were placed onbetter pasturage including birdsfoottrefoil in order to obtain optimum weightgain before being sold

Paddocks are slightly larger than one-quarter of an acre in size Past experienceat The Arnot Forest has demonstrated thata goat herd of 20 animals will accomplishthe designated task in 7 to 10 days Suchproved to be the case at Hog Hollow aswell In two months the goats went

through eight paddocks that ranged in sizefrom 26 acre to 34 acre In all theycleared the understory of 24 acres in thetwo months they were in the woodsDuring the Fall deer hunting season

Hog Hollow Tree Farm and its neighborWright Farms a dairy farm again openedup their lands to deer hunting Moreoverthe Department of Environmental Conser-vation has recognized the problems causedby high deer populations Such recognitionhas taken the form of more liberal deerhunting licensing In addition the DECassigned Deer Management Permits(DMAPs) to the Wright Farms in order tohelp reduce crop damage caused by deerAll of the focus on deer hunting resulted inthe harvest of at least 72 deer in ourvalley Thats at least 24 deer per squaremile in our valley (about 2000 acres orthree square miles) We were very pleasedthat such hunting pressure could bebrought to bear by hunters in a season thatwas not very favorable weather wise Ourpleasure was short-lived when we went outto look at the Christmas tree plantationbehind the house this Spring The huntingpressure did not have much effect onreducing deer browse damage to ourChristmas trees Last Winters heavy andpersistent snow contributed to the damagedtrees because the deer were limited intheir ability to move about and fmdadequate alternative browseOn the brighter side the Goat Grazing

Team was recognized by the Natural

Resources Conservation Service at itsannual Statewide Employee RecognitionDay on December 11 2002 at VernonNew York The Team was honored withone of the four Flying V Awards forwork accomplished in support of agencygoals and objectives The presentationtook particular note of the collaborativenature of the volunteer work that wentinto the project just as geese collaboratein flight (And did you know why theV formation of geese usually has oneside longer than the other there aremore geese on one side)

We anticipate another herd of goats tobrowse again at Hog Hollow Tree Farmthis Summer If you fmd the time pleasedrop by to see the activity first hand Anadvance call would be appreciated (716)676-3617 Ask for a location map andone will be sent to you Bring your kidsto see our kids bull

Charlie Mowatt is a member of the AlleghenyFoothills chapter of NYFOA He resides atHog Hollow Tree Farm in CattaraugusCounty NY

Lake GeorgeForestry

Complete Forestry Servicesincluding

bull Detailed ManagementPlans

bull Timber Trespassbull Timber Salesbull Appraisalsbull Deed Researchbull Timber Inventorybull Watershed Managementbull Boundary Line Locationbull Tax Savings PlansNo property is too small or too large tobenefitfrom experienced professional as-sistance when you are faced with im-portant decisions regarding its use

Contact Lake George Forestry today toarrange a free initial consultation

Christian Gearwear PresidentLAKE GEORGEFORESTRY INC

50 Hendrick StreetLake George New York 12845

PhoneFax 518-668-2623


Managing A Private ForestProfile OfA LandownerLogger Partnership

DOUGLAS R ALLEN

Hold on to your teeth Burlybearded Jon Schor shouted overthe revving Kawaski Mule

engine and the chill wind whistlingthrough the Taconic Mountains It wasNovember late in the afternoonTwo seconds later we were barreling

down a steep ravine heading west fromMercer Mountain in the township ofCanaan New York toward Jons home atQuailwood Too FarmWinding snowmobile trails took us

through the farmsteads 300 acres ofwoods One hundred forty of these acresare a certified Tree Farm and are alsopart of a land conservation easement

We skirted the edge of a pond in a largeclearing and continued on a farm road toJons house passing stacks of firewoodlogs and the wood splitting operation Atthat point we caught a glimpse of the longhorns and shaggy coats of Scotch High-land cattle grazing in a nearby pastureFor several hours we had been touring

The Kingdom Jons second recentlyacquired woodlot on the other side ofMercer Mountain This is a heavilyforested 700-acre chunk of land with anortheastern exposure its name inspiredby the Northeast Kingdom of VermontHaving a working forest of this scale is therealization of one of Jons lifelong dreamsJust before our rapid descent he and I

had stopped to take in the view near thecrest of the mountain which reaches1808 feet in elevation Higher ridges ofthe Taconics stretched out behind usroughly on a north-south axis straddlingthe NY MA border We were situated afew miles north and west of HarveyMountain which with its 2065-footsummit on the state line is the highestelevation in Columbia County This iswhy I live here Jon said reverentlySome of the prettiest countryside on the

planet surrounded us Forested landspread in all directions Our view to the

west was breathtaking even in fadingautumn colors It was one of those vistasthat inspire people to make art or putdown roots in the Hudson Valley Cascad-ing ridges of the wooded glacially carvedhills descended into the distance The eyedrifted easily over the invisible HudsonRiver to the Catskill Mountain peaks onthe horizon To the northwest twenty-fivemiles as the crow flies we had a clearlook at the distinctive skyline of down-town Albany the state capitalMike Mulligan regional NYS Forester

estimates that 60-65 of the entire countyis wooded He adds an interesting statisticfor comparison which is that 10 or lessof the same land was wooded at thebeginning of the 20th century making astrong case for managing these renewableresources wiselyThat November afternoon Jon had been

showing off some of the logging beingdone by Jim Winter his partner inmanaging the 1000 acres of woods

I hadnt met Jim yet but his work spokefor itself Felled trees not yet limbed and

topped showed his skills at reading a treeand using a chainsaw Each mature redoak had been taken down with superbdirectional felling that left almost novisible damage to surrounding treesWhere he had done the limbing andremoved the logs he had cleanly sawedoff the splintered hinges leaving smoothwooden tabletop stumps a few inchesoff the groundOn our way into this side of the moun-

tain we had passed Jims Timberjack230A forwarder loaded with oak sawlogsThis big green machine is a major reasonwhy the logging roads were remarkablyclean even with a timber cut still inprogress

Jim uses a grapple skidder a JohnDeere 548E to create mini landings ordecks where he stacks the full-lengthlogs after he has taken down selectedtrees Putting sawlogs and firewood logsin separate decks begins the sortingprocess He uses skid trails to avoidpacking down any more soil than neces-sary and spreads some of the slash and

Kawasaki Mule on the brand new woods road Jon Schor landowner is behind wheel JimWinter the logger and road builder is standing to the right and Jason Falkner a farm em-ployee on the left



DOUGLAS R ALLEN


















using them up Jon is concerned withlocal development to the degree that hesinvestigating the possibility of donatingthe larger woodlot to the state to keep it adiverse multiple use forestWhile the two partners share an overall

vision they have different perspectivesregarding money for example Jonsoutlook is philosophical Managing aforest is really profitable only if you lovethe woods he said to me I think youhave to love the woods more than youwant to make a lot of money If you justbreak even fmancially but have aningrained love of the woods and can seethe forest flourishing as you work thefringe benefits are fabulous But thesebenefits are not money in the bank

On the other hand timber harvesting isa tangible everyday living for JimWinter He and Jen are raising threechildren and establishing a homesteadThey have the immediate pressures ofpaying the mortgage and paying off theequipment and keeping it maintainedWhile his working partnership with Jon isa primary focus Jims work includescontracting with other clients and tendingto these other logging jobs keeps himbusier than he would like to beBut actually enjoying what they do is

among the highest priorities for both menWhen Jon took me on the raucous woodsride on his Mule last fall he wasexclaiming with enthusiasm the wholetime about different aspects of managinghis woodlots In a way hes living aboyhood dream

For Jim who earns his living fromthem the woods are also a great source ofpleasure and recreation He keeps histimber harvesting schedule flexible andhell even put it on hold if necessary toaccommodate the bow rifle and blackpowder seasons for whitetail deer

He cheerfully describes himself as adeer-hunting fanatic who has trackedtrophy bucks for years in the TaconicRange at times using motion-detectingcameras set up in likely browsing areasHes also a devotee of hunting tile wildturkey and factors that into his workschedule The woods are in his blood andits easy to sense a parallel between hisdeep respect for a trophy animal and his

Managing a Private Forest (continued)

Theyre planning for a total of fiveaccess routes into the mountainside but atthis point have just two in workingcondition Tucker and Bob two of Jonsemployees were helping put the fmishingtouches on the first road on that day inAugust They were bringing in dumptruck loads of shale dumping 5~ tons atrip where Jim had scraped off the thinlayer of mountain dirt and removedinterfering stones Jim then spread theshale with the dozer shaping it fordrainage with a slight crown or slope hereand there and back-blading it smoothlyBesides needing a solid road to the

landing keeping up appearances in thesense of being a good neighbor is a pointof personal and professional pride on thisjobThe shale was first-rate material andas I watched the road grow curving intotile trees it took on the appearance of afine driveway for a substantial countryproperty like the estates on the other sideof the mountainThe road building itself was a terrific

work of synergy The source of the shalewas a hillside right next to 200-plus cordsof firewood logs at Jims homestead innearby Austerlitz Tucker and Bob usingJims backhoe and loader were clawingout the crumbly shale and loading up Jonsenormous farm dump truck then haulingit several miles over the mountain to theaccess road So at the same time as theroad was beginning to materialize a level

building site was emerging on Jimsproperty - for a future equipment barnand workshop for Jim Winter TimberHarvesting Inc A really neat enterpriseall round

I always like to leave things a littlebetter than 1 found them Jon remarkedthat day watching Jim bulldozing the newroad At this point theyre really justgetting started on this whole venture andjudging from tile quality of the accessroad theyre setting very high standards

As partners the two men are committedto intelligent silviculture Theyre manag-ing tile woods for commercial productsbut theyre intent on keeping and enhanc-ing the healthy diversity of the forestThey see themselves as responsible forleaving the land improved and accessibleto future generations - for wildlifeesthetics and recreation as well as forsustainable harvestingOne of their motivations is to save this

side of the mountain from development Indramatic contrast to tile wildness of Jonsland with its population of black bearmink fisher whitetail deer beaver andoccasional moose the other side ofMercer Mountain is an array of expensivehouses and mini-estates carved into theslopesThe contrast points up tensions that exist

nationwide How do we preserve thebeauties of the land and still live on it andhow do we use natural resources without

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admiration for a majestic red oakJim is turning forty this year and has

been in the woods for about twenty-eight of those years hunting and timber-ing His work with chainsaws has anostalgic side to it because Jim hasmemories of his own father clearing ahomestead in Connecticut by hand usinga bow sawJim offers good old-fashioned

service From his perspective eachwoodlot he works in has a unique biologytopography and geology and every forestowner is different Each owner hasdifferent esthetic and business interestsEvery harvesting job is customized withthese variables in mind

I see myself as a craftsman Jim toldme If I were making furniture eachpiece would be carefully planned andmeticulously crafted On a larger scaleevery piece of work 1take on is custom-ized for special purposes and effectsA Husqvarna 372XP is his primary saw

for felling and bucking Years ago weused bigger saws Jim recalls but sawshave gotten a lot better and over timeweve become more sophisticated intaking trees down I can do most of theharvesting I need to with a two-foot baron this saw On the other hand aHusqvarna 246 gives him lightweightpower and speed for limbing

Using tax maps and survey maps Jonand Jim plan their sawlog harvest bygeographic areas so-many acres this yearfrom this section and so-many acres fromthat section depending on the health andmaturity of particular stands and takingmarket conditions into account Underconsideration as a possible investment fornext year is Geographic InformationSystems (GIS) computer mappingsoftwareAt this juncture the other crucial aspect

of their operation is the working partner-ship between Jim and Jennifer When thechildren are in school Jen does the timbercruising with Jim to select and estimatethe value of the standing trees Makingnotes and doing the numbers in the woodsspeeds up the process plus they enjoybeing in the woods together Whenpossible she helps Jim with grading andscaling A real power behind theforwarder Jen also manages the businessconnections by telephone making

arrangements with buyers and truckersA lot of planning and preparation went

into the first year of operations andtheyre really just getting underway interms of actual harvesting In 2001 theydid a 40-acre cut on the tree farm Theytook about 30 of the harvestable timberand left crop trees some of which were 24inches in diameter for future seedingJims estimate for this kind of cut is thattheyll be able to return in ten possiblyeight years and take another harvest fromthe same tractIn 2002 they did another 40-acre cut on

the farm woodlot The only cut in theKingdom so far is the one I saw inNovember which was 30 acres in thevicinity of the now-completed access roadIn the fall of 2002 Jim is finishing atimber harvesting job for another client ona woodlot that amazingly abuts Jonsproperty at the second access road intotheir part of the mountain Call it moresynergy or a combination of goodplanning and good karma but theyresustainably harvesting their way into theKingdom

In years past when he was in histwenties and doing production loggingJim single-handedly cut a million boardfeet a year But recently he has beenharvesting fewer trees and deliveringmore fully rounded services to landown-ers The trees are generally of higherquality and he now harvests between300000 and 400000 board feet a yearHaving used brokers in the past Jim

now deals directly with Canadian sawmillsfor most sales Theyve established anagreement on scaling and grading stan-dards and after a sawmill truck hasdelivered a load of lumber to sayConnecticut its very convenient and costeffective for the driver to pick up a back-haul of logs from one of Jims landingsin the Taconics and take it to the mill inCanadaThe current poor pulpwood market

doesnt affect their operations becausetheir round wood harvest consists offirewood logs their second major woodproduct Jon was selling firewood a yearago by word-of-mouth and this year hesstepping up that part of the business bypurchasing a firewood processor Hesstarting with a Palax 600 Combi that hismen can take into the woods with a three-

point-hitch tractor Jason a young manwhos another of the farm employeeshelps Tucker and Bob with the firewoodsplitting and deliveryJim Winter has his own rapidly growing

supply of firewood and envisions awarehouse operation someday to keep thesplit hardwood dry Another interestingidea is to bring in a portable sawmill thiswinter and mill some of their ownlumber (While that might require morethan twenty-four hours in a day the threekids are growing fast)Because Jon owns the land he and Jim

have certain luxuries - for example thechoice to stop cutting a certain speciesuntil the market improves This also buysthem time for extras that a commercialcontracting operation couldnt afford likedoing an esthetic cut for a view on TheOverlook a spot high in the farm woodswith a spectacular view This also givesthem the latitude and incentive to do apremium quality job on the roads thelandings the stumps the tops and thefirewood harvestLike a long novel this whole partner-

ship is a work in progress Its allbecoming more exciting for both landown-er and logger as more work is accom-plished Jon is having the time of his lifeAnd Jim and Jen and their lively poten-tiallogging crew of kids are embarkingon a great adventure on this beautifulmountain thats right next door - it mightnot be romantic poetry exactly but thenagain maybe it is bull

Douglas R Allen is a freelance writer fromChatham NY coauthor of Shaker FurnitureMakers (University Press of New England1989) Exploring the world of timberharvesting in eastern New York has inspiredhim to begin searching for a woodlot of hisown

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The Swallow-wortsEuropean orpale swallow-wort and Black swallow-wort

Swallow-worts Eurpopean andBlack are twining vines of themilkweed family They are herba-

ceous non-woody perennials that invadenatural areas forest lands and perennialcrops such as Christmas trees They havebeen attracting increasing attention inrecent decades as aggressive invaders ofthese habitats The swallow-worts toleratea wide range of light and moistureconditions and they are capable offorming large dense tangled standsespecially in drier soils These two nonnative invasives are not as widely knownas a number of other invasive plants suchas purple loosestrife or buckthorn but tothose afflicted (see sidebar) swallow-worts are formidable managementproblems Their North American rangesare steadily increasingLike other milkweeds these species

contain toxic substances cardiac glyco-sides that make them unsuitable forforage Native herbivores such as deer donot browse them preferring the nativeplants to which they are adapted The lack

Small flowers in loose clusters along the stemat the leafaxils bloom from May throughmid to late summer copy Kate Woodle

FRAN LAWLOR

of herbivore controls and of diseasescontributes to the ability of the swallow-worts to dominate areas they invade Thepreferential grazing of native speciescompounded with aggressive reproductionand growth of the swallow-worts serious-ly compromises the ability of the nativeplant communities to compete and toregenerate Once swallow-wort establish-es in an area the numerous wind-bornseeds readily spread the plant locally andover distances This constant seedpressure helps both species dominateeven under a wooded canopy Earlyresearch suggests that pale swallow-wortcan manipulate native arbuscular micor-rhizal fungus in the soil changing the soilecology Also monarch butterflies willlay eggs on swallow-wort but the larvaedo not survive

Forest owners in susceptible areas ofNew York express concern that paleswallow-wort is affecting forest regenera-tion The problem appears to be worst inshallow soils over limestone bedrock suchas limestone quarries in Onondaga Countyor lime woods of Henderson ShoresJefferson County where hundreds of acresof forest floor are covered by pale swallow-wort which also climbs into young treesPale swallow-wort native to the Ukraine

and southwestern Russia and first recordedin 1889 in Toronto Junction Ontario hasspread throughout the lower Great Lakesbasin favoring lime derived soils (NewYork Massachusetts Pennsylvania NewJersey Indiana Connecticut New Hamp-shire Michigan Wisconsin MissouriOntario and Quebec) Black swallow-wort isnative in Europe in western parts of theMediterranean Black swallow-wort firstrecorded in 1854 in Cambridge Massachu-setts has spread throughout lower NewEngland and the lower Hudson Valley intoNew York Michigan Ohio Rhode IslandVermont Pennsylvania Illinois MissouriConnecticut Maine Maryland New

The milkweed-like seeds disperse in latesummer through the fall

Jersey New Hampshire Indiana Wiscon-sin Kansas Kentucky Nebraska Califor-nia Minnesota Ontario and Quebec Blackswallow-wort is associated with limestonesoils but also in acidic granite basedsituations These are not weeds of turf orannual row crops although pale swallow-wort has been found in no-till com fields incentral New York

The PlantSwallow-worts twining viney growth

habit is distinctive The small slenderpods (2-25 inches) are a useful almostyear round identification characteristicThe smooth glossy opposite leaves (2 to4 inches long by 2 to 2 inches wide)are ovate with pointed tips The small 5lobed flowers are in loose clusters in theleafaxils Pale swallow-wort has yellow-maroon to maroon flowers Blackswallow-wort has very dark almost blackflowers In open areas tangled growths ofthe plant grow two to three or more feettall With the support of shrubs andyoung trees the vines may reach 6-8 ormore feet in thickets young woods andforest edges twining in ropes aroundeach other and into branches of trees andshrubs (see picture) Vines and split pods


control using Round-up (glyphosate)Follow-up treatmentswill be necessary forseveral years to killsurvivors and newseedlings Whereinfestation history isshort recovery couldbe spontaneous In oldinfestations a rehabili-tation plan will beimportant

The fruits are a slenderpod a distinctivefeatue in mid to late summer What You Can DoTo Help

persist throughout winter sometimes fora few years New growth emerges aroundearly May flower buds appear mid to lateMay Once flowering begins elongatingvines begin twining around each other Inopen areas the tangled mass of growth hasearned pale swallow-wort the lessflattering name dog-strangling vine inCanada Flowering is through June intoJuly Pods of the swalIow-worts aredistinctive often in pairs and begin toform in late June to early July Fruitproduction is directly related to lightlevels Thick infestations in full sun canproduce 2000 seeds per square meterThese seeds are polyembryonic 1 to 4embryos per seed greatly increasing eachseeds establishment potential Dispersalbegins in late July to early August in openareas and continues throughout latesummer and fall

ControlGardeners farmers wildlife managers

and conservationists attest to the aggres-siveness of the plants and their resistanceto control efforts Prevention is the verybest control (see One Mans Battle withInvasives - New York Forest OwnerMarchApril 2003) The tenacious rootsystem resists pulling and must be dugout Buds on the root crown readilyresprout after mowing grazing or earlyfrost damage with several buds in reservefor future top destruction events Thatthese species are not weeds of annual cropsystems indicate the level of effortnecessary for control A herbicidecomparison study shows good controlusing foliar applications of Garlon 4(triclopyr) and somewhat less but good

Researchers in Canada and northeasternUS are studying why swallow-worts areso successful as well as looking forbiological control agents from Europe andRussia Researchers need to know theextent of the infestation in North Americato develop a base line to monitor spreadand to measure control successInformation from land owners and land

managers is essential to understanding thescope of these invasions If you know ofan infestation please help Send informa-

tion about tl1e specific location (Latlongor GPS points would be nice) includingroad or other landmark town county andstate The surface area covered (acres)habitat type soil type history of infesta-tion if known all help to understand thenature and scope of the infestations Inorder to verify the identity of the plantsend plant material At the very least amature pod with the fruit stem is neededIf possible an entire pressed plantincluding (roots and) flowers andor fruitswould be best Include information aboutthe date of collection and the specificinformation requested above Informationwithout some plant material cannot beused so please take the time to put atleast a pod in the envelope Send tl1einformation toToni DiTommasoDept of Crop and Soil Sciences903 Bradfield HallCornell UniversityIthaca NY 14853 4-

Fran Lawlor is the Swallow-wortManagement Coordinator jor The NatureConservancy Central and Western New YorkChapter

Personal Experience with the Swallow-wortMy name is Andrew Fowler and I manage a Christmas tree farm and nursery to the

southeast of Rochester in Monroe County NY We have 62 acres of which about half isin plantation and the rest is in woods pond swamp and wooded pasture I first noticedblack swallow-wort about 7 years ago but paid little attention to it at that time it was justanother weed It was when I was mowing a trail through a wooded slope one fall that Irealized that this was no ordinary weed We have several trails through the woods that aremaintained by annual mowing This particular trail runs upslope from a field of Douglasfir through a wood of black locust and white spruce to the top of a hill When the timecame to mow this trail I noticed that the entire trail and surrounding woods was a mass ofswallow-wort 6 or 7 feet tall clambering over the undergrowth and up the trees forming atangled monoculture that quickly clogged the mower and sent clouds of seeds floating offinto the surrounding woods I was amazed at how fast this weed had become dominantI soon began to notice the plant in other areas It was allover the Christmas tree

plantation in the herbicide-controlled strips and in the grassy aisles between the trees Itwas in the heavy grass along the edges of the plantation It was forming dense stands in theshade of the woods crowding out everything else I began efforts at controlling it byspraying herbicides but nothing seemed to kill it In fact I believe that the application ofherbicides actually gave it a competitive edge by killing off competition as I had noticed itgrowing in the cleared strips along the tree rowsI dont know when the plant first arrived but within 3 or 4 years of my noticing it it has

spread to every corner of the farm in spite of my control efforts It regularly shows up inmy garden where it is immediately dug out While I have not been able to eradicate it Ihave found that preventing flowering by mowing or herbicide treatment will slow but notstop its spread I now look for the plant whenever I visit parks and woods and have foundit thriving in every park and wood around Monroe County I dont believe that any countyefforts are underway to control it In fact I dont think that many people are even aware ofits existence I believe that swallow-wort is a very serious threat to ecosystem more sothan the showy purple loosestrife which gets the publicity because swallow-wort canapparently thrive in just about any conditions


The PittedAmbrosia Beetle

DOUGLAS C ALLEN

Historically this insect has beenof interest to forest owners andforesters in the northeast

because of the extensive mortality itoccasionally causes to sugar mapleseedlings It was first reported fromNew York in 1882 when extensivedamage to maple reproduction wasnoted in Lewis County Since thensignificant seedling mortality has beenreported periodically from infestationsin Wisconsin Ontario and QuebecThe pitted ambrosia beetle certainly is

not a serious overall threat to sugarmaple but the occurrence of seedlingmortality can be alarming This isespecially so because even thoughaffected seedlings are easy to spotpitted ambrosia beetle galleries aredifficult to find therefore the cause ofseedling death is not easily determinedThis beetle belongs to a small group

within the bark beetle family thatcultivates its own food on the walls ofgalleries it excavates in the host plant(see Forest Owner JulyAug 1995)Most typical bark beetles feed both asadults and immatures on inner bark Thereddish-brown to black adults areapproximately 118 long and cylindricalThe two most common host plants are

sugar maple and cultivatedrhododendrons It has been reared froma variety of other trees and smallshrubs however including seedlings ofdogwood sassafras hornbeam and elmand stems of shrubs such as hazelhuckleberry blueberry and azaleasBeetle damage occurs to maple

seedlings two to four feet tall and 118to 112 in diameter at ground levelThe beetle usually penetrates the base ofa seedling in a zone between looseleaves on the surface of litter and themore compacted older litter that restson mineral soil The first evidence ofan infestation is the appearance of

seedlings with wilted discoloredfoliage By the time the beetles havefinished their work usually in lateAugust or early September theshriveled leaves turn brown (Fig 1)Removing the loose litter at the base

of an infested seedling usually reveals asmall pile of wood chips (Fig 2) (calledfrass a mixture of tiny woodparticles and fecal matter) adjacent to asmall hole in the seedling (Fig 3)usually at ground line Closerexamination of this entrance holediscloses a dark stain and when thebark is removed a gallery that circlesthe base of the seedling and eventuallyspirals up or down the stem just beneaththe bark (Fig 4) The male beetlescoops out small niches or cradles alongthe sides of this spiral gallery As itexcavates the gallery it deposits sporesof a fungus on the gallery wall and onthe walls of each cradle A few dayslater the female enters the main gallery

Figure 1 Sugar maple seedling killed bythe pitted ambrosia beetle

and embeds one egg in each cradle Sheuses pieces of the developing fungus toclose off the opening to the maingallery By the time the larva hatchesfrom the egg it is encased in fungusThis serves as its sole source of foodand is called ambrosiaThe life cycle of the pitted ambrosia

beetle is characterized by a single

Figure 2 The base of an infested sugar maple seedling (A) Note small pile of lightcolored frass just beneath the litter (B)


Figure 3 This infested maple seedling hasbeen removed from the soil to expose thebeetles entrance hole at ground line (A)

generation each year Adultsoverwinter in the gallery or beneathlitter adjacent to the seedling fromwhich they emerged Eggs are deposited in July and August bull

This is the 69th in the series of articlescontributed by Dr Allen Professor ofEntomology at SUNY-ESF It is possible todownload this collectionfrom the NYS DEeWeb page athttpwwwdecstatenyuslwebsiteldflprivlandljorprotlhealthlnyfolindexhtml

SPIRAL GALLERY

Figure 4 Diagram of the pitted ambrosiabeetles spiral gallery showing the entrancehole and a number of cradles In thisexample the gallery spirals downward

HOW1O Treat Reactions toPoison Ivy

For individuals who work out in thefield encounters with poison ivypoison oak and poison sumac are an

unfortunate and often unavoidable part ofthe jobTo cope with the effects of these plants

some foresters and other outdoor workersoften rely on a host of home remediesranging from bleach to jewelweed juice tobattle the rash blisters and infamous itchHowever the effectiveness of these folktherapies is open to debateA better course of action say both medical

researchers and experienced forestry andother outdoor workers is to try to limitdirect contact with these offending plants andfollowing the appropriate course of action ifyou find youve been exposed

Of course as Victor L Ford CF ForestResearch Center Leader at MeadWestvaco sAppalachian Forest Research Centeracknowledges avoiding contact with poisonivy is easier said than done but there aresome preventative measures foresters andother outdoor workers can takeThe most obvious of these is learning to

identify the plants Each of the three hasdefining characteristics that it pays to committo memory Beyond that experts recom-mend dressing properly when outside bywearing long sleeves and pants to coverexposed skin and if burning any of theseplants avoid inhaling the burning oil andash which can cause severe reactionsFord also recommends that those working

in the field wash skin and clothes with acombination of commercially availableproducts

A product called Tecnu Oak n IvyCleanser will wash the oils from your skinand clothes says Ford Ivy Shield is abarrier that when applied to the skin workswell in prevention especially in conjunctionwith Tecnu The key is to wash in coldwater The oils are less viscous and will notspread in cold waterExperts agree that washing off clothes as

well as equipment tools and even pets isimportant If the urushiol--the chemical thatcauses the rash and itching-isnt washed offthose objects or animals just touching themcould cause a reactionIf its too late for the above warnings and

you fmd youve already been exposed time

is of the essence According to FDAresearchers the earlier skin is cleansed thegreater the chance one has of removingurushiol before it gets attached to the skin

When exposed experts recommend that youstay outdoors until you complete the first twosteps of the following guidelines

bull Cleanse exposed skin with generousamounts of isopropyl (rubbing) alcohol(Dont return to the woods or yard the sameday Alcohol removes your skins protectionalong with the urushiol and any new contactwill cause the urushiol to penetrate twice asfast)

bull Wash skin with water (Water tempera-ture does not matter if youre outside itslikely only cold water will be available)

bull Take a regular shower with soap andwarm water Do not use soap before this pointbecause it will tend to pick up some of theurushiol from the surface of the skin and moveit aroundIf skin isnt cleansed soon enough or is so

sensitive that cleansing doesnt help thenredness and swelling will typically appear inabout 12 -48 hours and blisters and itchingwill soon followThere are a number of products to help dry

up the oozing blisters including baking sodaAveeno (an oatmeal-based ointment)aluminum hydroxide gel calamine and zincoxide The FDA considers most over-the-counter treatrnents- commonly calledhydrocortisones - to be safe and effectivefor temporary relief of itching associated withpoison ivy oak and sumac In addition thereare a host of products such as Zanfel Un-ItchKit Tecnu Oak n Ivy Cleanser CalaGeland CortiCool that are specifically designed tohelp relieve the itchFor many the old standbys like calamine

lotion and cortisone work just fine Ford andothers also recommend that the applicationof saltwater either via a bath with added sea salt or adip in the ocean can also help soothe the itchNevertheless experts agree that the best

way to avoid the effects of poison ivy oakand sumac is to avoid coming in contact withthem in the first place4This article originally appearedin the July 2002 issue of TheForestry Source a publicationof the Society of AmericanForesters It is reprinted withtheir permission


EDWARD AND WANDA PIESTRAK

Spring Planting 2003

Our annual spring planting took ona new twist this year with thepurchase of a tree planter Last

spring we planted 2000 trees by hand sothis year we were excited about thepromised help of the planterThis was my husband Eds first winter

of retirement For a man who is constant-ly in motion the snow made it a LONGwinter But each time he was hamperedand hemmed in with a snowfall he wouldadd to the order of trees to plant in thespring And we had a LOT of snow thiswinter By the time spring finally arrivedhe had ordered over 8000 treesWe picked up our tree planter and our

first 2000 trees on Wednesday March26 2003 It was cold and raining but ourspirits were flying with excitement andanticipation Thursday morning weheaded to Lindley ready and eager Weput about 250 white pine and blue sprucein by hand that afternoon We have alarge parcel of clear cut (a more recentpurchase it borders land we alreadyowned) and planting must be done byhand in there because the tractor andplanter cannot maneuver around the treestumps The overabundant deer popula-tion has hampered natural rejuvenation inthis area (Yes we are addressing thatissue - but that is a different article)Friday after a few minor setbacks we

were up and ready to tryout this new tree

planter The field we worked in had a bitof a slope and since the ground was sowet (some of it still had snow cover) wecould only go down hill with theplanter Uphill had to be via the road Soat the bottom of the hill Ed would jumpout of the planter and walk back up therows making sure each tree was securelyin place We were new to this process andacted a bit like doting parents Saturdaywe finished planting the rest of the treesWe stood back and looked over the fieldwith the pride that comes with accom-plishment

That was the easy part - 2000 treesThen carne the marathonWe went directly to the nursery at

Saratoga Springs on Saturday April 19to pick up our order of 4650 trees Whilewe were there they allowed us to add250 Australian pine We left SaratogaSprings at 10 am took the trees toLindley south of Corning then drovehome to Nanticoke PA south of WilkesBarre to prepare for Easter Sundayfamily gathering at our homeSunday by 4 pm we were back on the

road headed for Lindley We had trees toplant

Monday was blustery and cold In thefirst 25 rows we put in 2270 +- treesTuesday was even nastier - rain windand cold We kept reminding ourselvesand each other the trees love it even

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though at times we could not sense anyfeeling in our fingertips The next thirtyrows held 2860 +l- trees These arewhite spruce and Norway spruce withabout 250 each of white pine and Austra-lian pineWednesday it snowed Actually it was

a sleety kind of snow with winds that chillyour bones We had two helpers that dayso we planted white pine in the clear cut(by hand) Thursday we planted 57 redspruce plugs by hand in various locationsWe put in many black cherry whichrequired being staked and tubedFriday morning we went to Steuben

County Soil and Water ConservationDistrict warehouse to pick up our orderedtrees - we had only ordered 1000 whitepine and 100 red oak But while we werethere we added 100 Norway spruce 50black cherry and 50 blue spruceAll hardwoods must be tubed Friday

and Saturday we were blessed with thehelping hands of Eds son Jeff Afterplanting the trees we went back to tubeJeff put in the stakes Ed put on the tubeand covered over the bottom with dirt(vole prevention measures) then I camealong with the netting for the top and with

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a black permanent marker to date andmark the height of the treeSaturday morning I went back to

Steuben County to see what they had leftI call my husband Bad news I reportedto him What he asked They haveeverything We ended up with a modest addition of

about 300 trees consisting of blue sprucesawtooth oak Norway spruce and blackcherry There was a mystery package of100 trees that no one could identify (bareroot sticks) They are now tubed and weare waiting to see what they grow up tobe We found the Norway spruce to bevibrant healthy transplants and they standtall and proud among the others

It took us the better part of the follow-ing week to plant and tube these as theywere all done by hand and spaced out indifferent areas of the clear cut Wednes-day May 14 our 20 genetically enhancedblack cherries arrived by UPS We putthem in various areas to see where theywill do best Our good neighbor theTrautners provided us with some sugarmaple seedlings which he retrieved froma sugar maple grove They are nowplanted in the clear cut area

We are now at the end of May and asthe natural oaks peek out we are puttingtubes on as many as we can to preventdeer browsing (did I mention that weordered 550 four foot tubes) Some

Conifer and hardwood seedlings mixed in field area

places it is hard if not impossible to findone that has not been nibbled Here andthere we find one we think has just sprout-ed We are amazed we found it first

Our official count is 9360 trees plantedThere were more Im sure but you justcant count every single one when youreplanting And hes already talking aboutnext spring 4-Edward and Wanda Piestrak are members of theWestem Finger Lakes chapter of NYFOA NewYork Tree Farmer and MFOCOVERTS Volun-teers

NYFOA Scholarship FundAs of June 1 2003 the NYFOAEndowed Scholarship Fund that isadministered by the SUNY ESFCollege Foundation Inc has afund balance of $1874096

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LANDOWNERSMaples Cherry amp Red Oak are in strong demand if you are interested in

selling some of your standing Timber consider bull Each tree to be sold is marked according to YOUR specificationsbull We send noticesto reputable log producers amp exportersbull Sealed bid opening determines the highest bidder bull Payment is made in advance to any harvest operationbull All harvest operations are supervised by our forestersbull We retain a security deposit until owner is completely satisfiedbull Guaranteed to net YOU the highest price for your timber

iWrite or Call For A Free Pamphlet

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Summer 2003 Arnot Forest Summer CoursesFor programs listed below please direct questions to Kristi Sullivan CornellDept of Natural Resources 109 Fernow Hall Ithaca NY 14853 Telephone607-255-5508 E-mail kls20cornelledu

Enhancing Habitat for Amphibians and Reptiles on Your Land and in YourCommunityThis class is designed with the landowner in mind Learn about habitat requirementsand reasons for population declines Explore the many Simple steps you can take onyour own property or Iandsin your community to enhance habitat for a variety offrogs and toads salamanders newts snakes turtles and even skinks This 4-hrclass has both classroom and field components Date July 19 800 am - noonPre-registration Deadline July iICost $25person

Quality Deer Management - Can it Work for YouQDM holds promise for many landowners as a tool to manage deer and hunters ontheir land This workshop will cover the principles and goals of QDM and highlight2 case studies where QDM has been used for years Both landowners and hunterswill be able to assess the potential QDM holds for them in consideration of startingtheir own cooperative or joining an existing cooperative The morning program willconsist of indoor presentations by Cornell DEC and a local QDM managerfollowed by field activities to assess deer population size and browse impacts DateJuly 28 900 am 400 pm Pre-registration Deadline July 16 Cost $40person(includes lunch)

Identifying Amphibians and Reptiles by Sight and SoundDesigned for individuals or groups with a serious interest in learning to identifyfrogs salamanders snakes and turtles of New York State Participants will betrained to recognize common frog and salamander eggs as well as larvae (asseasonally available) and become skilled at distinguishing frogs and toads by theircalls This course includes classroom lectures as well as significant time in thefield Date August 11 amp 12 Pre-registration Deadline August 4 Cost $160person (includes meals and educational materials bunk-style lodging in rustic cabinsavailable at the Arnot Forest on a first-come first-served basis for an additional feeof $15personnight)

Outdoor Wood Furnacebull Total heat for your home shop pooldomestic water and more

bull Unmatched efficiency

bull Adapts easily to any existing heatingsystem

Buying a ClassicCentral Boiler is oneof the best decisions Ihave made my heatand hot water costme zero Sinceinstalling the boilerDon P - CT

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Make checks payable to NYWS Mail form toNYWS at PO Box 1055 Penfield NY 14526For more information call 1-800-836-3566

POSTED SIGNORDER FORM

NEW YORK WOODLAND STEWARDS

POSTEDPRIVATE PROPERTY

- No Trespassing -Hunting Fishing or Entry byWritten Permission Only

Name amp Address - Owner or Lessee

Use this form to order the sign shown above Thesigns are orange with black printing

SIGNMATERIAL

COSTPER SIGN

NUMBERORDERED COST

Plastic(024 gauge) $45 $_--

Aluminum(012 gauge) $70 $_--

Add Name and Address to Sign$500 Set up cost per address

$05$500

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Please specify Name and Address to beprinted on signs

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Limited to two lines of type (abbreviate where possible) Type isabout 516 inches high

Mailing Address(UPS Shipping Address if different from mailing address)

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Minimun order is 50 signs with additional signs in incrementsof 25 Shipping Costs 50 signs $450 75 signs $475 100 signs$525 100+ signs add $75 for each 50 signs over 100 (150would cost $525 plus $75 for the additional 50 for a total of$600)


If youre interested in ensuring the abundance ofour forests for years to come just say the word

Actually three wordsSustainable Forestry lnitiotive

The Sustainable Forestry Initiativereg program is committed to integrat-

ing the perpetual growing and harvesting of trees with the protection

of wildlife plants soil water and air quality All forest landowners

not just corporations playa critical role in ensuring the long-term

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lion acres are enrolled in the SFIregprogram including forestland man-

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Consider participating in the Sustainable Forestry Initiative program and

confirm your commitment to protecting the worlds most renewable resource

To learn more about the SFI program please contact Jason Metnick

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For more information contactEnviro-Log

Steve and Bonnie AndrewsPO Box 626 Delevan NY 14042

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aterials submitted for the SeptemberOctober issuehould be sent to Mary Beth MalmsheimerEditorheNew YorleForest Owner 134 Lincklaen rreetazenoviaNY 13035 (315) 655-4110 or via e-nailat mmalmshe syredu Articles artwork andhotos are invited and if requested are rerurned after

Marketplaces I 0 minimum for 25 vordsEach additional word 10 cents

For More Information ContactMary Beth Malmshemer Editor

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Deadline for material is August 1 2003

IntroducingTREE PROsMI~I11A seamless Tree Shelter~ Flared top~ No assembly required~ 100 recycled materials~ Manufactured in the USA~ Reusable ties are available

INCFORECONFOrestry - Recreation - gcology - CONservation

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Timber Sales 2 Timber ManagementTimber amp Timberland AppraisalsNatural Resource Management

1890 E Main St Falconer NY 14733716-664-5602II NMain StSuite 202 Cortland NY 13045 (607) 753-3113

Call US when you needweed mats mycorrhizal andcontrolled release fertilizer

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The 23

The New YorkForest OwnerA PUBLICATION OF THE NEW YORK FoREST OWNERS ASSOCIATION

Non-Profit OrgUS Postage

PAIDUtica NY

13504Permit No 566

Posted signs are now available to order throughNYFOA Seepage 20 for order form

FOUNDED 1963

More Valuable Logs bull More Valuable Lumberbull Stop End Splits on Logs bull Prevent End Checking Losses

Use the Best Known Products in the World

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In This IssueTHE NEW YORKFOREST OWNERS

ASSOCIATIONVolume 41 Number 4

Officers amp DirectorsGeff Yancey President32 Oliver StreetRochester NY 14607 (585) 271-4567

Peter Smallidge Vice PresidentCornell University Fernow HallIthaca NY 14853 (607) 255-4696

John Druke Secretary6341 Kirkville RoadKirkville NY 13082 (315) 656-2313

Jerry Michael Treasurer4 Leonard LaneBinghamton NY 13901 (607) 648-2941

Debbie Gill Administrative SecretaryPO Box lOSSPenfield NY 14526 (585) 377-6060

Joan Kappel Chair Editorial CommitteePO Box 646Altamont NY 12009-0646 (518) 861-8753

2004Keith Hedgecock Pleasant Valley (845) 635-1279Bob Malmsheimer Cazenovia (315) 470-6909Geff Yancey Rochester (585) 271-4567Paul Yarbrough Ithaca (607) 277-3011

2005Jim Beil Schenectady (518) 355-4471Jack Hamilton Wayland (585) 728-5769Billy Morris Bath (607) 776-4992Sharon Wieder Machias (716) 942-3006

2006Harry Dieter Honeoye Falls (585) 533-2085Jerry Michael Binghamton (607) 648-2941Peter Smallidge Ithaca (607) 255-4696Alan White Jeffersonville (845) 482-3719

Chapter-Designated DirectorsCharlie Mowatt Allegheny Foothills (716) 676-3617Joan amp Hans Kappel Capital District (518) 861-8753Thomas Conklin Cayuga (315) 638-1765John Druke Central New York (315) 656-2313Anne Osboru Lower Hudson (845) 424-3683Pat Ward Northern Adirondack (315) 268-0902Dave amp Jean Preston Niagara Frontier (716) 688-4921Christine Wiley SE Adirondack (518) 692-9292Charlotte Baxter Southern Tier (607) 967-8516Bob OBrien Southern Finger Lakes (607) 594-4600Ray Cavallaro Western Finger Lakes (585) 288-3411

Dan Palm Executive Director645 Decker RdStamford NY 12167 607-538-1305

The New York Woodland Stewards Inc(NYWS) is a 501(c)3 foundation of NYFOAand tax deductible donations to this organizationwill advance NYFOAs educational mission

All rights reserved Contents may not be reproducedwithout prior written permission from the publisherNYFOA does not necessarily support or approve pro-cedures products or opinions presented by authorsor advertisers

copy 2003 New York Forest Owners Association

bull bull bullFROM THE PRESIDENT

Gar yANCEy 3

ANSWERS TO THE STATES TOUGHEST TREE TESTDAN ANDERSON 4

THE KNOTS OF TIMBER TAXLLOYD R CASEY 5

NYS LEGISLATURE ENACTS TIMBER THEFT BILLROBERT MALMSHEIMER 6

WHY ARE THEY PUTTING GOATS IN THE rOOD CHARLIE MOWATT 8

MANAGING A PRIVATE FOREST PROFILE OF ALANDOWNERLOGGER PARTNERSHIP

DOUGLAS R ALLEN ~bull 10

THE SWALLOW-WORTSFRAN LAWLOR 14

THE PITTED AMBROSIA BEETLEDOUGLAS C ALLEN 16

HOW TO TREAT REACTIONS TOPOISO IVY 17

2003 SPRING PLANTINGWANDA AND EDWARD PIESTRAK 18

WOODLOT CALENDAR 20

POSTED SIGN ORDER FORM 20

The New Yorl(Forest OwnerA PUBLICATION OF THE NEW YORK FOREST OWNERS AssOCHTIO~

The New York Forest Owner is a bi-monthly publication of nil Sell York ForestOwners Association PO Box 1055 Penfield N Y 14 -_6 merials submittedfor publication should be sent to Mary Beth Malmsheimer Editor TIle ewYork Forest Owner 134 Lincklaen Street Cazenovia Self York 13035 Materi-als may also be e-mailed to mmalmshesyredu Articles artwork and photosare invited and if requested are returned after use The deadline for submissionfor the SeptemberOctober issue is August 1 2003

Please address all membership fees and change of address requests to PO Box1055 Penfield NY 14526 1-800-836-3566 Cost of family membershipsubscription is $30

wwwnyfoaorg

COVER Jim Winter logger is building the first road into the landing on TheKingdom - the property he manages with owner Jon Schor in CanaanNY - on a John Deere 450G For complete article see page 10 Photo-graph courtesy of Douglas R Allen





















NYFOAPO Box 1055































DAN ANDERSON












LLOYD R CASEY

























Ph (716) 665-5477Fax (716) 664-5866


JAMESTOWN NY 14701









5

















ROBERT MALMSHEIMER




















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PhoneFax 518-668-2623



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$05$500


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bull TREE PLANTING

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The 23



PAIDUtica NY

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~























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DAN ANDERSON












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Ph (716) 665-5477Fax (716) 664-5866


JAMESTOWN NY 14701









5

















ROBERT MALMSHEIMER




















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$05$500


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Name _

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bull TREE PLANTING

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Outside Wood Burner

Aqua-Therm






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The 23



PAIDUtica NY

13504Permit No 566


FOUNDED 1963








~
































DAN ANDERSON












LLOYD R CASEY

























Ph (716) 665-5477Fax (716) 664-5866


JAMESTOWN NY 14701









5

















ROBERT MALMSHEIMER




















Timber Producers













CHARLIE MOWATT














Lake GeorgeForestry







PhoneFax 518-668-2623



DOUGLAS R ALLEN



















DOUGLAS R ALLEN































































SAF Certified










FRAN LAWLOR
























DOUGLAS C ALLEN

















SPIRAL GALLERY






































Michael L Hale



Fax (814) 367-5919











716-942-3006












- HARVEST PLANNING

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WoodlotCalendar









EarlyPurchase

Save up to



20








SIGNMATERIAL

COSTPER SIGN

NUMBERORDERED COST




$05$500


Shipping Cost $_--



Name _

Address _



Name _

Address _

















wwwaboutsfiorg












bull TREE PLANTING

bull WETLAND DESIGN







Outside Wood Burner

Aqua-Therm






Insulation






SERVICESLLC

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Farm Tractors




(716) 353-8372



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The 23



PAIDUtica NY

13504Permit No 566


FOUNDED 1963








~




LLOYD R CASEY

























Ph (716) 665-5477Fax (716) 664-5866


JAMESTOWN NY 14701









5

















ROBERT MALMSHEIMER




















Timber Producers













CHARLIE MOWATT














Lake GeorgeForestry







PhoneFax 518-668-2623



DOUGLAS R ALLEN



















DOUGLAS R ALLEN































































SAF Certified










FRAN LAWLOR
























DOUGLAS C ALLEN

















SPIRAL GALLERY






































Michael L Hale



Fax (814) 367-5919











716-942-3006












- HARVEST PLANNING

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WoodlotCalendar









EarlyPurchase

Save up to



20








SIGNMATERIAL

COSTPER SIGN

NUMBERORDERED COST




$05$500


Shipping Cost $_--



Name _

Address _



Name _

Address _

















wwwaboutsfiorg












bull TREE PLANTING

bull WETLAND DESIGN







Outside Wood Burner

Aqua-Therm






Insulation






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22




Farm Tractors




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The 23



PAIDUtica NY

13504Permit No 566


FOUNDED 1963








~




















ROBERT MALMSHEIMER




















Timber Producers













CHARLIE MOWATT














Lake GeorgeForestry







PhoneFax 518-668-2623



DOUGLAS R ALLEN



















DOUGLAS R ALLEN































































SAF Certified










FRAN LAWLOR
























DOUGLAS C ALLEN

















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Michael L Hale



Fax (814) 367-5919











716-942-3006












- HARVEST PLANNING

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WoodlotCalendar









EarlyPurchase

Save up to



20








SIGNMATERIAL

COSTPER SIGN

NUMBERORDERED COST




$05$500


Shipping Cost $_--



Name _

Address _



Name _

Address _

















wwwaboutsfiorg












bull TREE PLANTING

bull WETLAND DESIGN







Outside Wood Burner

Aqua-Therm






Insulation






SERVICESLLC

22




Farm Tractors




(716) 353-8372



RATESMAGAZINE




















tree rocom


The 23



PAIDUtica NY

13504Permit No 566


FOUNDED 1963








~



















Timber Producers













CHARLIE MOWATT














Lake GeorgeForestry







PhoneFax 518-668-2623



DOUGLAS R ALLEN



















DOUGLAS R ALLEN































































SAF Certified










FRAN LAWLOR
























DOUGLAS C ALLEN

















SPIRAL GALLERY






































Michael L Hale



Fax (814) 367-5919











716-942-3006












- HARVEST PLANNING

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WoodlotCalendar









EarlyPurchase

Save up to



20








SIGNMATERIAL

COSTPER SIGN

NUMBERORDERED COST




$05$500


Shipping Cost $_--



Name _

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Name _

Address _

















wwwaboutsfiorg












bull TREE PLANTING

bull WETLAND DESIGN







Outside Wood Burner

Aqua-Therm






Insulation






SERVICESLLC

22




Farm Tractors




(716) 353-8372



RATESMAGAZINE




















tree rocom


The 23



PAIDUtica NY

13504Permit No 566


FOUNDED 1963








~










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Lake GeorgeForestry







PhoneFax 518-668-2623



DOUGLAS R ALLEN



















DOUGLAS R ALLEN































































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716-942-3006












- HARVEST PLANNING

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EarlyPurchase

Save up to



20








SIGNMATERIAL

COSTPER SIGN

NUMBERORDERED COST




$05$500


Shipping Cost $_--



Name _

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wwwaboutsfiorg












bull TREE PLANTING

bull WETLAND DESIGN







Outside Wood Burner

Aqua-Therm






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SERVICESLLC

22




Farm Tractors




(716) 353-8372



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The 23



PAIDUtica NY

13504Permit No 566


FOUNDED 1963








~














Lake GeorgeForestry







PhoneFax 518-668-2623



DOUGLAS R ALLEN



















DOUGLAS R ALLEN































































SAF Certified










FRAN LAWLOR
























DOUGLAS C ALLEN

















SPIRAL GALLERY






































Michael L Hale



Fax (814) 367-5919











716-942-3006












- HARVEST PLANNING

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WoodlotCalendar









EarlyPurchase

Save up to



20








SIGNMATERIAL

COSTPER SIGN

NUMBERORDERED COST




$05$500


Shipping Cost $_--



Name _

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Name _

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wwwaboutsfiorg












bull TREE PLANTING

bull WETLAND DESIGN







Outside Wood Burner

Aqua-Therm






Insulation






SERVICESLLC

22




Farm Tractors




(716) 353-8372



RATESMAGAZINE




















tree rocom


The 23



PAIDUtica NY

13504Permit No 566


FOUNDED 1963








~





DOUGLAS R ALLEN



















DOUGLAS R ALLEN































































SAF Certified










FRAN LAWLOR
























DOUGLAS C ALLEN

















SPIRAL GALLERY






































Michael L Hale



Fax (814) 367-5919











716-942-3006












- HARVEST PLANNING

- MANAGEMENT PLANS










WoodlotCalendar









EarlyPurchase

Save up to



20








SIGNMATERIAL

COSTPER SIGN

NUMBERORDERED COST




$05$500


Shipping Cost $_--



Name _

Address _



Name _

Address _

















wwwaboutsfiorg












bull TREE PLANTING

bull WETLAND DESIGN







Outside Wood Burner

Aqua-Therm






Insulation






SERVICESLLC

22




Farm Tractors




(716) 353-8372



RATESMAGAZINE




















tree rocom


The 23



PAIDUtica NY

13504Permit No 566


FOUNDED 1963








~





DOUGLAS R ALLEN































































SAF Certified










FRAN LAWLOR
























DOUGLAS C ALLEN

















SPIRAL GALLERY






































Michael L Hale



Fax (814) 367-5919











716-942-3006












- HARVEST PLANNING

- MANAGEMENT PLANS










WoodlotCalendar









EarlyPurchase

Save up to



20








SIGNMATERIAL

COSTPER SIGN

NUMBERORDERED COST




$05$500


Shipping Cost $_--



Name _

Address _



Name _

Address _

















wwwaboutsfiorg












bull TREE PLANTING

bull WETLAND DESIGN







Outside Wood Burner

Aqua-Therm






Insulation






SERVICESLLC

22




Farm Tractors




(716) 353-8372



RATESMAGAZINE




















tree rocom


The 23



PAIDUtica NY

13504Permit No 566


FOUNDED 1963








~

















































SAF Certified










FRAN LAWLOR
























DOUGLAS C ALLEN

















SPIRAL GALLERY






































Michael L Hale



Fax (814) 367-5919











716-942-3006












- HARVEST PLANNING

- MANAGEMENT PLANS










WoodlotCalendar









EarlyPurchase

Save up to



20








SIGNMATERIAL

COSTPER SIGN

NUMBERORDERED COST




$05$500


Shipping Cost $_--



Name _

Address _



Name _

Address _

















wwwaboutsfiorg












bull TREE PLANTING

bull WETLAND DESIGN







Outside Wood Burner

Aqua-Therm






Insulation






SERVICESLLC

22




Farm Tractors




(716) 353-8372



RATESMAGAZINE




















tree rocom


The 23



PAIDUtica NY

13504Permit No 566


FOUNDED 1963








~






















SAF Certified










FRAN LAWLOR
























DOUGLAS C ALLEN

















SPIRAL GALLERY






































Michael L Hale



Fax (814) 367-5919











716-942-3006












- HARVEST PLANNING

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EarlyPurchase

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20








SIGNMATERIAL

COSTPER SIGN

NUMBERORDERED COST




$05$500


Shipping Cost $_--



Name _

Address _



Name _

Address _

















wwwaboutsfiorg












bull TREE PLANTING

bull WETLAND DESIGN







Outside Wood Burner

Aqua-Therm






Insulation






SERVICESLLC

22




Farm Tractors




(716) 353-8372



RATESMAGAZINE




















tree rocom


The 23



PAIDUtica NY

13504Permit No 566


FOUNDED 1963








~









FRAN LAWLOR
























DOUGLAS C ALLEN

















SPIRAL GALLERY






































Michael L Hale



Fax (814) 367-5919











716-942-3006












- HARVEST PLANNING

- MANAGEMENT PLANS










WoodlotCalendar









EarlyPurchase

Save up to



20








SIGNMATERIAL

COSTPER SIGN

NUMBERORDERED COST




$05$500


Shipping Cost $_--



Name _

Address _



Name _

Address _

















wwwaboutsfiorg












bull TREE PLANTING

bull WETLAND DESIGN







Outside Wood Burner

Aqua-Therm






Insulation






SERVICESLLC

22




Farm Tractors




(716) 353-8372



RATESMAGAZINE




















tree rocom


The 23



PAIDUtica NY

13504Permit No 566


FOUNDED 1963








~



















DOUGLAS C ALLEN

















SPIRAL GALLERY






































Michael L Hale



Fax (814) 367-5919











716-942-3006












- HARVEST PLANNING

- MANAGEMENT PLANS










WoodlotCalendar









EarlyPurchase

Save up to



20








SIGNMATERIAL

COSTPER SIGN

NUMBERORDERED COST




$05$500


Shipping Cost $_--



Name _

Address _



Name _

Address _

















wwwaboutsfiorg












bull TREE PLANTING

bull WETLAND DESIGN







Outside Wood Burner

Aqua-Therm






Insulation






SERVICESLLC

22




Farm Tractors




(716) 353-8372



RATESMAGAZINE




















tree rocom


The 23



PAIDUtica NY

13504Permit No 566


FOUNDED 1963








~





DOUGLAS C ALLEN

















SPIRAL GALLERY






































Michael L Hale



Fax (814) 367-5919











716-942-3006












- HARVEST PLANNING

- MANAGEMENT PLANS










WoodlotCalendar









EarlyPurchase

Save up to



20








SIGNMATERIAL

COSTPER SIGN

NUMBERORDERED COST




$05$500


Shipping Cost $_--



Name _

Address _



Name _

Address _

















wwwaboutsfiorg












bull TREE PLANTING

bull WETLAND DESIGN







Outside Wood Burner

Aqua-Therm






Insulation






SERVICESLLC

22




Farm Tractors




(716) 353-8372



RATESMAGAZINE




















tree rocom


The 23



PAIDUtica NY

13504Permit No 566


FOUNDED 1963








~







SPIRAL GALLERY






































Michael L Hale



Fax (814) 367-5919











716-942-3006












- HARVEST PLANNING

- MANAGEMENT PLANS










WoodlotCalendar









EarlyPurchase

Save up to



20








SIGNMATERIAL

COSTPER SIGN

NUMBERORDERED COST




$05$500


Shipping Cost $_--



Name _

Address _



Name _

Address _

















wwwaboutsfiorg












bull TREE PLANTING

bull WETLAND DESIGN







Outside Wood Burner

Aqua-Therm






Insulation






SERVICESLLC

22




Farm Tractors




(716) 353-8372



RATESMAGAZINE




















tree rocom


The 23



PAIDUtica NY

13504Permit No 566


FOUNDED 1963








~



















Michael L Hale



Fax (814) 367-5919











716-942-3006












- HARVEST PLANNING

- MANAGEMENT PLANS










WoodlotCalendar









EarlyPurchase

Save up to



20








SIGNMATERIAL

COSTPER SIGN

NUMBERORDERED COST




$05$500


Shipping Cost $_--



Name _

Address _



Name _

Address _

















wwwaboutsfiorg












bull TREE PLANTING

bull WETLAND DESIGN







Outside Wood Burner

Aqua-Therm






Insulation






SERVICESLLC

22




Farm Tractors




(716) 353-8372



RATESMAGAZINE




















tree rocom


The 23



PAIDUtica NY

13504Permit No 566


FOUNDED 1963








~














- HARVEST PLANNING

- MANAGEMENT PLANS










WoodlotCalendar









EarlyPurchase

Save up to



20








SIGNMATERIAL

COSTPER SIGN

NUMBERORDERED COST




$05$500


Shipping Cost $_--



Name _

Address _



Name _

Address _

















wwwaboutsfiorg












bull TREE PLANTING

bull WETLAND DESIGN







Outside Wood Burner

Aqua-Therm






Insulation






SERVICESLLC

22




Farm Tractors




(716) 353-8372



RATESMAGAZINE




















tree rocom


The 23



PAIDUtica NY

13504Permit No 566


FOUNDED 1963








~




WoodlotCalendar









EarlyPurchase

Save up to



20








SIGNMATERIAL

COSTPER SIGN

NUMBERORDERED COST




$05$500


Shipping Cost $_--



Name _

Address _



Name _

Address _

















wwwaboutsfiorg












bull TREE PLANTING

bull WETLAND DESIGN







Outside Wood Burner

Aqua-Therm






Insulation






SERVICESLLC

22




Farm Tractors




(716) 353-8372



RATESMAGAZINE




















tree rocom


The 23



PAIDUtica NY

13504Permit No 566


FOUNDED 1963








~


















wwwaboutsfiorg












bull TREE PLANTING

bull WETLAND DESIGN







Outside Wood Burner

Aqua-Therm






Insulation






SERVICESLLC

22




Farm Tractors




(716) 353-8372



RATESMAGAZINE




















tree rocom


The 23



PAIDUtica NY

13504Permit No 566


FOUNDED 1963








~














bull TREE PLANTING

bull WETLAND DESIGN







Outside Wood Burner

Aqua-Therm






Insulation






SERVICESLLC

22




Farm Tractors




(716) 353-8372



RATESMAGAZINE




















tree rocom


The 23



PAIDUtica NY

13504Permit No 566


FOUNDED 1963








~





RATESMAGAZINE




















tree rocom


The 23



PAIDUtica NY

13504Permit No 566


FOUNDED 1963








~






PAIDUtica NY

13504Permit No 566


FOUNDED 1963








~




The New York Forest Owner - Volume 41 Number 4

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