The New Deal I. Background II. Creating the Safety Net A. Relief B. Jobs C. Social insurance III. Union Legitimacy A. Norris-LaGuardia B. NRA C. Anti-Racketeering Law of 1933 D. NLRA IV. Response A. Workers B. Employers C. Constitutional Conflict
Jan 03, 2016
The New DealI. BackgroundII. Creating the Safety Net
A. ReliefB. JobsC. Social insurance
III. Union LegitimacyA. Norris-LaGuardiaB. NRAC. Anti-Racketeering Law of
1933D. NLRA
IV. ResponseA. WorkersB. EmployersC. Constitutional Conflict
Values• Public control
– Economic morality
– Progressivism• SOL Frances Perkins
• Cooperation
– End of individualism
• Experimentation
– Emergency mentality
Relief
• In 1933, Congress enacts $4.8B relief bill
• $1B per year
• 2% of GDP
Relief line, San Antonio, TX, 1939
Works Progress
Administration
• Culture– Writers, artists,
actors
• Promotes unions, Democratic policies
Norris-LaGuardia
• Precedes New Deal
• Passed in 1932 by new Congress– Democratic majority– Progressive Republicans
• Rep. Fiorello LaGuardia (R-NY)
• Sen. George Norris (R-NB)
• Declared labor’s right to organize
• Outlawed yellow dog contracts
• Barred federal judges from issuing labor injunctions
“The Little Flower”
National Recovery
Administration
• Economic Planning– Agricultural Adjustment
Administration
• Industrial self-governance• Right to join labor union—Section
7A
National Labor Relations Act
• Also known as the Wagner Act (1935)
• Encourage collective bargaining to stabilize wages
• Guarantees worker’s right to join a union
• NLRB– arbitrates– counts ballots
Senator Robert Wagner (D-NY)
Anti-Racketeering Act of 1933
• New legitimacy requires policymakers redefine criminality
• Federal, state, local campaign against racketeering ensues
• Word is vague
• AFL uses to establish itself as the source of legitimacyAl Capone, 1929
Workers Respond• Progressive
unions make big gains– United Mine
Workers– Amalgamated
Clothing Workers
• AFL confronts manufacturing– Federal locals– Automobile
• Toledo• Auto-lite
• General strikes– Minneapolis– San Francisco
Minneapolis teamsters fight police, 1934
Employers
• Rhetorical
– Call NIRA fascism
– Call Democrats “communists”
• Practical– TextilesJames H. Rand, Jr.
President of Remington-Rand, Inc.Cited for "wholesale violations" of
NLRA