The Moon It's Just a Phase It's Going Through....

The Moon

It's Just a Phase It's Going Through...

Moon

Our planet's large natural satellite, the Moon, is the easiest astronomical object to observe.

The only "scientific instrument" you'll need at first is a pair of eyes.

Picture from NASA

The Moon's Orbit

Rotation– Moon is spinning on

its axis

Revolution– The moon orbits

around the Earth– It takes the moon

approximately one month to go around the Earth.

Why do we never see the DARK SIDE?

Synchronous Rotation is the reason we never see the dark side of the moon.

The Moon has become "locked" into a special kind of motion around the Earth.

It rotates on its axis at the same pace as it revolves around the Earth

As a result, the Moon keeps the same face toward us throughout its orbit.

Phases

The illuminated side of the moon always faces the sun.

New Moon

New moon occurs when the moon is between the sun & the Earth.

The entire dark side of the moon is facing the Earth.

The New Moon rises and sets with the sun.

What we see

What is happening from above.

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Sunlight

Full Moon The full moon occurs

when the Moon & the Sun are on opposite sides of the Earth.

The entire illuminated side of the moon is facing Earth.

The Full moon rises and sets opposite of the sun.

What we see

What is happening from above.

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Sunlight

Full Moon (you do not have to write this page)

The full moon is given different names, depending on when it appears. For example, the "Harvest moon" is the full moon that appears nearest to the Autumnal Equinox, occurring in late September or early October. Some other full moon names (by month) include

January Moon After Yule, Wolf Moon, or Old Moon February Snow Moon or Hunger Moon March Sap Moon, Crow Moon, or Lenten Moon April Grass Moon or Egg Moon May Milk Moon or Planting Moon June Rose Moon, Flower Moon, or Strawberry Moon July Thunder Moon or Hay Moon August Grain Moon or Green Corn Moon September Fruit Moon or Harvest Moon October Harvest Moon or Hunter's Moon November Hunter's Moon or Frosty Moon, December Moon Before Yule or Long Night Moon.

Blue Moon When there is more than

one full moon in a month, the second moon is called a blue moon.

A blue moon happens every two years on average.

The phrase, “Once in a blue moon” means very rarely or very seldom or almost never.

First QuarterMoon The First quarter

moon occurs when the moon is halfway between new and full.

As seen from the Earth, half the moon’s disk is illuminated.

What we see

What is happening from above.

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Sunlight

Third QuarterMoon The Third or last

quarter moon occurs halfway between the full moon & the new moon.

As seen from the Earth, half the moon’s disk is illuminated.

What is happening from above.

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Sunlight

What we see

Waxing When the moon is between

new & full, the visible part of the moon is increasing.

This is called waxing

“Light on the right, it’s getting bright” in the Northern Hemisphere

Waning

When the moon is between full & new, the visible part of the moon is decreasing.

This is called waning.

The illuminated part is on the left in the Northern Hemisphere.

Waning

Crescent

Crescent Moon When the moon is

between New & 1st Quarter it is called a waxing crescent.

When the moon is between 3rd & New it is called a waning crescent.

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Sunlight

New Moon

Full Moon

1st Quarter3rd Quarter

Waxing Crescent

Waning

Gibbous

Waning Crescent

Gibbous Moon When the moon

is between 1st Quarter & Full it is called a waxing gibbous.

When the moon is between Full & 3rd it is called a waning gibbous.

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Sunlight

New Moon

Full Moon

1st Quarter3rd Quarter

Waxing Crescent

Moon Movie

TIDES

Tides occur because of the pull of gravity of the Moon and the Sun on the Earth's oceans.

Because the Moon is closer to the Earth, it has the greatest effect on our tides.

There are approximately 2 high tides and 2 low tides every 24 hours.

Spring Tides

Spring tides occur at New Moon and Full Moon when the Sun, the Moon and the Earth are all in line.

This forms extremely high high-tides and extremely low low-tides

Neap Tides Neap tides occur at First Quarter

and Third Quarter, when the Sun, the Earth and the Moon are at right angles.

This forms low high-tides and high low-tides.

Sun – Moon – Earth review

The Moon revolves around the Earth

The Earth revolves around the Sun

The Moon doesn’t shine on its own; it reflects sunlight back to Earth

Phases:

New

Waxing Crescent 1st Quarter

Waxing Gibbous

Full

Waning Gibbous

3rd Quarter

Waning Crescent

New

The Sun shines on the Moon. – When the sunlight reflects off the Moon’s

far side, we call it a New Moon– When the sunlight reflects off on the

Moon’s near side, we call it a Full Moon– Between New and Full, we see different

parts of the daytime side of the Moon.

The Sun and Moon occasionally line up so that we have an eclipse.

Eclipses

When the Earth’s shadow covers the Moon, we have a lunar eclipse

Lunar Eclipses only happen during a full moon

The Earth’s atmosphere filters some sunlight and allows it to reach the Moon’s surface

The blue light is removed—scattered down to make a blue sky over those in daytime

Remaining light is red or orange

Some of this remaining light is bent or refracted so that a small fraction of it reaches the Moon

Exact appearance depends on dust and clouds in the Earth’s atmosphere

Why is the moon red during a lunar eclipse?

Solar Eclipse When the Moon’s shadow covers part of the

Earth Only happens at New Moon Three types: Annular, Partial, and Total

The Sun is about 400 times larger than the Moon, but it is also about 400 times further away.

As a result of this coincidence, the Moon can completely cover the Sun, producing a total solar eclipse.

Solar Eclipse

Photo of a Solar Eclipse

A total solar eclipse occurs about once every 18 months somewhere in the world.

At any given location, a total solar eclipse occurs once every 360 years.

The next total solar eclipse in the U.S. will be Aug. 21 2017.

Solar Eclipse

Solar Eclipse Observers in the “umbra” shadow see a total eclipse;

can see the corona (outer part of the sun)

Those in “penumbra” see a partial eclipse—not safe to look directly at Sun

Only lasts a few minutes

Path of Totality about 10,000 miles long, only 100 miles wide

Solar Eclipse