The Importance of Short Rotation Plantations in Germany - Relevance to Climate Change and Competitiveness on the Market Institute of International Forestry and Forest Products, Chair of Forestry and Forest Products in Eastern Europe Assoc. Prof. Dr.-Ing. habil. Werner Grosse Content 1 TOPICAL STRUCTURE OF ENERGY CONSUMPTION AND TENDENCIES RELATED TO POLITICAL OBJECTIVES 2 WOOD AS MOST IMPORTANT RENEWABLE RESOURCE – DEMAND AND SUPPLY 3 SHORT ROTATION TECHNOLOGY WITH FAST GROWING TREES ON FARMLAND 4 BENEFIT IN RELATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE AND ECONOMICAL COMPETITIVENESS 5 OUTLOOK International Conference University of Yoshkar Ola, June 2-5, 2009
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The Importance of Short Rotation Plantations in Germany -Relevance to Climate Change and Competitiveness on the Market
Institute of International Forestry and Forest Products, Chair of Forestry and Forest Products in Eastern Europe
Assoc. Prof. Dr.-Ing. habil. Werner Grosse
Content
1 TOPICAL STRUCTURE OF ENERGY CONSUMPTION AND TENDENCIES RELATED TO POLITICAL OBJECTIVES
2 WOOD AS MOST IMPORTANT RENEWABLE RESOURCE – DEMAND AND SUPPLY3 SHORT ROTATION TECHNOLOGY WITH FAST GROWING TREES ON FARMLAND4 BENEFIT IN RELATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE AND ECONOMICAL COMPETITIVENESS 5 OUTLOOK
International ConferenceUniversity of Yoshkar Ola, June 2-5, 2009
W. Grosse: SRP – Importance, Relevance to Climate Change and Competitiveness on the Market
Joshkar OlaJune, 2009
Content
1 TOPICAL STRUCTURE OF ENERGY CONSUMPTION AND TENDENCIES RELATED TO POLITICAL OBJECTIVES
2 WOOD AS MOST IMPORTANT RENEWABLE RESOURCE -AMOUNT AND DEMAND
3 SHORT ROTATION TECHNOLOGY WITH FAST GROWING TREES ON FARMLAND
4 BENEFIT IN RELATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE AND ECONOMICAL COMPETITIVENESS
5 OUTLOOK
W. Grosse: SRP – Importance, Relevance to Climate Change and Competitiveness on the Market
Joshkar OlaJune, 2009 3
Final energy consumption and CO2 emissions in Germany
Source: BMU, 2008
Fin
al en
erg
yco
nsu
mp
tio
n,
TW
h/
a
CO
2 e
mis
sio
ns
; 1
99
0=
10
0%
Process heat
Hot water
Room heating
Power mobile
Power stationary
Co2 emissions
General political strategy:
1 Reducing of national energyconsumption absolutefrom 2500 TWh/a 2000 to 1600 TWh/a 2050 (= - 0.3)
2 More of Renewable Energy Sources (RES) as a share of energy supply(plus 470%)Increasing from 3.8 %2000
to 18.0 %2050 (= +4.7)
W. Grosse: SRP – Importance, Relevance to Climate Change and Competitiveness on the Market
Joshkar OlaJune, 2009
National tools for economizing of fossil energies as well as implementation and acceleration of Renewable Energy Sources(RES)
Based on state provided motivation to economize in energy consumption
e.g. - reduced taxes for power resources produced from RES- by laws fixed duty for high level of thermal isolation in new buildings - subsidies for modernisation of heating systems in private houses by the so
named “Market incentive programme”- taxes for cars in relation to the CO2-emission
Laws to promote the production and selling of power resources from RES
e.g. - Duty for energy supply companies to buy electricity produced by RES for guaranteed prices (the so named “Renewable Energies Law”, EEG)
W. Grosse: SRP – Importance, Relevance to Climate Change and Competitiveness on the Market
Joshkar OlaJune, 2009 5
Renewable energy sources (RES) as a share of energy supply in Germany
2004Total: 13,993 PJ
19982000
20022006
20072020
9.8
18 1)
Source: BMU (2008), modified
Shar
e of
RES
of t
otal
fina
l ene
rgy
cons
umpt
ion,
%
1) German Government Targets
3.1
W. Grosse: SRP – Importance, Relevance to Climate Change and Competitiveness on the Market
Joshkar OlaJune, 2009
Content
1 TOPICAL STRUCTURE OF ENERGY CONSUMPTION AND TENDENCIES RELATED TO POLITICAL OBJECTIVES
2 WOOD AS MOST IMPORTANT RENEWABLE RESOURCE -AMOUNT AND DEMAND
3 SHORT ROTATION TECHNOLOGY WITH FAST GROWING TREES ON FARMLAND
4 BENEFIT IN RELATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE AND ECONOMICAL COMPETITIVENESS
5 OUTLOOK
W. Grosse: SRP – Importance, Relevance to Climate Change and Competitiveness on the Market
Joshkar OlaJune, 2009 7
Source: ZMP (2008)
Volume of felling in selected member states of the EU (in 2007 ; Mio. m3)
W. Grosse: SRP – Importance, Relevance to Climate Change and Competitiveness on the Market
Joshkar OlaJune, 2009 8
Scenario of development of the potential timber productionScenario of development of the potential timber production
Source: POLLEY, 2007
Sto
ckin
g v
alu
e,
Billio
n m
³
Po
ten
tial Tim
ber
pro
du
ctio
n,
Mio
. m
³/a
Period Value Potential(*utilization)
W. Grosse: SRP – Importance, Relevance to Climate Change and Competitiveness on the Market
Joshkar OlaJune, 2009 9
Energy from biomass – guide scenario 2008
Use
of
en
erg
yB
iom
ass
, P
J/a
Plants for BtL
Plants for fermentation
Rest materials forfermentation
Other solid biomass
Wood from SRP
Other wooded material
Wood from forestryIndustrial rest wood
Source: Nitsch, 2008
Cultivated areaFor stationary utilisationFor mobile utilisation
47 Mio. m3
79 Mio. m3
57 Mio. m3
Utilisation of Biomass for Energy (Rest materials, biogenic components of waste, energy plants)
W. Grosse: SRP – Importance, Relevance to Climate Change and Competitiveness on the Market
Joshkar OlaJune, 2009
Content
1 TOPICAL STRUCTURE OF ENERGY CONSUMPTION AND TENDENCIES RELATED TO POLITICAL OBJECTIVES
2 WOOD AS MOST IMPORTANT RENEWABLE RESOURCE -AMOUNT AND DEMAND
3 SHORT ROTATION TECHNOLOGY WITH FAST GROWING TREES ON FARMLAND
4 BENEFIT IN RELATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE AND ECONOMICAL COMPETITIVENESS
5 OUTLOOK
W. Grosse: SRP – Importance, Relevance to Climate Change and Competitiveness on the Market
Joshkar OlaJune, 2009 11
PlantingHarvestingafter 3… 10 years
Recultivationafter >20 years
Product: chips
Product: Short -wood
W. Grosse: SRP – Importance, Relevance to Climate Change and Competitiveness on the Market
Joshkar OlaJune, 2009 12
Objectives of the Objectives of the SShort hort RRotation otation PPlantation technologylantation technology
Wood production by poplar, willow or black locust on farmland with yields of 8 … 12 tatro/ha·a; periodical harvest after 3 years earliest up to 20 years depended of using strategy
In terms of the German guide scenario of biomass-to-energy strategy up to 2050 it needs ca. 1 Mio. ha of SRP for producing of the 20 Mio. m³ additionally fuelwood per annum
Further positive effects on employment in rural areas, improvement of regional infra structure and chances for added value (e.g. refinement, further processing)
Generation of small regional enclosed economic cycles
W. Grosse: SRP – Importance, Relevance to Climate Change and Competitiveness on the Market
Joshkar OlaJune, 2009
Content
1 TOPICAL STRUCTURE OF ENERGY CONSUMPTION AND TENDENCIES RELATED TO POLITICAL OBJECTIVES
2 WOOD AS MOST IMPORTANT RENEWABLE RESOURCE -AMOUNT AND DEMAND
3 SHORT ROTATION TECHNOLOGY WITH FAST GROWING TREES ON FARMLAND
4 BENEFIT IN RELATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE AND ECONOMICAL COMPETITIVENESS
5 OUTLOOK
W. Grosse: SRP – Importance, Relevance to Climate Change and Competitiveness on the Market
Joshkar OlaJune, 2009 14
Costs of avoidance
Output of avoidance
Heat Electricity & CombinedHeat and Power Fuel
Hea
ting
byC
hips
Chi
ps &
Co-
burn
ung
Stra
wC
o-bu
rnin
g
Biog
as b
ysl
urry
Hea
t& P
ower
Chi
ps h
eat&
pow
er
Production of Bioenergy – Efficiency in CO2-emission avoidingOutput (per hectar) and Costs of CO 2 aequv avoiding Source: Isermeyer et al. (2008) mod.
W. Grosse: SRP – Importance, Relevance to Climate Change and Competitiveness on the Market