The Modern Systems Analyst Prepared by Kevin C. Dittman for Systems Analysis & Design Methods 4ed by J. L. Whitten & L. D. Bentley Copyright Irwin/McGraw-Hill 1998 1 Planning Analysis Design Support Problem to be solved Problem analysis and Solution requirements Acceptable solution Obsolete solution Implemen- tation Implemented solution Related problem to be solved New solution to same problem Implementation error to be fixed The Modern Systems Analyst Prepared by Kevin C. Dittman for Systems Analysis & Design Methods 4ed by J. L. Whitten & L. D. Bentley Copyright Irwin/McGraw-Hill 1998 2 Chief Executive Officer (CEO) or Line of Business Chief Executive VP of Information Services or Chief Information Officer (CIO) Manager Systems Development Telecommunications Administrator Manager End User Computing Data Administrator Manager. Computer Operations Data Analysts Database Analysts Database Administrators Network Managers Network Technicians Network Analysts End User Consultants End User Trainers System Programmers Capacity Analyst Computer Operators Manager Financial Systems Manager Development Center Manager Marketing Systems Manager Manufacturing Systems Systems Analysts Application Programmers The Modern Systems Analyst Prepared by Kevin C. Dittman for Systems Analysis & Design Methods 4ed by J. L. Whitten & L. D. Bentley Copyright Irwin/McGraw-Hill 1998 3 Chief Executive Officer (CEO) or Line of Business Chief Executive Chief Information Officer (CIO) (for central information services) Vice President Finance Vice President Marketing Vice President Manufacturing Manager Financial Information Services Manager Financial Information Services Manager Financial Information Services Network Manager Analyst/ Programmers Team Network Manager Analyst/ Programmers Team Network Manager Analyst/ Programmers Team Information Strategy Planning Team Information Technology Architecture Team Cross-Functional Systems & Applications Development Teams Information Technology Competency Centers Departmental Computing Coordination Data Administrator Telecommuni- cations Administrator Project Managers coordinate advise evaluate Other Technical Specialists Application Technology Specialists Database Specialists Network Specialists indicates dynamic assignments to teams as needed The Modern Systems Analyst Prepared by Kevin C. Dittman for Systems Analysis & Design Methods 4ed by J. L. Whitten & L. D. Bentley Copyright Irwin/McGraw-Hill 1998 4 Systems analyst Steering committee User 1 User 2 User N M anagement/ system owner Database administrator I nterface design expert Network administrator Applications programmers I nformation technology vendors
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The Modern Systems Analyst
Prepared by Kevin C. Dittman forSystems Analysis & Design Methods 4ed
by J. L. Whitten & L. D. Bentley Copyright Irwin/McGraw-Hill 19981
Planning
Analysis
Design
Support
Problem to be solved
Problem analysis
and
Solution requirements
Acceptable
solution
Obsolete solution
Implemen- tation
Implemented
solution
Related problem to be solved
New solution
to same problemImplementation
error
to be fixed
The Modern Systems Analyst
Prepared by Kevin C. Dittman forSystems Analysis & Design Methods 4ed
by J. L. Whitten & L. D. Bentley Copyright Irwin/McGraw-Hill 19982
Chief Executive Officer (CEO)
or
Line of Business Chief Executive
VP of Information Services
or
Chief Information Officer (CIO)
Manager
Systems Development
Telecommunications
Administrator
Manager
End User Computing
Data
Administrator
Manager.
Computer Operations
Data
Analysts
Database
Analysts
Database
Administrators
Network
Managers
Network
Technicians
Network
AnalystsEnd User
Consultants
End User
Trainers
System
Programmers
Capacity
Analyst
Computer
Operators
Manager
Financial
Systems
Manager
Development
Center
Manager
Marketing
Systems
Manager
Manufacturing
Systems
Systems
Analysts
Application
Programmers
The Modern Systems Analyst
Prepared by Kevin C. Dittman forSystems Analysis & Design Methods 4ed
by J. L. Whitten & L. D. Bentley Copyright Irwin/McGraw-Hill 19983
Chief Executive Officer (CEO)
or
Line of Business Chief Executive
Chief Information Officer (CIO)
(for central information services)
Vice President
Finance
Vice President
Marketing
Vice President
Manufacturing
Manager
Financial
Information
Services
Manager
Financial
Information
Services
Manager
Financial
Information
Services
Network
Manager
Analyst/
Programmers
Team
Network
Manager
Analyst/
Programmers
Team
Network
Manager
Analyst/
Programmers
Team
Information
Strategy
Planning
Team
Information
Technology
Architecture
Team
Cross-Functional
Systems &
Applications
Development Teams
Information
Technology
Competency
Centers
Departmental
Computing
Coordination
Data
Administrator
Telecommuni-
cations
Administrator
Project
Managers
coordinate advise evaluate
Other
Technical
Specialists
Application
Technology
Specialists
Database
Specialists
Network
Specialists
indicates dynamic
assignments
to teams
as needed
The Modern Systems Analyst
Prepared by Kevin C. Dittman forSystems Analysis & Design Methods 4ed
by J. L. Whitten & L. D. Bentley Copyright Irwin/McGraw-Hill 19984
Systemsanalyst
Steering committee
User 1
User 2
User N
Management/ systemowner
Databaseadministrator
Interfacedesign expert
Networkadministrator
Applicationsprogrammers
Informationtechnology
vendors
Prepared by Kevin C. Dittman forSystems Analysis & Design Methods 4ed
by J. L. Whitten & L. D. Bentley Copyright Irwin/McGraw-Hill 19981
Information System Building Blocks
Transaction
Processing
System
Executive
Information
System
Management
Information
System
Decision
Support
System
Expert
System
Personal
Information
System
Office
Information
System
Business
Database
Expertise
Database
Business Data
Warehouse
Data
Data
Captured
data
Data
and
messages
Read-only
data
Data
snapshots
Read-only
data
Data
Rules
Data
Problem
Decision
support
information
Executive
inquiry
Executive
information
Any Manager
Any
Decision Maker
or
Executive
Information
need
Management
information
Any
Relevant
User
Problem
Solution
Any
User
Transaction
Data
Transaction
information
Communications
between users
and within groups
Any
User
Personal
data
Shared
data
Personal
Files &
Databases
Personal
data
Personal
information
Prepared by Kevin C. Dittman forSystems Analysis & Design Methods 4ed
by J. L. Whitten & L. D. Bentley Copyright Irwin/McGraw-Hill 19982
Information System Building BlocksINFORMATION SYSTEMS FRAMEWORK
S
Y
S
T
E
M
A
N
A
L
Y
S
T
S
SYSTEM
BUILDERS
SYSTEM
DESIGNERS
SYSTEM
USERS
SYSTEM
OWNERS
Data
Technology
INFORMATION SYSTEM COMPONENTS
(the actual, technical implementation of the system)
INFORMATION SYSTEM DESIGN
(HOW the system will be implemented using technology)
INFORMATION SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS
(WHAT the system "is" and "must do" independent of technology)
INFORMATION SYSTEM SCOPE
(purpose and vision; goals and objectives; costs and benefits)
INFORMATION SYSTEM FOCUSES
Networking
TechnologyInterface
TechnologySoftware
Technology
Prepared by Kevin C. Dittman forSystems Analysis & Design Methods 4ed
by J. L. Whitten & L. D. Bentley Copyright Irwin/McGraw-Hill 19983
Information System Building BlocksINFORMATION SYSTEMS FRAMEWORK
S
Y
S
T
E
M
A
N
A
L
Y
S
T
S
SYSTEM
BUILDERS
(components)
SYSTEM
DESIGNERS
(specification)
SYSTEM
USERS
(requirements)
SYSTEM
OWNERS
(scope)
System
Builders'
views of
DATA
System
Designers'
views of
DATA
System
Users'
views of
DATA
System
Owners'
views of
DATA
DATA
FOCUS
Data
Technology
System
Builders'
views of
PROCESSES
System
Designers'
views of
PROCESSES
System
Users'
views of
PROCESSES
System
Owners'
views of
PROCESSES
PROCESS
FOCUS
System
Builders'
views of
INTERFACES
System
Designers'
views of
INTERFACES
System
Users'
views of
INTERFACES
System
Owners'
views of
INTERFACES
INTERFACE
FOCUS
System
Builders'
views of
GEOGRAPHY
System
Designers'
views of
GEOGRAPHY
System
Users'
view of
GEOGRAPHY
System
Owners'
views of
GEOGRAPHY
GEOGRAPHY
FOCUS
Networking
Technology
Interface
TechnologySoftware
Technology
Prepared by Kevin C. Dittman forSystems Analysis & Design Methods 4ed
by J. L. Whitten & L. D. Bentley Copyright Irwin/McGraw-Hill 19984
Information System Building BlocksINFORMATION SYSTEMS FRAMEWORK
S
Y
S
T
E
M
A
N
A
L
Y
S
T
S
(facilitation)
SYSTEM
BUILDERS
(components)
SYSTEM
DESIGNERS
(specification)
SYSTEM
USERS
(requirements)
SYSTEM
OWNERS
(scope)
Database
Technology
FOCUS ON
SYSTEM
DATA
COBOL Program
Structure Chart
Data Flow Diagram
Decomposition Diagram
FOCUS ON
SYSTEM
PROCESSES
FOCUS ON
SYSTEM
INTERFACES
COBOL
Compiler
on
IBM 3090 MVS
Interface
TechnologyNetworking
Telchnology
FOCUS ON
SYSTEM
GEOGRAPHY
Marketing
Advertising
Orders
Sales
Cancellations Services
Check
credit
Validate
customer
Validate
products
Release
order
Customers
Orders
Products
order
custome
number
valid orde
order witho
valid
customer
credi
order with
valid produc
approved ord
quantity
in stock
approve
order
rejected ord
prices
picking
ticket
Order
Processing
Program
Process
an Order
Initiation
Routine
Shutdown
Routine
Get an
Order
Validate
an Order
File an
Order
Check
Customer
Credit
Check
Product
Data
Check
Credit
Data
Release
an
Order
Customers ProductsOrders
VALIDATE_AN_ORDE
REPEAT UNTIL NO_MORE_ORD
PERFORM CUSTOMER_VALI
REPEAT UNTIL NO_MORE_ORDER
PERFORM PRODUCT_VALID
END REPEAT
PERFORM CREDIT_CHE
IF CREDIT CHECK 'BAD' T
Prepared by Kevin C. Dittman forSystems Analysis & Design Methods 4ed
by J. L. Whitten & L. D. Bentley Copyright Irwin/McGraw-Hill 19985
Information System Building BlocksINFORMATION SYSTEMS FRAMEWORK
S
Y
S
T
E
M
A
N
A
L
Y
S
T
S
(facilitation)
SYSTEM
BUILDERS
(components)
SYSTEM
DESIGNERS
(specification)
SYSTEM
USERS
(requirements)
SYSTEM
OWNERS
(scope)
Database
Technology
Database Programs
Database Schema
Data Requirements
Business Subjects
FOCUS ON
SYSTEM
DATA
FOCUS ON
SYSTEM
PROCESSES
FOCUS ON
SYSTEM
INTERFACES
Software
Technology
Interface
TechnologyNetworking
Telchnology
FOCUS ON
SYSTEM
GEOGRAPHY
Customers order zero,
one, or more products.
Products may be ordered
by zero, one, or more
customers.
CUSTOME
customer_no [Alpha (10
customer_name [Alp
customer_rating [Alpha(
balance_due [Rea
PRODUC
product_no [Alpha(1
product_name [Alp
unit_of_measure [A
unit_price [Rea
quantity_available [In
ORDER
order_no [Alpha(12)
order_date [Date(mm
CUSTOMER.custom
ORDER_PROD
ORDER.order
PRODUCT.produ
quantity_ordered [In
CREATE TABLE CUSTO
(customer_no CHAR(10) NO
customer_name CHAR(32) NO
customer _rating CHAR(1) NO
balance_due DECIMA
CREATE INDEX cust_no_idx on CU
CREATE INDEX cust_rt_idx on CU
CUSTOMER
customer-no
customer-name
customer-rating
balance-due
PRODUCT
product-no
product-name
unit-of-measure
unit-price
quantity-availab
ORDER
order-no
order-date
products-ordered
quantities-ordered
Prepared by Kevin C. Dittman forSystems Analysis & Design Methods 4ed
by J. L. Whitten & L. D. Bentley Copyright Irwin/McGraw-Hill 19986
Information System Building BlocksINFORMATION SYSTEMS FRAMEWORK
S
Y
S
T
E
M
A
N
A
L
Y
S
T
S
(facilitation)
SYSTEM
BUILDERS
(components)
SYSTEM
DESIGNERS
(specification)
SYSTEM
USERS
(requirements)
SYSTEM
OWNERS
(scope)
Database
Technology
Database Structures
Database Scehma
Data Requirements
Business Subjects
FOCUS ON
SYSTEM
DATA
Application Programs
Application Schema
Business Process
Reqts.
Business Functions
FOCUS ON
SYSTEM
PROCESSES
FOCUS ON
SYSTEM
INTERFACES
Software
(and Hardware)
Technology
Interface
TechnologyNetworking
Telchnology
FOCUS ON
SYSTEM
GEOGRAPHY
Marketing
Advertising
Orders
Sales
Cancellations Services
Order
Processing
Program
Process
an Order
Initiation
Routine
Shutdown
Routine
Get an
Order
Validate
an Order
File an
Order
Check
Customer
Credit
Check
Product
Data
Check
Credit
Data
Release
an
Order
Customers ProductsOrders
VALIDATE_AN_ORDE
REPEAT UNTIL NO_MORE_OR
PERFORM CUSTOMER_VAL
REPEAT UNTIL NO_MORE_ORDER
PERFORM PRODUCT_VALID
END REPEA
PERFORM CREDIT_CHE
IF CREDIT CHECK 'BAD' T
Check
credit
Validate
customer
Validate
products
Release
order
Customers
Orders
Products
order
custome
number
valid orde
order withou
valid
customer
credit
order with
valid product
approved orde
quantity
in stock
approved
order
rejected orde
prices
picking
ticket
Prepared by Kevin C. Dittman forSystems Analysis & Design Methods 4ed
by J. L. Whitten & L. D. Bentley Copyright Irwin/McGraw-Hill 19987
Information System Building BlocksINFORMATION SYSTEMS FRAMEWORK
S
Y
S
T
E
M
A
N
A
L
Y
S
T
S
(facilitation)
SYSTEM
BUILDERS
(components)
SYSTEM
DESIGNERS
(specification)
SYSTEM
USERS
(requirements)
SYSTEM
OWNERS
(scope)
Database
Technology
Database Structures
Database Scehma
Data Requirements
Business Subjects
FOCUS ON
SYSTEM
DATA
Application Programs
Application Schema
Business Process
Reqts.
Business Functions
FOCUS ON
SYSTEM
PROCESSES
Component Programs
Interface Schema
Input/Output Reqts.
System Context
FOCUS ON
SYSTEM
INTERFACES
Software
(and Hardware)
Technology
Interface
TechnologyNetworking
Telchnology
FOCUS ON
SYSTEM
GEOGRAPHY
Order
Management
System
Customer
Accounts
Receivable
Database
Warehouse
Bank
OrderPicking
Order
Credit
Credit
Voucher
Order Form
Help +
CustomerForm
Product
Lookup
Logon
New Customer
New Order
Order Accepted
Change
of
Address
First Order
Request Order Help
Order Help Complete
Request
Product
Lookup
Request Product Lookup Help
Product Lookup Help Complete
On Event Help.ButtonClick D
Change Focus HelpDialo
On Event OKButton Do
Begin
{proecdure}
End
On Event CancelButton Do
Firecracker Sales
Prepared by Kevin C. Dittman forSystems Analysis & Design Methods 4ed
by J. L. Whitten & L. D. Bentley Copyright Irwin/McGraw-Hill 19988
Information System Building BlocksINFORMATION SYSTEMS FRAMEWORK
S
Y
S
T
E
M
A
N
A
L
Y
S
T
S
(facilitation)
SYSTEM
BUILDERS
(components)
SYSTEM
DESIGNERS
(specification)
SYSTEM
USERS
(requirements)
SYSTEM
OWNERS
(scope)
Database
Technology
Database Structures
Database Scehma
Data Requirements
Business Subjects
FOCUS ON
SYSTEM
DATA
Application Programs
Application Schema
Business Process
Reqts.
Business Functions
FOCUS ON
SYSTEM
PROCESSES
Component Programs
Interface Schema
Input/Output Reqts.
System Context
FOCUS ON
SYSTEM
INTERFACES
Software
(and Hardware)
Technology
Interface
TechnologyNetworking
Telchnology
Network Programs
Network Schema
Communication Reqts.
Operating Locations
FOCUS ON
SYSTEM
GEOGRAPHY
EDI
Cust
St.
Louis
HQ
LA
Office
Indy
Ware-
house
NY
Office
West
Customers
East
Customers
Maintenance
Records
Products
Catalogorder
catalog
changes
ship
order
ship
ordership order
credit credit
service
St. Louis
Mainframe
Indy AIX Serve
NT Server LA
NT Server NY
Communication
Controller
PBX
Enternet LAN AIX/Lan
Manager
Ethernet LAN/NT
Ethernet LAN/NT
Client PC Client PC
Client PC Client PC
Create AccountType =
SalesClerk
Set OrderDir.Rights=full
Set CustomerDir.Rights=ful
Set ProductDir.Rights=read
Set OrderAppDir.Rights=cop
Prepared by Kevin C. Dittman forSystems Analysis & Design Methods 4ed
by J. L. Whitten & L. D. Bentley Copyright Irwin/McGraw-Hill 19989
Information System Building BlocksINFORMATION SYSTEMS FRAMEWORK
S
Y
S
T
E
M
A
N
A
L
Y
S
T
S
(facilitation)
SYSTEM
BUILDERS
(components)
SYSTEM
DESIGNERS
(specification)
SYSTEM
USERS
(requirements)
SYSTEM
OWNERS
(scope)
Database
Technology
Database Structures
any good DB course
Database Scehma
Chapter 12
Data Requirements
Chapters 5, 6
Business Subjects
Chapters 5, 6
FOCUS ON
SYSTEM
DATA
Application Programs
any good
programming course
Application Schema
Chapters 11, 16
Business Processes
Chapters 5, 7
Business Functions
Chapters 5, 7
FOCUS ON
SYSTEM
PROCESSES
Component Programs
any good
programming course
Interface Schema
Chapters 11, 13, 14, 15
Interface Requirements
Chapters 5, 13, 14
System Context
Chapters 5, 7
FOCUS ON
SYSTEM
INTERFACES
Software
(and Hardware)
Technology
Interface
TechnologyNetworking
Telchnology
Network Programs
any good data
communication course
Network Schema
Chapter 11
Communication Reqts.
Chapters 5, 8
Operating Locations
Chapters 5, 8
FOCUS ON
SYSTEM
GEOGRAPHY
CREATE TABLE CUSTOMER
(customer_no CHAR(10) NOT NULL
customer_name CHAR(32) NOT NULL
customer _rating CHAR(1) NOT NULL
balance_due DECIMAL(5,2)
CREATE INDEX cust_no_idx on CUSTOMER
CREATE INDEX cust_rt_idx on CUSTOMER
CUSTOMER
customer-nocustomer-name
customer-ratingbalance-due
PRODUCT
product-no
product-name
unit-of-measureunit-price
quantity-availabl
ORDER
order-no
order-date
products-orderedquantities-ordered
Order Form
Help +
Customer
Form
Product
Lookup
Logon
New Customer
New Order
Order Accepted
Changeof
Address
First Order
Request Order Help
Order Help Complete
RequestProductLookup
Request Product Lookup Help
Product Lookup Help Complete
On Event Help.ButtonClick Do
Change Focus HelpDialog
On Event OKButton Do
Begin
{proecdure}
End
On Event CancelButton Do
Create AccountType =
SalesClerk
Set OrderDir.Rights=full
Set CustomerDir.Rights=full
Set ProductDir.Rights=read
Set OrderAppDir.Rights=copy
Customers order zero,
one, or more products.
Products may be ordered
by zero, one, or more
customers.
Marketing
Advertising
Orders
Sales
Cancellations Services
Order
Management
System
Customer
Accounts
Receivable
Database
Warehouse
Bank
OrderPickingOrder
Credit
CreditVoucher
Check
credit
Validate
customer
Validate
products
Release
order
Customers
Orders
Products
order
customer
number
valid order
order without
valid
customer
credit
order with
valid products
approved order
quantity
in stock
approved
order
rejected order
prices
picking
ticket
Firecracker Sales
EDI
Cust
St.
Louis
HQ
LA
Office
Indy
Ware-
house
NY
Office
West
Customers
East
Customers
Maintenance
Records
Products
Catalogorder
catalog
changes
ship
order
ship
ordership order
credit credit
service
CUSTOMER
customer_no [Alpha (10)] IN
customer_name [Alpha(3
customer_rating [Alpha(1)] IN
balance_due [Real(5,
PRODUCT
product_no [Alpha(10)] IN
product_name [Alpha(3
unit_of_measure [Alpha(
unit_price [Real(3,2
quantity_available [Intege
ORDER
order_no [Alpha(12)] IND
order_date [Date(mmddy
CUSTOMER.customer_
ORDER_PRODUC
ORDER.order_n
PRODUCT.product_n
quantity_ordered [Intege
OrderProcessing
Program
Process
an Order
Initiation
Routine
Shutdown
Routine
Get an
Order
Validate
an Order
File an
Order
Check
CustomerCredit
Check
ProductData
Check
CreditData
Release
anOrder
Customers ProductsOrders
St. Louis
Mainframe
Indy AIX Server
NT Server LA
NT Server NY
Communications
Controller
PBX
Enternet LAN AIX/Lan
Manager
Ethernet LAN/NT
Ethernet LAN/NT
Client PC Client PC
Client PC Client PC
VALIDATE_AN_ORDER.
REPEAT UNTIL NO_MORE_ORDERS
PERFORM CUSTOMER_VALIDATIO
REPEAT UNTIL NO_MORE_ORDER
PERFORM PRODUCT_VALIDATI
END REPEAT.
PERFORM CREDIT_CHECK.
IF CREDIT CHECK 'BAD' THEN
Prepared by Kevin C. Dittman forSystems Analysis & Design Methods 4ed
by J. L. Whitten & L. D. Bentley Copyright Irwin/McGraw-Hill 19981
Information System DevelopmentINFORMATION SYSTEMS FRAMEWORK
S
Y
S
T
E
M
A
N
A
L
Y
S
T
S
SYSTEM
BUILDERS
(components)
SYSTEM
DESIGNERS
(specification)
SYSTEM
USERS
(requirements)
SYSTEM
OWNERS
(scope)
Database
Technology
Database Structures
Database Scehma
Data Requirements
Business Subjects
FOCUS ON
SYSTEM
DATA
Application Programs
Application Schema
Business Processes
Business Functions
FOCUS ON
SYSTEM
PROCESSES
Component Programs
Interface Schema
Interface Requirements
System Context
FOCUS ON
SYSTEM
INTERFACES
Software
(and Hardware)
Technology
Interface
TechnologyNetworking
Telchnology
Network Programs
Network Schema
Communication Reqts.
Operating Locations
FOCUS ON
SYSTEM
GEOGRAPHY
SYSTEM
SUPPORT
SYSTEM
IMPLEMENTATION
SYSTEM
DESIGN
SYSTEM
ANALYSIS
SYSTEM
PLANNING
System
Development
CREATE TABLE CUSTOM
(customer_no CHAR(10) NOT N
customer_name CHAR(32) NOT
customer _rating CHAR(1) NOT N
balance_due DECIMAL(5
CREATE INDEX cust_no_idx on CUSTO
CREATE INDEX cust_rt_idx on CUSTO
CUSTOMER
customer-n
customer-nam
customer-ratin
balance-du
PRODUCT
product-no
product-nam
unit-of-measu
unit-price
quantity-availa
ORDER
order-no
order-date
products-order
quantities-order
Order Form
Help +
Customer
Form
Product
Lookup
Logon
New Custome
New Orde
Order Accepte
Change
of
Address
First Orde
Request Order He
Order Help Comple
Reques
Product
Lookup
Request Product Lookup He
Product Lookup Help Compl
On Event Help.ButtonClick Do
Change Focus HelpDialog
On Event OKButton Do
Begin
{proecdure}
End
On Event CancelButton Do
Create AccountType =
SalesClerk
Set OrderDir.Rights=full
Set CustomerDir.Rights=full
Set ProductDir.Rights=read
Set OrderAppDir.Rights=copy
Customers order zero,
one, or more products.
Products may be ordered
by zero, one, or more
customers.
Marketing
Advertising
Orders
Sales
Cancellations Services
Order
Management
System
Customer
Accounts
Receivable
Database
Warehouse
Bank
OrderPicking
Order
Credit
Credit
Voucher
Check
credit
Validate
customer
Validate
products
Release
order
Customers
Orders
Products
order
custome
number
valid orde
order witho
valid
customer
credi
order with
valid produc
approved ord
quantity
in stock
approve
order
rejected ord
prices
picking
ticket
Firecracker Sales
EDI
Cust
St.
Louis
HQ
LA
Office
Indy
Ware-
house
NY
Office
West
Customers
East
Customers
Maintenance
Records
Products
Catalogorder
catalog
changes
ship
order
ship
ordership order
credit credit
service
CUSTOME
customer_no [Alpha (10
customer_name [Alp
customer_rating [Alpha(
balance_due [Rea
PRODUC
product_no [Alpha(10
product_name [Alph
unit_of_measure [Al
unit_price [Real
quantity_available [In
ORDER
order_no [Alpha(12)]
order_date [Date(mm
CUSTOMER.custom
ORDER_PROD
ORDER.order
PRODUCT.produ
quantity_ordered [Int
Order
Processing
Program
Process
an Order
Initiation
Routine
Shutdown
Routine
Get an
Order
Validate
an Order
File an
Order
Check
CustomerCredit
Check
ProductData
Check
CreditData
Release
anOrder
Customers ProductsOrders
St. Louis
Mainframe
Indy AIX Serve
NT Server LA
NT Server NY
Communication
Controller
PBX
Enternet LAN AIX/Lan
Manager
Ethernet LAN/NT
Ethernet LAN/NT
Client PC Client PC
Client PC Client PC
VALIDATE_AN_ORDER.
REPEAT UNTIL NO_MORE_ORDER
PERFORM CUSTOMER_VALIDAT
REPEAT UNTIL NO_MORE_ORDER
PERFORM PRODUCT_VALIDAT
END REPEAT.
PERFORM CREDIT_CHECK
IF CREDIT CHECK 'BAD' THEN
Prepared by Kevin C. Dittman forSystems Analysis & Design Methods 4ed
by J. L. Whitten & L. D. Bentley Copyright Irwin/McGraw-Hill 19982
Information System Development
Systems
Planning
Systems
Analysis
Systems Design
Systems
Implementation
Systems
Support
Obsolete System
New 'business' problem or requirement
New 'technology'
alternative or requirementImplementation error
Prepared by Kevin C. Dittman forSystems Analysis & Design Methods 4ed
by J. L. Whitten & L. D. Bentley Copyright Irwin/McGraw-Hill 19983
Information System Development
REASON:
A
System
Development
Methodology
System
Users
System
Owners
Production
System
Database
Program
LibraryRepository
STARTSTART
System
Knowledge and
Documentation
Database
Structures
and actual
Business Data
Application Programs
FINISH
Planned
System
Initiative
Unplanned
System
Request
OR
Prepared by Kevin C. Dittman forSystems Analysis & Design Methods 4ed
by J. L. Whitten & L. D. Bentley Copyright Irwin/McGraw-Hill 19984
Information System Development
1
Survey
Phase
2
Study
Phase
3
Definition
Phase
4
Targeting Phase
6
Design Phase
7
Construction
Phase
5
Purchasing
Phase (if necessary)
8
Delivery
Phase
System
Users
System
Owners
Information Technology
Vendors
Unplanned System Problem
Planned
System Project
Project and System Scope
System
Objectives
Business
Requirements
Technology Requirements
Design
Requirements
Technology Integration
Requirements
Design
Specifications
Prototypes
Operational System
Business Requirements
Business Requirements
Request for
Proposals
Proposals
Production System
Prepared by Kevin C. Dittman forSystems Analysis & Design Methods 4ed
by J. L. Whitten & L. D. Bentley Copyright Irwin/McGraw-Hill 19985
Information System Development
1
Survey and
plan the
project
2
Study and
analyze the
existing
system
3
Define
and priortize
the business
requirements
4
Target a
feasible
system
solution
6
Design and
integrate
the
target
system
7
Construct
and test
the target
system
5
Purchase
any new
hardware and
software
8
Install and
implement
the
production
system
System
Users
System
Owners
Information
Technology
Vendors
training, support, and feedback
demonstrations
and
feedback
ideas
and
opinions
ideas
and
opinions
requirements
and
rriorities
the business,
problems,
causes, and
effects
Unplanned System Request
Planned
System
Project
Project and
System Scope
System
Objectives
Business
Requirements
Technology
Requirements
Design
Requirements
Technology
Integration
Requirements
Design
Specifications
Prototypes
Functional
System
technology standards
technology
standards
system
proposal
problem statement
and
feasibility analysis
Business Requirements
Business
Requirements
Request
for
Proposals
Proposals
technical
support
installation
support
consulting
services
Production System
executive
leadership
Feasibility
Assessment
and
Project
Plan
technical
leadership
scope
technology proposal
Prepared by Kevin C. Dittman forSystems Analysis & Design Methods 4ed
by J. L. Whitten & L. D. Bentley Copyright Irwin/McGraw-Hill 19986
Information System DevelopmentINFORMATION SYSTEMS FRAMEWORK
S
Y
S
T
E
M
A
N
A
L
Y
S
T
S
SYSTEM
BUILDERS
(components)
SYSTEM
DESIGNERS
(specification)
SYSTEM
USERS
(requirements)
SYSTEM
OWNERS
(scope)
Database
Technology
(and standards)
Database Structures
Database Scehma
Data Requirements
Business Subjects
FOCUS ON
SYSTEM
DATA
Application Programs
Application Schema
Business Processes
Business Functions
FOCUS ON
SYSTEM
PROCESSES
Component Programs
Interface Schema
Interface Requirements
System Context
FOCUS ON
SYSTEM
INTERFACES
Software
(and Hardware)
Technology
(and standards)
Interface
Technology
(and standards)
Networking
Telchnology
(and standards)
Network Programs
Network Schema
Communication Reqts.
Operating Locations
FOCUS ON
SYSTEM
GEOGRAPHY
On-Going Support
Maintenance
Continuous
Improvement
Construction Phase
Delivery Phase
Targeting Phase
Purchasing Phase
Design Phase
Study Phase
Definition Phase
Survey Phase
(and project
planning)
Methodology
CREATE TABLE CUSTOM
(customer_no CHAR(10) NOT N
customer_name CHAR(32) NOT
customer _rating CHAR(1) NOT N
balance_due DECIMAL(5
CREATE INDEX cust_no_idx on CUSTO
CREATE INDEX cust_rt_idx on CUSTO
CUSTOMER
customer-ncustomer-nam
customer-rati
balance-du
PRODUCTproduct-no
product-namunit-of-measu
unit-price
quantity-availa
ORDER
order-no
order-date
products-orderquantities-order
Order Form
Help +
Customer
Form
Product
Lookup
Logon
New Custome
New Orde
Order Accepte
Change
of
Address
First Orde
Request Order He
Order Help Comple
Reques
ProductLookup
Request Product Lookup H
Product Lookup Help Compl
On Event Help.ButtonClick Do
Change Focus HelpDialog
On Event OKButton Do
Begin
{proecdure}
End
On Event CancelButton Do
Create AccountType =
SalesClerk
Set OrderDir.Rights=full
Set CustomerDir.Rights=full
Set ProductDir.Rights=read
Set OrderAppDir.Rights=copy
Customers order zero,
one, or more products.
Products may be ordered
by zero, one, or more
customers.
Marketing
Advertising
Orders
Sales
Cancellations Services
Order
Management
System
Customer
Accounts
Receivable
Database
Warehouse
Bank
OrderPicking
Order
Credit
Credit
Voucher
Check
credit
Validate
customer
Validate
products
Release
order
Customers
Orders
Products
order
custome
number
valid orde
order witho
valid
customer
credi
order with
valid produc
approved ord
quantity
in stock
approve
order
rejected ord
prices
picking
ticket
Firecracker Sales
EDI
Cust
St.
Louis
HQ
LA
Office
Indy
Ware-
house
NY
Office
West
Customers
East
Customers
Maintenance
Records
Products
Catalogorder
catalog
changes
ship
order
ship
ordership order
credit credit
service
CUSTOME
customer_no [Alpha (10
customer_name [Alp
customer_rating [Alpha(1
balance_due [Rea
PRODUC
product_no [Alpha(10
product_name [Alph
unit_of_measure [Al
unit_price [Real
quantity_available [In
ORDER
order_no [Alpha(12)]
order_date [Date(mm
CUSTOMER.custom
ORDER_PROD
ORDER.order
PRODUCT.produ
quantity_ordered [Int
Order
Processing
Program
Process
an Order
Initiation
Routine
Shutdown
Routine
Get an
Order
Validate
an Order
File an
Order
Check
Customer
Credit
Check
Product
Data
Check
Credit
Data
Release
an
Order
Customers Products Orders
St. Louis
Mainframe
Indy AIX Serve
NT Server LA
NT Server NY
Communication
Controller
PBX
Enternet LAN AIX/Lan
Manager
Ethernet LAN/NT
Ethernet LAN/NT
Client PC Client PC
Client PC Client PC
VALIDATE_AN_ORDER.
REPEAT UNTIL NO_MORE_ORDER
PERFORM CUSTOMER_VALIDAT
REPEAT UNTIL NO_MORE_ORDER
PERFORM PRODUCT_VALIDAT
END REPEAT.
PERFORM CREDIT_CHECK
IF CREDIT CHECK 'BAD' THEN
Prepared by Kevin C. Dittman forSystems Analysis & Design Methods 4ed
by J. L. Whitten & L. D. Bentley Copyright Irwin/McGraw-Hill 19987
Prepared by Kevin C. Dittman forSystems Analysis & Design Methods 4ed
by J. L. Whitten & L. D. Bentley Copyright Irwin/McGraw-Hill 19988
Information System Development
1
The
Survey
Phase
2
The
Study
Phase3
The
Definition
Phase
4
The
Targeting
Phase
5
The
Design
Phase
7
The
Construction
Phase6
The
Purchasing
Phase
8
The
Implementa-
tion
Phase
Program
LibraryDatabase
Repository
project and
system scope
system objectives
business
requirements
design and technology
requirements
design
specificationstechnology
integration requirements
functional system
specifications
production system
specifications
purchased
software
prototypes
and functional
software
production software
test data
actual business dataPrepared by Kevin C. Dittman for
Systems Analysis & Design Methods 4edby J. L. Whitten & L. D. Bentley Copyright Irwin/McGraw-Hill 1998
9
Information System Development
Computer-aided systems engineering (CASE)
Prepared by Kevin C. Dittman forSystems Analysis & Design Methods 4ed
by J. L. Whitten & L. D. Bentley Copyright Irwin/McGraw-Hill 199810
Information System Development
CENTRAL
REPOSITORY
Local
Repository
(on a LAN
Server)Security and
Version
Control
Inquiry and
Reporting
Tools
Data
Sharing
Tools
House-
keeping
Tools
Graphics
Tools
Decision
Support
Tools
Quality
Management
Tools
Design
Generators
Code
GeneratorsDocument
Tools
INPUTS: models,
descriptions
and prototypes
OUTPUTS: reports,
problems, and
analyses
imported and
exported
knowledgecheck-out/
check in knowledge
Repository Server
CASE Tool
Facilities (on a workstation)
Description
Tools
Prototyping
Toolslinks links
Prepared by Kevin C. Dittman forSystems Analysis & Design Methods 4ed
by J. L. Whitten & L. D. Bentley Copyright Irwin/McGraw-Hill 19981
Systems Analysis
1
Survey and
plan the
project
2
Study and
analyze the
existing
system
3
Define
and priortize
the business
requirements
Project and
System Scope
System
Improvement
Objectives
Business
Requirements
Business
Requirementsto the design phase
to the configuration phase
Repository
Documentation
Documentation
Documentation
SYSTEM ANALYSIS
Prepared by Kevin C. Dittman forSystems Analysis & Design Methods 4ed
by J. L. Whitten & L. D. Bentley Copyright Irwin/McGraw-Hill 19982
Systems Analysis
Club
Member
Club
Member
Warehouse
Accounts
Orders
Process
Automatic
Orders
Process
Bonus
Orders
Process
Member
Orders
Member order response
Credit rating and limit
Credit rating
and limitCredit
rating
and
limit
Order to be
filledOrder to be filled
Revised automatic orderExisting order details
Bonus
Order
Order
to be
filled
Prepared by Kevin C. Dittman forSystems Analysis & Design Methods 4ed
by J. L. Whitten & L. D. Bentley Copyright Irwin/McGraw-Hill 19983
Systems Analysis
Member Agreeementis enrolled under;
applies to
Club
established by;
established
Member
Order
Product Promotionsponsors;
is sponsored byis featured in;
features
generates;
generated by
sells;
is sold on
placed by;
places
Prepared by Kevin C. Dittman forSystems Analysis & Design Methods 4ed
by J. L. Whitten & L. D. Bentley Copyright Irwin/McGraw-Hill 19984
Systems AnalysisINFORMATION SYSTEMS FRAMEWORK
S
Y
S
T
E
M
A
N
A
L
Y
S
T
S
SYSTEM
BUILDERS
(components)
SYSTEM
DESIGNERS
(specification)
SYSTEM
USERS
(requirements)
SYSTEM
OWNERS
(scope)
Existing
Databases
and
Technology
Business Subjects
d t
FOCUS ON
SYSTEM
DATA
Business Functions
FOCUS ON
SYSTEM
PROCESSES
System Context
th t
FOCUS ON
SYSTEM
INTERFACES
Existing
Applications
and Technology
Existing
Interfaces
and
Technology
Existing
Networks
and
Technology
Operating Locations
hi
FOCUS ON
SYSTEM
GEOGRAPHY
Survey Phase
(establish scope
and project plan)
FAST
Methodology
Customers order zero,
one, or more products.
Products may be ordered
by zero, one, or more
customers.
Marketing
Advertising
Orders
Sales
Cancellations Services
Order
Management
System
Customer
Accounts
Receivable
Database
Warehouse
Bank
OrderPicking
Order
Credit
Credit
Voucher
Prepared by Kevin C. Dittman forSystems Analysis & Design Methods 4ed
by J. L. Whitten & L. D. Bentley Copyright Irwin/McGraw-Hill 19985
Systems Analysis
1.1
Survey
problems
and
opportunities
1.2
Negotiate
project
scope
1.3
Plan
the
project
Repository
1.4
Present
the
project
System
Owners
System
Owners
and Users
Request
for
system
services
Request
for
system
services
problem
survey
statement
Problem survey
statement
scope
statement
Request
for
system
services
Problem
statement
Scope
statement
Project
plan
Problem statement
Scope statement
Project plan
System
Management
Project templates
and
Project standards
Project
charter
Project charter
Prepared by Kevin C. Dittman forSystems Analysis & Design Methods 4ed
by J. L. Whitten & L. D. Bentley Copyright Irwin/McGraw-Hill 19986
Systems Analysis
FORM ISS-100-RFSS (Last r evised December , 1996)
SoundStage Entertainment ClubInformation System ServicesPhone: 494-0666 Fax: 494-0999Internet: http://www.soundstage.comIntranet: http://www.soundtstage.com/iss
DATE OF REQUEST SERVICE REQUESTED FOR DEPARTMENT(S)
January 10, 1997 Member Services, Warehouse, Shipping
SUBMITTED BY (key user contact) EXECUTIVE SPONSOR (funding authority)Name Sarah Hartman Name Galen Kirkhoff
Title Business Analyst, Member Services Title Vice President, Member Services
Office B035 Office G242
Phone 494-0867 Phone 494-1242
TYPE OF SERVICE REQUESTED:Information Strategy Planning Existing Application EnhancementBusiness Process Analysis and Redesign Existing Application Maintenance (problem fix)New Application Development Not SureOther (please specify _______________________________________________________________________
BRIEF STATEMENT OF PROBLEM, OPPORTUNITY, OR DIRECTIVE (attach additional documentation as necessary)
The information strategy planning group has targeted member services, marketing, and order fulfillment (inclusive ofshipping) for business process redesign and integrated application development. Currently serviced by separateinformation systems, these areas are not well integrated to maximize efficient order services to our members. Thecurrent systems are not adaptable to our rapidly changing products and services. In some cases, separate systemsexist for similar products and services. Some of these systems were inherited through mergers that expanded ourproducts and services. There also exist several marketing opportunities to increase our presence to our members.One example includes Internet commerce services. Finally, the automatic identification system being developed forthe warehouse must fully interoperate with member services.
BRIEF STATEMENT OF EXPECTED SOLUTIONWe envision completely new and streamlined business processes that minimize the response time to member ordersfor products and services. An order shall not be considered fulfilled until it has been received by the member. Thenew system should provide for expanded club and member flexibility and adaptability of basic business products andservices.
We envision a system that extends to the desktop computers of both employees and members, with appropriateshared services provided across the network, consistent with the ISS distributed architecture. This is consistent withstrategic plans to retire the AS/400 central computer and replace it with servers.
ACTION (ISS Office Use Only)
Feasibility assessment approved Assigned to Sandra Shepherd