The Louisiana Purchase Chapter 9 Section 2 p. 314
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The Louisiana PurchaseChapter 9 Section 2
p. 314
Section Focus Question:What was the importance of the purchase and exploration of the
Louisiana Territory?
The Nation Looks West● In the 1800s, the settlers started heading West
● More than 1 Million people lived between the Appalachian Mountains
and the Mississippi River
○ Where were they living before this?
● Most of the settlers were farmers
○ Why?
○ How did they make money?
● The Pinckney Treaty negotiation guaranteed the Americans’ right to ship
their goods down the Mississippi River to New Orleans
The Nation Looks West● In 1801, Jefferson discovered that he and his people had been lied to.
● Spain had secretly given New Orleans and the rest of its Louisiana
Territory to France
● This worried Jefferson because he was afraid France was trying to become
the dominant power in America
○ France’s leader was Napoleon Bonaparte
○ This could block westward expansion for the U.S.
Checkpoint Question:
What important right did the U.S. gain with the Pinckney Treaty of 1795?
Buying Louisiana● In 1802, the Spanish governor of Louisiana withdrew the right of
Americans to ship their goods through New Orleans
● The Americans that lived out west wanted to go to War to win it back,
but Jefferson decided there was a better approach
● Jefferson wanted to buy New Orleans from the French and also a territory
to its east named West Florida
● When James Monroe and Robert Livingston arrived in Paris, they found
turmoil
Buying Louisiana● The French had lost position and control of Haiti, therefore would have
trouble defending Louisiana in the event of war.
● France and Britain were also at odds and France needed financial support
to fight their war
● As a result, France offered to sell not only New Orleans, but the entire
Louisiana Territory to the U.S.
Buying Louisiana● This was a HUGE bargain for the U.S.
● The area almost doubled the size of the current United States land, and
provided millions of acres of fertile farmland and natural resources
● This also gave the U.S. control of the Mississippi River
● Jefferson was nervous once he made the purchase citing that nowhere in
the Constitution does it allow power to the President to purchase land
● In the end, he decided he did have the power to make treaties and
therefore could buy the land. The Senate approved the land and Congress
voted to pay for it
1. How did most American farmers get their crops to market?
2. What effect do you think Spain’s closing of the port of New
Orleans had on the American economy?
● They shipped the goods to New Orleans down the Mississippi River
● Decline in economy because farmers could not make as much money, therefore
would have less money to buy other goods and services in the U.S.
3. What did the American ambassadors intend to do in France?
4. Why did Jefferson hesitate to approve the purchase of the land?
● They intended to negotiate a deal for the purchase of New Orleans
● He knew the Constitution did not specifically grant the President the right to
purchase land from foreign powers.
Lewis and Clark Explore the West● In 1803, even before the the U.S. bought Louisiana, Jefferson sent a team
out on an expedition to explore the West.
● An expedition is a long and carefully organized journey
● Jefferson chose army captain Meriwether Lewis to lead and Lewis chose
William Clark (also an army officer) as his co-leader
● The men were to report back on several items:
● Geography
● Plants/Animals
● Other Natural Resources
Lewis and Clark Explore the West● Other Goals:
● They left on their expedition in Spring 1804 with 3 boats, tons of supplies
and about 40 men
● In late October 1804, Lewis and Clark joined camp with a French
Canadian trader and his wife named Sacagawea
● She would become their translator for the remainder of the journey
● Make contact with Native Americans who lived in territory
● See if a waterway existed between Mississippi River and
Pacific Ocean
● This was in current day North Dakota
Lewis and Clark Explore the West● By Summer of 1805, they reached modern day Montana and began to
climb the Rocky Mountains
● By August, they had reached the Continental Divide
● The Continental Divide is is the place on a continent that separates river
systems flowing in opposite directions
● Once they crossed the Rocky Mountains, they ran into the Columbia
River
● Lewis and Clark were disappointed that they did not find a river that led
to the Pacific Ocean
Lewis and Clark Explore the West● Finally, in November of 1805, they arrived at the Pacific Ocean
● They began their journey home in March of 1806 and it took them half a
year to return to St. Louis
1. What were the goals of the Lewis and Clark expedition?
They were to report on the geography and natural resources, establish an
American claim to the land west of the Rocky Mountains, and to make
contact with Native Americans of the region.
2. Map Master Skills Activity (p. 316)
Pike’s Expedition● While Lewis and Clark were on their way home, other Americans began
to explore
● Zebulon Pike was one of the explorers that set out to see the southern
part of the Louisiana Territory
● He then started an expedition to the Rocky
Mountains
● This is how we get the location today
known as Pike’s Peak
Homework● Create a timeline of events from this section
○ The years must be between 1801 and 1807
○ Must have at least 6 entries
○ Be as specific as possible.
■ Use Year
■ Use Month/Season if documented
● Write a journal entry
○ Pretend you are on the journey with Lewis and Clark
○ Accurately date the entry
○ Be very descriptive about what you see, hear, feel. Etc…
○ ½ page in length
Do this on the same sheet of paper
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