THE LIFE-BOAT....230THE LIFE-BOAT[IsT AUGUST. 1918, . has done magnificen wor fok nearlrt a !y hundred years now , an d I am sure that in the near future as, ha bees n wel bl saiy

THE LIFE-BOAT.The Journal of the Royal National Life-Boat Institution.

VOL. XXIII.—No. 265.] 1ST AUGUST, 1918. [PRICE 3d.

Annual Meeting.THE ninety-fourth Annual GeneralMeeting of the ROYAL NATIONAL LIFE-BOAT INSTITUTION was held at CaxtonHall, Westminster, on Friday, 26thApril, 1918, at 3 P.M. The Right Hon.H. H. Asquith, KG., M.P., presided,and amongst those present were:—The Earl Waldegrave, P.O. (Chairmanof the Committee of Management), theCountess Waldegrave, Sir GodfreyBaring, Bart., M.P., V.P. (DeputyChairman of the Committee of Manage-ment), Mrs. Asquith, Sir Edward Coates,Bart., M.P., Mr. F. Cavendish Bentinck,Mr. Robert Birkbeck, the Hon. GeorgeColville, Sir Robert Edgcumbe, Mr.Henry R. Fargus, Sir Johnston Forbes-Sebertson, Maj. - Gen. Sir ColeridgeGrove, K.C.B., the Earl of Hardwicke,Sir Woodburn Kirby, Commander SirHarry Main waring, Bart., R.N.V.R.,Mr. H. F. Lancashire, Sir RobertPenrose FitzGerald, Bart., Lady Pen-rose FitzGerald, Sir Herbert Perrott,Bart., C.B., Capt. Robert Pitman,C.M.G., R.N., Engineer Rear-AdmiralCharles Rudd, Rear-Admiral Hector B.Stewart, Commander Francis Fitz-Patrick Tower, R.N. V.R., Mr. HavelockWilson, Mr. George F. Shee, M.A.(Secretary), Commander Thomas Holmes,R.N. (Chief Inspector of Life-boats),and Mr. P. W. Gidney (AssistantSecretary).

LORD WALDEOBAVE: Before Mr. Asquithopens the ordinary proceedings of our AnnualMeeting I have to make an announcementwhich I think will give great satisfaction toeveryone connected with THE ROYALNATIONAL LIFE-BOAT INSTITUTION, and thatis that I have the permission of His RoyalHighness the Prince of Wales to state thathe has consented to become the Presidentof the Institution after the conclusionof the war. His Royal Highness feels thatwhile he is on active service abroad hewould be unable to give any attentionto the affairs of the Institution, so he pre-fers not to assume the office of Presidentof the Institution at present. I trust that it

will not be long before he will be able to doso. His Royal Highness follows in the foot-steps of his father and grandfather, who bothserved as Presidents of the Institution, andgives us another proof of the deep interestwhich the Royal family have always shownin the work of the Life-boats.

The CHAIRMAN : The Secretary will read aletter from Lord French.

The SECRETARY :MY LORD,

It is with extreme regret that I findmyself forced by pressure of official dutiesto cancel my engagement to be presentat the Annual Meeting of THE ROYALNATIONAL -LIFE-BOAT INSTITUTION on the26th, when I was to propose a Resolutionexpressing the high appreciation of themeeting of the splendid services of thecoxswains and crews of the Institution, andof the valuable help rendered by its localCommittees and their workers throughoutthe United Kingdom. My regret is increasedby the fact that I shd 4d have regarded itas a privilege to pay a personal tribute to theheroes whose humane services and achieve-ments form a splendid page in our nationalannals. As Commander-in-Chief of the HomeForces, it has been a source of great satisfac-tion to me to learn from time to time thatthe men of the different battalions stationedon the coast have been able to give valuablehelp in launching life-boats in circumstancesof special difficulty, and I can assure you, onbehalf of the Army, that such help has beengiven with the utmost readiness to men whosecourage, endurance and humanity have becomeproverbial. They possess in the highest degreeprecisely those qualities which will ensure usvictory and an enduring peace. I have thehonour to be, my Lord,

Your obedient servant,FRENCH,

Field-Marshal, Commanding-in-Chief.

The CHAIRMAN: The Annual Report hasbeen circulated, and I believe can be takenas read.

The CHAIRMAN: My Lords, ladies andgentlemen, my friend and colleague, SirGodfrey Baring, asked me some months agoto take the chair at your Annual Meeting,and, subject to other exigencies, I had verygreat pleasure in complying with his invita-tion, and I am glad to find that nothing hasprevented the fulfilment of that engagement.

L 2

224 THE LIFE-BOAT. [Isr AUGUST, 1918.

We have all listened with very great gratifica-tion to the announcement that has beenmade by Lord Waldegrave, that His BoyalHighness the Prince of Wales has consented,when the war comes to an end, to take theplace of the President of your Institution.As Lord Waldegrave has said, he has anhereditary interest in the post which hasbeen already held both by his father, ourpresent King, and by his grandfather, KingEdward VII.; and, ladies and gentlemen, Ithink it is fitting and appropriate that theGrown and the representatives of the BoyalFamily should show, as they always haveshown since its first beginnings, their interestin this Society, which calls itself THE ROYALNATIONAL LIFE-BOAT INSTITUTION ; and Ithink it may claim the terifi "National" aspart of its title by as good a right as probablyany other society in the country, for itpresents in its origin, in its operations, andin its methods, some of the most characteristicof our national qualities and habits. It hasexisted, I think, for very nearly a hundred years,and during the whole of that time, althoughit now administers an expenditure of some-thing like £100,000 a year, so far as I amaware it has never received a half-pennyof subsidy from the State. It has been anorganisation purely voluntary in its character,and very wisely, if I may say so, acting byco-operation between a central body here andlocal branches in all parts of the country, whobring local knowledge and local experience tobear on the work. It has been a voluntarilyorganised Association for the saving of lifefrom our shores. During that century, ornearly a century of its existence, it has bythese voluntary efforts and energies encircledthe coasts of these islands with Life-boatStations and their necessary equipment.Still more remarkable (for the Stations andthe Life-boats would be nothing withoutthe men) is the fact that it has enlistedand keeps in existence and in activity avoluntary army of coxswains and crews,whose function is not to destroy but to savelife. I do not suppose that in the annals ofany army, or even of our own illustriousNavy, you would find a more splendid exampleboth of corporate discipline and of individualheroism than amongst those who commandand man our Life-boats. Even in those greatforces of which we are so proud, now fightingfor humanity, and the daily fortunes of whosestruggles we follow with such strained andsympathetic interest—even there, as theythemselves would be the first to acknowledge,they are only practising in other fields, andwith the eyes of the world fixed upon them,the same qualities which these inconspicuousheroes, under conditions as strenuous, asarduous and as testing as can be conceived,are exhibiting year by year, in the saving oflife on our coasts.

I see from the Report which we areadopting, that since the foundation of thisInstitution, I think in the year 1824, it hasbeen instrumental in saving no less than56,000 lives; and at the end of last year, theyear 1917, it had at its disposal and under its

control a fleet of 261 Life-boats, of which 19were motor Life-boats. I note that in passing,because I shall have a word to say about it ina moment. In this last year, the year 1917,the number of lives saved by Life-boatshas been 1,156, and 192 by shore boats, or atotal of 1,348. That is an actual record in thehistory of the Institution. Well, we in thesedays look upon all; our institutions andactivities naturally and necessarily in thelight of the war, and from that point of viewTHB KOYAL NATIONAL LIFE-BOAT INSTITUTIONis playing a most honourable and a mosteffective part. Since the outbreak of thewar to the 31st December, 1917, the totalnumber of lives rescued has been. 4,180, andincluded in that figure the lives rescued fromwar casualties are 1,372. Up to the same datenearly 150 vessels and boats (this is not lives;they are measured by a different calculus)have been saved, a fact which, as I need notpoint out to you, is of most material valuefrom the point of view of the transport of ourfood supplies and our raw material. It iasatisfactory to note that although since thewar 4 Life-boats have been wrecked, in theyear 1917 there was no loss of life among theLife-boat crews, a fact which speaks volumesfor the discipline and the intelligence withwhich their operations have been conducted.During the winter months of the last yeai andthe present year the Life-boats have been con-stantly launched to the succour of vessels minedor torpedoed, and I do not suppose there hasever been a time in our history when theprovisions made by this Institution, both inmaterial and in men, have been of more vitalvalue to the country as a whole. In thatconnexion (I referred a moment or two ago tothe growing use of motor Life-boats) it isimportant to remember the special difficultiesto which the Institution has been exposed bythe abnormal conditions of the last two orthree years. Those conditions have operatedin two distinct ways. In the first place it hasbeen increasingly difficult to keep up and toincrease the supply of motor Life-boats. Aswe all know, the most vital call upon theman-power of the country at t>*~ moment (ithas been true now for eighteen months) is forthe purposes of shipbuilding, not only for theNavy, but for making good the losses causedby the submarine and mine warfare amongour mercantile marine, and of necessity eventhose who like this Institution are preferringclaims (in our case for the construction ofmotor Life-boats) which would have beenrecognised under normal conditions as ofprior urgency and even necessity, have had tosome extent to postpone and defer them forthe larger national claims. I believe, iromwhat I read in the Report, that that, which is,after all, as we hope, a very temporary conditionof things, is being provided for at the momentat any rate by pressing into the service motor-boats which, though not Life-boats in the fulland complete sense of the term, are yet

i available at least as ancillary and auxiliaryforces for the saving of life.

Now there is another, a second, and perhapsin some ways a still more important difficulty

IST AUGUST, 1918.] THE LIFE-BOAT. 225

with which the work of the Institution has hadto contend, and that is the draining away, underthe national call, of the men who under normalconditions would have manned and equippedand in some "--les commanded the Life-boats.They have Bad to go into other forms ofservice, some into the Navy, some into theMercantile Marine, and some into trawlers anddrifters and other classes of small craft whichwe know, from what we have been reading thelast few days, played such a magnificent partin our naval operations. I am told that thewithdrawal of the younger members of thecrews of the Life-boats have been upon solarge a scale that the average age of the crewsis now well over 50, while the work whichthey have to perform is more strenuous, morearduous, and more unremitting than at anyprevious time in the history of this Insti-tution.

Well, ladies and gentlemen, these are factswhich speak for themselves ; they do not re-quire to be adorned or embroidered withrhetoric. Even among the innumerable andsometimes competitive claims which thevarious exigencies of the war have advancedand pressed forward upon the charity andpublic spirit of the country, I venture to saythat the claim of THE NATIONAL LIFE-BOATINSTITUTION ought not to be forgotten. Bothdirectly and indirectly, looking at matters aswe necessarily have to do in these days fromthe point of view of the war alone, the main-tenance of the full efficiency both of its fleetand of its crews is a matter of vital necessityto the country. The cost of a motor Life-boatis, I think, £5,000—prices have risen—and inorder not only to provide such a boat, butwhat is equally important, to safeguard itsfuture in the shape of a permanent endow-ment, the cost now amounts to over £11,000.Well, I daresay some of you lately have beenreading the Budget with varied feelings ofinterest and apprehension, but when youcome to deal with or to consider the stu-pendous figures which our National expendi-ture has now reached, when you reflect that,as we were told in the House of Commons lastnight, the annual expenditure of the Ministryof Munitions alone is over £600,000,000, a sumwhich very nearly equals the total capital ofthe whole national debt at the outbreak of thewar, these comparatively modest claims of£5,000, £10,000 or £11,000 ought not to passunheeded. It is very difficult to make upone's mind which among the many rivalappeals to charity, philanthropy, and publicspirit ought to take the first place, and I donot profess to be able to assign in any degreepriority among them. But of this I amcertain—that those who have money to spare,and the will to spend it in the manner theythink best fitted to promote the commoninterest of the country and of the war, willrealise that the claims of this Institutionought to take a very high place. I commencedby assuming the Report to have been adopted,and I now call on the Secretary to read thenames of those who are to be elected to office,and (an equally interesting feature in ourproceedings) the records of the deeds by which

the medals that are going to be awarded havebeen won.

The SECBETABY read the nominations.

President.His Grace the Duke of Northumberland, K.G.

Vice-Presidents.His Grace the Archbishop of Canterbury,

G.C.V.O.His Grace the Duke of Leeds.His Grace the Duke of Portland, E.G.,

G.C.V.O.The Most Hon. the Marquis of Ailsa.The Eight Hon. the Earl of Derby, K.G.,

G.C.B., G.C.V.O.The Right Hon. the Earl of Bosebery, K.G.,

K.T.The Right Hon. the Earl Waldegrave, P.O.The Right Hon. the Earl of Plymouth, P.O.,

C.B.Admiral the Right Hon. the Lord Beresford,

G.O.B., G.C.V.O., G.B.E.The Right Hon. the Lord Strathclyde, P.O.,

LL.D.Sir Robert Uniacke Penrose PitzGerald, Bart.Sir Godfrey Baring, Bart., M.P.Robert Birkbeck, Esq.

Treasurer.The Right Hon. the Earl of Harrowby

Committee of Management.The President.The Vice-Presidents.The Treasurer.The Right Hon. the Earl Waldegrave, P.O.,

V.P., Chairman.Sir Godfrey Baring, Bart., M.P., V.P.,Deputy-

Ohairman.The Right Hon. the Lord Airedale.The Right Hon. the Earl of Albemarle,

K.C.V.O., C.B., A.D.C.Frederick Cavendish Bentinck, Esq.Captain Charles J. P. Cave.Kenneth M. Clark, Esq.Harold D. Clayton, Esq.Major Sir Edward Feetham Coates, Bart.,

M.P.The Hon. George Colville.Sir William Corry, Bart.Colonel William Elliot, C.B.Henry R. Fargus, Esq.John Bevill Fortescue, Esq.Major-General Sir Coleridge Grove, K.O.B.The Right Hon. the Viscount Hambleden.The Right Hon. the Earl of Hardwicke.Harry Hargood, Esq.Admiral the Right Hon. the Viscount Jelliooe• of Scapa, G.C.B., O.M., G.C.V.O.Vice-Admiral Sir Colin Keppel, K.C.I.E.,

K.O.V.O., C.B., D.S.O.Sir Woodburn Kirby.Brigadier-General Noel M. Lake, C.B.Herbert F. Lancashire, Esq.Charles Livingston, Esq.Commander Sir Harry Mainwaring, Bart.,

R.N.V.R.Admiral of the Fleet Sir Gerard H. U. Noel,

G.C.B., K.O.M.G.Captain Robert Pitman, C.M.G., R.N.

226 THE LIFE-BOAT. [1ST AUGUST, 1918.

Captain George B. Preston.Vice-Admiral Reginald Charles Prothero,

M.V.O., C.B.Sir Boverton Redwood, Bart., F.B.S.Engineer Bear-Admiral Charles Rudd.The Right Hon. Walter Bunoiman, M.P.Brigadier-General the Bight Hon. John E.

Bernard Seely, C.B., C.M.G., D.S.O., M.P.Bear-Admiral Hector B. Stewart.The Bight Hon. the Lord Sydenham, G.C.S.I.,

G.C.M.G., G.C.I.E., G.B'E., P.B.S.The Admiral Commanding Coast Guard and

Beserves (Vice-Admiral Sir Cecil P. Thursby,K.C.M.G.).

The Deputy Master of the Trinity House(Captain Sir Herbert Acton Blake, K.C.V.O.).

The Hydrographer of the Admiralty (Bear-Admiral John P. Parry, B.N.).

Alfred G. Topham, Esq.Commander Francis Fitzpatrick Tower,

B.N.V.B.Sir Philip Watts, K.C.B., P.B.S.Commodore Sir Bichard Henry Williams-

Bulkeley, Bart., B.N.B.

Auditors.Messrs. Price, Waterhouse & Co.

The CHAIBMAN : I presume that all thosenames will be approved. There is one inparticular which I noticed, as the Secretaryread them, and which, I am sure, will receive aspecial measure of approval, because I believeit appears for the first time on the list, andthat is the name of Lord Jellicoe, to whomthis country is under as great a debt of grati-tude as to any other living man.

(The presentation of medals then took place.)

The Silver Medal of the Institution wasawarded to JAMES GILL, and the BronzeMedal of the Institution to B. J. TBEBILCOCK,the Coxswain and Second Coxswain of theNewquay (Cornwall) Life-boat in the follow-ing circumstances:—

On the 17th December last a strong N.E.gale was blowing, with a heavy sea, and asteamer named the Osten, of Denmark, wasobserved drifting in a helpless condition.The weather had been wild throughout theprevious night and the regular Coxswain ofthe Life-boat, who had recently beenappointed, was of opinion that it would beimpossible to launch the Life-boat as thegale was dead on to the slipway, one of thesteepest on the coast. The ex-Coxswain ofthe boat, James Gill, however, appeared onthe scene when the question of launching theboat was under discussion, and stated that hehad been out in worse weather and offered totake charge of the boat on this occasion.Everything was at once prepared and theboat was lowered down the slipway. As sheentered the water, and before she could gatherway, she was struck by a sea and thrownon her beam ends. The boat at once rightedherself, but a succession of heavy seas over-powered her, and she drifted into a positionunder the cliff. Before the crew could doanything to help themselves the boat wasdashed on to the rooks and smashed to pieces.

Fortunately, the men were able to get a ropeto the shore and the onlookers rushed to theirassistance, and all the men were landed ina very exhausted condition. They had hada very narrow escape of losing their lives, andsome of them being severely injured; buthappily they all recovered from their verytrying experience, although some of themwere laid up for weeks.

In this case the regular Coxswain hesitatedto put to sea, but the ex-Coxswain felt thatthe men on board the vessel required help,,and, regardless of the danger run, he set anexample of self-sacrifice which nearly costhim his life. In appreciation of his gallantry,the Committee have awarded him the SilverMedal of the Institution, and have also givento B. J. Trebilcock, the second Coxswain,who nobly seconded Gill's efforts, the BronzeMedal of the Institution. Trebilcock hasalso been promoted Coxswain on recognitionof his action on this occasion.

The Silver Third Service Clasp was awardedto GEOBQE J. GBIGSON, Coxswain of theClacton Life-boat, and the Bronze Medal toJESSE SALMON, the Second Coxswain, for thefollowing service:—

On the 27th-28th December, shortlybefore midnight, the Swedish Steamer Iris,whilst bound from Gothenburg to Boueu,stranded on the Longsand, and the AlbertEdward promptly proceeded to her assistance.The weather was bitterly cold with snowsqualls, with a very rough sea, and the windwas blowing a strong gale to the East. Thevessel was found to have 11 feet of water inthe engine room, and there was very littlehope of her being got off the sands. TheMaster of the vessel, however, declined toleave his vessel, but during the day theweather became worse until the seas werewashing the vessel fore and aft. The Masterthen reluctantly decided to leave the wreck.The work of rescue was effected with greatdifficulty and danger, the crew of theunfortunate vessel being obliged to jump intothe Life-boat as opportunity offered. Clactonwas not reached until 11.30 P.M., and, by thattime, the whole of the crew were numbedfrom their 24 hours' exposure in the icy coldweather.

The Silver Medal was awarded to CoxswainWILLIAM HAMMOND, of the Walton Life-boat,and the Bronze Medal to Second CoxswainJOHN 0. BYFOBD, in recognition of a-splendid service performed' in rescuing 92persons from the S.S. Peregrine, which alsostranded on the Longsand. The Boat wascalled out at 10.30 P.M. on the 29th December,the weather being very much the same as itwas in the Clacton case. When the Life-boatreached the vessel heavy seas were breakingover her, and six attempts were made beforethe Life-boat succeeded in getting alongside.All the boats had been washed away from thesteamer with the exception, of one, and thisone the men on board were unable to lowerinto the sea. Without loss of time the wholeof the passengers, 59 in number, who weremostly women and children, were taken into


the Life-boat, together with one of the crew,and conveyed to a Patrol Vessel which hadcome out to the vessel's assistance, but couldnot get near her on account of the dangeroussands. The operation was a most difficult oneowing to the heavy seas and the intensedarkness, but thanks to the skilful mannerin which the Life-boat was handled, the workwas accomplished without mishap. The Life-boat at once returned to the steamer, whichin the meanwhile had parted amidships andbecome a total wreck, and as soon as it waspossible the remainder of persons on board—•32 in number, were saved. During this finepiece of rescue work the Life-boat was severelydamaged.

In addition to letters expressing the grati-tude of the Owners and the Captain of thevessel, an expression of appreciation wasreceived from the Lords Commissioners of theAdmiralty, who wrote stating they consideredthat great credit was due to the Life-boatmenfor their gallant and successful work.

SIB EDWABD GOATES: Mr. Chairman, mylords, ladies and gentlemen, I have thehonour to propose the following resolutionwhich should have been proposed by LordFrench, but you have heard from the Chair-man the reasons why he is unable to attendthis afternoon. " That this Meeting, fullyrecognising the important services of THEROYAL NATIONAL LIFE-BOAT INSTITUTION inits national work of Life-saving, desires torecord its hearty appreciation of the gallantryof the Coxswains and Crews of the Institution'sLife-boats, and gratefully to acknowledge thevaluable help rendered to the cause by theLocal Committees, Honorafy Secretaries,Honorary Treasurers, and Ladies' Auxiliaries,"to which I should like to add the Staff of theLife-Boat Institution here in London. Well,my lords, ladies and gentlemen, I think thatthe resolution which I have the honour topropose is really a fitting framework to thevery simple picture which we have justwitnessed when the Chairman presentedmedals to these courageous and dauntlessseamen. But, after all, the ceremony itselfwas a simple one, and, simple as it was, it wasa real symbol of the simplicity and unaffectedcourage with which these men take theirlives in their hands and go out to sea to rescuethose who are in peril. I think that so far asthey are concerned they only want three orfour words. " Man the Life-boat " is enoughfor them. Be the weather fair or be it foul,sunshine or rain, whatever it may be, theythrow that aside; they take to their boats andthey battle with the elements in order thatthey may save the lives of those at sea.

Now we are an Institution for saving life,and we must all recognise that if we want tosave life.life must be risked to do it; and we callupon these brave men to risk their lives, andthey do risk their lives in order that they maysave the lives of others. Now this we areproud as an Institution to know has beenthe tradition for nearly a hundred years, andever since this Institution was started wehave been always ready, always mobilised, in

peace or war at a moment's notice to take tosea to save life. There has been no preparationrequired. We have always been ready, and,as your Chairman said, dotted about ourcoasts we have these 261 Life-boats, each ofthose boats having its crew. But during thewar, owing to the exigencies and requirementsof our men to join the Navy and the mine-sweepers and other vocations necessary for thewar, we have been obliged in some places toclose the Life-boat stations. We have not hadthe men to man the Life-boat, and you canimagine the difficulty and anxiety which theCommittees in the neighbourhood have hadto undergo, knowing that possibly the Life-boat might be required, and that the menwere not there to man her. Now, in theReport (I do not know whether it came beforethe Meeting last year) I have read a verymarvellous and courageous act by the GromerLife-boat in rescuing valuable lives from thePyrin and the Fernebo. Though some of youmay have heard of it, some may not. It issuch a gallant deed that I would like to repeatit. These men (and our Chairman has spokenwith regard to the average age of our men),over the age oi 50, were called out in a greatheavy north-east gale to go to a little shipwhich had stranded. Well, after a great dealof trouble they reached the ship, and theysaved 16 lives; and as they rowed homeanother ship driving ashore in the neighbour-hood ran on a mine and was blown, not topieces, but in halves. The Life-boat crewlanded their 16 men, and then they put outagain in this raging sea, and they rowedtowards the ship. They tried for an hour ormore to reach her, but they could not do so;exhausted, they came back again. They triedagain to reach her, and, exhausted, they cameback again. The third time the same mentried again. This time they rowed to theship, and they saved every soul on board.Well now, that is my idea of real pluck, andit is the pluck which we now read of day byday in that khaki line in Prance and Flanders.What are they doing but manning the life-boat? They are manning the life-boat tosave the ship of State which has as its cargothe honour of this country and the freedomof the world; and those men fighting there areblood-brothers of this class of men which wehave seen before us. Now, ladies and gentle-men, I am sure you will approve of an actionwhich the Committee have taken with regardto our crews. You know the arduous andhazardous life they lead when they go out inour Life-boats. Unfortunately, in years pastwe have had serious losses. Men in theexecution of their duty have unfortunatelybeen drowned or killed, and then there havealways been their relatives to consider. Upto recently it had always been our custom tomake a grant of a lump sum to the widowsand orphans; but we have realised that thatreally is not a wise proceeding. Experiencehas taught us that when we give a large sumof money to people who possibly are notaccustomed to holding a large sum of money,instead of its being wisely and properly in-vested it has been possibly frittered away, and


has not dona the real good that we ourselvesintended when we made the presentation.We have now come to the conclusion that we

'will have a broad pension scheme for thewidows and orphans of men who might un-happily be drowned in our service, and wehave, therefore, instituted a pension scheme,founded on the Royal warrant for the Navyand Army, and we think that by doing thatwe are not only doing justice to the men inour employ, but we are really following outthe dictates and desires of those who are oursubscribers and supporters.

Now, ladies and gentlemen, I am glad tosay that Life-boat Day last year was a verysuccessful day for us in London, and that wecollected a sum of something like £8,700.Still, the financial needs are very great, and,although as you will see by the accounts, aconsiderable sum of money has gone to theGeneral Account, your Chairman has told youof calls which we shall have upon our pocket,upon our purse, upon our bank, if we want tokeep abreast of the times and have enoughmotor-boats. Well, we do consider, after wellthinking this matter over, that we mustkeep abreast of the times, and that we musthave, when the war is over, a considerablefleet of motor-boats. I think it must appealto all of you present here to-day that thingsare altering—things will never be the sameafter the war as they were before the war.We shall never go back to the old times.Now, let us take the question of the sea andTHE ROYAL NATIONAL LIFE-BOAT INSTITUTION.Before the war all that our Life-boat men hadto do was to save life from near our coasts-wrecks, sfcrandings, founderings—but sciencehas developed during the war, and I do notdoubt that' after the war we shall not onlyhave passengers on ships going across the seaas in olden times, but we shall have thempassing under the sea in submarine vessels,and possibly over the sea in aeroplane passengervessels. Now, that may come or it may not,but, at any rate, I use those examples ratherto fflfctify me in asking for the support, notonly of those whom I see before me to-day,but also of the whole of the country, to helpthe Committee to find the large sum of moneynecessary for this fleet of motor-boats, whichyour Chairman has mentioned. The sum ofmoney that we shall require if we are to dothis thing properly is between £350,000 and£400,000—a large sum of money, but it is agreat object. Your Chairman has told younow necessary it is that we should have theseboats for saving life around our shores. Howmany lives would have been saved now on theSouth Coast and on the East Coast had wehad motor-boats ? We only had 19. Now, ifwe had had motor-boats instead of rowing-boats our motor-boats would have gone to atorpedoed ship in the distance to save livesthere, which, unfortunately, were lost becausewe could not get there soon enough. At anyrate, we ask for your help. If I might makea suggestion, founded on what the Chairmanhas just said, many of us—I fear, alas 1 toomany of us—have lost those near and dear tous in the war, and in many ways we would

like to commemorate them. And how canwe do better than commemorate those whohave lost their lives by some scheme of com-memoration which may help others to savelives in the future ? I would ask the publicgenerally if they would take that into con-sideration. When they do wish to com-memorate any dear one, or if a few familieswish to commemorate many dear ones, theymight think of THE ROYAL NATIONAL LIFE-BOAT INSTITUTION and find us money for amotor-boat. I simply throw out that sugges-tion, ladies and gentlemen, in the hope thatyou may deem that I am justified in doing so.

Now, ladies and gentlemen, we want—andwe always have wanted—that the Life-boatshould be the light patrols of our MerchantService—a link between our ships passingnear our coasts and the shore, a link whichwill create confidence in the minds of oursailors, if they know that they are on a leeshore and things look black and bad, thatthey can just turn to our Institution and getour help and assistance. I am delighted toknow that on my right-hand I have a colleagueof mine from the House of Commons who Iwill address you presently—Mr. HavelockWilson; and, ladies and gentlemen, I havevery much pleasure in placing before you theresolution which I have the honour to propose,and I hope you will kindly accept it.

SIB JOHNSTON PORBES-ROBEETSON : Mr.Asquith, ladies, my lords and gentlemen, it ismy great privilege to second the resolution soeloquently put before you by the last speaker.In a sort of way I think perhaps I am entitledto have this honour, and the reason is thatvery many years ago, when I was a boy, it socame about that I found myself a member ofa Life-boat crew off the coast of Cornwall, andI actually sat rowing, pulling a great sweep,witb. the type of men we have just seen—thosesix men that we have had the privilege oflooking upon; and though my experience, mylords and gentlemen, was very small, still Irealised to the full, I think, the terrors thatthese men daily face. I had some sort of ideaof what our men go through on all our coasts.I was very proud, ladies and gentlemen, to bein that position, but I frankly tell you thatI was in an awful funk. Well, now then,the question is the money. We have got toget the money, ladies and gentlemen, some-how. Heaven knows the calls upon us all arevery hard at present. Daily we get appealsthat we feel we must supply; we must help.But here is an Institution, which is second tonone, that we have to subscribe to at varioustimes. I can conceive only the wants and thedesires, and the help that we must supply to

i our wounded and our Empire, as beingI superior to this wonderful Institution, which,| as your Chairman has told you, has been going| on now for nigh upon a hundred years. These1 are the backbone ot our people. The British( stock was shown you just now—the finest type| of man—in those six men who came up and| took the medals from our Chairman.! It seems to me that what the last speaker1 said about a memorial is most happy and


proper. Many, as he said, in our poor suffer-ing country arc under the shadow of a greatsorrow—the loss of a son, a husband, or afather, who has fallen away. They want somesymbol. The spirit yearns for some symbol,as human nature always does, and they seekthat symbol in some painted light in somechurch, or some graceful monument by somedistinguished sculptor. We are going to havea symbol very soon to our beloved Edith Cavell.These are great symbols, but as the last speakerpointed out to you, surely this is a better wayto spend the money, if we want to make amemorial to our beloved dead, because, ladiesand gentlemen, it is a live symbol, a livememorial, that is dancing upon the waves onour shores. It seems to me that it must befar more gratifying to those who can affordthe money, to spend it on a boat, or part of aboat, than upon some stained glass, or monu-ment, or cross, as the case may bo. We mustgo out of this room, ladies and gentlemen, outinto'the highways and byways, and call outfor help for this great Institution. Eacb oneof us, if we go out with the determination that

as the term goes, they are a splendid type ofman, a splendid type of manhood, there is noquestion about it. Well, now, ladies andgentlemen, money is the great question.Money we must have, and therefore, as I saidbefore, and I repeat it now, let us go out witha firm determination, with a will, all the timedeclaring that we will get this money, and weshall get it within the year. Of this I ampersuaded.

I have great pleasure in seconding thisresolution.

MR. HAVELOCK WILSON : My lords, ladiesand gentlemen, it gives me great pleasure tobe here to-day. I come representing 250,000men of the Mercantile Marine. We wantspecially, sir, to tender our thanks to theCommittee and tbc members of THE ROYALNATIONAL LIFE-BOAT INSTITUTION for whatthey have done for us in past years, and whatI am sure they are going to do in future.Now, sir, you said in your address thatthe Institution has a just title to claim to be

, 0 "National"; well, I go beyond that, sir. Iwe shall get a few shillings, or a few pounds, think it has a just claim to say it is " Inter-as the case maybe, will get it. We have only j national," because when those hardy men ofgot to will it, ladies and gentlemen, as we ! the coast see a ship in distress they do notpass out of this house, and we shall have it, ' •and we shall have the money eventually forthese motor-boats, which are so important.We, as the last speaker said, must advancewith the times. Everything is increasing.All these wonderful inventions are doubtfuladvantages, I may say, but still we have toendure them; and therefore such an Institutionas this Life-Boat Institution must«^a,ce themusic, so to speak, and must be prepared withthe latest inventions and the latest appliancesto save life at sea.

Now we have also to remember how muchwe owe to the honorary secretaries and thehonorary treasurers all over this country.They are doing admirable work,people in their particular districts realise howthey are devoting their lives to this splendidcause; and this company here should bear inmind and render thanks to these honorarysecretaries and honorary treasurers ; and we

inquire for one moment what is the nation-ality of the men on board; they simply goout to rescue life, regardless ot nationality.That brings me to the one great point withregard to the men of the sea. A good manypeople do not understand what we call thebrotherhood of the sea. Now you have asample to-day in those men who come heremodestly and receive their medals; they donot care much about what they have done.I do not suppose it troubled them a bit—theyare used to it; but to us who fully recognisewhat it means, it was a great deal. You havein those men here a sample of all seafaringmen. The same thing applies upon the wide

Only a few i and mighty ocean when ships are in distress.— " _ _ i • Men never inquire for one moment the

nationality of the men who are in trouble.The great anxiety with them is to rescue,even at the risk and expense of their ownlives. Well, I know of no Institution in this

must also bear in mind that they are doubly j country which has done more good for thehard worked, inasmuch as we can no longersend naval men to inspect the differentstations and drill the men for their work atsea. Therefore, a great deal more trouble andanxiety falls upon these people, who give theirservices freely. Now, THB ROYAL NATIONALLIFE-BOAT INSTITUTION has been breeding allthese years, as the last speaker told you, that

men of the sea than THE ROYAL NATIONALLIFE-BOAT INSTITUTION. It is always agrand thing—when you are on a lee shoreand there is not much hope for you, thewaves dashing round you, and the rocks onthe lee side of you, and it looks pretty black—to suddenly remember that you are on a partof the coast where there is the kind of Life-

splendid type of man, and we have seen six j boat men who do the deeds that have beenexamples. They are the fine British stock. | referred to to-day, fellows that will go outAnd it is not only the question of saving lifeat sea which is so important, but it is thequestion of instilling into the minds of ourpeople the splendid character of these seamen,that their sons may follow them in the sameway—that they may make fine stock, thatthey may remain a splendid breed, and that itshould be that breed that is the life and soul ofour Empire. That is the grit, ladies and gentle-men, of the British Empire and of all ourColonies. Although " we say it as shouldn't,"

and have a try, and if they do not get there,and are driven back by wind and wave, willhave another try; there is tha same result,and they go again. Now that is the truemanhood and grit of the men of the sea; andit is always a satisfaction to those who travelthe wide and mighty ocean to feel that if theyget on the rock-bound shores of coasts likeours there are men on watch—men ready togive assistance and come to their rescue. Well,THF, ROYAL NATIONAL LIFE-BOAT INSTITUTION

L 3

230 THE LIFE-BOAT. [IsT AUGUST, 1918.

has done magnificent work for nearly a !hundred years now, and I am sure that in thenear future, as has been well said by my ',friend, provision will have to be made for !motor-boats. Considerable sums of money [will be required to do that. We all know |that to-day there are many appeals, and I !think deserving appeals, for one thing oranother, but I feel sure that the great Britishpublic, fully realising the great services thatseamen have rendered to the British Empire,will not forget THE ROYAL NATIONAL LIFE-BOAT INSTITUTION. i

The CHAIBMAN : Ladies and gentlemen, youhave.heardthe resolution moved and seconded. ;Those in favour will hold up their hands. On [the contrary ? Carried unanimously. -

LOKD WALDEGRAVE : My lords, ladies andgentlemen, after the many eloquent speeches Iyou have heard, and as I have rather a badcold, I hope you will not expect me to speakvery long, but I have much pleasure in risingto move a very hearty vote of thanks to Mr.Asquith for kindly sparing the time to comeand preside here to-day in this able manner.THE ROYAL NATIONAL LIFE-BOAT INSTITUTIONis truly national, and we have no politics inour work. We have had as Presidents of ourAnnual Meetings leading statesmen of everytype and class, and they have all taken thegreatest interest in the work. I very muchregret that Lord French has been unable,owing to his absence in Ireland, to be hereto-day, a regret which, as you have heardfrom his letter, he most sincerely shares. Ionly hope that he will be with us next year.You have heard to-day, what you probablyknew before, that our Life-boats have donemuch good work during the war in savingsoldiers and seamen who have been in perilthrough the action of enemy submarines andmines. I only hope that when the war isover we may be permitted by the authoritiesto make public the details of those services ina more complete manner than we have beenallowed to hitherto. You have heard thatLord Jellicoe has just joined our Committee,and I am sure that his qualities and know-ledge will be most valuable to us. I knowthat he heartily appreciates the war servicesof our boats. The Institution has not donebadly in the past year considering the times,but it may be hit hard in the future withincreased taxation and the many worthy warappeals to which other speakers have alluded.I can only back up what has been said bySir Edward Coates, Sir Johnston Forbes-Robertson, and others, and say that it behovesevery friend of the Life-boats to do his utmostto obtain new subscribers to the cause. Ithink the suggestion of the motor-boat as amemorial is a most excellent one. It isalways a pleasure to me to meat a Britishseaman of any rank, and, as Chairman of theCommittee of Management, I cordiallywelcome, as I am sure you all do, the pre-sence of some of the gallant men who havewon medals in the past year. I know howpleased you are to see them coming here and

receiving their honours at the hands of Mr.Asquith before this distinguished assembly.

With thase tew remarks I beg to move avote of thanks, and I ask Sir Godfrey Baringto second it.

Sir GODFBEY BARING : Mr. Asquith, ladies,my lords and gentlemen, I have very greatpleasure in seconding the vote of thanks whichhas been moved by Lord Waldegrave. AlthoughI have for some long years past had thehonour and privilege of supporting Mr. Asquithin a place not very far from this hall, underconditions rather more contentious and dis-agreeable, I have never yet had the opportunityof vocally taking part in moving the adoptionof a vote of thanks to our honourable friend.I say " vocally " advisedly, because I have oncountless occasions in the silence and solitudeof my own heart moved, seconded and carriedunanimously a vote of thanks to our Chairmanto-day. We should wish to thank Mr. Asquithnot only for the speech which he has made,but also for his presentation of those medalsto the coxswains of the Life-boats. SirEdward Coates, in his admirable speech, toldyou of the difficulties under which theCommittee of Management are carrying ontheir work during the war. You will readilyunderstand that one of the greatest of ourdifficulties has been to meet the serious drainupon our man-power resources—to use afashionable expression—by the substitutionof older men for the young men who have hadto go to war work. I have heard with regardto my own age, to my sorrow and pain, thegibes that were hurled at the middle-aged inthe House of Commons a short time ago inthe discussion on the Man-Power Bill. Onegentleman asked if it was " really proposed toput these old bones in the trenches?" And tomy fevered imagination he seemed to indicatemyself. Another honourable gentleman talkedabout " Conscripting these battalions of grand-fathers." Well, I should have liked to havetaken these detractors from the glories ofmiddle-age to the beach at Cromer, when thewonderful service, which was described bySir Edward Coates, took place—in fact, threeseparate services—by a crew whose agesaveraged 55 years. I think that these de-tractors from middle-age would have foundthat those men, if they may have lost some-thing in activity, have lost nothing in thematchless skill, undaunted courage, andcheerful self-sacrifice which animated thqjf-in their earlier years. Let us make no mistake.If the efficiency or the courage or the skill ofour crews of THE BOYAL NATIONAL LIFE-BOATINSTITUTION was ever to decrease, why, then,all our Vice-Presidents and our Committee ofManagement and our Governors would be amere pretentious hyppcrisy. But in the longrecord of THE ROYAL NATIONAL LIFE-BOATINSTITUTION—extending now for nearly ahundred years—these men have never failedin their duty in the past, and they will notfail in their duty in the future; and as longas men go down to the sea in ships, our Life-boat men will continue to do their duty ; andit is because, sir, your words to-day have been


a reward to these men for their past services,an encouragement to them in the present,and an inspiration in the future, that theGovernors of the Institution would wish toextend to you their most cordial and gratefulthanks.

LOED WALDEGBAVE : Ladies and gentlemen,I have to put to you, " That the best thanksof this Meeting be given to the Right Hon.H. H. Asquith, K.C., M.P., for presiding overthis Ninety-fourth Annual General Meetingof THE ROYAL NATIONAL LIFE-BOAT INSTITU-TION." Those in favour will please signifythe same in the usual way. On the contrary ?Carried unanimously.

THE CHAIBMAN : I am much obliged to you,

Lord Waldegrave, and my friend Sir GodfreyBaring, for the kind terms in which you havecommended this Resolution to the Meeting,and to the Meeting for passing it. It hasbeen a very great pleasure to me to hare theopportunity of associating myself with thework of this Institution to-day ; and I shouldlike, if I may, in a final word, to commend

•the suggestion which was so eloquentlypressed, amongst other speakers, by my friendSir Johnston Forbes-Robertson, that no bettermemorial to those who have fallen in thewar could be devised or carried out to com-memorate the affection and gratitude of thosewho survive them than the provision andendowment of these appliances, not for thedestruction, but for the saving of life. Ithank you very much.

War Honours.IT is with great satisfaction that werecord the fact that two old employeesof the Institution have received dis-tinction for good work in the field.

LIEUTENANT H. G. SPARY, who was aclerk in the Midland District Office, hasbeen awarded the Military Cross forconspicuous bravery in the face of the

broken he entered the enemy lines andbrought back valuable information and,although wounded, he for six days heldhis position with the few remainingmen, and took three officers and forty-three men prisoners.

CORPORAL LEESON, late storekeeper inthe Midland District Office, has won the

enemy. After the lines had been ! Military Medal in Italy.

Obituary.WE regret to report the death from leading ultimately to the amputation ofwounds of SERGEANT CHARLES DIXON, , a leg. Septic poisoning subsequentlyassistant messenger at the house of developed and Sergeant Dixon suc-the Institution. Sergeant Dixon was cumbed to his injuries. He entered thea Reservist of the Guards and was service of the Institution in October,called up at the outbreak of war. He 1912, and, as indicated above, was calledwas twice wounded, the second injury up for service on the 4th August, 1914.

Award by the King of Norway to the TynemouthLife-boat Men.

IT is very gratifying to be able torecord that H.M. the King of Norwayawarded a piece of silver plate to RobertSmith, the Coxswain of the TynemouthMotor Life-boat Henry Vernon, andconferred Silver Medals and diplomason the other members of the crew. ISilver Medals and diplomas were alsosent for the crew of the private Life-boat Tom Perry. The rewards given tby His Majesty were in recognition of 'the splendid services rendered to theNorwegian steamer Bessheim, which i

was wrecked at Tynemouth in a fierceeasterly gale on the 18th November,1916.

The vessel was bound to Norwaywith a general cargo, and carried

: seventy-eight passengers and a crew; of thirty-three hands, including sevenstewardesses. At the time of the rescuea gale was raging, but fortunately allthose on board were saved withoutmishap. Pull particulars of the servicewere given in the Life-boat Journal forFebruary, 1917.

232 THEJ.rFE-^BOAT.

The Yarmouth Life-boats.

[IST AUGUST, 1918.

OFF the mouth of the Rivev Yare,which divides the counties of Norfolkand Suffolk, and has given its name tothe ancient seaport town of Yarmouth,stretch a series of sandbanks, such asthe Scroby, the Cross Sand, and theCockle, to name only a few of them.The proximity of these dangerous shoals,combined with the fact that the channelbetween them and the mainland is oneof the most thronged sea highways ofthe world, leading as it does to theentrance of the great port of London,has rendered these narrow seas themost perilous to shipping in the wholekingdom, not even excepting the famousGoodwin Sands ; and, as a consequence,the record of splendid rescues carriedout by the Life-boats in this neighbour-hood has not been eclipsed by any in allthe gallantannals of theLife-boatservice.

The three stations immediately con-cerned are Gorleston, Yarmouth, andCaister, and it is proposed to give abrief account of these stations in thisand ensuing numbers of this JOURNAL.

The Record of Gorleston.BEGINNING with the station farthestsouth, we find at what is now theactual mouth of the Yare, the town ofGorleston, or Yarmouth Haven, whichboasts of a considerable antiquity, andmany vicissitudes. The Haven itself,owing to the vagaries of the river, haschanged its position many times, andmuch money in the past has been spenton reconstructing it, the material forwhich, on at least one occasion, wasobtained by the demolition of one ofthe local churches I As long ago as1560 the seventh haven was cut, ofwhich it is recorded that in 1597 noless than 700 vessels were to be foundwithin its confines at one time. Howserious the need for a Life-boat musthave been at that time, and how manylives were lost for want of one, can onlybe conjectured; but it is certain thatno such thing existed, for it was notuntil the early years of last centurythat a more humane generation sawthe necessity for providing some meansof saving the lives of our sailors fromshipwreck.

At what particular period the firstLife-boat was sent to Gorleston is notrecorded; but there was certainly aprivately-owned boat there before thefirst branch of THE ROYAL NATIONALLiFE-BoAr INSTITUTION was formed in1866, in which year a 33-foot surf-boatwas sent down. This boat cost £219.The new Motor Life-boat which is nowbeing built, and which it is hoped toplace there directly after the War, willcost not much less than £5,000.

In was in 1878 that a request for alarger boat was made by the local boat-men, who pointed out " that from the

\ convenience of launching into;the river,I the weatherly position in S.E. gales,and having tug-steamers near, which arealways ready to tow them, out, they coa-

! sider they might in many cases rendermore speedy aid than any other boat."

; What was true in 1878 is equallytrue now ; and the weatherly position of

I Gorleston and the presence of tugs, com-! bined, it should in fairness be added,with a particularly brave and skilfullot of boatmen, have indeed, during

i these forty years, proved the contention1 of the men that in many cases theymight render " a more speedy aid thanany other boat."

It was not, however, until 1883 thatthe first large sailing - boat was de-spatched to the station. She -wasnamed Mark Lane, having been sub-scribed for by members of the London

i Corn Exchange, a name which has since; become famous in the history of theLife • boat service. This first Marie

; Lane was an old boat when she v>-assent to Gorleston, and in 1888 she wasreplaced by a new and altogether larger

; and more powerful boat, bearing thesame name. This is the actual boat

! which is now approaching the end ofj an honourable career, having addedj more lustre to the story of life-saving atsea than any other Life-boat in the world.The crew themselves selected the typefrom a similar boat at Southport, andit is interesting to note that this is theearliest recorded occasion on -which a'

I deputation from a crew were sent tovisit other stations in order to choose

: a new Life-boat, a practice which has


now become universal, and is, indeed,embodied in the regulations of theInstitution.

A record of all the services of theGorleston Life - boats would fill avolume, for they comprise no less than479 launches, resulting in the saving of836 lives and 67 vessels. Of theseservices, five in recent years stand outconspicuously as having in each caseearned the Coxswain, Sidney Harris,the coveted honour of the Silver Medalof the Institution, so that he is theproud and unique possessor of no lessthan four clasps, in addition to themedal itself; and in 1914 he wasselected for the American Cross ofHonour, which is only awarded forvery special and distinguished braveryin saving life at sea.

The first of these five awards wasearned in February, 1905, for the rescueof the crew of the brig Celerity ; thesecond in December of the same year,in connection with the wreck of thelugger Fruitful, of Wick, on the10th November, when eight lives were

! saved. The Third Service Clasp was! added four years later, Harris havingj displayed great gallantry in saving the. s.s. Clunie, of Aberdeen, and her crewof nine hands. The Fourth Service

' Clasp was awarded for a particularlyfine service in August, 1912, to thes.s. Egyptian, to which the Life-boatmade no less than four separate trips,resulting in the saving of her crew ofthirty-one, including the captain's wifeand child.

It is perhaps, however, the lastI service for which this award was made,resulting in the Fifth Service Clasp,which has added the greenest laurel tothe brows of this hero of the sea, andhas shed the greatest glory on the his-tory of the Gorleston Life-boat Station.This was the rescue of the schoonerDart on the 29th March, 1916. This

I service deserves more than a passingmention, and although it has alreadybeen described at some length in thepages of this JOURNAL for May, 1916,it is proposed to close this article by abrief recapitulation of that account.

(To be continued.)

The Life-boatUnited States.

Tins service is, as our readers are aware,a State service, and is the only oneentirely managed, administered and sup-ported by the State, except the DanishLife-boat Service. In January, 191#fan important Act was passed whichprovides that the Coastguard "shalloperate under the Treasury Departmentin time of peace, and operate as part ofthe Navy in time of war, or when thePresident shall so direct." Accordingly,on the declaration of war by the UnitedStates on the 6th April, 1917, the Coast-guard passed from the Treasury to theNavy Department. Hence the Reportfor 1917 does not include those activitiesof the Coastguard connected with thenaval operations subsequent to that date.Owing to the complicated nature of thework carried out by the United StatesLife-saving Service, which has of coursebeen accentuated by its absorption intothe larger sphere of naval operations, itis very difficult to trace precisely thenumber and the nature of the life-saving

Service Abroad.operations proper. But it is stated that2,153 lives were saved "or persons

; rescued from peril," and that vesselswere assisted and lives saved in 1,584instances. It is, however, impossible toascertain how many "persons rescued

; from peril" were so rescued from vessels• shipwrecked on the high seas whichwere assisted by the cruising vessels ofthe United States Coastguard, and howmany were rescued from danger whichwas unconnected with shipwreck, suchas being caught by the tide, strandedand in danger of death from starvation,or merely persons who were in a positionof danger on board a vessel which wastowed or assisted into safety by theefforts of the Coastguard service.

The figures with regard to the valueof the property saved run into millionsof dollars, while the nett expenditureamounts to something over £1,260,000.But, in view of the complicated natureof the service and of the costly vesselsemployed it is quite impossible to form

: any estimate of the comparative cost of

234 THE LIFE-BOAT. [lar AUGUST, 1918.

the United States Life-boat Serviceproper. We note that the servicemaintains 22 cruising cutters, 26 harbourcutters and 270 stations, most of whichare provided with the rocket apparatus.We reproduce an illustration of aUnited States Life-boat being launchedfrom a carriage.

Portugal.INSTITUTO DB SOCORROS A NAUFEAGOS.The report for 1914 and 1915, which

has been delayed by circumstances overwhich the Society had no control, showsthat 1,240 lives were saved by Life-boats arid other means in the two years, iand 182 vessels and boats were assisted. 'The Life-boats were launched 75 times,and the rocket apparatus was in use 33times. The Society possesses 42 Life-boats, and the total number of livessaved since its foundation is 7,788;while the total number of vesselsassisted is 1,275. The Society receivesa Government subsidy of 4,000 inilreis.The Report expresses regret at thediminution in the number of subscribers,and makes an earnest appeal for a widermeasure of support.

Norway.NOESK SELSKAB TIL SKIBBEUDNES REDNING.

The Society was founded in 1893, andowns 25 Life-boats. ;

In 1917 6 boats were saved, with ;22 lives, and 1 vessel with 4 lives;while 506 boats and 35 vessels were !" assisted." The total number of livessaved since the foundation of the Societyis 2,268; while 594 boats and 44 shipshave been saved. The Society receivesa State subsidy of 35,000 kroner.

Netherlands.ZUID - HOLLANDSCHE MAATSCHAPPIJ TOT

REDDING VAN SCHIPBREDKELINGEN.The report for 1917 shows that the

Society had 12 stations, with 2 steamlife-boats, 2 motor life-boats, 5 life-boats,and 2 self-righting life-boats; also 7 'line-throwing mortars and rocket appar-atus. There were three launches in1917, but no service was rendered. Oneof the cases was that of a Britishtorpedo-boat which had been sunk by asubmarine. The Report states that theinterference with shipping has had avery serious effect on the finances of theSociety, which again shows a loss ascompared with the previous year. The j

loss of contributions from shipping isput at 30 per cent. This is a point onwhich we have good reason to sym-pathize with our sister Society, as theloss of British shipping and the suspen-sion of travelling and mail steamerscaused a serious diminution in ourrevenue from these sources.

Denmark.BERETNING OM DET DANSKE REDNINGS-

VAESENS VlKKSOMHED.This service is, like that of the United

States, entirely managed and adminis-tered by the State. In the year 1916-1917, 69 lives were saved by the Life-boats on eleven occasions, and 24 by therocket apparatus on five occasions.

The total number of lives saved bythe Life-boats since 1852 is 5,994, whilethe rocket apparatus has been the meansof saving 3,513, being a total of 9,590.The State maintains 49 life-boats, in-cluding 1 motor-boat, which has beenbuilt according to the plans and speci-fications provided by the .Royal NationalLife-Boat Institution.

Sweden." SALLSKAPET FOE RADDNING AF

SKEPPSBRUTNE."The Society was established in 1906

and possesses 11 life-boats, including 4motor life-boats. There are also 17stations belonging to the State. Nolives were saved in 1917. One hundredlives and 8 vessels have been saved since1906. We publish a picture of thePatrol Life-boat which is constantlycruising in Swedish waters, and whichhas saved 3 boats and 7 lives.

Spain.BOLETIN DK LA SOCIEDAD EsPAXOLA DE

SALVAMENTO DE NAUGRAGOS.Founded in 1880.

The Report for the quarter endingJune, 1918, shows that the total numberof lives saved since 1880 by the materialprovided by the Society is now 1,463,while rewards have been given for thesaving of 10,629 lives which have beensaved by other means in the same period.The number of vessels assisted is 104.The quarterly Report refers to the savingof the crews of 3 vessels, includingthe British steamer Isle of Jura, whichwas torpedoed by a German submarinein April, 1917. The Society possesses104 Life-boats.

SAIL DRILL WITH MOTOR LIFE-BOAT (U.S.A. LIFE-BOAT SERVICE).

'PATROL" LIFE-BOAT (SWEDISH LIFE-BOAT SERVICE).

[To face p. 234


The Southwold Life-boats, 1840-1916.(Continued from "Life-Boat Journal," August, 1917,p. 198.)

By ERNEST R. COOPER, Hon. Secretary.

THR Second Coxswain, who is also aharbour pilot, was put aboard with threemen, and they tried to get the vessel* tothe harbour, but the tide and wind sether into Dunwich Bight close to theshore ; at one time it looked like thebarge going ashore, and the Life-boatstood by to take the people out. How-ever, the wind eastered a little and shewas able to claw off the lee shore,weathering Thorpe Ness about a quarterof a mile; the captain then asked themen to take him to Harwich, and theyproceeded through a heavy sea untilabout 2 A.M., when they sighted the CorkLight, the Life-boat running alongsideunder bare poles. At this juncture thewind flew off from the N.N.W., makingit quite impossible to get the barge intoHarwich, and the captain said theymust go to Faversham, where the vesselwas bound. Accordingly she wasaccompanied all the way to Faversham,in Kent, by the Life-boat, and anchoredthere in safety about 4 P.M. next day.All hands had a good rest that night,and left about 2 P.M. the following dayin a strong wind at south for the home-ward journey of about seventy miles.The boat arrived safely in Southwoldharbour about 2 A.M. on Christmas morn-ing, after an absence of fifty-five hours,and the waits went down to the harbourto give them a Christmas welcome,singing carols as the boat came in.

The Committee considered this anunusually good service and the Institu-tion endorsed this by awarding S. Maya framed Certificate of Service and ahandsome pair of Binoculars.

In the meantime, however, betweenthe saving of the Beryl and the pre-sentation, occurred on the 17th January,1912, a very heavy gale at S.E. by E.,during the height of which, viz.,, atabout 4 P.M., information was receivedfrom the Coastguard that a schoonerwas ashore at Misner with the crew inthe rigging. The Alfred Carry waslaunched in record time, towed down tothe pier head, and sailed out in a most

* The barge Beryl, 22nd December, 1911.

splendid manner through a very heavysea; in about an hour she was at thewreck, just after dark, and let go the

| anchor to veer down. But the sea wastremendous, and no sooner did she cometo her anchor than the cable snapped,and the Life-boat was in the greatestdanger of being swept ashore ; but withincredible smartness sail was set again,and the boat sailed off to sea and roundoutside the vessel, finally letting go thesecond anchor inside the ship and takingout the crew of four men and thecaptain's wife from the lee quarter;the Life-boat was then sailed back andinto the harbour by soon after 7.30 P.M.,having been six miles out and six mileshome in a very heavy gale, and takenout a crew, in little over three hours.The Life-boat was thrown against theNorth Pier by a heavy sea when enteringthe harbour, but fortunately no veryserious damage was sustained.

While the Alfred Carry was awaytremendous excitement was aroused inthe town by a large Norwegian barquecoming ashore about 7 P.M., exactlyopposite the lighthouse. The Life-boatgun was immediately fired, the Rescuequickly got out, and dragged by handup the hill to the Grand Hotel, whereshe was ^got over the breakwater andafterwards launched from the carriagenear the Steamboat Pier, a heavy seabreaking on the shoal at the time.Contrary to orders the men put theboat's mast on shore, so that they couldrow better, and when, owing to an errorof judgment, they missed the wreck,they were unable to fetch her againagainst tide and sea, and were obligedto anchor and wait. Had the mast

1 been on board they could have sailedback into position again. Meantime,

! the Rocket Brigade had fired severalrockets over the vessel, and eventuallygetting communication, the whole crew

! of nine were saved by the apparatus,i and the Life-boat came ashore at theGunhill about 10 P.M. This barque wasthe Idun of Christianssand, which be-came a total wreck.


The schooner whose crew were savedby the Alfred Garry was the Voorwaarts,of Groningen, in Holland, bound fromEmden to Southampton. This rescuetook place almost at the exact spotwhere, fifty-three years before, theHarriett rescued the crew and thecaptain's wife of the Prussian brigLucinde.

The Netherlands Government, inrecognition of this most meritoriousservice, awarded a Silver Medal to theCoxswain, and Bronze Medals to theremainder of the crew who risked theirlives on that terrible night.

Early in the morning of the 18thJanuary, 1912, snow came on, andduring the worst of it a third vessel,the smack Olive, of Ramsgate, wasdriven ashore within a quarter-of-a-mileof the Voorwaarts. Owing to the snow-storm, however, she was nob observed,but the sea washed her up so high thatvery soon the crew were able to dropoff the bowsprit on to the shore, wherethey were discovered in the morning.Not since the Day star service in 1886had three vessels been ashore in SoleBay at one time, and the 17th-18thJanuary, 1912, will long be rememberedin the ancient Borough.

At about noon on the 11th September,1912,a vessel was observed off Southwoldwith a considerable list, and a signal ofdistress in her rigging. As a N.N.E.gale was blowing with a heavy swell,and the crew could be seen working hardat the pumps, it was decided to launchthe No. 2 Life-boat Rescue. When theLife-boat reached the vessel the masterstated that he required help as his ves-sel was making a lot of water, afterencountering a gale in the North Sea.Eight Life-boatmen were put on boardto navigate the vessel and man thepumps, and with the boat in close atten-dance they succeeded in getting thevessel safely into harbour, where theypumped her dry. The vessel was thebrigantine George Casson, of Carnarvon;she carried a crew of six men, and wasbound from Fredrikstad to Menai Bridgewith a cargo of timber.

On the 5th February, 1915, the ketchZenobia, of London, whilst bound fromSunderland to London with a cargo ofbottles, was overtaken by a S.S.E. gale

when riding abreast Southwold Harbour.At the time the master was alone onboard, the two hands having landedearlier in the day and being unable toget back. As the sea was much tooheavy for an ordinary boat to attemptto put to sea the Life-boat JKescue waslaunched and subsequently assisted theketch into harbour.

Again on the 18th July, 1915, anexplosion was observed at about 8 A.M.,on a large steamer, and it was reportedthat she had been torpedoed. As someof the crew were observed leaving thevessel in the ship's boats, the Life-boatwas not immediately launched, but thevessel was kept under observation.Later, when it was seen that the vesselwas lower in the water, the Life-boatwas launched. Her services were en-gaged and, by the united efforts of theLife-boatmen and tugs, the ship waseventually refloated and towed intoSheerness, accompanied by a navalescort. The ship was the s.s. Batoum,of Swansea, carrying a crew of thirty-three men, and loaded with oil fuel.Six men had been killed by the explosion.

And lastly, just after daybreak onthe 12th November, 1915, a schooner-rigged vessel was observed coming infrom the eastward in a strong S.E. byE. wind. From time to time she waslost sight of in the rain and squalls, andat about 10.30 A.M. she could no longerbe seen from Southwold. As a result ofenquiries by telephone it was found thatshe was in a dangerous position near theSizewell Bank, and the Life-boat AlfredCarry was launched. When the Life-boat reached the ship, which proved tobe the brigantine John, of Grimsby, thecaptain reported that he had beenaground, but on letting go his anchorthe vessel swung clear. The Life-boat-men were engaged, and eventually thevessel was saved.

From 1840 to the present time theSouthwold Life-boats have saved 148lives and 18 vessels, besides assistingothers, and, although this may notcompare with many Stations, it mustbe borne in mind that Southwold liesin a hollow of a wide open bay, so thatthe greater part of the traffic passesseveral miles out to sea and there isnothing in these days of steam to bring

I IST AUGUST, 1918.] THE LIFE-BOAT. 237

vessels into the bay. But on the otherhand let it not be forgotten that manyof the services have been performedmiles from home, amidst dangeroussandbanks, after launching from a beachexposed in certain winds to the fullforce of a 300-mile fetch, and that forover seventy-five years the South-woldmen have been ready and willing tohazard their lives with the object ofsaving and assisting fellow creatures indistress.

The Institution is considering' thequestion of placing a Motor Life-boat atSouthwold in place of the Alfred, Carry.Whatever may be done about this I amquite sure that, when the time comes,the Southwold men will part with theirAlfred Corry with the sincerest regret,and in order that her name and designmay be kept alive, I have had a model ofher made, which is placed in SouthwoldChurch as a permanent memento of theboat and a token of the gratitude ofthe men for their safe return from manyperilous voyages, undertaken in thisnoble boat in response to the call ofthose in peril on the sea.*

The Institution is represented by a

* We warmly recommend Mr. Cooper'saction to other Hon. Secretaries of StationBranches.—ED.

Local Committee, elected each year bythe subscribers to the branch, and thecommittee appoints the secretary, cox-swains, and other officials, and has fullcontrol over the boats. Over all, theHeadquarters' Staff in London watcheswith paternal care, and from that sourcethe branches receive the most broad-minded, kindly, generous treatment, noreasonable request ever being refused,and no expense spared to keep thestations efficient and to remunerate themen liberally for their services, whethersuccessful or unsuccessful, and to com-pensate them for injuries sustained whileengaged on Life-boat work. No moreworthy object for charitable support canbe found than the Life-Boat Institution.

When stormy winds do blow and wildseas sweep round our Island Home,think of our merchant seamen carryingon the trade of this vast empire at therisk of their lives, and of the hardyamphibious men who man the Life-boatsand who are on the alert day and nightto render service to those in peril on the

, sea. Few can help in this noble work| by their personal exertions, but all canassist by subscribing to the funds of the

j great Institution which organizes and| maintains the finest Life-boat Service inI the world.

Summary of the Meetings of the Committee of Management.Friday, llth January, 1918.

SIB GODFBEY BABINQ, BABT., M.P., V.P.,in the Chair.

Bead and confirmed the minutes of theprevious meeting.

Bead and confirmed the minutes of theBuilding, General Purposes, and Wreck andReward Sub-Committees, and ordered thattheir recommendations be carried into effect.

Bead the reports of the District Inspectorson their visits to the following Stations :—

Northern District. — St. Andrews, Grail,Anstruther, Buokhaven, North Berwick,Skateraw, Dunbar, St. Abbs, Eyemouth,Berwick-on-Tweed, and Holy Island No. 2.

Southern District.—Southeud-on-Sea, andWorthing.

Eastern District.—Pakefield, Sheringham,Cromer, Kessinglaud Nos. 1 and 2, South-wold No. 1, Palling Nos. 1 and 2, Skegness,Donna Nook, and Grimsby Dock.

Western District.—Rhyl, Point of Ayr,Llandulas,Llandudno, Porthdillaen, Criccieth,Abersoch, Pwllheli, Aberdovey, and Barmouth.

Irish District.—Ramsey, Peel, Port Erin,Castletown, Port St. Mary, and Douglas.

Presented the reports of the DistrictOrganizing Secretaries on their visits to theBranches in their respective areas.

Reported the receipt of the following specialcontributions since the previous meeting:—

£. s. d.CIVIL SEBVICE LIFE-BOAT FUND

(per W. FOBTESQUE BABBATT,Esq. On account of Civil Ser-vice Life-boats) 500 - -

COVENT GABDEN LIFE-BOAT FUND 100 - -I. 0. OF ODDFELLOWS (MANCHESTEB

UNITY) :—Subscription . ... . £50 - -Donations . . . . 3 13 -

53 13 -JOSEPH COMJNGWORTH, Esq. . . 52 10 -M. H. B 50 - -ABTHUB G. BOBY, Bsq 50 - -M. W 25 - -Miss E. MKTCALFE 25 - -—To be thanked.


Paid £6,122 lor sundry charges in connexionwith the maintenance of the various Life-boatestablishments.

Voted £414 2s. to pay the expenses of thefollowing Life-boat services:—

LivesLife-boat. Vessel. saved.

Berwick-on-Tweed 2Clacton-on-Sea .

Oromer

Margate No. 1

Montrose No. 1 .

Newbiggin. . .Newhaven .

North Deal . .

North Sunderland

Staithes . . .

Teesmouth.

S.S. Iris, of Helsing-borg . . . . 2 3

Motor Fishing-boatAdmiral Jellicoe, ofYarmouth. Stoodby boat.

Barge Ernest Piper,of London . . . 3

Barge Harriett, ofFaversham . . 2

Barge Vampire, ofLondon. Savedvessel and . . . 3

Motor Ketch Pionier,ofOstend . . . 6

Motor Fishing-boatLord Kitchener, ofMontrose. Assistedto save vessel and 2

A Steamer . . . 11A Steamer. Stood

by vessel.Barges Scud, Ethel

Ada, Corsair, Cam-bria, and WesternBelle, (3 f r o meach vessel) . . 15

F i s h i n g - b o a tBeautiful Star.Remained in at-tendance.

S.S. Castlerock, ofBelfast. Stood byvessel.

S.S. Eros, of London.Landed 19.

S.S. Eidsiva . . . 20Walton-on-Naze . S.S. Peregrine, of

London . . . 9 2Wexford . . ,. Schooner Northern

Light, of Wexford 4Whitby No. 2 . S.S. Venetia, of

Glasgow . . . 8The Cromer Life-boat rendered assistance

to the s.s. Polcrea, of London.Also voted £684 8s. 6d. to pay the expenses

of the following Life-boat launches, assembliesof crews, etc., with a view of assisting personson vessels in distress:—Aldeburgh, Ardrossau,Ballycotton, Brancaster, Brighton, Brixham,Cadgwith, Cemlyu, Grail, Oullercoats, Duubar,Gorleston No. 1, Holyhead (Steam), HolyIsland No. 1, The Lizard, Mablethorpe,Margate No. 1, Mevagissey, Newquay (Corn.),North Sunderland, Padstow No. 2, PallingNos. 1 and 2, Penlee, Port Isaac, St. Agnes,St. Ives, Sennen Cove, Sheringham, Skegness,and Tynemouth.

Granted £39 18s. 6d. to men for injury inthe Life-boat service at Ilfracombe, St. Aunes,and Tramore.

Voted the Silver Medal of the Institutionto ex-Coxswain J. GILL, and the BronzeMedal to the Second Coxswain of the New-quay (Corn.) Life-boat, and an additionalmonetary reward to them and to each of thecrew, for a gallant attempt to go to theassistance of the s.s. Osten, of Denmark,on the 17th December. Immediately alterlaunching, the Life-boat was overpowered bya succession of heavy seas, driven on to therocks, and dashed to pieces.

Also voted an Aneroid Barometer, mountedon a shield and bearing a suitable inscription, tothe Hon. Secretary, and directed that a specialLetter oi Thanks be sent to the Launching Sub-Committee of the Branch for their efforts onthe occasion.

Voted the Silver Third Service Clasp to theCoxswain, and the Bronze Medal to theSecond Coxswain of the Clacton-ou-Sea Life-boat, also an additional monetary reward tothem and to each member of the cre-w, inrecognition of their good work in rescuing thecrew of twenty-three hands of the Swedishsteamer Iris, wrecked on the Longsaud, in astrong Easterly gale, on the 27th-28thDecember.

Voted the Silver Medal of the Institutionto the Coxswain, and the Bronze Medal tothe Second Coxswain of the Walton-on-NazeLife-boat, also an additional monetary rewardto them and to each member of the crew, inrecognition of their exceptionally good work inrescuing ninety-two persona, many of whomwere women and children, from the s.s. Pere-grine, of London, wrecked on the Longsand, ina moderate gale and very heavy sea, on thenight of the 28th-29th December.

Voted additional monetary rewards, inrecognition of their arduous services, to thecrews of the North Deal and Teesmouth Life-boats ; and sent a special Letter of Thanks, inappreciation of his efforts, to the HonorarySecretary of the latter boat.

Voted £3 to four men at Cullercoats forsaving, at considerable risk, one of two menwhose coble had capsized in the early morningof the 12th November. The salvors wereproceeding to sea when they heard cries, andthey found the oapsiaed fishing-coble amongstthe rocks. One of the crew had alreadyperished, and much difficulty was experiencedin getting the other man into the coble.

Voted £6 to three men at Pwllheli for saving,on the 9th October, twenty-one persons from,a ship's life-boat belonging to the s.s.Memphian, which had been torpedoed theprevious day. A moderate West gale wasblowing with a rough sea, and the men werein an exhausted condition when picked up.Whilst the boat was being towed into safetythe tow rope broke, and one of the salvors washurt. Owing to their humane conduct insaving the men, the salvors lost their night'sfishing, and the Committee granted them asum of £10 towards their loss.

Voted £6 to ten men, forming the crew ofthe yawl Odd Fellows, and the tug Tare, forsaving, on the 26th December, five men of the


s.s. Ida, of Glasgow, whose boat had capsizedin the breakers ofi Gorleston harbour. Theyawl was putting to sea at the time of theaccident, and at once proceeded in tow of thetug to the assistance of the men. Theysucceeded in picking up five men, but theMaster was unfortunately drowned.

Friday, 8th February, 1918.Mr. ROBERT BIBKBECK, V.P., in the Chair.Bead and confirmed the minutes of the

previous meeting.Bead and confirmed the minutes of the

Building, General Purposes, Wreck and Re-ward, and Special Sub-Committees, andordered that their recommendations becarried into effect.

Bead the reports of the District Inspectorson their visits to the following Stations:—

Northern District. — Holy Island, NorthSunderland, Boulmer, Alnmouth, Hauxley,Cresswell, Newbiggin, and Cromarty.

Southern District.—Nil.Eastern District. — Cromer, Yarmouth,

Gorleston Nos. 1 and 2, Lowestoft, Pakefield,Caister Nos. 1 and 2, Winterton Nos. 1 and 2,Hasborough, Branoaster, Hunstanton, Kes-singland No. 2, Hornsea, Spurn, Eaaington,Bridlington, Flamboro Nos. 1 and 2, Filey,Scarborough, Whitby Nos. 1 and 2, Upgang,and Robin Hood's Bay.

Western District.—Holyhead No. 1, andHolyhead No. 2.

Irish District.—Arklow, Courtown, RosslareHarbour, Kilmore, Wexford, Dunmore East,Tramore, and Fenit.


Reported the receipt of the following specialcontributions since the previous meeting:—ANONYMOUS. Further on ac. for £. i. d,

a New Motor-boat . . . . 500 - -ANONYMOUS 50 - -F. A. RICHABDB, Esq. (new sub-

scription) 50 - -W. S. BBADSTBEET, Esq. . . . 25 - -Miss B. M. HAMMEBTON . . . 20 - -—To be thanked.

Paid £5,302 for sundry charges in con-nexion with the maintenance of the variousLife-boat establishments.

Voted £244 }3s. 9d. to pay the expenses of thefollowing Life-boat services:—


Arbroath . . Fishing - boat MaggieAnn Bruce, of Ar-broath. Renderedassistance.

Blakeney . . S.S. General Havelock,of Newcastle . . . 16

,, . . A steamer . . . . 14Cullercoats . Fishing - cobles. Stood

•by boats.

Life-boat.Fraserburgh

LiYesSaved.

Hauxley

North Deal

Vessel.A steamer. Rendered

assistance.A steamer. Rendered

assistance.A tug and 3 barges.

Stood by vessels.North Sunderland. A steamer . . . 14RobinHood'sBay S.S. Torquay, of Dart-

mouth. Landed 17.Whitby No. 2 . S.S. Portaferry, of

Glasgow . . . . 8Ramsgate Life-boat saved fourteen from a

tug, and the Spurn Life-boat assisted to savethe steam trawler Crystal, of Hull.

Also voted £67012*. 3d. to pay the expensesof the following Life-boat launches, assem-blies of crews, etc., with a view of assistingpersons on vessels in distress:—AldeburghNo. 1, Berwiok-on-Tweed, Blyth, Boulmer,Coverack, Cromer, Donaghadee, Donna Nook,Dunbar, Gorleston No. 1, Holy Island No. 1,The Lizard, Lossiemouth, Lowestoft, LymeRegis, Mevagissey, Newhaven, North Deal,North Deal (Reserve), Palling No. 1, Ramsey,Ramsgate, Runswick, Ryde, Rye Harbour,Southend-on-Sea, Teesmouth, Tynemouth,Walton-on-Naze, Wells, and Winterton No. 1.

Granted £45 15s. 6d. to men for injury inthe Life-boat service at Newquay (Corn.) andRyde.

Voted £6 10s. Wd. to cover the expenses ofMotor Fishing-boats at Hauxley and Meva-gissey, which were launched for the purposeof rendering assistance to vessels mined ortorpedoed.

Voted additional monetary rewards in recog-nition of their arduous services to the crewsof the Blakeney, Cromer, and North Sucder-land Life-boats, and also a special grant tothe Motor Mechanic at Fraserburgh, whosepresence of mind and prompt action savedthe Life-boat from serious damage on theoccasion of a launch on the 12th January.

Reported that a letter had been receivedfrom the Lords Commissioners of theAdmiralty expressing their appreciation ofthe gallant rescue of the passengers and crewby the Walton-on-the-Naze Life-boat on the29th December last; also a letter from theBoard of Trade conveying, through the ConsulGeneral for Belgium, the thanks of the Belgianpassengers who were saved on that occasion.

Voted £6 to six men for putting off fromMevagissey in two Motor Fishing-boats, in amoderate gale and rough sea, and saving ninemen in a ship's boat belonging to thes.s. Almond Branch, which had been tor-pedoed on the 27th November last. Twenty-six other men belonging to the crew werepicked up by a Patrol-boat before the MotorFishing-boat arrived on the scene. A moderateN.W. gale was blowing at the time, and thesea was rough.

Directed that a special Letter of Thanks besent to WILLIAM BBIGGS, Skipper, R.N.R., forputting off and saving one of three persons


from a ferry-boat which capsized off Poole, ina rough sea, on the 9th December; alsogranted a reward of 10s. to a lad namedRANDALL, who assisted in the rescue.

Voted £12 10s. to eight men who, at con-siderable risk, succeeded in saving six menfrom the sailing-ship Figaro, of Dunkirk,which had stranded off Pembrey, in verystormy weather, on the 18th January. Thevessel stranded at 6.30 A.M., and the salvors,on hearing of the casualty, at once pro-ceeded to the scene, a distance of a mile.By wading into the sea they succeeded ineffecting communication with the vessel andsaved the six men ,'on board. The weatherduring the night had been very stormy, withS.S.W. wind, and the vessel became a totalwreck. After the reward had been forwardedthe salvors wrote expressing their thanks forwhat the Institution had done, but statedthat they did not desire to accept any reward.

Friday, 8th March, 1918.The Bt. Hon. the EABL WAiDEaBAVB, P.O.,

Y.P., in the Chair.Bead and confirmed the minutes of the

previous meeting.Bead and confirmed the minutes of the

Building, General Purposes, Wreck and Be-ward, and Special Sub - Committees, andordered that their recommendations becarried into effect.

The Committee learnt with regret the deathof the Bt. Hon. the EABL BBASSET, G.C.B.,who had been a Vice-President of the Insti-tution since 1890, and sent a letter of con-dolence to his family.

Accepted the resignation, on account of ill-health, of Commander EDWIIT A. DAT, B.N.,temporary District Inspector of Life-boats.

Specially recognized the good services, ex-tending over many years, of the followingHonorary Secretaries of Branches of theInstitution:—

J. H. BUBTON, Esq., Beaumaris.H. BIBBELL, Esq., Grail.T. SYMES, Esq., Littlehampton.C. A. HAI, Esq., Lossiemouth.H. J. BBACEY, Esq., Yarmouth.

Bead the reports of the District Inspectorson their visits to the following Stations:—

Southern District.—Newhaven, Hastings,Eastbourne No. 1, Eastbourne No. 2, Brighton,and Hove.

Eastern District. — Sheringham, Sunder-land, Whitburn, Seaham, Teesmouth, Bedcar,Hartlepool No. 2, Hartlepool No. 8, SeatonCarew, Saltburn, Staithes, and Bunswick.

Western District. — Newquay (Cardigan),Fishguard, Cardigan, St. David's, LittleHaven, Tenby, Angle, Perryside, TheMumbles, Barry Dock, Weston-Super-Mare,Burnham, and Minehead.

Irish District.—Courtmacsherry, Queens-town, Ballycotton, Youghal, Helvick Head,

Wicklow, Skerries, Howth, Newcastle,Donaghadee, Groomsport, Cloughey, Port-rush, and Greencastle.


Reported the receipt of the following specialcontributions:— jg_ s< <jp

ANONYMOUS (National War Bonds) 200 - 8ANONYMOUS, " W." 50 - -ANONYMOUS. Further on account

for a new Motor-boat . . . 50 — -—To be thanked.

Paid £10,607 for sundry charges in con-nexion with the maintenance of the variousLife-boat establishments.

Voted £120 Us. to pay the expenses of thefollowing Life-boat services I—-


Folkestone . Inner Gate Lightship.Stood by Lightship.

Holyhead A Steamer. Bendered(Steam) assistance.

„ Schooner Baltic, ofLiverpool. Landed 4.

„ Schooner Ellwood, ofDublin 4

Port Patrick . S.S. Dolphin, of London.Bendered assistance.

Bedcar . . . A vessel. Landed 1 andassisted to save vessel.

Sennen Cove . S.S. Beaumaris, ofLondon . . . . 18

Southport . . S.S. Chrysopolis,- ofGenoa 42

Tynemouth . Tug Hugh Bourne, ofSouth Shields . . 4

WhitbyNo. 2. S.S. Spurt, ofChristiania . . . 3

Barmouth Life-boat saved the schoonerJohn Ewing, of Cardigan; the Clovelly Life-boat assisted to save the schooner Emily, ofPadstow, and four lives; the Cromer Life-boat assisted to save the motor barge Innisbeg,of Hull, and five lives; the Cullercoats Life-boat saved a steamer; the Dungeness No. 2Life-boat assisted to save the s.s. Mogador, ofCasa Blanca; and the Holyhead Steam Life-boat rendered assistance to the schoonerWelsh Belle, of Falmouth.

Also voted £542 17s. 3d. to pay the expensesof the following Life-boat launches, assembliesof crews, etc., with a view of assisting personson vessels in distress:—Abersoch, AldeburghNo. 1, Brixham, Cardigan, Coverack, Cromer,Folkestone, Hastings, Holy Island No. 1,North Sunderland, Peel, Penlee, Port Logan,Bobiu Hood's Bay, Bye Harbour, St. David's,Sennen Cove, Skateraw, Southwold No. 1,Teesmouth, Tenby, Tynemouth, and White-haven.

Granted £13 10s. to a man for illness as aresult of exposure on service in the Life-boatat Sennen Cove.

Voted £46 8s. 2d. to cover the expenses ofMotor Fishing-boats at Dungeness, Exmouth,Gourdon, Hastings, Hauxley, Holy Island,


Mevagissey, Padstow, and Whitburn, whichwere launched for the purpose of renderingassistance to vessels mined or torpedoed.

Voted the Silver Medal of the Institutionto ABTHUB RUDDOCK, Skipper, R.N.R., andthe thanks of the Institution, inscribed onvellum, to ALBEET COLLIES and JOHSOOULTHABD, Seamen, R.N.R., together withthe sum of £5 to each of the men for theirgallantry in putting off in a 14-foot dinghyfrom the steam drifter Heather Bell, in awhole E. gale and very heavy sea, andrescuing the crew of four men of the s.s.Dragon, which had stranded off Whiting Bay,Isle of Arran, on the 16th December. Whenthe salvors reached the vessel the crew hadtaken to the rigging, and their rescue wasonly effected with great difficulty. As the seawas too heavy for the dinghy to return to theHeather Bell, she ran for the shore, where therescued men were landed.

Also directed that a special Letter of Thanksbe sent to Lieut. SMITH, R.N.R., who was incharge of the Drifters, for promptly dispatch-ing the steam drifter Heather Bell, andproceeding to the scene of the wreck in her.

Voted £8 to six men in two cobles for saving,on the 20th February, twenty-four men fromtwo ship's boats belonging to a steamer whichhad been torpedoed off Flamborough the pre-vious night. The cobles fell in with the ship'sboats about 6 A.M. and took them into safety.One of the boats, which contained fourteenmen, had 2 feet of water in her, and the menwere in a very bad state.

Friday, 12th April, 1918.The Rt. Hon. the EABL WALDE(JBAVE, P.O.,

V.P., in the Chair.Read and confirmed the minutes of the

previous meeting.Read and confirmed the minutes of the

Building, General Purposes, Wreck and Re-ward and Organization Sub-Committees, andordered that their recommendations be carriedinto effect.

Read the reports of the District Inspectorson their visits to the following Stations:—

Northern District.—Port Patrick, and PortLogan.

Southern District.—Shoreham, Selsey andBognor, Littlehampton, Hayling Island,Southsea, Ryde, Brooke, Totland Bay andBembridge, Porthleven, Coveraok, Port-houstock, Oadgwith, and The Lizard.

Eastern District.—Pakefield, Branoaster,Aldeburgh No. 1, and Aldeburgh No. 2.

Western District. — Watchet, Ilfracombe,Lynmouth, Clovelly, Appledore No. 1, Apple-dore No. 2, .Bude, Port Isaac, Padstow No. 1,Padstow No. 2, Hayle, St. Mary's, St. Agnes,Sennen Cove, St. Ives, Penlee, Rhyl, Point ofAyr, Llanddulas, Cemlyn, Cemaes, Rhoscolyn,Rhosneigir, Bull Bay, Moelfre, Beaumaris,Criccieth, Porthdinllaen and Abersoch.

Irish District. — Aranmore, Blackrock,Greenore, Clogher Head, Drogheda, Kings-

town, Poolbeg, Hoylake, Hilbre Island, NewBrighton No. 1, New Brighton No. 2, andFormby.

Presented the reports of the District-Organizing Secretaries on their visits to theBranches in their respective areas.

Reported the receipt of the following specialcontributions:—Mrs. KATE LOWE. Further on £. s. d.

account of Tynemouth MotorLife-boat 1,000 - -

ANCIENT OBDEB OF FOBESTEBSFBIENDLY SOCIETY . . . 100 - -

Mrs. MACANDBEW . . . . 50 - -—To be thanked.

Paid £9,152- for sundry charges in connexionwith the maintenance of the various Life-boatestablishments.

Voted £252 12s. to pay the expenses of thefollowing Life-boat services:—


Appledore No. 1. Schooner Volant, ofBelfast . . . . 4

Bannouth . . Sailing Ship John G.Walters, of NovaScotia. Stood byvessel and renderedassistance.

Donaghadee . . Ke tch Pride ofMourne, of Kilkeel.Stood by vessel.

Gorleston No. 1 . S.S. Eastward, of Hull 12The Lizard . . S.S. Corous, of Swan-

sea 9Lyme Regis . . S.S. Gay-Gitano, of

Cardiff . . . . 5Margate No. 1 . Barge Alice, of

Rochester . . . 3Newbiggin . . Fishing cobles. Re-

mained in attend-ance.

North Deal . . Barge Nova to, ofHarwich . . . 2

„ . . Schooner Dracona, ofHull 3

„ (Reserve) Barges Diamond,Counteis, Britannic,Western Belle, andBritisher . . . 16

Whitby No. 2 . S.S. Nordstrand, ofLondon . . . . 2 3

Appledore No. 1 Life-boat assisted to savethe ketch H. F. Bolt, of Appledore; the New-biggin Life-boat assisted to save a vessel; theNorth 'Deal Life-boat assisted to save theketch Boy's Friend and four lives; and theTenby Life-boat assisted to save the motorketch Annie, of Cardigan.

Also voted £446 2s. to pay the expenses ofthe following Life-boat launches, assembliesof crews, etc., with a view of assisting personson vessels in distress: — Aldeburgh No. 1,Appledore No. 2, Blakeney, Caister No. 1,Castletown, Crpmarty, Dunbar, FlamboroughNot 1, Hastings, Holyhead (Steam), Kings-downe, Margate No. 1, North Deal, Point ofAyr, Porthoustoek, Port St. Mary, Ramsey,Ramsgate, Rhyl, St. Peter Port, Seaham,

242 THE LIFE-BOAT. [!ST AUGUST, 1918.

Sheringham, Tynemouth, and Walton-on-Naze.

Granted £75 16s. Sd. tp men for injury inthe Life-boat service at Blackpool, Blakeney,Llandudno, Lowestoft, Newquay (Corn.),Southwold, and Tynemouth.

Voted additional monetary rewards to thecrews of the Appledore No. 1, North Deal andNorth Deal Beserve Life-boats in recognitionof arduous services during the past month.

Voted £58 10s. lOd. to cover the expensesof Motor Fishing-boats at Arbroath, Cadgwith,Gourdon, Newquay (Corn.),,Padstow, St Agnes,and Whitby, which were launched for thepurpose of rendering assistance to vessels ]mined or torpedoed.

Voted £5 to JAMES HAMMOND and five othermen for putting off in a skiff in a heavy off-shore gale from Dalkey, co. Dublin, to theassistance of the fishing-boat Lizzie, and hercrew of two hands, which was in danger ofbeing swept out to sea on the 9th February.The salvors, after nearly two hours' hard work,succeeded in putting two men on board theLizzie, which was half full of water, and gother into safety.

Voted £2 5s. to 3. DONALDSON and threeother men, forming the crew of the fishing-boat'Children's Friend, for saving two men from aseaplane which, through a breakdown of |machinery, came down off Skateraw, in a |choppy sea, on the 20th February. j

Voted £7 10s. to ten men belonging to IH.M. tug H. S. 21, for saving three lives from jthe schooner Eliza and Alice, of Grimsby, iwhich, immediately after the rescue had been |effected, foundered off Deal, in very bad iweather, on the 2nd March. '

Voted £9 to the Master and crew of four jhands of the tug George Jewson, for savingtwenty-one lives from the s.s. Geneva, ofLeith, which stranded after a collision, andsubsequently became a total loss off Gorleston,on the 4th March. The George Jewson, withthe help of other tugs, towed the vessel offthe beach and anchored her near the S.W.Scroby Buoy. It was then discovered thatthe vessel was leaking badly, and for five hourspumping operations were carried out, but theleak increased and the weather became worse.The boats of the sinking vessel were smashedand useless, so the captain of the tug skilfullymanoeuvred his vessel close enough to theGeneva to enable the men on board to jumpfrom one vessel to the other. The work ofrescue occupied six hours. Considerable riskwas run of losing the tug and her crew.

Friday, 10th May, 1918.The Rt. Hon. the EABL WALDEGBAVE,

P.O., V.P., was unanimously elected Chair-man, and Sir GODFBEY BABING, Bart., M.P.,Deputy Chairman of the Institution, for theensuing year.

Lord WALDEGKAVE having taken the Chair,the members of the Sub-Committees wereelected for the current year.

Reported the death of Mr. EUGENE P. NOEL,a Vioe-President of the Institution since 1914,and a member of the Committee of Manage-ment since 1868. A letter of condolence wassent to his family.

Bead and confirmed the minutes of theprevious meeting.

Also read those of the Building, Finance,and Correspondence, and Wreck and RewardSub-Committees, and ordered that their re-commendations should be carried into effect.

Read the reports of the Acting DeputyChief Inspector and the District Inspectorson their visits to the following Stations:—

Eastern District.—Whitburn, and Sunder-land.

Southern District.—Mevagissey, Falmouth,Polkerris, Plymouth, Yealm River, Looe,Torquay, Teignmouth, Exmouth, Brixham,and Paignton.

Western District. — Newquay (Corn.),Pwllheli, Aberdovey, Barmouth, Fleetwood,Lytham, St. Annes, and Blackpool.


Reported the receipt of the following specialcontributions:—

&. s. d.Mrs. I. E. GARDNER . . . . 100 - -REGINALD S. WIOBAM, Esq. . . 25 - -—To be thanked.

Paid £6,247 for sundry charges in connexionwith the maintenance of the various Life-boat establishments.

Voted £174 9s.»9<Z. to pay the expenses ofthe following Life-boat services:—


Anstruther . S.S. Marsten, of New-castle. Landed 23.

Hastings . . S.S. Brodericfc, oi Lon-don 13

Scarborough . Ketch Scoonieburn, ofMethil 4

Sheringham . S.S. Alice Taylor, ofDundee . . . . 18

Also voted £141 lls. Id. to pay the expensesof the following Life-boat launches, assembliesof crews, etc., with a view of assisting personson vessels in distress:—Blakeney, Cromer,Donaghadee, Dunbar, Filey, North Deal,Padstow No. 2, Palling No. 1, Salcombe,Seaham, Sennen Cove, Sheringham, Tees-mouth, Wells, and Winterton No. 1.

Granted £2 10s. to a man injured in theLife-boat service at Sheringham.

Voted £41 12s. to cover the expenses ofMotor Fishing-boats at Anstruther, Cadgwith,Exmouth, Montrose, St. Ives, which werelaunched for the purpose of rendering assist-ance to vessels mined or torpedoed.

Voted £4 to four men at St. lyes (Corn.)for putting off on the 7th January in a Motor


Fishing-boat, in a very heavy N.E. gale andheavy sea, to the assistance of a boat, withseven men in her, belonging to H.M. salvagetug Epic. The salvors succeeded in towingthe boat, which was being driven rapidly tothe rocks, into safety, thereby saving themen's lives.

Voted £6 15s. to seven men for saving aman from a salmon-coble which capsized offWhitehills, near Banff, on the 23rd March.Nothing was known of the accident until thecoble grounded with a man clinging to her.Two men had been 'drowned, and a fourthman was found clinging to some outlyingrocks in great peril. Two of the salvorsjumped into the water with a rope, swamto the rock, and supported the endangeredman until further help arrived, when he wassafely landed. A Motor Fishing-boat at Banffproceeded to the scene of the disaster, butdid not arrive until after the survivors hadbeen rescued.

Voted £1 10s. to two men for putting offfrom Whithorn in a small fishing-boat andpiloting in two-ship's boats containing forty-seven men on the 28th March. The boatsbelonged to the s.s. Inkosi, of Aberdeen,which had been torpedoed, and the action ofthe salvors was very useful, as the men in theboats were unacquainted with the coast.

Voted £2 to four men for putting off in aboat from Eobin Hood's Bay and rescuingfive of the crew of the motor fishing-boatBotha on the 28th March. The Botha sankand the crew took to their punt, from whichthey were picked up by the salvors.

Voted 15s. to two men for putting off fromCullercoats in a small boat, on the 6th April,and saving two men from a seaplane whichhad fallen into the sea. When the salvorsreached the seaplane they found the twooccupants in the water up to their waists, andthey brought them into safety.

Voted £1 to two men for putting off fromLowestoft in a motor-boat, on the 13th April,and saving four men from a small boatbelonging to the fishing-smack Ruth, ofLowestoft. The men when picked up werein a state of exhaustion, having been adriftfor several hours.

Directed that special Letters of Thanks besent to three officers, and voted £5 5s. toseven N.G.O.'s and privates of the 14th SouthLanes. Regiment, for their services in assist-ing to save the crew of the ketch Mountaineer,of Kirkwall, which stranded one and a halfmiles from Wintertou on the 14th April. Astrong gale was blowing, with a very heavysea on the beach, and the weather was verycold and thick. Second Coxswain HAYLETT,of Winterton, went into the water up to hisarmpits and was able to establish communi-cation with the vessel by means of a rope,and, with the assistance of the men abovereferred to, the crew of six hands wererescued from the wrecked vessel.

Friday, 24th May, 1918.The Kt. Hon. the EABL WALDEGHAVE, P.O.,

V.P., in the Chair.Special meeting, at which it was reported

that the President, His Grace the DUKE orNORTHUMBERLAND, K.G., died on the 14thMay, 1918. He had been President of theInstitution since 1911. Passed the followingVote of Condolence:—

" That this Committee, in recording thelamented decease of their President, HisGrace HENKY GEORGE PEROT, DUKE OFNORTHUMBERLAND, K.G., tender their sin-cere sympathy and condolence to his son,Alan Ian Percy, 8th Duke of Northumber-land, and desire to place on their Minutesan acknowledgment of the services renderedto the Life-boat cause by their late President,who held that office since 1911, and who thusmaintained the long-standing connexion be-tween the Dukes of Northumberland and thenational and philanthropic objects of THEROYAL NATIONAL LIFE-BOAT INSTITUTION, aconnexion dating back to the earliest days of;he Life-boat Service, and, so far as the Insti-ration itself is concerned, to the year 1852,when the 4th Duke of Northumberland wasits President."

Also reported the death of Admiral of theFleet Sir GERARD H. U. NOEL, G.C.B.,K.C.M.G., who had been a member of theCommittee of Management since 1908, andpassed a Vote of Condolence with his family.

Friday, 7th June, 1918.The Kt. Hon. the EARL WALDEGHAVE, P.O.,

V.P., in the Chair.Bead and confirmed the minutes of the

two previous meetings.Also read and confirmed the minutes of the

Building, General Purposes, and Wreck andReward Sub-Committees, and ordered thattheir recommendations be carried into effect.

Bead the reports of the Acting DeputyChief Inspector and the District Inspectorson their visits to the following Stations:—

Northern District.—Whitehaven, Maryport,Piel (Barrow), Southport, Ramsey, Port Erin,Port St. Mary, Castletown, Douglas, and Peel.

Eastern District.—Walton-on-the-Naze, andClacton-on-Sea.

Southern District.—Bye Harbour, Dunge-ness Nos. 1 and 2, New Bomney, EastbourneNos. 1 and 2, Salcombe, Hope Cove,Southampton, and Weymouth.

Irish District.—Arklow, Courtown, Kilmore,Bosslare Harbour, Wexford, Dunmore East,Tramore, and Kilmore.

Presented the Beports of the DistrictOrganizing Secretaries on their visits to theBranches in their respective areas.

Beported the death of Mr. J. W. ALEXANDER,on the 20th May, who had been honorarySecretary of the Newcastle (Co. Down) Branchsince May, 1903.


Reported that Major AUSTIN GBAHAM, whohad been Honorary Secretary of the Saltburn-on-Sea Branch since June, 1913, was " killedon service " in May.

Beported the receipt of the followingspecial contributions:—

£. s. d.Mrs. KATE LOWE. Balance of the

cost of the .Motor Life-boatHenry Frederick Swan,stationed at Tynemouth . . 1,901 - -

—To be thanked.Paid £6,276 for sundry charges in connexion

with the maintenance of the -various Life-boatestablishments.

Voted £113 15s. 9d. to pay the expenses ofthe following Life-boat services:—

LivesUfe-hoat. Vessel. saved.

Aldeburgh No. 2 An aeroplane. As-sisted to save aero-plane and . . . 1

O r a i l . . . . S.S. Windy, of New-castle 20

HartlepoolNo.3 A vessel. Attemptedto save vessel.

Newbiggin . . A vessel. Stood byvessel.

Newquay, Corn. S.S. War Grange, ofLondon. Stood by

Palling No. 1 Smack Magnolia, ofLowestoft. Stood by

Walton-on-Naze A vessel. Saved vesseland 3

Also voted £167 7s. 8d. to pay the expensesof the following Life-boat launches, assembliesof crews, etc., with a view of assistingpersons on vessels in distress:—Courtmac-sherry, Eastbourne No. 2, New Bomuey,Padstow No. 1, Port Erin, Port Logan, PortPatrick, St. David's, Scarborough, and Winter-ton No. 1.

Granted £7 to men for injury in the Life-boat service at Gorleston and Torquay.

Voted £70 Is. id. to cov«r the expenses ofMotor Fishing-boats at Exmouth, Montrose,Newquay (Corn.), Padstow, Port Erin, PortIsaac, Portrush, Bamsey, Stonehaven, andWells, which were launched for the purposeof rendering assistance to vessels mined ortorpedoed.

Voted £1 to two men for saving a man froma hydroplane which came down near Hornsea,on the 20th March. The salvors put off in a

coble, and were able to bring the man andthe hydroplane to the shore.

Voted 15s. to two men at Horusea forbringing back a boat which had been usedfor life-saving, and which had been left bythe salvors some distance from its station, onthe 26th March.

Voted £1 2s. 6d. to three men for rescuingthe pilot and observer of an aeroplane whichhad fallen into the sea, on the 15th May. Onthe accident being observed the salvorspromptly launched a small boat, rowingagainst a strong ebb tide, and in twenty-twominutes from the time the machine fell theyrescued the two men, who were swimmingabout, the aeroplane having sunk.

Voted £3 15s. to six men for putting offfrom Bobin Hood's Bay and rescuing nineteenmen from a ship's boat belonging to the s.s.Naparina, of Karlshamn, which had beentorpedoed, on the 10th May. The salvorslaunched two shore boats in response tosignals of distress, and, on reaching the ship'sboat, which was in danger of going on therocks in the darkness, they took the crewon board and safely landed them. A moderatebreeze was blowing with a moderate sea.

Voted 15s. to two men at Swanage forputting off iu a boat, on the 26th May, torender assistance to the crew of an unknownvessel which had been torpedoed and sunk.The survivors, however, landed in the ship'sboats.

Voted £2 to E. FAIB (a deaf and dumbfisherman) and his son, aged 16, for theirservices on the 20th April. The boatwas caught in an oft-shore squall nearHastings, and the two men were gettingexhausted, when they saw another smallboat with three soldiers in her. This boatwas being swept out to sea, and the men inher were quite exhausted. The salvors, not-withstanding their own condition and the riskinvolved, proceeded to them, and succeeded intowing the boat to Bexhill, where the menwere landed.

Voted £2 10s. to five men at Trevose Headfor rendering assistance to a ship's boat, con-taining six men, belonging to the s.s. Mefjord,of Bergen, on the 23rd May. The boat wasseen approaching the headland, and the salvors,by means of flags, directed it to the only safelanding-place. They then went down the cliff,and assisted the shipwrecked men, who weremore or less exhausted with wet and cold, outof the boat and up the steep cliff, and, later,they were successful in salving the boat.

N O T I C E .

The next number of the LIFE-BOAT JOURNAL will be published enthe 1st August, 1919.

THE LIFE-BOAT....230THE LIFE-BOAT[IsT AUGUST. 1918, . has done magnificen wor fok nearlrt a !y hundred years now , an d I am sure that in the near future as, ha bees n wel bl saiy

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