The Mexican Revolution Lindsey Chmielewski Erin Cue Rachel Shipps.

The Mexican Revolution

Lindsey ChmielewskiErin Cue

Rachel Shipps

Mexican Revolution

ChronologyAftermath - Constitution of 1917“Viva Zapata!”

Pre Revolution (1906-1911)

1876 - Lost presidential election, revolted & seized power. Maderno candidacy & arrestJuly 8, 1910 - Díaz is reelectedOct, 1910 - Plan de San Luis PotosíNov. 20, 1910

Díaz

First Phase (1911-1913)

May 25, 1911 - Díaz resignsOct, 1911 - Madero is elected president

Madero•Nov, 1911 - Plan de Ayala

Zapata

Second Phase (1913-1914)Ten Tragic Days (Feb 9-18)

Rebellion of Bernardo Reyes, Felix Díaz

Feb. 11 - Madero names Huerta commander of Plaza de ArmasFeb. 18 - Huerta betrays MaderoFeb. - Anti-Huerta organizing

Huerta

Third Phase (July 1914 - 1919)

July 1914 - Huerta resignsAug. 20 - Carranza enters Mexico City & assumes executive powerSept. 23 - Villa declares war on CarranzaOct. - ConventionsOct 12 - Nov 12 - Convention of Aguascalientes

Carranza

Third Phase (July 191 4-1919)

Carranza claims Veracruz as capitalNov. 23 - Villa & Zapata occupy Mexico City1915 - Carranza government is recognized by USJan. 11 - Villa executes 15 Americans in assault in San Isabel1916 - Villa raids Columbus, NM & kills 19 Americans

Villa

Third Phase (July 1914-1919)

March 15 - Pershing Punitive ExpeditionJan. 27, 1917 - Withdrawal of ExpeditionJan. 31 - Mexican ConstitutionMarch 11 - Carranza elected presidentApril 10, 1919 - Zapata is assassinated

Pershing

Fourth Phase (1920)June 1 - Obregón declares candidacyApril 2 - Carranza calls Obregón to Mexico CityApril 20 - Obregón declares rebellion against CarranzaMay 21 - Carranza is assassinatedSept. 5 - Obregón elected president

July 20, 1923 - Villa is assassinated

Obregón

Constitutional Congress--Querétaro

Members of Congress had many revolutionary political and social ideasTheir views ranged from moderate to very radical.The Constitution of 1917 was more radical than Carranza’s initial proposals.Signed Jan 31, 1917 and published Feb 5.

The Constitution of 1917 - Jorge González Camarena

Constitution of 1917First Revolutionary ConstitutionAttempted to limit the power of the Catholic Church, foreign and national estate owners, and industrialistsContained many articles that would go on to shape labor laws, but was not anti-capitalistEstablished ejidos--communal land holdings

Individual Guarantees

Article 3• Primary education is obligatory

and free.• Separation of religion and

education so as to guarantee religious freedom.

Article 27--LandOwnership of land and waters belongs primarily to the nationTransfer of direct control and privatization of property is subject to public interest.Authorized the expropriation of large estates.Subsoil rights are the exclusive domain of the nation (i.e. oil, mining)Specified conditions for foreign ownership of landExcluded the Church from owning property.

Article 123--Labor and Social Security Right to organize in trade unions

granted as a social guarantee (first inclusion of such a law in the constitution of any country).

Right to strike. Limits work hours, established a

day of rest per week Equal pay for equal work,

compensation for work-related injuries, and hygienic working conditions

Sets limitations on work for women and children

REALITY under the new Constitution

Following Obregón’s election (1920), state building beginsMuch of the promised change found in the Constitution is not implementedRevolutionary banditry becomes a more direct way to “take from the rich, give to the poor” without the government bureaucracy

“Viva Zapata!” (1952)Directed by Elia Kazan; screenplay by John Steinbeck; starring Marlon Brando and Anthony Quinn (best supporting actor)Unique among American movies set at the time of the Revolution; most used the conflict as backdrop for Westerns Mainly true to the events of Zapata’s life, and placed appropriate emphasis on land as his priorityGovernmental turmoil, open-ended warfare and disillusionment represented Storyline romanticized

Referenceshttp://zedilloworld.presidencia.gob.mx/PAGES/culture/note_5feb.htmlhttp://www.elbalero.gob.mx/kids/history/html/rev/constitu.htmlhttp://www.ilstu.edu/class/hist263/docs/1917const.htmlhttp://www.mexconnect.com/mex_travel/acogan/acbkzapata.htmlhttp://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/VivaZapata-1022925/about.php.html