The Middle Ages

PeriodizationPeriodization

Early Middle Ages: 500 – 1000

High Middle Ages: 1000 – 1250

Late Middle Ages: 1250 - 1500

Europe in the 6cEurope in the 6c

FeudalismFeudalismA political, economic, and social system based on loyalty and military service.

The Medieval Catholic ChurchThe Medieval Catholic Church filled the power vacuum left from the collapse of the classical world. monasticism:

St. Benedict – Benedictine Rule of poverty, chastity, and obedience. provided schools for the children of the upper class. inns, hospitals, refuge in times of war. libraries & scriptoria to copy books and illuminate manuscripts. monks missionaries to the barbarians. [St. Patrick, St. Boniface]

The Power of the Medieval The Power of the Medieval ChurchChurch

bishops and abbots played a large part in the feudal system. the church controlled about 1/3 of the land in Western Europe. tried to curb feudal warfare only 40 days a year for combat. curb heresies crusades; Inquisition tithe 1/10 tax on your assets given to the church. Peter’s Pence 1 penny per person [paid by the peasants].

A Medieval Monk’s DayA Medieval Monk’s Day

A Medieval Monastery: The A Medieval Monastery: The ScriptoriumScriptorium

Illuminated ManuscriptsIlluminated Manuscripts

Romanesque Architectural Romanesque Architectural StyleStyle Rounded Arches.

Barrel vaults. Thick walls. Darker, simplistic interiors. Small windows, usually at the top of the wall.

Charlemagne: 742 to 814Charlemagne: 742 to 814

Charlemagne’s EmpireCharlemagne’s Empire

Pope Crowned CharlemagnePope Crowned CharlemagneHoly Roman Emperor: Dec. Holy Roman Emperor: Dec.

25, 80025, 800

The Carolingian RenaissanceThe Carolingian Renaissance

Carolingian MinisculeCarolingian Miniscule

The Rise of European The Rise of European Monarchies:Monarchies:

England England

Charlemagne’s Empire Charlemagne’s Empire Collapses:Collapses:

Treaty of Verdun, 843Treaty of Verdun, 843

Carcassonne: A Medieval Carcassonne: A Medieval CastleCastle

Parts of a Medieval CastleParts of a Medieval Castle

The Road to KnighthoodThe Road to Knighthood

KNIGHT

SQUIRE

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ChivalryChivalry:: A Code of Honor and A Code of Honor and BehaviorBehavior

The Medieval ManorThe Medieval Manor

Life on the Medieval ManorLife on the Medieval Manor

SerfsSerfs at work at work

Evolution of England’s Evolution of England’s Political SystemPolitical System

Henry I: William’s son. set up a court system. Exchequer dept. of royal finances.

Henry II: established the principle of common law throughout the kingdom. grand jury. trial by jury.

Gothic Architectural StyleGothic Architectural Style

Pointed arches. High, narrow vaults. Thinner walls. Flying buttresses. Elaborate, ornate, airier interiors. Stained-glass windows.

“Flying” Buttresses

Medieval UniversitiesMedieval Universities

Oxford UniversityOxford University

Late Medieval Town DwellingsLate Medieval Town Dwellings

Medieval TradeMedieval Trade

Medieval GuildsMedieval Guilds

Guild Guild HallHall

Commercial Monopoly: Controlled membership apprentice journeyman master craftsman Controlled quality of the product [masterpiece]. Controlled prices

Medieval Guilds: A Medieval Guilds: A Goldsmith’s ShopGoldsmith’s Shop