The man who invented bioethics. January 18, 1895 – October 1, 1953 parents: Gustav Maximilian Jahr (1865-1930), insurance official, married in 1892 to.

The man who “invented” bioethics

January 18, 1895 – October 1, 1953 parents:Gustav Maximilian Jahr (1865-1930), insurance official, married

in 1892 toAugusta Maria Langrast (?) (1862 – 1921)

Paul Max Fritz Jahr

Halle an der Saale, the Sachsen-Anhalt region

population 234,000 within cca 150 km: Magdeburg, Leipzig, Wittenberg, Gotha, Erfurt, Weimar, Jena,

Bayreuth, Dresden, Chemnitz, Berlin, Göttingen... seat of the state/province until its abolition in Eastern Germany in 1952; after the

restauration of states/provinces in the united Germany, Magdeburg becomes the seat

first mention of the city in 806 (a possible root: the pre-Germanic word Halle meaning salt)

university since 1694 (today: Martin Luther University at Halle-Wittenberg)

The seat of German national academy of sciences (Leopoldina) originating from Halle: Georg Friedrich Händel, Hans-Dietrich

Genscher etc.

1901: Mittelschule of the Francke Foundation; 1905: Oberrealschule of the Francke Foundation;

Easter 1914: taking A-levels (Abitur); 1915: additional exam of Latin and Greek; study (all together 8 semesters):

1914: philosophy, music, history, national economy

1915-1919: mostly theology (first exam in 1919, the second in 1921);

War volonteer: Summer term 1915 taking holy orders: March 19, 1921

Schooling

teacher: 1917 – private school; 1917 – pre-school (Vorschule) and Mittelschule of the Francke Foundation;

1920 – the elementary-school teacher’s exam (Mittelschullehrerprüfung; religion and history);

1921 – entering the city service (Wittekindschule (?), as a replacement for the future rector, Bonin);

1923 – 1925: teacher by the Halle Public Schools Administration; May 2, 1925 – leaving public school system due to “discord with the then

Education Committee” (1917 – 1925: worked at 11 different schools); Summer 1926: Francke Foundation elementary school; 1926 – 1928: the Seydlitz high school for girls (left as “he did not believe the

private schooling system would give him long-term satisfaction”); 1938: briefly as a replacement at the Huttenschule; 1943 – 1945: cello teacher at the National Education Centre Music School

(Musikschule der Volksbildungsstätte)

Career

1925 – 1929: curate at St. John’s church in Dieskau (Halle);

1929 – 1930: curate in Braunsdorf;

1930 – 1933: pastor in Canena/Kanena

wedding: April 26, 1932 in Halle

wife: Elise Neuholz (born December 31, 1899, »a worker from Bludau «(?), father: Franz Hermann Neuholz, teacher, (1867-1903), (grandfather: Friedrich Ferdinand Neuholz, farmer, 1822-1909)

children: none address: Halle, Albert

Schmidtstrasse 8 retired: March 1, 1933 (in

1932, a communication on leaving the church service after his own wish – »nervous exhaustion«)

June 18, 1945: trying to get a job at the new elementary school

died: October 1, 1953 in Halle

Personal life

Fritz Jahr’s publications (1927-1938)

1. ”Bio-Ethik: eine Umschau über die ethischen Beziehungen des Menschen zu Tier und Pflanze” [Bio-ethics: a panorama of ethical relations of man toward the animal and the plant] (Kosmos, 1927;

2. ”Der Tod und die Tiere: eine Betrachtung über das 5. Gebot” [Death and animals: a consideration of the 5th Commandment] (Mut und Kraft, 1928);

3. ”Tierschutz und Ethik in ihren Beziehungen zueinander” [Animal protection and ethics in their relation to each other] (Ethik: Sexual- und Gesellschaftsethik, 1928;

4. ”Soziale und sexuelle Ethik in der Tageszeitung” [Social and sexual ethics in daily press] (Ethik: Sexual- und Gesellschaftsethik, 1928;5. ”Wege zum sexualen Ethos” [Ways toward sexual ethos] (Ethik: Sexual- und Gesellschaftsethik, 1928;6. ”Zwei ethische Probleme in ihrem Gegensatz und in ihrer Vereinigung im sozialen Leben” [Two ethical problems in their opposition and in their

unification in social life] (Ethik: Sexual- und Gesellschaftsethik, 1929;7. ”Gesinnungsdiktatur oder Gedenkfreiheit? Gedanken über eine liberale Gestaltung des Gesinnungsunterrichts” [Dictatorship of worldviews or

the freedom of thought? Considerations on the liberal structuring of teaching the attitudes] (Die neue Erziehung, 1930);8. ”Unser Zweifel an Gott: subjektive Gedanken beim Thema eines Anderen” [Our doubt in God: subjective reflexions upon the topic of an Other]

(Ethik: Sexual- und Gesellschaftsethik, 1933);9. ”Vom Leben nach dem Tode: aus J. A. Comenius ’Didactica magna’” [On life after death: from ’Didactica magna’ by J. A. Comenius] (Ethik: Sexual-

und Gesellschaftsethik, 1933);10. ”Gedanken über die liberale Gestaltung des Gesinnungunterrichts” [Thoughts on the liberal formation of teaching of worldview] (Die neue

Erziehung, 1933)11. ”Drei Studien zum 5. Gebot” [Three studies to the 5th Commandment] (Ethik: Sexual- und Gesellschaftsethik, 1934);12. ”Jenseitsglaube und Ethik im Christentum: eine nachösterliche Betrachtung” [Believing in the other world and ethics in Christendom: a post-

Easter consideration] (Ethik: Sexual- und Gesellschaftsethik, 1934.);13. ”Die sittlich-soziale Bedeutung des Sonntags” [The customary-social importance of Sunday] (Ethik: Sexual- und Gesellschaftsethik, 1934.);14. ”Zweifel an Jesus: eine Betrachtung nach Richard Wagners ’Parsifal’” [The doubt in Jesus: a consideration after Richard Wagner’s ’Parsifal’] (Ethik:

Sexual- und Gesellschaftsethik, 1934.);15. ”Ethische Betrachtungen zu innerkirchlichen Glaubenskämpfen” [Ethical considerations to internal ecclesiastic struggles over faith] (Ethik: Sexual-

und Gesellschaftsethik, 1935.);16. ”Glaube und Werke in ihrem Gegesatz und in ihrer Vereinigung” [Faith and deeds in their opposition and their unification] (Ethik: Sexual- und

Gesellschaftsethik, 1935.);17. ”Drei Abschnitte des Lebens: eine Betrachtung nach II. Korinther 5, 1-10 und nach dem Apostolischen Glaubensbekenntnis” [Three segments of

life: a consideration after 2 Corinthians 5:1-10 and after the Apostles’ Creed] (Nach dem Gesetz und Zeugnis, 1938);18. the article of Fritz Jahr from 1947, mentioned in Internet quotes, speaking of the origin of Sunday feast.

Fritz Jahr

Rolf Löther (1997/1998)

E.-M. Engels (2001/2004)

J.-R. Goldim (2006/2009)

W. Reich (cca 2003)

I. Šegota (cca 2004)

H.-M. Sass (2007–) F. Lolas

Stepke

N. Lima

Croatian bioethicists

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