The Institutional Framework for The Institutional Framework for Public Housing YBhg. Datuk Mohamad Yusoff bin Ghazali Deputy Director General National Housing Department National Housing Department Ministry of Housing and Local Government (MHLG) 16 th July, 2012
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The Institutional Framework forThe Institutional Framework for Public Housing
YBhg. Datuk Mohamad Yusoff bin GhazaliDeputy Director GeneralNational Housing DepartmentNational Housing DepartmentMinistry of Housing and Local Government (MHLG)16th July, 2012
CONTENTS
(1) AFFORDABLE HOUSINGHousing Housing
DevelopmentDevelopment
(1) AFFORDABLE HOUSING- Housing AffordabilityDefinitionsBasic Components- 3 Tier Goverment- Institutional Framework- Housing Programs and Initiatives- Role of The National Housing Policy (NHP)- Role of The National Housing Policy (NHP)
(2) THE WAY FORWARD(2) THE WAY FORWARD- Emulating Successful Models
2
HOUSING AFFORDABILITY - Definitions
“Adequate in quality and location; and its cost does not cost prohibit itsoccupants meeting other basic living costs or threaten their enjoyment ofbasic human right”
PR1MA Report, 2012
“A type of housing for low-income people, which has a variety of othernames such as social housing, public housing and low cost housing”
UN Habitat 2011
MALAYSIA: Any house which is being sold below RM300, 000 WHY
UN Habitat, 2011
MALAYSIA: Any house which is being sold below RM300, 000 WHYApproximately 76% of Malaysians are earning below RM5,000 monthly.
Credit line of 30% Current BaseCredit line of 30%of the net incomefor the housing loan
Current BaseLending Rate(BLR) of 6.60%
MAXIMUM AFFORDABLE PRICE RM300,000 AND BELOW
3
Department of Statistics Household Income Survey, 2009
HOUSING AFFORDABILITY – Basic Components
CAPITAL VARIABLES OCCUPATIONAL VARIABLES
MATERIAL / HOUSE INPUTS MATERIAL / HOUSE INPUTSMATERIAL / HOUSE INPUTS
LandInfrastructure
MATERIAL / HOUSE INPUTS
Land leaseService costs
House Occupation
C t
House Purchase
C tBuilding materialsLabor and profits
Building maintenance
Housing
CostCost
cFINANCEDown payment
FINANCEInterest rates and loan period
Housing Affordability
for household
SAVINGS AND DEBTSSavings and other assets
SAVINGS AND EXPENDITUREIncome
Ability to finance
purchase
Ability to financially
service(minus)Outstanding debts
(minus)Non housing expenditures
4Source: UN Habitat 2011
3TIER GOVERNMENT
Housing is prescribed under the Concurrent List of the Federal Constitution:
F d l R l tiFederal Government
RegulationLicensing of DevelopersSales & Advertising Permits
State Government Land Approval / ConversionLow-cost and Low Medium Cost Quota
Local Authorities
Quota
Planning Approval Building Plan ApprovalLocal Authorities Building Plan Approval
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INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK
HOUSING PLAYERSFederal Government
States Government
• SEDCs
States Government • MHLG • MRRD - RDA• KWPKBKWPKB • PMO – PR1MA• MoF – SPNB• MoA Private Sectors
Local Authorities and other Agencies
REHDANon-REHDA Financial Institutions
• Housing DevelopersB k
• MHLG (Housing Loan Scheme)M F th h C Sd Bhd (Ski• Contractors Banks • MoF through CagamasSdn. Bhd. (Skim Rumah Pertamaku)
• MoF - Housing Loans for Civil Servants
• Project Financing / Bridging Financing
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Project Financing / Bridging Financing• Mortgage
HOUSING PROGRAMS AND INITIATIVESSummary of Various Housing Programs and Initiatives
PROGRAMS CHARACTERICS
Public Low-Cost Housing Program (PLHP) by Federal and states Government
• Shelter to buyers with monthly household income of RM1,500 and below• Selling price not exceeding RM35,000 per unit
Program Perumahan Rakyat Bersepadu (Bersepadu MTEN) by MHLG
• Squatters / Low income Group• Houses for rental at lower rate (RM124 per month)
People’s Housing Program (PHP) by MHLG
• Replaced PLHP• Buyers with monthly household incomes of RM2,500 and below • Specifications: 650 – 700 sq ft, 3 bedrooms and 2 bathrooms; and Living
room and kitchen
Sites and Services Scheme by Local Authorities
• Those who not eligible for PLHP• Buyers with monthly household incomes of RM300-RM500 (Peninsular
Malaysia, RM400-RM650 (Sabah and Sarawak)
Housing Program by Regional • E.g. FELDA, PERDA, FELCRAg g y gDevelopment Authority (RDA) and Land Scheme
g• Houses for settlers
Rural Programs by Ministry or Rural and Regional Development (MRRD); and
• Various programs for rural areas to eradicate poverty among the rural poor• e.g. PPRT , Program Pembangunan Masyarakat Setempat, Penyatuan
Ministry of Women, Family and Community Development.
Semula Kampung dan Pusat Pertumbuhan Desa
Various Programs under Syarikat Perumahan Negara Berhad (SPNB)
• To increase the supply of houses costing RM150,000 and belowRumah Mesra Rakyat – buyers with household income < RM1,500R h M Milik b ith h h ld i < RM2 000
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Rumah Mampu Milik - buyers with household income < RM2,000
Special Housing Fund by Ministry of Agriculture (MoA)
• Set up under Budget 2012 to build and refurbish fishermen’s houses with basic infrastructure.
NEW DIRECTION FOR PUBLIC HOUSING
Sale of public housing to the tenants e.g. PHP Batu Berendam, Melaka andPHP Lembah Subang II (Petaling Jaya Selangor)PHP Lembah Subang II (Petaling Jaya, Selangor).Note: This was decided by the Cabinet on 30th Mei, 2012
Expansion of PHP for sale in other statese.g. Kepong (Selangor), Sentul (Kuala Lumpur), Pulau Tioman (Pahang), Inanam(Sabah) and Gua Musang (Kelantan)
8
HOUSING PROGRAMS AND INITIATIVESSummary of Various Housing Programs and Initiatives
PROGRAMS CHARACTERICS
Public Low-Cost Housing Program (PLHP) by Federal and states Government
• Shelter to buyers with monthly household income of RM1,500 and below• Selling price not exceeding RM35,000 per unit
Program Perumahan Rakyat Bersepadu (Bersepadu MTEN) by MHLG
• Squatters / Low income Group• Houses for rental at lower rate (RM124 per month)
People’s Housing Program (PHP) by MHLG
• Replaced PLHP• Buyers with monthly household incomes of RM2,500 and below • Specifications: 650 – 700 sq ft, 3 bedrooms and 2 bathrooms; and Living
room and kitchen
Sites and Services Scheme by Local Authorities
• Those who not eligible for PLHP• Buyers with monthly household incomes of RM300-RM500 (Peninsular
Malaysia, RM400-RM650 (Sabah and Sarawak)
Housing Program by Regional • E.g. FELDA, PERDA, FELCRAg g y gDevelopment Authority (RDA) and Land Scheme
g• Houses for settlers
Rural Programs by Ministry or Rural and Regional Development (MRRD); and
• Various programs for rural areas to eradicate poverty among the rural poor• e.g. PPRT , Program Pembangunan Masyarakat Setempat, Penyatuan
Ministry of Women, Family and Community Development.
Semula Kampung dan Pusat Pertumbuhan Desa
Various Programs under Syarikat Perumahan Negara Berhad (SPNB)
• To increase the supply of houses costing RM150,000 and belowRumah Mesra Rakyat – buyers with household income < RM1,500R h M Milik b ith h h ld i < RM2 000
9
Rumah Mampu Milik - buyers with household income < RM2,000
Special Housing Fund by Ministry of Agriculture (MoA)
• Set up under Budget 2012 to build and refurbish fishermen’s houses with basic infrastructure.
ROLE OF THE NHP
To provide adequate, comfortable, quality andaffordable housing to enhance the sustainability ofaffordable housing to enhance the sustainability ofthe quality of life of the people
The NHP consists of 6 key policy thrusts and 20 policy statements
i. Formulation of the NHP Action PlanR l f bli d i t t i h i i i
Strategies:
Role of public and private sector in housing provisiono Low cost houseso Medium cost houses
Enhancement of Government’s housing service gdelivery system
o policy coordination and implementation
ii E t bli h t f th C itt f M it i d
IMPROVING COLLABORATION AMONG ALL PLAYERS IN
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ii. Establishment of the Committee for Monitoring and Evaluation of NHP Action Plan
AMONG ALL PLAYERS IN THE HOUSING SECTOR
NATIONAL HOUSING POLICY (NHP)GOAL: to provide adequate, comfortable, quality and affordable housing to
h th t i bilit f th lit f lif f th lenhance the sustainability of the quality of life of the people
i. Providing adequate and quality housing with comprehensive facilities and a conducive environment;TI
VES
;ii. Enhancing the capability and accessibility of the people to own or rent houses; andiii. Setting future direction to ensure the sustainability of the housing sector.
OB
JEC
T
Comprises 6 key policy thrusts and 20 policy statements:
T1: Provision of Adequate Housing Based on The Specific Needs of Target Groups
T2: Improvement of The Quality and Productivity Of Housing Development
T3 E h i Eff ti I l t ti d E i C li Of Th H iT3: Enhancing Effective Implementation and Ensuring Compliance Of The Housing Service Delivery System
T4: Improving The Ability Of The People To Own And Rent HousesT4: Improving The Ability Of The People To Own And Rent Houses
T5: Sustainability Of The Housing Sector
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T6: Enhancing the level of social amenities, basic services and livable environment
ROLE OF THE NHP
To provide adequate, comfortable, quality andaffordable housing to enhance the sustainability ofaffordable housing to enhance the sustainability ofthe quality of life of the people
The NHP consists of 6 key policy thrusts and 20 policy statements
i. Formulation of the NHP Action PlanR l f bli d i t t i h i i i
Strategies:
Role of public and private sector in housing provisiono Low cost houseso Medium cost houses
Enhancement of Government’s housing service gdelivery system
o policy coordination and implementation
ii E t bli h t f th C itt f M it i d
IMPROVING COLLABORATION AMONG ALL PLAYERS IN
12
ii. Establishment of the Committee for Monitoring and Evaluation of NHP Action Plan
AMONG ALL PLAYERS IN THE HOUSING SECTOR
ROLE OF THE NHP - PROVISION OF PUBLIC HOUSING
[1] Diversity - Various type of public housing needed e.g. studio for single people, bigger size and
more rooms for bigger familiesmore rooms for bigger families- Rental model where different rental rate is charged according to the monthly
household income
[2] Criteria - Eligibility criteria needs to be reviewed at a fixed period
[3] Maintenance of Public Housing- Demerit scheme- Monthly maintenance / rental via direct debit- Government Maintenance Facilitation Fund
90:10 (for maintenance of public common areas for low cost)
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EMULATING SUCCESSFUL MODELS
Can we emulate the successful models of other countriese.g. Housing Development Board (Singapore), Council Housing
(U it d Ki d ) H i P id t F d (Chi )(United Kingdom) or Housing Provident Fund (China)
CHALLENGES POSSIBILITIES
• Tier-Government
• Data – ownership
• Enhancement of Current EPF Scheme –Saving scheme to purchase house
• Financial Constraints • Specific banks to provide housing loans for affordable housing
• Single entity to design build and manageSingle entity to design, build and manage all federally-funded housing